Idzików

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Idzików
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Idzików (Poland)
Idzików
Idzików
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Lower Silesia
Powiat : Kłodzko
Gmina : Bystrzyca Kłodzka
Geographic location : 50 ° 16 ′  N , 16 ° 42 ′  E Coordinates: 50 ° 16 ′ 0 ″  N , 16 ° 42 ′ 0 ″  E
Height : 420-520 m npm
Residents : 630
Postal code : 57-512
Telephone code : (+48) 74
License plate : DKL
Economy and Transport
Street : Bystrzyca Kłodzka - Stronie Śląskie
Next international airport : Wroclaw



Idzików (German: Kieslingswalde ) is a village in the powiat Kłodzki in Poland. It belongs to the urban and rural municipality Bystrzyca Kłodzka , from which it is located six kilometers southeast.

geography

Idzików is located in the south of the Kłodzko Basin on the 392 voivodship road, which leads from Bystrzyca Kłodzka to Stronie Śląskie . Neighboring towns are Nowy Waliszów in the north, Kamienna and Marcinków in the northeast, Marianówka in the southeast, Wilkanów in the southwest, Pławnica in the west and Stary Waliszów in the northwest.

history

Kieslingswalde was first mentioned in 1340 as Kyselingswald . It belonged to the Habelschwerdter district in the Glatzer Land , with which it shared the history of its political and ecclesiastical affiliation. As early as 1384 it was the parish for the surrounding villages; For this year Kieslingswalde is listed in the directory of parish churches in the Glatzer deanery. In the old days it consisted of three knights' seats ( Nieder -, Mittel - and Oberhof ) as well as a free judge and a leasehold estate , which mostly belonged to different owners. All goods were initially lordly fiefdoms that were inherited by the emperor in the first half of the 17th century .

During the Thirty Years' War Kieslingswalde was plundered and the church robbed in 1622 by Polish troops who fought on the side of the emperor. 35 people were killed in Kieslingswalde, 17 in Plomnitz and two people in Glasegrund. In 1629 thieves broke into the church. Further looting took place in 1647 by the imperial troops.

Between 1720 and 1730 all shares from Kieslingswalde came to General Franz Paul von Wallis on Plomnitz . He died around 1737 without a biological heir, so that the Grafschafter estates Plomnitz, Kieslingswalde, Glasegrund , Weißbrod , Altwaltersdorf and Kaiserswalde as well as Friedrichswald in Bohemia fell to his brother Georg Olivier von Wallis , who already owned the Kunzendorf , Wallisfurth , Seitenberg and others. On his death in 1743, Georg Olivier left behind the underage son Stephan Oliver, who came from his second marriage to Maria Theresia von Kinsky .

After the Silesian Wars , Kieslingswalde and the County of Glatz fell to Prussia in 1763 with the Peace of Hubertusburg .

In 1783, Stephan Olivier von Wallis sold Kieslingswalde together with all of the lordships he had inherited in the county of Glatz to the Silesian hereditary master builder Friedrich Wilhelm von Schlabrendorf on Hassitz and Stolz. This sold Kieslingswalde with Plomnitz as well as the rule Seitenberg to Franz Bernhard von Mutius on Altwasser and Gellenau . In 1792 he sold Kieslingswalde with Glasegrund to Ernst von Sack as well as Plomnitz, Weißbrod and Kaiserswalde to his brother Friedrich von Sack. Around 1792 Ernst von Sack laid out a new village on Kieslingswalder Grund, which he named Steingrund . In 1795 he sold the Niederhof to Johann Carl Pelke and the Oberhof and Mittelhof as well as Glasegrund and Steingrund to the royal Prussian colonel Gisbert Freiherr von der Hemm in Neuwaltersdorf and Konradswalde. A year later, he also acquired the Niederhof, so that all Kieslingswald shares were reunited under one owner. In 1794 he sold Neuwaltersdorf and Konradswalde and subsequently resided at the Mittelhof in Kieslingswalde, where he founded the colonies of Neudorf and Marienau . In 1804 he moved to Grottkau and sold Kieslingswalde with the associated villages of Glasegrund, Steingrund, Neudorf and Marienau to Count Anton Alexander von Magnis in Eckersdorf .

For the year 1805 there are records in Kieslingswalde: a parish church, a parsonage, a school, three manorial outbuildings , three Kretschame , four flour and two board mills , 30 farmers, 136 gardeners , cottagers and other jobs.

After the reorganization of Prussia, Kieslingswalde belonged to the province of Silesia since 1815 and was initially incorporated into the district of Glatz. In 1818 it was reclassified to the Habelschwerdt district .

As a result of the Second World War , Kieslingswalde fell to Poland in 1945, like almost all of Silesia, and was renamed Idzików . The German population was expelled. Since numerous houses and farms were left to decay in the post-war years, the population decreased significantly. 1975-1998 Idzików belonged to the Wałbrzych Voivodeship (German Waldenburg ).

