Hans Robert Jauß

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Signature of Hans Robert Jauss, postcard to the Freiburg pathologist Walter Sandritter, 1972.

Hans Robert Jauß , also Hansrobert, Hans-Robert, or Jauss (born December 12, 1921 in Göppingen ; † March 1, 1997 in Konstanz ) was a German Romance studies and literary scholar . He received his doctorate in 1952 at the University of Heidelberg with Gerhard Hess (subject: time and memory in Marcel Proust's <A la recherche du temps perdu>. ) And also completed his habilitation in 1957 with Gerhard Hess in Heidelberg for the subject Romance Philology (subject: investigations into medieval animal poetry ). Appointments were made to Münster (1959), Gießen (1961) and Konstanz (1966), where he was one of the founding professors of the Reform University of Konstanz . There he retired in 1987 .

The focus of research by Hans Robert Jauss was on medieval and modern French literature, genre theory, history and aesthetics. He was a co-founder of the work Outline of the Romanesque Literatures of the Middle Ages and of the research group Poetics and Hermeneutics (1963). As one of the founders of reception aesthetics , he was a representative of the Konstanz School of Literary Studies. 1980 Jauß became a member of the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences . As a visiting professor he has worked in Zurich, Berlin, New York, Yale, Paris, Leuven, Berkeley, Los Angeles, Princeton and Madison.

The Nazi burden of Jauss as an officer in the Waffen SS, his involvement in war crimes, which he denied, as well as his behavior after they became known, gave rise to an international discussion that is still ongoing.

Life

Youth and Career in the Time of National Socialism

Hans Robert Jauß was the eldest of three sons of Robert Jauß and his wife Marianne, née Bührlen. The father, of rural origin, worked as a primary school teacher in Wangen (near Göppingen) , the mother, the daughter of a secondary school teacher, was a trained kindergarten teacher. The Protestant families of the parents had been resident in Württemberg for a long time. The father joined the National Socialist Teachers' Association on January 1, 1933 , and the NSDAP in 1940. The mother became a member of the Nazi women's association in 1934 and joined the German Christians . Later both left the church and now called themselves “ believers in God ”, as did Hans Robert Jauß himself in 1941.
The military historian Jens Westemeier judges: “Even if the parents did not expose themselves to the party, it is due to early and voluntary membership about the NSLB and the Nazi women’s association not only with opportunism, but also with sympathy for National Socialism. "

After attending the elementary school in Wangen in the school year 1932/33, Jauß entered the first class (with Latin as the first foreign language) at the grammar school in Esslingen am Neckar and on October 31, 1934, switched from the third class to the modern language one Reformrealgymnasium Geislingen , which was shortened to eight grades and was renamed Oberschule for boys in 1938. The teaching staff consisted to a large extent of members of the NSDAP. Religious instruction had been replaced by Weltanschauung as a subject and reinforced the new education and teaching concept that had been in effect since the National Socialist seizure of power, with a focus on Nazi-relevant topics such as race, nation, national community, Judaism, the Versailles Treaty, war guilt and communism.
The musical talent of the high school student Jauss, who was one of the best in his class, was encouraged by his parents through private music lessons, the interest in classical music in the school orchestra and in making music together at home on the piano and violin with his brother. In addition, there was an early inclination for philosophy, literature and languages, which was expressed in the young professional desire to become a professor of cultural history.

In the young people of the Hitler Youth , into which he was admitted at the age of 13, he rose to senior junior leader . After the beginning of the Second World War, Jauß volunteered for the SS disposal force and was accepted there as an SS candidate on October 23, 1939 (SS number 401.359); on this day he began his service in the SS replacement battalion "Germany" in Munich . On October 22, 1939, he received his secondary school leaving certificate without an Abitur examination (overall grade: good), since he was "awarded the secondary school diploma on the basis of the proven conscription for military service ...".

In the SS disposal division , now part of the Waffen SS to which the regiment belonged, Jauß took part in the war in the West in the Netherlands, Belgium and France , initially as a simple SS rifleman , later as an SS storm man . From March 1st to May 31st, 1941, he successfully completed a reserve leader candidate course (RFA) at the Waffen SS Unterführerschule Radolfzell (USR) and, after passing the intermediate examination, became SS-Unterscharführer , then at the end of the course, promoted to SS-Oberscharführer and leader candidate. The questions of the final written examination in the subject “Philosophical Education” have been preserved; Among other things, the course participants had to answer the question of whether "membership of the SS can be combined with membership of a Christian community". Westemeier suspects that Jauß 'exit from the church in 1941 was related to this. The course took place at a time when the Dachau KZ external command Radolfzell for the construction of a USR shooting range was being organized and set up on the SS barracks area . On May 19, 1941, the first contingent of around 120 concentration camp prisoners from Dachau arrived and were housed in the two former horse stables of the SS barracks, in the immediate vicinity of the team building in which the course participants were quartered.

On June 1, 1941, Jauß was transferred to the SS Totenkopf Infantry Replacement Battalion II in Prague and a few weeks later he was assigned to the Volunteer Legion "Nederland" , which was set up at the SS military training area in Heidelager near Dębica in the General Government. There he led a grenade launcher - train and received after he had proved in the opinion of his superiors, the rank of second lieutenant . So he belonged to the "SS leader corps". In January 1942, the Legion was put on the march to "replenish" the 2nd Infantry Brigade (motorized) of the Waffen SS in the operational area between Novgorod and Leningrad . As a platoon leader, Jauss took part in battles that served to establish and maintain the siege of Leningrad . On August 1, 1942, he was a leader of machine gun - company , that supervisor of more than a hundred men. The Waffen SS Brigade, to which Jauß belonged at this time, was under the command staff of Reichsführer SS , not the Wehrmacht . It was expressly not set up for use at the front, but for "tasks in the area of ​​command of the higher SS and police leaders", namely to combat and destroy the resistance to the German occupation (" fight against gangs "), but was nevertheless used at times directly at the front. She was u. a. responsible for the shooting of prisoners of war and involved in so-called actions to combat partisans and gangs as well as crimes against civilians.

On November 3, 1942, Jauß submitted an application for “study leave” in order to begin studying philosophy at the University of Strasbourg , but this was rejected because of “urgent troop service concerns”.

In March 1943 the Legion was withdrawn from the 2nd SS Brigade and disbanded; The SS Volunteer Panzer Grenadier Regiment No. 48 " General Seyffardt " was formed from their remains and other SS troops . As a company commander in this regiment, Jauß took part in so-called “pacification actions” (“gang fight”) in Croatia at the end of October and beginning of November 1943 . The SS Panzer Grenadier Brigade Nederland , to which the regiment and Jauss's company were subordinate, committed war crimes such as displacement, looting, pillage, murders and hostage-taking. Westemeier believes it is out of the question that Jauss, as a company commander, had no knowledge of these crimes. According to him, no personal involvement of Jauss in the crimes could be proven, but as a company commander he was jointly responsible for the actions of his unit. Jauß had the trust of his SS superiors and, in their opinion, had proven himself in the previous "fight against gangs".

After Jauß had applied for enrollment at the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Berlin on June 27, 1943 , he was enrolled in history on July 31, 1943, but did not begin his studies because of a simultaneous leave of absence.

On November 9, 1943 - the Nazi memorial day for the " martyrs of the movement " - he was promoted to SS-Obersturmführer. In December 1943 / January 1944 the General Seyffardt Regiment and Jauß 'company were relocated to the Narva in the Leningrad area.

At the end of April 1944, the SS headquarters transferred Jauß to the SS Panzer Grenadier School in Kienschlag (Prosečnice) near Prague as head of the Xth Inspection. On November 9, 1944, he was promoted to SS-Hauptsturmführer of the reserve. Then Jauß was part of the 33rd Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS Charlemagne . There he trained non-German SS members from French-speaking areas.

