Hammeniederung

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Hammeniederung
Hammeniederung

Hammeniederung

location Between Osterholz-Scharmbeck or Ritterhude and Worpswede , Osterholz district , Lower Saxony
surface 2,849 ha
Identifier NSG LÜ 312
WDPA ID 555638584
Geographical location 53 ° 14 '  N , 8 ° 51'  E Coordinates: 53 ° 13 '42 "  N , 8 ° 50' 57"  E
Hammeniederung (Lower Saxony)
Hammeniederung
Sea level from 0.5 to 2.0
Setup date April 20, 2017
f6

The Hammeniederung is a nature reserve in the Lower Saxony city of Osterholz-Scharmbeck and the communities of Worpswede , Lilienthal and Ritterhude in the Osterholz district .

description

The nature reserve with the sign NSG LÜ 312 is 2,849  hectares in size. For the most part, it is also designated as the FFH area “Untere Wümmeniederung, lower Hammeniederung with Teufelsmoor”, which extends over 4,153.32 hectares and also includes parts of the “ Teufelsmoor ” nature reserve to the north , as well as the “Hammeniederung” bird sanctuary , which extends over 6,296 extends hectares and large parts of the nature reserve surrounding many cases, the same conservation area, and also part of the nature reserve "devil's Moor" includes. The nature reserve borders in many cases on the " Hammeniederung " nature reserve, in the north also on the "Teufelsmoor" and " Beekniederung " nature reserves in some places, and at the crossing of the road 153 with the Beek on the "Teufelsmoor" nature reserve. The previous nature reserve “ Hamme-Altarm ” and parts of the previous landscape protection areas “Hammewiesen” and “Worpswede” were incorporated into the reserve . The ordinances of the nature reserves " Pennigbütteler Moor " and " Meadows and pastures northeast of the broad water " lying on the edge of the area as well as the nature reserve " broad water " within the area initially remained in force. These protected areas became part of the nature reserve on October 3, 2019. The area has been under protection since April 20, 2017. The responsible lower nature conservation authority is the district of Osterholz.

The nature reserve is located in the eponymous Hammeniederung between Ritterhude in the southwest, Osterholz-Scharmbeck in the west and Worpswede in the east. Together with the "Teufelsmoor" nature reserve to the north and the other adjacent nature reserves, it forms a biotope network.

The nature reserve is characterized by extensive grassland of varying degrees of moisture and is considered one of the most important large-scale wetlands in northwest Germany. The mostly extensively used grassland on marshland and fens is criss-crossed by numerous ditches. In addition to the cultivated grasslands, larger shares are also fallow. Other areas are of reeds , sedge , Hochstaudenfluren , wet bushes and swamp forests taken. In the north-west of the nature reserve in the area of ​​the Ahrenfelder Moor there are partially near-natural raised bog remains. The area was largely secured and developed close to nature from 1995 to 2009 as part of the major nature conservation project Hammeniederung, whose project area extended over 2,780 hectares. Around 16.2 million euros were made available to carry out the project.

The nature reserve is traversed by Hamme and Beek. In particular east of Ritterhude there are several oxbow lakes of the Hamme. Northwest of Worpswede on the left bank of the Hamme there is a wet biotope. Here, the area of ​​the former course of the Hamme was renatured and connected to the Hamme again. Above the confluence of the Beek and the Hamme there are other bodies of water as the remains of an inland delta that was formed earlier , including the Breite Wasser. The flowing waters have flowing water vegetation and are accompanied by reed beds, sedge beds, riparian perennials and, in places, woody stands. The trenches in the nature reserve, which are extensively maintained, also have species-rich bank and water vegetation. In the south of the nature reserve there is a former quarry pond , which is surrounded by trees. Furthermore, in many places there are small bodies of water in the form of blanks and depressions , some of which were restored or created as part of the major nature conservation project Hammeniederung. In three areas - the Altenbrücker Weiden and Postwiesen in the north, the Ochsenwiese southeast of Osterholz-Scharmbeck and the area south of the Hamme in the south of the protected area - as part of the large-scale nature conservation project Hammeniederung, over 700 hectares of retention areas were created, in which areas in the winter half-year are also longer-term be flooded.

The nature reserve mainly borders on other grassland areas and other agricultural areas . In the north it borders on a state road , in the south-west on a district road . A county road crosses it southeast of Osterholz-Scharmbeck. In addition, the Stade – Osterholz-Scharmbeck railway crosses the nature reserve between Osterholz-Scharmbeck and Worpswede. Several paths run through the nature reserve, some of which have been developed as hiking and biking trails. There are observation towers and an observation post for nature observation in several places. To protect the sometimes sensitive animal world, a path concept was developed in order to keep disturbances by humans as low as possible. The area around Neu Helgoland, which is used for tourism and local recreation - there is a campsite , a harbor for water hikers and an excursion restaurant - is excluded from the scope of the nature conservation ordinance.