The Niederhof

The Niederhof (also Niederkieslingswalde ) was a knight's seat, whose first known owner was Dipprand von Gelhorn in 1578, who also owned Wölfelsdorf and Urnitz . Since he died without heirs, the Niederhof fell as a settled fiefdom to the emperor, who sold it to Georg Primster von Kammerstein in 1590, after whom the Niederhof was also called the Primster . He was married to Margaretha von Pannwitz from Albendorf and died in 1610. His son Georg, who was married to Magdalena von Mosch from Arnsdorf , inherited the Niederhof . In 1614 he was stabbed to death by Friedrich von Zischwitz from Scheidewinkel at Altwaltersdorfer Mittelhof at his brother-in-law Georg von Pannwitz. His underage daughter, who married Hans Friedrich von Deichsel in 1639, became the heiress. He sold his Wernersdorfer estate and acquired the Kieslingswalder Niederhof. After his death in 1659 he was followed by his son Georg Siegmund von Deichsel. This was a man's legal assessor and acquired a share of Altwaltersdorf and around 1691 also the Kieslingswalder Mittelhof including the Freirichtergut. Since he died in 1701 with no heirs , his widowed sister Elisabeth von Sandersleben became the heir to his possessions. In 1706 she sold the Mittelhof with the Freirichtergut and the share of Altwaltersdorf to her son Johann Heinrich. She sold the Niederhof to her second son, Johann Siegmund, who in 1724 sold the Niederhof to Count Franz Paul von Wallis on Plomnitz, who subsequently also acquired all of the other shares in Kieslingswalde.

The middle courtyard

The Mittelhof (also Mittelkieslingswalde ) was also a knight's seat and belonged to the von Podetyn family around 1400 . In 1465 Heinze Schaffgotsch owned it on Hertwigswalde , from whom it presumably came to his son of the same name, who resided in Heinzendorf and who also owned shares in Ober - and Niederhannsdorf , Altwaltersdorf and Rengersdorf . His daughter married Christoph Rederer ( Röderer ) around 1520 , who sold the Mittelhof to Hans von Reichenbach in 1530 . His son Balthasar acquired the Freirichtergut in 1578. After his death around 1600 he was followed by his son Georg Hieronymus von Reichenbach, who in 1603 sold the Freirichtergut to Georg Ölsner. Since Georg Hieronymus von Reichenbach was involved in the Bohemian class uprising , his goods were confiscated by the emperor in 1625. In 1627 the Mittelhof was owned by Dipprand von Seidlitz , and in 1652 by Johann George von Seidlitz. For 1661 Johann Friedrich Krumkrieger von Ziersberg is recorded as the owner of the Mittelhof, which also owned Oberullersdorf . Around 1664 he sold the Mittelhof to Edmund von Götten, the chief regent of the imperial chamber estates of the County of Glatz, who already owned the Freirichtergut. The Mittelhof and the Freirichtergut came to Georg Siegmund von Deichsel through his widow or their heirs in 1690. He died in 1701 without any descendants, his widowed sister Anna Elisabeth von Sandersleben inherited his property. Her son Johann Heinrich von Sandersleben sold the Mittelhof together with the Freirichtergut around 1720 to Count Franz Paul von Wallis on Plomnitz, who already owned the Niederhof.

The Oberhof

The Oberhof (also: Oberkieslingswalde ) was at the top end of the village and belonged to Bernhard von Podetyn in the middle of the 14th century, with whose descendants he stayed until the end of the 15th century. After Hans von Podetyn died without descendants, the Oberhof fell to Duke Heinrich the Elder as a settled fief . Ä. in his capacity as Count von Glatz, who in turn awarded him as a fief of the widow of his stable master, Margareta nee von Pock. She sold the Oberhof to her brother Albrecht von Pock in 1517. In 1540 the Oberhof came to Fabian von Reichenbach, who two years later sold it to Niklas von Burghaus. In 1560 the Oberhof belonged to Wolfgang von Geisler, who was followed in 1565 by his son Karl von Geisler. After his death in 1591 the Oberhof fell as a settled fiefdom to Emperor Rudolph II , who sold it to Georg von Ullersdorf in 1603. In 1607 he was a member of the male lawyer at Glatz and was stabbed to death in a duel by Bernhard von Haugwitz auf Eisersdorf , his son-in-law's brother, at a christening dinner in Melling . His son Hans von Ullersdorf sold the Oberhof and the Mittelhof in 1622 to his cousin Hans von Ullersdorf, who was married to Susana von Pannwitz auf Albendorf. Because of his participation in the Bohemian class uprising, he also lost half of his possessions in 1625. After his death in 1642 Kaspar von Schenkendorf acquired the Oberhof, which was followed in 1643 by his son Wolfgang Heinrich. In 1653 the Oberhof was acquired by Wolfgang Bernhard von Güsner, from which it passed to his son Georg Sigmund von Güsner in 1709. In June 1723 he sold the Oberhof to Count Franz Paul von Wallis on Plomnitz, who already owned all the other shares in Kieslingswalde, except for the free farm.