The Promotions of Jauß in the SS
SS Candidates (October 23, 1939)
SS-Schütze (SS-Mann), SS-Nr. 401 359 (March 25, 1940)
SS-Sturmmann (November 9, 1940)
SS-Unterscharführer, reserve leader candidate (April 20, 1941)
SS-Oberscharführer, candidate reserve leader (May 25, 1941 with effect from June 1, 1941)
SS-Untersturmführer of the Reserve (on September 22, 1941 with effect from September 1, 1941)
SS-Obersturmführer of the Reserve (November 9, 1943)
SS-Hauptsturmführer of the Reserve (November 9, 1944)

War awards from Jauß
Infantry Badge in Bronze (April 1, 1941)
Iron Cross 2nd Class (February 22, 1942)
Wound Badge in Black (April 22, 1942)
Medal Winter Battle in the East 1941/42 (August 1, 1942)
Iron Cross 1st Class (April 7, 1943)
German cross in gold (April 24, 1944)
Close combat clasp in bronze (April 24, 1944)

After a request made on May 22, 1944 , to be allowed to begin studying at the German Reich University in occupied Prague , Jauß was able to attend lectures in Romance philology and history on June 9, 1944 as a student of the Philosophical Faculty, in addition to his military service duties, in addition to his military service . Since Jauss was ordered to the Eastern Front again before August 1, 1944, the university issued a leave of absence for the winter semester.

On April 17, 1945 Jauß was relieved of command of the 58th Battalion of the SS Division Charlemagne by division commander Gustav Krukenberg . He received a marching order from Berlin to the Junker School Tölz, where he is said to have arrived on April 24, 1945. The school was closed, the remnants of the SS were in defensive battles that lasted until the end of the month. Jauß left the school in the direction of the “ Alpine Fortress ”.

According to Jauß 'version of the events that followed, he was taken prisoner of war in Oberammergau on May 2, 1945, offered himself as an interpreter, was released and received papers for the journey home to Geislingen. Jens Westemeier rules out, however, that Jauß was a US prisoner of war, because in this case his SS membership would already have been recognized by the blood group tattoo and he would have been automatically arrested and subsequently interned. He assumes that Jauß went into hiding and made his way to Geislingen, possibly in Wehrmacht uniform and with false papers. His presence in Geislingen has been proven by May 22, 1945 at the latest, and Jauß then hid with relatives for a while.

In the following months, Jauss traveled through the British and American occupation zones to get information about his brother and to seek a place at a university. His forged papers identified him as a sergeant in the 91st Mountain Infantry Regiment and as a refugee from Prenzlau from the east.

Studies and academic career from 1945

On November 13, 1945, Jauß succeeded in obtaining admission to the University of Bonn with forged papers, but at that time he was "wanted by the Allied military authorities" as a highly Nazi victim. On December 17, 1945, four weeks after the start of lectures, he surrendered to the British military government and from December 17, 1945 to January 2, 1948, was held at No. 4 Civilian Internment Camp interned in Recklinghausen.

In a camp school, the internees were able to take part in the lessons of the inmates, elementary school teachers, high school teachers and university professors. Jauß attended courses in languages ​​(Latin, French, Spanish, English), mathematics, physics and business administration, as well as exercises in literary history and philosophy. There were also several hours of daily reading. When he later enrolled at the University of Heidelberg, Jauß was credited with teaching at the camp school as two (instead of the desired four) semesters.

Jauß was served the penalty order on December 12, 1947 by the 3rd ruling chamber of the Recklinghausen verdict court, which was based on two interrogations and written statements in its proceedings - there were neither public hearings nor legal proceedings. Because of his membership in a criminal organization (the SS), Jauß was fined 2000 RM (= Reichsmark ). sentenced, but served because of internment detention. The basis of the judgment was the statements made by Jauß and so-called Persilscheine from teachers, acquaintances and relatives, as well as affidavits that the interned, former SS members issued to each other at will.

After being released from a two-year internship on January 2, 1948, Jauß enrolled at Heidelberg University on October 16, 1948 . He took Romance Philology as a major and history, English and Russian as a minor. His goal was high school teaching and a doctorate. During the application process for enrollment, Jauß stated that he had previously belonged to the Waffen-SS, albeit with the fake addition: "War volunteer with the W-SS, as not possible with the Wehrmacht at that time".
The denazification certificate required for admission to the course was issued by the Göppingen Home Office on the basis of the Recklinghauser penalty notice. On April 23, 1948, the home ruling chamber recognized the verdict of the Recklinghausen ruling court, the proceedings were discontinued and Jauß was classified as a “fellow traveler”. As a comment on the earlier penalty notice, he told the court that the Recklinghauser investigation had shown that he was never involved in criminal acts.
As “exonerated” Jauss now fell under the youth amnesty of 1946, which absolved all those born after January 1, 1919 from political responsibility.

Before starting his studies in Heidelberg in the winter semester of 1948, Jauß conducted intensive language studies at home. From March 1 to July 31, 1948, he attended a Russian course at the interpreting school in Stuttgart, and on October 1, 1948, he passed the state-approved interpreter's examination for French and English.

During his studies in Heidelberg, Hans Robert Jauß worked as an assistant at the Romance Department from December 1, 1949. This was followed by a study visit to Paris of several months in 1950, which also included work on his dissertation.

After four years of study, Jauss was in on December 18, 1952 Gerhard Hess , since 1948 Professor of Romance Philology at the University of Heidelberg and later founding rector of the University of Konstanz, on the theme "Time and Memory in Marcel Proust's temps perdu A la recherche du " . An investigation into the structure of the modern novel received a doctorate summa cum laude .

After completing his doctorate, Jauß became engaged to Helga Dorothea Meyer, a fellow Berlin student who was also studying Romance languages ​​and whom he had met in his first Heidelberg semester. The civil marriage took place at the end of October 1953.

Jauß passed the 1st state examination for teaching at secondary schools and took up a position as a scientific assistant with the rank of civil servant at the University of Heidelberg's Romance Department.

After his habilitation in Heidelberg on July 17, 1957, also with Gerhard Hess, with the subject of investigations into medieval animal poetry , Jauß was appointed lecturer at Heidelberg University on September 22, 1959, where he was due to the frequent absence of the full professor practically ran the business of the Romance seminary. At his instigation, the Romanists Erich Auerbach and Leo Spitzer, who were relieved of their offices and emigrated during the Nazi era, could be won over to a guest lecture or a guest lecture.

On October 1, 1959, Jauß accepted a call as a scheduled associate professor at the Westphalian Wilhelms University in Münster .

In 1961, he was appointed full professor ( professor ) of Romance Philology at the University of Giessen . The public inaugural lecture on November 9, 1961 had the topic: Epic and novel - A comparative consideration of texts of the XII. Century .

After Jauß had turned down an offer at the University of Würzburg in 1965, he was offered a full professorship at the newly founded University of Konstanz on September 10, 1965 . The public inaugural lecture on April 13, 1967 was titled: What does it mean and at what end does one study literary history?

Together with Clemens Heselhaus , Hans Blumenberg and Wolfgang Iser , Jauß had founded the research group Poetics and Hermeneutics in Gießen in 1963 , to which Reinhart Koselleck also belonged and some of whom had already worked together in Heidelberg in the interdisciplinary study group “ Semper apertus ”. Jauß was considered the group's spiritus rector .

During his time in Konstanz, Jauß created the basis of trust for an exchange of ideas between the representatives of the two different systems in the German - German dialogue with colleagues from the GDR in the sense of "change through rapprochement" with emphasis on common traditions.

At the meeting of the philosophical-historical class on October 18, 1980, Jauß was elected a full member of the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences . He was a member of the Academia Europaea , the Accademia dei Lincei in Rome and an honorary member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences , an honorary doctorate from the University of Iași , and honorary chairman of the German Romanist Association .

Numerous visiting professorships took Jauß to Berlin (1968), to the University of California, Berkeley (1983), to Columbia University New York (1973), to Leuven (1982), Los Angeles (1965), Madison (1986), and the Sorbonne in Paris (1978), to Princeton (1986), to Yale University New Haven (1976), where he turned down an offer in April of the same year, and Zurich (1967).

In a speech on February 11, 1987, on the occasion of his retirement, the then rector of the university, Horst Sund , praised Jauß's efforts in setting up the young research institution, especially his efforts in setting up various research groups in Konstanz and his merit for the young one To have made the reform university's project known nationally and internationally. In the previous farewell lecture on The Theory of Reception - Review of its Undetected Prehistory , Jauß put his own efforts within modern literary studies into a discourse that has persisted since antiquity on the question of how texts whose original readers and listeners are no longer alive are updated and can be understood.