The planned route of the Ritterhude bypass of the B 74 south of Osterholz-Scharmbeck runs in its southern area through the Hammeniederung and touches the “Hammeniederung” nature reserve in the area where the Hamme is crossed.

Flora and fauna

The rivers and the ditches connected to them are habitat u. a. of river lamprey , wolffish and mud whip . In addition to other fish species, pike , eel , perch , ruff , tench and roach are found. Amphibians are z. B. represented by the bog and sea ​​frog , reptiles by the grass snake . Settle in the trenches and a. Cancer scissors societies. In the area of ​​the former inland delta of the Beek in particular, there are extensive sedges, reed beds and tall herbaceous meadows etc. a. with thread sedge , beak sedge , slender sedge , marsh grass , water swaths and sweet flag . The partially drained, but not cultivated raised bog areas northeast of Osterholz-Scharmbeck are characterized by bog and quarry forest as well as raised bog communities with cotton grass, pipe grass , broom and bell heather . On extensively grazed or fallow grassland areas, z. B. water geiskraut , cuckoo- light carnation and fragrant Mariengras or tall herbaceous meadows with meadowsweet , swamp thistle , rue and loosestrife as well as sedges and reeds.

Within the reserve are several bats at home: Serotine , Daubenton's bat , pond bat , Noctule , pipistrelle , brown long-eared and Pipistrelle . The nature reserve is also home to various types of dragonflies , some of which are endangered or threatened with extinction - among other species, the green damsel , high moor damsel and scarlet dragonfly , but also great moss damsel , spotted emerald dragonfly and spotted darter . Important biotopes for dragonfly populations are water-filled peat cuttings in the uncultivated raised bog areas, Beek, oxbow lakes of the Hamme and the Breite Wasser. The nature reserve is also an important habitat for grasshoppers . So are u. a. Mole cricket , Marsh Grasshopper , marsh grasshopper and meadow grasshoppers to find. The nature reserve is also the habitat of the otter .

The area is a habitat and resting area for a species-rich avifauna . So come here pipe and harrier and short-eared owl before. The white-tailed eagle looks for food in the area. Limikolen are u. a. represented by oystercatchers , lapwing , snipe , black godwit , woodcock , curlew , red and greenshanks as well as various sandpipers , sandpipers and plovers . Furthermore, the corncrake , quail and partridge are native. Divers and mergansers are by grebes , little grebe , red-necked grebe , Smew and mergansers , ducks through various ducks, including Wigeon , Gadwall , teal , pintail , teal , shoveler , pochard , tufted duck and goldeneye , geese , including gray goose , white-fronted goose , bean goose , Canada goose and Barnacle goose as well as swans such as mute swan , whooper swan and dwarf swan are represented. Songbirds are u. a. by skylark , yellow wagtail , Whinchat , Stonechat , sedge warbler , reed warbler , redstart , Meadow Pipit , grasshopper warbler , reed bunting and Oriole represented. Also suitable are backed shrike , shrike , white stork , crane , gray herons , egrets and bitterns and various Coot , terns and gulls before.

literature

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Lower Wümmeniederung, lower Hammeniederung with Teufelsmoor , profiles of the Natura 2000 areas, Federal Agency for Nature Conservation . Retrieved April 13, 2018.
  2. ↑ Hammeniederung , profiles of the Natura 2000 areas, Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Retrieved April 13, 2018.
  3. ↑ Collective ordinance on nature and landscape protection areas in the area of ​​“Hammeniederung” and “Teufelsmoor” in the Osterholz district , Annex 2, Osterholz district, March 10, 2017 (PDF file, 2.8 MB). Retrieved June 20, 2017.
  4. ↑ Collective ordinance in the area of ​​“Hammeniederung” and “Teufelsmoor” , Osterholz district. Retrieved June 20, 2017.
  5. ↑ a b c d Large-scale nature conservation project of nationwide representative importance Hammeniederung , Osterholz district. Retrieved June 20, 2017.
  6. ↑ a b large-scale nature conservation project “Hammeniederung” , Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Retrieved April 13, 2018.
  7. ↑ Large-scale nature conservation project "Hammeniederung" successfully completed , press release, Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety / Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, August 20, 2010. Accessed June 20, 2017.
  8. ↑ Collective ordinance on nature and landscape protection areas in the area of ​​"Hammeniederung" and "Teufelsmoor" in the Osterholz district , Annex 5, Osterholz district, March 10, 2017 (PDF file, 2.6 MB). Retrieved June 20, 2017.
  9. ↑ Hammeniederung trail concept , Osterholz district. Retrieved June 20, 2017.
  10. ↑ Ritterhude bypass in the course of Bundesstrasse 74 , Lower Saxony state authority for road construction and traffic. Retrieved June 20, 2017.
  11. ^ Hammeniederung large nature conservation project , Osterholz district, June 30, 2006. Accessed June 20, 2017.
  12. ^ Hammeniederung , Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Retrieved April 13, 2018.