The Freirichtergut

The first free judge known by name was a glazier Reichel, who sold a steelworks in 1412 and whose descendant Hanus Reichel is mentioned in 1465. After numerous changes of ownership, the Freirichtergut came to the Oberregent of the imperial chamber estates in the county of Glatz, Edmund von Götten. After he had also acquired the Mittelhof, he connected the Freirichtergut with it.

The freehold estate

Originally the freehold estate was probably a fiefdom that was acquired by the nobles and subsequently freed by robots and inherited. Around 1600 it was owned by Jakob Kisling, whose heirs sold it in 1604 to Georg von Ullersdorf, who already owned the Oberhof. In 1631 it came to Kaspar von Schenkendorf, who also bought the Oberhof. He sold the freehold estate to Georg Milde around 1650. Georg Ölsner is registered as the owner of the freehold estate for 1682, which his son Heinrich followed two years later. In 1730 it was owned by Johann Georg von Ölsner, who in the same year sold it to Count General Franz Paul von Wallis, who already owned all the other shares in Kieslingswalde and united the Freirichtergut with his dominion .

Church conditions

The church, mentioned in 1384, was made of wood and was rebuilt from stone in 1480. The parish included three farmers from Plomnitz and a gardener from Kieslingswalde, who were subject to interest and robots . During the time of the Reformation the population turned to the Schwenckfelders and the Anabaptists , after their ban in 1548 to Lutheranism . The church in Kieslingswalde served as a Protestant church for several decades. The Lutheran preacher Caspar Elogius worked on it from 1580 to 1593 . After the imperial re-conquered the county of Glatz in 1622, counter-Reformation measures began, as a result of which the population was re-Catholicized. In 1623 the Lutheran preachers were expelled. Presumably because of a lack of Catholic priests, Kieslingswalde was a branch church of Wölfelsdorf from 1623 to 1665. The three farmers from Plomnitz and the gardener from Kieslingswalde, who were confiscated by the feudal lords during the time of the religious turmoil, were not returned to the church. The right of patronage over the church of Kieslingswalde, which had been exercised by the landlords until then , fell back to the Bohemian sovereign in 1625. Later the right of patronage was granted by the Emperor Ferdinand III. divided. One half was awarded to the owners of the upper and lower courtyards, the second half was sold to the Hyazinth Ebner von Kriglachstein on Plomnitz in 1684 for 100 florins by the imperial auction commission. After the shares were merged under one owner, the owner of the village of Kieslingswalde was entitled to the right of patronage alone.

After the reestablishment of the Kieslingswalde parish in 1665, Georg Maximilian von Podhorský served as Catholic pastor here. He came from Landskron in Bohemia and was transferred to Schönfeld as pastor in July 1666 . Later he rose to the position of Apostolic Protonotary and Canon of Leitmeritz and in 1677 received the Vicariate and Dean's Office of the County of Glatz.

At the beginning of the 18th century the following villages were parish after Kieslingswalde: Plomnitz, Glasegrund, Steingrud, Neudorf, Marienau and Neuplomnitz.

Attractions

Parish Church of the Assumption
  • The Parish Church of the Assumption ( Kościół Wniebowzięcia NMP ) was first mentioned in 1340. The late Gothic stone building was built between 1450 and 1480 and rebuilt in the 16th century and 1630. In 1794 the church was enlarged and redesigned in baroque style. It has a rich interior: The Pietà is from 1515, the Renaissance font with heraldic cartouches from 1588 and the early Baroque pulpit from 1679. The high altar with the "Madonna in the Radiant Wreath" and the sculptures of Saints Barbara, Catherine, Johannes Nepomuk, Antonius and via the gates Florian and Georg from the second half of the 18th century, Michael Klahr the Elder. Attributed to J. The ceiling painting of the "Coronation of Mary" was created by the Frankenstein painter Josef Krachwitz. The steeple is from 1674.
  • The sandstone figure of St. John Nepomuk in front of the church was made in 1740–1747.
  • Of the former manor houses are still partially preserved:
    • The middle courtyard was roughly in the middle of the street village and was first mentioned in 1477. From 1804 it served as the seat of the von Magnis family's property administration .
    • In the eastern part of the village are the ruins of the Oberhof from the 16th century.
    • The Niederhof was built in 1569, rebuilt in 1705 and fundamentally redesigned in the 19th century.
  • On the mountain slope north of the upper village there are five large rocks known as Pasterskie Skały . They are remains of a conglomerate bank that were created when the layers of chalk subsided . According to legend, four shepherd boys and a farmer were turned into rocks here for blasphemy.

Personalities

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Dietmar Zoedler : Silesian glass - Silesian glasses . Würzburg 1996, ISBN 3-87057-208-6 , p. 219