After a lecture on February 15, 1997, Hans Robert Jauß died on March 1, 1997 of a stroke in Constance. He was buried in the forest cemetery in Konstanz- Litzelstetten . At the memorial service, a résumé of her husband, written by Ms. Helga Jauß-Meyer, was read out, in which the family's view of Jauß's past was again presented: After finding a confusion of names, the attempt to accuse Jauß of war crimes had failed. For this reason, in the absence of other possibilities to raise accusations, Jauß's membership of the Waffen SS was repeatedly shown in an exaggerated manner. The allegations raised were politically motivated and Jauß was unable to defend himself as a scientist.

The estate of Hans Robert Jauß is in the German Literature Archive in Marbach am Neckar (DLA).

The work

The list of publications 1952–1987 includes 12 independent publications, 78 essays and treatises, 13 titles with a collaboration as editor, 28 reviews and 25 titles under the name Miscellania. In addition, there are the works that appeared after retirement (February 11, 1987) or posthumously .

Look at the main fonts

  • Time and memory in Marcel Proust's “ A la recherche du temps perdu ”. An investigation into the structure of the modern novel .
    The dissertation from 1952 was published in book form (the subtitle was now: a contribution to the theory of the novel ) in two editions in 1955 and 1970, shortened by the 2nd chapter Proust in search of his conception of the novel . The book became fundamental to the German Marcel Proust research of the post-war period and appeared in a third edition in 1986, increased by the previously omitted 2nd chapter of the dissertation and by an afterword in which Jauß describes problems and opportunities that arise for an author a re-encounter after thirty years with his first work. In addition, he goes into aspects and differences between older and newer Proust research. From the latter he mentions the semiotic , rhetorical and deconstructivist reading of Proust's work.
  • Investigations into medieval animal poetry.
    The habilitation thesis from 1957 on the Roman de Renart appeared two years later as a book as part of the supplements of the Zeitschrift für Romanische Philologie . It resulted in a departure from the methods of traditional, positivist literary studies through the “attempt to interpret this medieval text from the perspective of the expectations of its contemporary audience” and to reconstruct the alterity (otherness) of an aesthetic experience that has become “alien to modern man”. The work is a preliminary stage for sketching the aesthetics of reception, as it was given in the inaugural lecture given by Jauß in 1967 in Constance.
  • Literary history as a provocation of literary studies .
    Jauss' public inaugural lecture as professor at the University of Konstanz on 13 April 1967 on the celebration of the 60th anniversary of the rector Gerhard Hess was based on Friedrich Schiller the title What's and at what one study literary history? It was later published several times in a greatly expanded version under the title History of Literature as a Provocation of Literary Studies and translated into over twenty languages. Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht , a student and employee of Jauß who was very critical of his teacher, stated that this font was "one of the great successes in the history of the German humanities". It introduced a change of perspective in literary studies, which is known today as reception aesthetics (also known as the Konstanz school ). Jauß turns against the "traditional methods of historiography in literary studies". He emphasizes the contribution of every generation of readers to the aesthetics of the text and the associated change in it, so that one cannot assume a work that is identical to itself through all times. In 1970 Jauß published the edited inaugural lecture together with three other earlier essays in an anthology under the title History of Literature as Provocation . Two literary-historical contributions on Friedrich Schlegel and Friedrich Schiller as well as on Heinrich Heine , Victor Hugo and Stendhal are framed by two programmatic essays. In a 1974 review,     Bernd Jürgen Warneken primarily criticized its programmatic nature, but saw an important contribution to the “current reform of German studies” and its “strong focus on communication and, above all, impact research”.
  • Alterity and modernity of medieval literature.
    The book, published in 1977, combines essays from the years 1956–1976. In the introductory article, Jauss addresses the fundamental problems and difficulties that modern readers encounter when dealing with medieval poetry. Both the hermeneutical and the historical side of the problem are discussed. Through the introduction of the hermeneutic concept of alterity and its manifestations in the Middle Ages (e.g. the oral tradition), the description of the alterity of the pre-Copernican medieval world model, the justification of the aesthetic pleasure in the old texts, new approaches in medieval studies are shown. Since the older methods, such as For example, the “positivist research on tradition” and the “idealistic work or style interpretation” according to Jauß are “exhausted” and the new methods (structural linguistics, semiotics, etc.) have not yet succeeded in bringing about a fundamental change, Jauß suggests that To align interest and research in medieval literature with three principles: "the aesthetic pleasure, the strange otherness and the model character of medieval texts". An attempt should be made to “discover the modernity of medieval literature in its alterity”, whereby modernity does not mean an uncritical actualization (modernism), but rather the “recognition of the meaning of medieval literature”.
  • Aesthetic experience and literary hermeneutics .
    In 1982, towards the end of his academic career, Jauss published a revised version of the work of the same name, the first volume of which was published in 1977, with Aesthetic Experience and Literary Hermeneutics . In the first part of the work, Jauß substantiates the thesis that aesthetic experience that is made in aesthetic activity, be it productive, receptive or communicative, can be recorded both phenomenologically and historically. Part II revolves around the problem of question and answer in a functional story and examines its aesthetic relevance in the analysis of Julie ou la Nouvelle Eloïse by Jean-Jacques Rousseau and     The Sorrows of Young Werther by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe . The III. Part first deals with the problem of the terms “horizon” and “dialogical understanding”, then shows paradigms how different horizons (literary and “lifeworld”) are conveyed, and finally, in an analysis of the poem Spleen II from Les fleurs du times by Charles Baudelaire to apply aspects of reception aesthetics.
  • Paths of Understanding
    The book from 1994 is a union of writings from 1985–1993 and is the last publication to appear during Jauß's lifetime. In the preface the author explains the title and content of the three parts of the work. The plural “ways” is intended to express that there is not just one way that is valid for all for understanding in any form, be it understanding a person's statement in a speech or understanding a text. Always new and differently asked questions enable access to the understanding of previously unrecognized aspects.
  • Problems of understanding .
    In 1999 a collection of works from the last years of Jauß's life appeared posthumously under the title Problems of Understanding . He gave the lecture The understanding of history and its limits on the occasion of the colloquium History, Nature, Anthropology on 14/15. February 1997 in Konstanz shortly before his sudden death on March 1, 1997. The selected articles from the collection were edited by Rainer Warning and provided with an epilogue in which the editor had one of the central concerns of Jauß's work, the problem of understanding Classes conditions and possibilities in the overall work of the literary scholar and shows his development process.

Excursus: Exposing the SS past and the "Jauß case"

Jens Westemeier has documented the development of the "Jauß case" into the "Jauß case" in detail.

Since 1979 there have been increasing inquiries about Jauß's membership of the SS. During his visiting professorships at US universities, they became “more burning”. The French Foreign Ministry intervened at the University of Toulouse as early as 1982, so that an honorary doctorate that had been prepared for a long time was not received. In the 1980s, he was denied entry to the United States. The Princeton University rejected the proposal for a honorary membership in the Modern Language Association of America and the "Paul Getty Center" in Santa Monica drew a pledged, visiting professor for the academic year 1987/1988 back.

In 1988, Jauss publicly stated that although he was a member of SS units that had committed crimes, he himself was never involved. In 1947, he had further declared to the verdict court that he had no knowledge of the "mistreatment and murder of Jews". Although he was aware of the existence of a concentration camp , he never heard of "atrocities and murders" there. "Occasionally" he did find out "from the bulletin of the SS and police courts" of "any attacks", "which were, however, punished accordingly". He was "not unaware" that prisoners of war had been shot in the east, but only out of retaliation. Of war crimes of the Waffen-SS he had never even heard of. This applies not only to the SS divisions to which he belonged, but to the entire Waffen SS.

In Germany, there was a broader public discussion only from the mid-1990s. It was triggered by the US scientist Earl Jeffrey Richards with an essay in a French publication who stated that in academic circles “everyone who wanted to know” would have known about it. He was able to point out other documents that prove Jauß 'attempts to cover up his SS past. Richards also advocated the thesis that certain elements in Jauß 'literary theories - especially his accentuation of the "alterity" (otherness) of the literature of the past - were to be associated with Jauß' denial of the continuity of his own biography. His pupil Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht accused Jauß of not providing information about his work in the Waffen SS, the period up to December 1945 or the period from late 1945 to 1948, during which he was allegedly a prisoner of war, and that he and his generation "The burden of the terrible past, for which they dared not stand up," passed on to the next generation.

