Krosnowice

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Krosnowice
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Krosnowice (Poland)
Krosnowice
Krosnowice
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Lower Silesia
Powiat : Kłodzko
Gmina : Kłodzko
Geographic location : 50 ° 24 ′  N , 16 ° 38 ′  E Coordinates: 50 ° 24 ′ 0 ″  N , 16 ° 38 ′ 0 ″  E
Residents : 3000
Postal code : 57-362
Telephone code : (+48) 74
License plate : DKL
Economy and Transport
Rail route : Wrocław – Międzylesie railway line
Next international airport : Wroclaw



Krosnowice (German Rengersdorf ) is a village in the powiat Kłodzki in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship in Poland. It is located six kilometers south of Kłodzko ( Glatz ), to whose independent rural community it belongs.

geography

Krosnowice lies in the valley of the Glatzer Neisse . Neighboring towns are Pilcz and Kłodzko in the north, Jaszkowa Dolna in the north-east, Marcinów in the south-east, Żelazno in the south, Topolice and Starków in the south-west, Stary Wielisław and Stary Wielisław Dolny ( Niederaltwilmsdorf ) in the north-west. To the west lies the 400 m high mountain Polana ( Plattenhübel ).

history

Parish church St. Jakobus in the center
chapel

Rengersdorf was probably named after its locator Renger and was first mentioned in 1326 as Ringirsdorf or Rengerzdorf . In that year, the Patriarch of Grado and twelve bishops issued a letter of indulgence drawn up in Avignon to all those believers a 40-day discount for sins, which the Church of St. Jacob in Rengersdorf and its affiliate church of St. Jakob in Eisersdorf on certain feast days and attended masses and sermons there. This means that this year it was already a parish with several branch churches. There is also evidence of a manor for this year. Other spellings of the place name are known for 1363 Rengeri villa , for 1369 Reyngersdorf , for 1386 Regensdorf and for 1396 Reygensdorf . Rengersdorf has belonged to the Glatzer Land since the earliest times , with which it shared the history of its political and ecclesiastical affiliation. It consisted of several shares, which were mostly given to different owners as fiefs .

The main property was the dominant portion, which was initially referred to as the earthenware or the central courtyard , later as the castle courtyard . This was a hereditary knight's seat, to which the upper and lower courts, the hunting rights and the patronage over the parish church belonged. It belonged to the Lords of Pannwitz ( Panevicz ) , who came from Bohemia, until the 17th century . The oldest known owner was Wolfram von Pannwitz in 1327. This year, together with his brothers Titzko and Mathias, the Bohemian King John of Luxembourg assigned him the right of patronage over the Rengersdorf parish church. 1341-1346 he held the office of the Glatzer burgrave . For 1411 Hans I. and for 1454 Hans II. Von Pannwitz is proven. This also owned the front and back yard as well as most of the farmers and gardeners from Rengersdorf and Albendorf . In 1484 he also acquired the Rengersdorfer Freirichtergut . Whose sons Otto and Johannes d. J. shared the inherited property in 1494. Otto, who founded the Rengersdorf line of Pannwitz, inherited the front and castle courtyard and the village of Glasendorf, which went out in 1768 with the Königgrätz canon Johann Franz von Pannwitz.

In 1506 Otto von Pannwitz sold the Freirichterei, in 1507 the village of Glasendorf. In 1539 the castle courtyard was owned by his grandson Christoph († 1574), who was married to Walburga von Haugwitz from Birgwitz . Their son Otto bought the Niedermärzdorf estate in 1585 . His son of the same name acquired the Freirichtergut in addition to the inherited estates in Rengersdorf and Niedermärzdorf. Because of his participation in the Bohemian class uprising in 1618 , after the conquest of the County of Glatz by the imperial family in 1622, he lost the higher courts and patronage over the parish church, whose pastor was the dean Hieronymus Keck . After Otto von Pannwitz's death in 1624, his sons Otto, Christoph and Dietrich initially lost all property. After converting to Catholicism , they got the confiscated goods back. Since they could not raise the imposed fines, they ceded the "Aspenbusch" belonging to the castle courtyard to the royal chamber , which established the chamber village of Aspenau in this area in 1698 . After Otto and Christoph died without male descendants, Dietrich was the sole owner of the feudal estate from 1660. The allodial goods were initially confiscated and in 1662 sold to Gualter Ambros Wolter von Liebenfeld, physicist of the county, with the highest bidder . After his death in 1678, his heirs sold the courtyard of the widow Barbara Helena von Pannwitz, nee von Schenkendorf, as guardian of their sons Hans Heinrich and Hans Dietrich, who already owned the upper and lower courtyards. After they came of age in 1686, they jointly took over the property. In 1710 Maria Karolina von Herberstein , née von Zierotin , bought the indebted property . After her death in 1719 the property was inherited by her son Johann Anton von Herberstein, who died on July 6, 1720 in Prague. His widow Maria Antonia von Liechtenstein became heiress . In 1721 she married Count Franz Leopold Wilhelm von Waldstein and sold her estate in Rengersdorf to the imperial commander of the Glatz Fortress, Karl Maximilian Mitrovsky von Nemischel. He built the Rengersdorf Castle in 1729–1730 and had the previous manorial residential buildings demolished. After his death, his wife Maria Anna, née. Countess of Wallis from Kunzendorf as guardian for the underage son Franz Paul Mitrovsky von Nemischel. He took over his father's estate in 1755 after he had come of age. He was married to Maria Eleonora von Frobel from Neuwaltersdorf and died in 1765.