On September 6, 1996, the French daily Le Monde published an interview with Hans Robert Jauß in Konstanz-Litzelstetten by the French scientist Maurice Olender under the heading L'étrangeté radicale de la barberie nazie a paralysé une génération d'intellectuels in the presence of his student and successor Karlheinz Stierle . Jauß avoided questions about his Nazi past and did not relate the problem of moral guilt to himself, but to the generation of his teachers (Martin Heidegger, Hans-Georg Gadamer), who, in his opinion, felt no guilt or shame.

An artistic processing of Jauß's SS career, written in 2014 by the Konstanz lawyer and playwright Gerhard Zahner , the play The List of Unwanted People, which premiered in November 2014 in the Audimax of the University of Konstanz, sparked a new discussion. Cinematically, the material was edited in 2015 by the director Didi Danquart with The Inaugural Lecture .

This was followed by an order from the University of Konstanz to have Jauß's membership of the Waffen SS from 1939 to 1945 scientifically examined. In April 2014 she entrusted the Potsdam historian and expert for the Waffen-SS Jens Westemeier , assisted by the contemporary historian Jan Erik Schulte , a specialist in the history of the SS, who reconstructed Jauß's biography, ideological roots and SS career should.

The discussion was initially disputed by three members of the professors' emeritus, who accused the rector of practicing a “retrospective test of disposition”, “a prejudice of colleague Jauß” with the theater performance, in which two of them did not participate to expose the University of Konstanz to the “danger” of a “new, false face”. In the counter-speech, other professors rejected criticism of the reviewer as unjustified, saw a university “broad consensus” for illuminating the Jauß biography and performance and discussion as a good contribution to pulling the conversation out of “a gray area of ​​half-knowledge”.

Westemeier presented its expertise on May 20, 2015 at the University of Konstanz, which it published on its homepage at the same time. He sums up:

“ Hans-Robert Jauß was a youth who had been socialized by the National Socialists and was a staunch SS man. A trivialization of his membership of the SS with arguments that Jauß was not yet 18 years old when he joined the SS fails to recognize the politically motivated enthusiasm for war of a high school graduate who had been educated as a National Socialist since 1933 through school and Hitler Youth. Jauss was not a simple follower either in the Hitler Youth or in the Waffen SS. He was actively involved in leadership positions with leadership responsibility in both Nazi organizations and, as an SS leader in the Waffen SS, was highly honored for his personal commitment to the front. At the age of 23 he was one of the youngest SS-Hauptsturmführer in the Waffen SS. Trained himself on an SS leader's course, he conveyed the SS ideology to his men as a company commander and as an inspection chief at a junior school. Jauß worked as an SS leader until the end of the war. Early post-war statements by Jauß contain leitmotifs of this SS worldview. The work presented reconstructs a stringent and coherent SS career in this sense . "

The “elaborated”, “significantly expanded” book edition of the documentation by Jens Westemeier with additional images was published in 2016.

The literature on Jauß also raises the question of whether he can be called a war criminal. In the sense of today's jurisprudence, the concept of functional complicity is important. In his capacity as company commander, Jauß had shared responsibility for the war crimes of his unit, even if he could not be proven to be an active perpetrator. From today's perspective, Jauß can therefore be described as a war criminal. After his death, a clear, legal clarification of the question is no longer possible, since no court can act.

Since the publication of Jens Westemeier's work in 2015 and 2016, it has become possible to conduct the ongoing discussion on Hans Robert Jauß's Nazi past on the basis of scientific research results.

Ottmar Ette judges Westemeier's documentation from 2015:

" This differentiated study brought historiographical results and insights to light that represent new facts and starting points for current and future discussions that can no longer be pushed aside ."

In this sense, the statements of Jauß's student Hans-Jörg Neuschäfer , which are addressed to the Jauß critics, especially Earl Jeffrey Richards, and which were written before Westemeier's research results were published, are given a new light.

“ Exonerating concerns are apparently not welcome when the self-righteous agree that suspicions and suspicions should be used as evidence. Then you can - it seems - with a clear conscience pass over the fifty-year 'remainder' of a life that - verifiably - was honorable. "

A similar testimony to be reassessed comes from the philosopher Dieter Henrich , who met Jauß in Heidelberg in the 1950s and was amazed "that this little man ... had made it to the major", only that Jauß kept quiet about that he was a member of the Waffen SS. Henrich continues:

“ For Jauß it must have been an academic question of survival. If this schematic ostracization had not taken place, then he would rather have spoken more about his past ..... Of course, it is a flaw and arouses suspicion to have been a member of this organization. But if the mere fact that you were 'there' is enough to make your career completely impossible - then you shut up. What else should you do? "

After the presentation of the historical facts of the biography of Hans Robert Jauß, attempts are increasingly being made in the literature to establish or describe a connection between his curriculum vitae, his teaching of understanding (hermeneutics) and the so-called "Jauß system" and the consequences for future literary studies and Romance studies to draw. This future orientation takes into account that the aesthetics of reception (Gumbrecht calls it the “export hit” of the Konstanz School) is recognized worldwide, but its importance has declined and is viewed by some researchers as a method of the past. According to Frank-Rutger Hausmann's understanding , Ottmar Ette wants to show “how one must read Jauß in the future, because no one could ever read it again without prejudice”, and Hausmann himself judged: “An SS past that has been denied against all evidence is a singular flaw which also devalues ​​later intellectual abilities! ” Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht, on the other hand, a Jauß student, employee and critic of his teacher, says:

“ I think even if one were to come to the conclusion that there was some influence from that past on the work, the work remains significant. ...... I myself consider it rather unlikely that the work of my academic teacher was influenced by his war crimes. Other memories bother me more. For example, that someone with this past started a dissertation on the work of memory in the work of Marcel Proust as the first scientific work. There seems to have been a constant temptation, probably a preconscious temptation, to grapple with issues that might be related to his past . "

Paul Ingendaay asks:

“ Would first-time readers of the Konstanz School not only have to feel the traces of the demon, Hitler's footprint, as it were, in the philology of Hans Robert Jauß, but also have to decouple them? That would be overstated. "

Publications (selection)

  • Time and memory in Marcel Proust's “ A la recherche du temps perdu ”. A contribution to the theory of the novel. (= Heidelberg Research. Issue 3). Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, Heidelberg 1955. (2nd, revised edition Heidelberg 1970). (At the same time dissertation University of Heidelberg 1952). 3rd, completed edition (= Suhrkamp Taschenbuchwissenschaft. No. 587). In this edition: 1st edition. Suhrkamp Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1986, ISBN 3-518-28187-9 .
  • Investigations into medieval animal poetry. (= Journal for Romance Philology, Supplement. 100). Niemeyer, Tübingen 1959. (Also habilitation thesis University of Heidelberg 1957).
  • Outline of the Romanesque literatures of the Middle Ages . Edited by Hans Robert Jauß, Erich Köhler , Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht , Ulrich Mölk a . a. Carl Winter University Press, Heidelberg 1972 -.
  • Chanson de geste et roman courtois au XIIe siècle (analyze comparative du Fierabras et du Bel Inconnu). In: Chanson de geste and courtly novel: Heidelberg Colloquium, January 30, 1961. (= Studia Romanica No. 4). Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, Heidelberg 1963, pp. 61–77.
  • History of literature as a provocation of literary studies (= Konstanz University Speeches, edited by Gerhard Hess. No. 3). Verlag der Druckerei und Verlagsanstalt Konstanz Universitätsverlag, Konstanz 1967, (2nd edition 1969).
  • History of literature as a provocation. (= edition Suhrkamp. No. 418). 1st edition. Suhrkamp Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1970.
  • Small apology for aesthetic experience. With art-historical remarks by Max Imdahl (= Konstanzer Universitätsreden. No. 59). University Press Konstanz, Konstanz 1972.
  • Alterity and modernity of medieval literature. Collected essays 1956-1976 . Wilhelm Fink Verlag, Munich 1977, ISBN 3-7705-1488-2 .
  • Aesthetic experience and literary hermeneutics. 1st edition. Suhrkamp Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1982, ISBN 3-518-57617-8 .
  • The lost time. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe: In the present past. In: Marcel Reich-Ranicki (Ed.): Frankfurter Anthologie. Poems and interpretations . Volume 10, Insel Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1986, pp. 87-91.
  • The literary postmodernism - a look back at a controversial threshold of epochs. In: Yearbook of the Bavarian Academy of Fine Arts. Volume 4, 1990, pp. 310-332.
  • Studies on the change of epochs in aesthetic modernism Suhrkamp Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1990, ISBN 3-518-28464-9 .
  • Ways of understanding. Wilhelm Fink Verlag, Munich 1994, ISBN 3-7705-2982-0 .
  • The theory of reception. Review of their unrecognized history. Farewell lecture by Hans Robert Jauß on February 11, 1987 on the occasion of his retirement with a speech by the Rector of the University of Konstanz Horst Sund (= Konstanz University Speeches No. 166). Universitätsverlag Konstanz, Konstanz 1998, ISBN 3-87940-336-8 .
  • Problems of understanding. Selected essays . Afterword by Rainer Warning (= Universal Library. No. 9764). Philipp Reclam jun., Stuttgart 1999, ISBN 3-15-009764-9 .

literature

  • Jauß, Hans Robert. In: Romanists Lexicon. ed. by Frank-Rutger Hausmann . Accessible online at lexikon.romanischestudien.de.
  • Luca Farulli, Georg Maag: Hans Robert Jauß: In the labyrinth of hermeneutics. A conversation eighteen years ago. In: Journal for the history of ideas . Volume 4, 2010, pp. 97-114.
  • Horst Sund : Address on the occasion of the retirement of Hans Robert Jauß on February 11, 1987. In: Hans Robert Jauß: The theory of reception - review of its unrecognized previous history (= Konstanz University Speeches No. 166). Universitätsverlag Konstanz, Konstanz 1987, ISBN 3-87940-336-8 . (The volume also includes a 14-page bibliography 1952–1987).
  • Rainer Warning (Ed.): Reception Aesthetics. Theory and Practice (= Uni-Taschenbücher. No. 303). Fink, Munich 1975, ISBN 3-7705-1053-4 .
  • Gerd Irrlitz: Nekrolog Hans Robert Jauss 1921–1997. In: German magazine for philosophy. 1997, pp. 639-647.
  • Manfred Naumann: In- between spaces. Memories of a Romanist. Lehmstedt Verlag, Leipzig 2012, ISBN 978-3-942473-46-0 .

To the "Jauß case"