After the Silesian Wars , Rengersdorf and the County of Glatz came to Prussia in 1763 with the Peace of Hubertusburg . Since the estate was again heavily in debt after the death of Franz Paul von Mitrowsky, it was auctioned by Count Johann Gundacker von Herberstein auf Grafenort in 1769 , but sold it to the royal Prussian district administrator Karl Wenzel von Prittwitz in 1770 . It was bought by the widow Franziska Reichsgräfin von Schlegenberg in 1778, and ten years later she also acquired the former Jesuit property in Altbatzdorf from the royal school office .

After the reorganization of Prussia, Rengersdorf belonged to the province of Silesia since 1815 and was incorporated into the district of Glatz from 1816–1945 , with which it remained connected until 1945. In the middle of the 19th century, the industrialist Hermann Dietrich Lindheim built a textile factory that employed 750 workers. With the commissioning of the section of the railway line from Glatz to Mittelwalde in 1875 and that of the Bieletalbahn in 1897 , there was another economic boom.

As a result of the Second World War , Rengersdorf fell to Poland in 1945, like almost all of Silesia, and was initially renamed Rankowo , and in 1946 Krosnowice . The German population was expelled. Some of the new residents were displaced from eastern Poland . 1975-1998 Krosnowice belonged to the Wałbrzych Voivodeship (German Waldenburg ).

Flood disasters

The village was last hit by catastrophic floods in 1997, 2006, 2007 and 2009. Therefore, a 500 meter long protective dam and a retention basin for 1.5 million cubic meters of water are to be built by 2016 to prevent further disasters. The planned retention basin is to be set up in the bed of the Duna brook and cover an area of ​​40 hectares.

Ignaz Reimann Festival

The autumn session of the Albendorf International Ignaz Reimann Festival has been taking place in Krosnowice since 2007 (in addition to the summer session in Albendorf ). At that time the representatives of the Albendorfer Sanctuary and the Albendorfer Reimann Society had agreed on this. In the country where the spheres of influence of three cultures (Germans, Czechs, Poles) combine - and this fact had a lasting impact on Ignaz Reimann's work - different choirs from Germany, Poland and the Czech Republic and sometimes from other countries meet every year, to sing the works of the gifted schoolmaster together at his place of work and to celebrate his memory.

Attractions

Krosnowice Castle ( Rengersdorf ), 2014
  • The parish church of St. Jakobus d. Ä. ( Kośćiół Św. Jakuba ) was originally a Gothic hall church. 1728–1734 it was baroque and has a rich interior: The carved Madonna dates from around 1400, the triptych is from 1520. The baptismal font from 1590 is with the coats of arms of the von Pannwitz, von Haugwitz , von Zedlitz , von Schellendorf, decorated by Rothkirch and by Redern . Michael Klahr the Elder Ä. the main altar with the crucifixion group and the architectural side altars are attributed to Holy Trinity and St. Laurentius. His son Michael Klahr d. J. created the pulpit 1780–1790 as well as the figures of the hll in 1794–1802. Franz-Xaver, Thekla, James and Holy Trinity. The late Gothic winged altar from 1520 shows the coronation of Mary as well as the hll. Barbara and Katharina. It was donated in the 19th century by the landlord and patron saint, Baron Humbrecht. Furthermore, the church used to keep the Lion Madonna , made from linden wood around 1370 , which is now in the Germanic National Museum in Nuremberg .
  • The church is surrounded by a defensive wall from the 15th century. In the covered corridor there are bas-relief stations of the Cross from 1793 and numerous epitaphs .
  • The chapel ( ossuary ) next to the church dates from the 18th century.
  • The palace with a Renaissance portal to the east of the church was the manor of the von Pannwitz family. It was rebuilt from 1729–1730 by the landlord Maximilian Mitrovsky von Nemischel and had been owned by the Humbrecht family since 1821.

Personalities

  • Franz Nitschke (1808–1883), pastor of Rengersdorf, member of the Prussian state parliament and from 1881 to 1883 grand dean and vicar of the County of Glatz
  • Ignaz Reimann (1820–1885), worked in Rengersdorf as a teacher, church musician and composer
  • Heinrich Reimann (1850–1906), musicologist, organist and composer
  • Robert Stein (1857–1917), German-American translator, author and polar explorer
  • Georg Hentschel (* 1941), professor emeritus for exegesis and theology of the Old Testament at the University of Erfurt

literature

Web links

Commons : Krosnowice  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Marek Šebela, Jiři Fišer: České Názvy hraničních Vrchů, Sídel a vodních toků v Kladsku . In: Kladský sborník 5, 2003, p. 377
  2. ↑ Inv. No. Pl. O. 276 Germanisches Nationalmuseum Nürnberg : Lion Madonna , Lower Silesia, around 1370.