  • "L'étrangeté radicale de la barberie nazie a paralysé une génération d'intellectuels." Entretien avec HR Jauß. In: Le Monde. (Paris) of September 6, 1996. Also in: Maurice Olender: Race sans histoire . Nouvelle édition. Galaade, Paris 2009, pp. 358-265.
  • Frank-Rutger Hausmann: "Devoured by the vortex of events". German Romance Studies in the “Third Reich”. (= Analecta Romanica . Volume 61). 2nd, revised and updated edition. Verlag Vittorio Klostermann, Frankfurt am Main 2008, ISBN 978-3-465-03584-8 .
  • Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht: My teacher, the man from the SS. Hans Robert Jauß's university career shows how one could become a national republic with a history of Nazism. In: The time. No. 15, April 7, 2011.
  • Jens Westemeier: Hans Robert Jauß, December 12, 1921 Göppingen - March 1, 1997 Konstanz. Youth, War and Internment. Scientific documentation. Online publication by the University of Konstanz, May 2015.
  • Siegmund Kopitzki: “I don't want to be grateful to him”. In: Südkurier. June 6, 2015, features section . (Interview with Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht), available online.
  • Jens Westemeier: Hans Robert Jauß. Youth, War and Internment. Konstanz University Press, Konstanz 2016, ISBN 978-3-86253-082-3 .
  • Ottmar Ette : The Jauss case. Paths of Understanding in a Future of Philology. Kulturverlag Kadmos, Berlin 2016, ISBN 978-3-86599-327-4 .
  • Hannelore Schlaffer : Hans Robert Jauß. Little apology. In: Mercury. No. 805 of June 2016, pp. 79–86.
  • Frank-Rutger Hausmann : The "case" of Hans Robert Jauß. A diptych. In: Romance journal for the history of literature. 41st year, issue 1/2, Universitätsverlag Winter, Heidelberg 2017, pp. 207–220.
  • Julia Amslinger: A new form of academy. Poetics and Hermeneutics - the beginnings . Wilhelm Fink Verlag, Paderborn 2017, ISBN 978-3-7705-5384-6 . (At the same time dissertation at Humboldt University Berlin, 2013).
  • Wolfgang Schuller : Anatomy of a Campaign. Hans Robert Jauß and the public . Leipziger Universitätsverlag, Leipzig 2017, ISBN 978-3-96023-126-4 . (See: Paul Ingendaay: The University as a pillory. Secrecy instead of transparency: Wolfgang Schuller on the posthumous debates about his former Konstanz colleague Hans Robert Jauß. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. No. 4, Friday, January 5, 2018, features section p. 10).
  • Jens Westemeier: The Paradigm SS-Hauptsturmführer Hans Robert Jauß, SS-No. 401 359. In: Danielle Buschinger, Roy Rosenstein (eds.): De Christine de Pizan à Hans Robert Jauss. Etudes offertes à Earl Jeffrey Richards par ses collèges et amis à l'occasion de son soixante-cinquième anniversaire. (= Medievales. Volume 61). Amiens 2017, pp. 465-475.
  • Jens Westemeier: Prof. Dr. Hans Robert Jauß: SS war criminal and West German university professor. In: Wolfgang Proske (Hrsg.): Perpetrators helpers free riders. Nazi victims from Baden-Württemberg. Volume 9: People polluted by the Nazis from the south of what is now Baden-Württemberg . Kugelberg Verlag, Gerstetten 2018, ISBN 978-3-945893-10-4 , pp. 196-206.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ For the different forms of the first and last name see Jens Westemeier: Hans Robert Jauß. Youth, War and Internment . Konstanz University Press, Konstanz 2016, ISBN 978-3-86253-082-3 , p. 288 Note 1 and Ottmar Ette: The Jauss case. Paths of Understanding in a Future of Philology . Kulturverlag Kadmos, Berlin 2016, ISBN 978-3-86599-327-4 , p. 38 note 13 with the note that Hans Robert Jauß himself always signed with “Jauss”.
  2. ^ Jens Westemeier: Hans Robert Jauß. Youth, War and Internment. Scientific documentation. Konstanz 2015, p. 11, see: (PDF) ; there also the previous information.
  3. ↑ It was today's Georgii-Gymnasium Esslingen . (The information from July 19, 2017 about the time at school in Esslingen was provided by Alfred Hottträger, Esslingen, a former teacher at the school).
  4. ↑ It was the predecessor of today's Helfenstein-Gymnasium in Geislingen. (Information from the Geislingen city council from July 18, 2017).
  5. ↑ s. Documentation Westemeier (2015) page 25.
  6. ↑ The regular Abitur exams were to take place in the spring of 1940.
  7. ^ Jens Westemeier: Hans Robert Jauß. Youth, War and Internment. Scientific documentation. Konstanz 2015, see: (PDF) , WS. 16-26; Quote, p. 26.
  8. ↑ Cf. fundamentally: Christian Harten: Himmler's teacher. The ideological training in the SS 1933–1945. Paderborn, Verlag Ferdinand Schöningh 2014; for training at the USR in particular cf. Markus Wolter: Radolfzell under National Socialism - The Heinrich Koeppen barracks as the location of the Waffen SS. In: Writings of the Association for the History of Lake Constance and its Surroundings. Volume 129, Ostfildern, Thorbecke 2011, p. 267 f., There also the examination questions of the RFA course 1941 (digitized version)
  9. ^ Jens Westemeier: Hans Robert Jauß. Youth, War and Internment. Scientific documentation. Konstanz 2015, p. 38ff., See: (PDF) . The exam questions were as follows: “1. What does Greater Germanic Empire mean? 2. Why did the 2nd Kingdom fall apart? 3. What races is the German people composed of? 4. Can membership of the SS be combined with membership of a Christian community? ”; see ibd, p. 38.
  10. ↑ Markus Wolter: The SS Garrison Radolfzell 1937–1945. In: City of Radolfzell am Bodensee, Department of City History (Hrsg.): Radolfzell am Bodensee - The Chronicle. Stadler, Konstanz 2017, ISBN 978-3-7977-0723-9 , pp. 268–303, here the chapter Dachau in Radolfzell - The concentration camp external command 1941–1945. P. 288 ff.
  11. ↑ Jürgen Kilian, Wehrmacht and Occupation Rule in the Russian Northwest 1941–1944. Practice and everyday life in the military administration area of ​​Army Group North, Paderborn / Munich / Vienna / Zurich 2012, p. 159f.
  12. ^ Jeff Rutherford: Combat and Genocide on the Eastern Front. The German Infantry's War, 1941-1944. Cambridge 2014, p. 237.
  13. ^ Terje Emberland, Matthew Kott: Himmlers Norge, Nordmenn i den storgermanske Prosjekt, Oslo 2012.
  14. ^ Jens Westemeier: Hans Robert Jauß. Youth, War and Internment. Scientific documentation. Konstanz 2015, see: (PDF) , p. 50.
  15. ^ Jens Westemeier: Hans Robert Jauß. Youth, War and Internment. Konstanz University Press, Konstanz 2016, ISBN 978-3-86253-082-3 , pp. 87-88.
  16. ↑ All information in this section based on: Jens Westemeier: Hans Robert Jauß. Youth, War and Internment . Konstanz University Press, Konstanz 2016, ISBN 978-3-86253-082-3 , pp. 68ff.
  17. ↑ Prosečnice .
  18. ^ Ernst Klee : The culture lexicon for the Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945. S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2007, ISBN 978-3-10-039326-5 , p. 282.
  19. ↑ Hans-Otto Dill : "Weltschauich", A German career. In: young world . August 12, 2016.
  20. ↑ taken from: Jens Westemeier: Hans Robert Jauß. Youth, War and Internment. Konstanz University Press, Konstanz 2016, p. 285.
  21. ↑ taken from: Jens Westemeier: Hans Robert Jauß. Youth, War and Internment. Konstanz University Press, Konstanz 2016, pp. 285–286.
  22. ↑ In his later civil service career, Jauß untruthfully allowed this study period, which took a little more than five weeks, to be counted as a training period from April 1 to September 30, 1944.
  23. ↑ Hans-Otto Dill: "Weltschauich", A German career. In: young world. August 12, 2016.
  24. ↑ For details on this, see Westemeier (2016) pp. 134–137.
  25. ^ Jens Westemeier: Hans Robert Jauß. Youth, War and Internment. Konstanz 2016, p. 104.
  26. ^ Jens Westemeier: Jens Westemeier: Hans Robert Jauß. Youth, War and Internment . Konstanz University Press, Konstanz 2016, ISBN 978-3-86253-082-3 , p. 106.
  27. ^ Jens Westemeier: Hans Robert Jauß. Youth, War and Internment. Konstanz University Press, Konstanz 2016, p. 179.
  28. ↑ On the term cf. David Schwalbe: burden. Federal Ministry of the Interior. 2020.
  29. ↑ Earl Jeffrey Richards: "Generational Change" or "Paradigm Shift"? Curtius and Jauß: The Problem of Continuity in European Literature. In: Ernst Robert Curtius e l'identità culturale dell'Europa. (Atti del XXXVII Convegno Interuniversitario (Bressanone / Innsbruck), July 13-16, 2009). Padua 2009, p. 217.
  30. ↑ Details on the organization and life of the prisoners at Jens Westemeier: Hans Robert Jauß. Youth, War and Internment . Konstanz University Press, Konstanz 2016, ISBN 978-3-86253-082-3 , pp. 185-194.
  31. ↑ Hans-Otto Dill: "Weltschauich", A German career. In: young world. August 12, 2016; Siegmund Kˈlintʃeopitzki: The case of Hans Robert Jauß: a past that does not want to pass. In: Südkurier . January 25, 2015. Jens Westemeier: Hans Robert Jauß. Youth, War and Internment . Konstanz University Press, Konstanz 2016, ISBN 978-3-86253-082-3 , p. 197.
  32. ^ Jens Westemeier: Hans Robert Jauß. Youth, War and Internment . Konstanz University Press, Konstanz 2016, ISBN 978-3-86253-082-3 , p. 201.
  33. ↑ The monthly salary was 100 DM.
  34. ↑ The following information from Jens Westemeier: Hans Robert Jauss. Youth, War and Internment . Konstanz University Press, Konstanz 2016, ISBN 978-3-86253-082-3 , p. 209 and p. 210. See also Die Eiserne Lady from Litzelstetten and the student from the very beginning. In: suedkurier.de from January 19, 2017. Helga Meyer, geb. on December 23, 1926 in Berlin, was persecuted by the National Socialists as a Jew on the basis of the Nuremberg Race Laws. Like Jauß, she studied Romance philology and received her doctorate on August 12, 1952 in Heidelberg under Gerhard Hess on the subject: The French drama of the 20th century as a drama of repetition . (see German National Library Frankfurt http://d-nb.info/480306028 call number U 52.4684).
  35. ↑ The two witnesses were Gerhard Hess, Jauß 'and Helga Meyer's doctoral supervisor and Hans Hinterhäuser .
  36. ↑ The position was endowed with a basic salary of 540 DM.
  37. ↑ Ulrich Raulff: There is a doorkeeper in front of the archive. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. No. 177, August 2, 2017, Geisteswissenschaften , p. N 3. (Photo of an old card index box with labeled index cards from the German Literature Archive in Marbach with the following image text: Tried to choose goat. The card index box in which the Romanist Hans Robert Jauß the The material he collected for his habilitation thesis on medieval animal poetry is an invitation to dismantle the taxonomic building and reassemble it again. In this way, fellow researchers become recipients. )
  38. ↑ Leo Spitzer gave his guest lecture in the summer semester of 1958. The script, based on tape recordings, was published after Spitzer's death (September 16, 1960, Forte dei Marmi).
    Leo Spitzer: Interpretations on the history of French poetry . Edited by Helga Jauß-Meyer and Peter Schunck. Self-published by the Romance Seminar of the University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 1961. (In the preface signed by Kurt Baldinger, Gerhard Hess, Hans Robert Jauß and Erich Köhler, Jauss emphasizes that in his interpretations Spitzer “at the end of his path expressly from the strictly work-immanent explanation of the New Critics and thus also from his own beginning of his 'étude a-historique d'un texte' and the legitimacy of a history of poetic forms ... [acknowledges]) "
  39. ^ First published in: News of the Giessen University Society . Volume 31, 1962, pp. 76-92. Printed in: Alterity and Modernity of Medieval Literature. Collected essays 1956-1976 . Wilhelm Fink Verlag, Munich 1977, ISBN 3-7705-1488-2 , pp. 310–326. The French version (translated by Karl August Ott ): Chanson de geste et roman courtois au XIIe siècle (analyze comparative du Fierabras et du Bel Inconnu). In: Chanson de geste and courtly novel: Heidelberg Colloquium, January 30, 1961. (= Studia Romanica No. 4). Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, Heidelberg 1963, pp. 61–77.
  40. ↑ s. on this: literary history as a provocation of literary studies .
  41. ↑ Julia Wagner: Beginning. On the constitutional phase of the research group “Poetics and Hermeneutics”. In: International Archive for the Social History of German Literature. (IASL) 35. 2010, pp. 53–76. See also Julia Amslinger: A new form of academy. Poetics and Hermeneutics - the beginnings . Wilhelm Fink Verlag, Paderborn 2017, ISBN 978-3-7705-5384-6 . (Also dissertation at Humboldt University Berlin, 2013), p. 10 ff.
  42. ↑ Latin "always open", motto of the University of Heidelberg.
  43. ↑ s. in addition: Karlheinz Stierle: The group poetics and hermeneutics. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. January 28, 2009. Features .
  44. ↑ Jauß delivered the inaugural speech (without title) on May 30, 1981 (information from the Secretariat of the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences on July 10, 2017).
  45. ↑ Hans Robert Jauß: The theory of the reception - review of their unrecognized prehistory. Farewell lecture by Hans Robert Jauß on February 11, 1987 on the occasion of his retirement with a speech by the Rector of the University of Konstanz, Horst Sund. (= Konstanz University Speeches. No. 166). Universitätsverlag Konstanz, Konstanz 1987, p. 43 f.
  46. ↑ The mirror. No. 11, March 10, 1997, p. 239.
  47. ↑ The pain of parting and gratitude. For the funeral of Hans Robert Jauß in Litzelstetten. In: Südkurier. March 7, 1997, quoted in Jens Westemeier: Hans Robert Jauß. Youth, War and Internment . Konstanz University Press, Konstanz 2016, ISBN 978-3-86253-082-3 , p. 256.
  48. ↑ s. Hans Robert Jauß: The theory of reception - review of its unrecognized prehistory. (= Konstanz University Speeches. No. 166). Universitätsverlag Konstanz, Konstanz 1987, pp. 51-64.
  49. ↑ This chapter appeared separately as an article in Romanische Forschungen 66 (1955).
  50. ↑ For example in Paul de Man: Proust et l'allégorie de la lecture (1972).
  51. ↑ Hans Robert Jauß: Aesthetic experience and literary hermeneutics . Suhrkamp Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1982, p. 692.
  52. ↑ Jürgen Grimm , Frank-Rutger Hausmann , Christoph Miething: Introduction to French literary studies. (= Metzler Collection. Volume 148). 4th edition. JP Metzlersche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart a. a. 1997, ISBN 3-476-14148-9 , p. 178.
  53. ↑ “ What does universal history mean, and at what end? “Is the title of Friedrich Schiller's inaugural lecture in Jena on May 26, 1789.
  54. ↑ 1967 and 1969 in Konstanz, 1970 in Frankfurt. A reprint in: Rainer Warning (Ed.): Reception aesthetics. Theory and Practice (= Uni-Taschenbücher . No. 303). Fink, Munich 1975, ISBN 3-7705-1053-4 .
  55. ↑ Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht : My teacher, the man from the SS. In: Zeit-online. April 7, 2011, p. 1.
  56. ↑ Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht: My teacher, the man from the SS. In: Zeit-online. April 7, 2011, p. 1.
  57. ↑ On the relationship between Gumbrecht and Jauß, see also: Jens Westemeier: Hans Robert Jauß. Youth, War and Internment . Konstanz University Press, Konstanz 2016. S. 238-240.
  58. ^ Richard J. Murphy: History of literature as a provocation of literary studies. In: Rolf Günter Renner, Engelbert Habekost (ed.): Lexicon of literary theoretical works (= Kröner pocket edition. Volume 425). Alfred Kröner Verlag, Stuttgart 1995, p. 220.
  59. ^ Richard J. Murphy: History of literature as a provocation of literary studies. In: Rolf Günter Renner, Engelbert Hebekost (ed.): Lexicon of literary theoretical works (= Kröner pocket edition. Volume 425). Alfred Kröner Verlag, Stuttgart 1995, p. 220.
  60. ↑ Bernd Jürgen Warenken: On Hans Robert Jauß 'program of a reception aesthetic. In: Peter Uwe Hohendahl (Ed.): Social history and aesthetic effects. P. 290.
  61. ↑ All quotations from: Hans Robert Jauß: Alterity and modernity of medieval literature. Collected essays 1956-1976 . Wilhelm Fink Verlag, Munich 1977, ISBN 3-7705-1487-4 / 1488-2, pp. 9-47.
  62. ↑ Aesthetic Experience and Literary Hermeneutics . Volume I: Experiments in the Field of Aesthetic Experience . Wilhelm Fink Verlag, Munich 1977. (The work was translated into several languages ​​and in the revision from 1982, which was published by Suhrkamp Verlag, Frankfurt am Main, supplemented by Part II: Studies on the Hermeneutics of Question and Answer and Part III: Der poetic text in the changing horizon of understanding ).
  63. ^ Richard J. Murphy: Aesthetic Experience and Literary Hermeneutics. In: Rolf Günter Renner, Engelbert Hebekost (ed.): Lexicon of literary theoretical works (= Kröner pocket edition. Volume 425). Alfred Kröner Verlag, Stuttgart 1995, p. 12.
  64. ↑ Ottmar Ette: A hermeneutics of silence. In: Ottmar Ette: The Jauss case. Paths of Understanding in a Future of Philology . Kulturverlag Kadmos, Berlin 2016, ISBN 978-3-86599-327-4 , pp. 63–74.
    s. on this: Frank-Rutger Hausmann: The "case" of Hans Robert Jauß. A diptych. In: Romance journal for the history of literature. University Press Winter, Heidelberg. Issue 1/2 (2017), p. 219.
  65. ^ Jens Westemeier: Hans Robert Jauß. Youth, War and Internment. Konstanz University Press, Konstanz 2016, ISBN 978-3-86253-082-3 , especially p. 227 f.
  66. ↑ Earl Jeffrey Richards: "Generational Change" or "Paradigm Shift"? Curtius and Jauß: The Problem of Continuity in European Literature. In: Ernst Robert Curtius e l'identità culturale dell'Europa. (Atti del XXXVII Convegno Interuniversitario (Bressanone / Innsbruck), July 13-16, 2009). Padua 2009, p. 227.
  67. ↑ Earl Jeffrey Richards: "Generational Change" or "Paradigm Shift"? Curtius and Jauß: The Problem of Continuity in European Literature. In: Ernst Robert Curtius e l'identità culturale dell'Europa. (Atti del XXXVII Convegno interuniversitario (Bressanone / Innsbruck), July 13-16, 2009). Padua 2009, p. 229.
  68. ↑ On the academic rejections: Jens Westemeier: Hans Robert Jauß. Youth, War and Internment. Scientific documentation. Konstanz 2015, p. 4, see: (PDF)
  69. ↑ Earl Jeffrey Richards: "Generational Change" or "Paradigm Shift"? Curtius and Jauß: The Problem of Continuity in European Literature. In: Ernst Robert Curtius e l'identita culturale dell'Europa. (Atti del XXXVII Convegno Interuniversitario (Bressanone / Innsbruck), July 13-16, 2009). Padua 2009, p. 229.
  70. ↑ On the academic rejections: Jens Westemeier: Hans Robert Jauß. Youth, War and Internment. Scientific documentation. Konstanz 2015, pp. 19, 51, see: (PDF)
  71. ^ Jens Westemeier: Hans Robert Jauß. Youth, War and Internment. Scientific documentation. Konstanz 2015, p. 4, see: (PDF)
  72. ^ Earl Geoffrey Richards: La conscience européenne chez Curtius et chez ses détracteurs. In: Jeanne Bem and André Guyaux (eds.): Ernst Robert Curtius el l'idée d'Europe . Paris 1995, pp. 257–286, quoted in: Jens Westemeier: Hans Robert Jauß. Youth, War and Internment. Scientific documentation. Konstanz 2015, p. 5, note 7, (PDF)
  73. ↑ Earl Jeffrey Richards: Coming to terms with the past after the Cold War. The Hans Robert Jauß case and understanding. In: Germanists. Journal of Swedish Germanists 1 (1997), pp. 28–43. See also Joachim Fritz-Vannahme : Ethics and Aesthetics. In: The time . No. 38/1996; Otto Gerhard Oexle: Two Kinds of Culture. On the culture of remembrance of German humanities scholars after 1945. In: Rechtshistorisches Journal. Volume 16, 1997, pp. 358-390.
  74. ↑ Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht: My teacher, the man from the SS. Hans Robert Jauß's university career shows how one could become a national republican with a history of Nazism. In: The time. April 7, 2011, p. 62.
  75. ↑ fr. "The radical strangeness of the Nazi barbarism has paralyzed a generation of intellectuals."
  76. ↑ S. Jens Westemeier (2016), pp. 249–250.
    Frank-Rutger Hausmann: "Devoured by the vortex of events". German Romance Studies in the “Third Reich”. (= Analecta Romanica . Volume 61). 2nd, revised and updated edition. Verlag Vittorio Klostermann, Frankfurt am Main 2008, ISBN 978-3-465-03584-8 , pp. 679-680. Note 52
  77. ^ Didi Danquart: The Inaugural Lecture . Film based on the play “The List of Unwanted” by Gerhard Zahner. With Luc Feit as Hans Robert Jauß. Written and directed by Didi Danquart. A Didi Danquart and Bastian Klügel film 2015.
  78. ↑ Siegmund Kopitzki: The case of Hans Robert Jauß: A past that does not want to pass. In: Südkurier. January 25, 2015. (online)
  79. ↑ The University of Konstanz published an initial statement in a press release on November 19, 2014 ( memento of December 6, 2014 in the Internet Archive ).
  80. ↑ Siegmund Kopitzki: The case of Hans Robert Jauß: A past that does not want to pass. In: Südkurier. January 25, 2015.
  81. ^ Jens Westemeier: Hans Robert Jauß. Youth, War and Internment. Scientific documentation. Konstanz 2015, see: (PDF) ; see. on this: Volker Breidecker: The two lives of Hans Robert Jauß. Crime and Understanding: The University of Konstanz had the SS past of its co-founder researched. In: Süddeutsche Zeitung . No. 116. May 22, 2015, p. 12; also: Siegmund Kopitzki: The hero of his trade. In: Südkurier. July 22, 2015, (online)
  82. ^ Jens Westemeier: Hans Robert Jauß. Youth, War and Internment. Scientific documentation. Konstanz 2015, see: (PDF) , p. 116.
  83. ^ Jens Westemeier: Hans Robert Jauß. Youth, War and Internment. Konstanz University Press, Konstanz 2016, ISBN 978-3-86253-082-3 .
  84. ↑ Ernst Köhler : From Scandal to Contemporary History - About the Nazi past by Hans Robert Jauss. In: Südkurier. January 13, 2017; Ahlrich Meyer : The past of the Romanist Hans Robert Jauss. Fake documents, embellished biography. In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung . October 26, 2016. (online)
  85. ^ Claude Haas: Disturbances. New publications on the case of Hans Robert Jauß . Blog from January 30, 2017 by the Center for Literature Tund Kulturforschung Berlin, accessible via zflprojekt.de
  86. ↑ Ottmar Ette: The Jauß case. Paths of Understanding in a Future of Philology . Kulturverlag Kadmos, Berlin 2016, ISBN 978-3-86599-327-4 , p. 22.
  87. ^ Hans-Jörg Neuschäfer: Erich Auerbach in the context of time. With a look back at Heidelberg in the fifties. In: Matthias Bormuth (Ed.): Open horizon. Yearbook of the Karl Jaspers Society. Wallstein Verlag, Göttingen 2014, ISBN 978-3-8353-1560-0 , p. 220.
  88. ↑ s. also Peter Schunck : windfalls in autumn. Insights and memories. Verlag La Brede, Speyer (production: Books on Demand, Norderstedt), 2003, ISBN 3-8311-4419-2 , pp. 343-348.
    Peter Schunck (born 1928 in Merseburg, doctorate in Heidelberg 1955, habilitation in Gießen 1970, 1972–1996 professor for French and Italian language and literature at the University of Mainz, Germersheim branch) received in 1959 after the early death of Wolf-Eberhard Traeger ( Wolf-Eberhard Traeger: Structure and thought guidance in Montaigne's essays . Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, Heidelberg 1961 (also dissertation Heidelberg 1959)) offered by Jauß the assistant position at the Romance seminar of the University of Heidelberg. Regarding Earl Jeffrey Richard's criticism of Jauß, Schunck says in his memory book (p. 346, the names are abbreviated with the initials): “This was the case with the American lecturer R., who applied for a professorship in Germany, but based on an opinion by J. had no success. He did not forgive him and pursued him with all the tendrils of a failed little ghost. “For Schunck, Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht's criticism of Jauß is part of the “ general abuse ”from which Jauß suffered greatly because it called his moral integrity into question and Jauß's attempt to justify himself without a clear charge of guilt was in vain . Schunck can vouch for himself that Jauß did not commit any wrongdoing. He always spoke openly about his war past. But it had been forgotten, "especially since he could not prove the slightest crime ". For Schunck it is certain that the public hunt organized on Jauß contributed to his unexpected death and he ends with the statement that human behavior was also possible “in the uniform with the swastika ”.
  89. ^ Dieter Hensch: Heidelberg after Karl Jaspers - Polychrome memories. A conversation with Matthias Bormuth, Ulrich von Bülow and Georg Hartmann. In: Matthias Bormurh (Ed.): Open horizon. Yearbook of the Karl Jaspers Society. Wallstein Verlag, Göttingen 2014, ISBN 978-3-8353-1560-0 , p. 125.
  90. ↑ The rank corresponding to the SS rank of Jauß was captain, not major.
  91. ↑ Condemnation according to the procedure of the ancient broken court.
  92. ↑ The expression chosen by Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht to characterize the so-called “Konstanz School”.
  93. ↑ s. the titles by Ottmar Ette, Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht and Frank-Rutger Hausmann mentioned in the bibliography.
  94. ↑ Frank-Rutger Hausmann: The "case" Hans Robert Jauß. A diptych. In: Romance journal for the history of literature. 41st year, issue 1/2 Universitätsverlag Winter, Heidelberg 2017, pp. 214f.
  95. ↑ Frank-Rutger Hausmann: The "case" Hans Robert Jauß. A diptych. In: Romance journal for the history of literature. 41st year, issue 1/2 Universitätsverlag Winter, Heidelberg 2017, p. 214 and p. 220.
  96. ↑ Siegmund Kopitzki: “I don't want to be grateful to him”. In: Südkurier. June 6, 2015, features section .
  97. ^ Paul Ingendaay: Debate about Hans Robert Jauß. Retrospection produces demons. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. June 16, 2016, features section .
  98. ↑ A complete list of publications (1952–1987), compiled by Hans Robert Jauss, can be found in the appendix by Hans Robert Jauss: The theory of reception - review of its unrecognized prehistory. Farewell lecture by Hans Robert Jauss on February 11, 1987 on the occasion of his retirement with a speech by the rector of the University of Konstanz, Horst Sund (= Konstanzer Universitätsreden. No. 166). Universitätsverlag Konstanz, Konstanz 1987, ISBN 3-87940-336-8 , pp. 50-64.
  99. ↑ Parts of the interview on “youtube”. Keyword: The Jauß case - book presentation with film screening and discussion evening. Three-part video recording of the event of the Center Marc Bloch, Berlin on June 14, 2016 with the participation of Ottmar Ette, Jens Westemeier, Didi Danquart and Maurice Olender with book presentations by Ette, Westemeier, a screening of the film The Inaugural Lecture by Didi Danquart and a lecture about his interview with Jauß von Olender. The excerpt from the interview with Jauß is in the 3rd part of the recording. See also: Paul Ingendaay: Debate about Hans Robert Jauß. Retrospection produces demons. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. June 16, 2016. Features . Also available at faz.net.
  100. ^ Reviews: Hans-Otto Dill: A German career. In: young world. August 12, 2016. (online) , Werner von Koppenfels : A war criminal and survivor. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. No. 234, October 7, 2016, p. 12. (Review by Jens Westemeier (2016) and Ottmar Ette (2016).)
  101. ^ Jens Westemeier: Hans Robert Jauß. Youth, War and Internment . Konstanz University Press, Konstanz 2016, ISBN 978-3-86253-082-3 , pp. 264-265. Westemeier sees this article as an example of the “soft paintings” in Jauß's career. The Romance scholar Albrecht Buschmann also takes a critical look at Schlaffer's text in his essay Fuehrer and Ledge (in: Tagesspiegel of June 15, 2016).
personal data
SURNAME Jauß, Hans Robert
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Jauss, Hans Robert
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German literary scholar and Romance philologist
DATE OF BIRTH December 12, 1921
PLACE OF BIRTH Goeppingen
DATE OF DEATH March 1, 1997
Place of death Constancy