Stary Wielislaw

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Stary Wielislaw
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Stary Wielisław (Poland)
Stary Wielislaw
Stary Wielislaw
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Lower Silesia
Powiat : Kłodzko
Gmina : Kłodzko
Geographic location : 50 ° 24 '  N , 16 ° 34'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 24 '2 "  N , 16 ° 33' 52"  E
Residents : 950
Postal code : 57-313
Telephone code : (+48) 74
License plate : DKL
Economy and Transport
Street : Kłodzko - Polanica-Zdrój
Rail route : Kłodzko – Kudowa-Zdrój
Next international airport : Wroclaw



Stary Wielisław (German Altwilmsdorf , Czech Stará Jesenice ) is a village in the powiat Kłodzki in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship . It is eight kilometers west of Kłodzko (Glatz) , to whose independent rural municipality it belongs.

geography

Stary Wielisław is located on the historic road connection from Prague via Königgrätz and Glatz to Wroclaw. Neighboring towns are Szalejów Górny and Szalejów Dolny in the north, Stary Szalejów Dolny ( Niederaltwilmsdorf ) in the east, Starków and Starkówek in the south, Nowy Wielisław in the west and Wolany in the north-west. The 400 m high Plattenhübel ( Polana ) rises to the south .

history

Pilgrimage Church of St. Catherine

Altwilmsdorf was laid out as a row village and was called Wilhelmsdorf in older times . It belonged to the Glatzer Land , with which it shared the history of its political and ecclesiastical affiliation from the beginning, and was a parish with a parish church as early as the 13th century. It was first mentioned in a certificate of indulgence from 1300.

The village went down in history through the battle of Altwilmsdorf , which took place on December 27, 1428 on the nearby Red Mountains between the Hussites and Glatzer and Silesian armies and in which Duke Johann from Münster and around 400 of his fellow soldiers were killed.

After the neighboring colony of Neuwilmsdorf was founded in 1564, the previous Wilhelmsdorf was renamed Altwilmsdorf . March 15, 1575, Emperor Maximilian II, in his capacity as King of Bohemia, exchanged Altwilmsdorf, which had been a Bohemian chamber estate until then , with Gut Kostomlath , which had belonged to the Glatzer provost of the Augustinian canons since 1352 . This made Altwilmsdorf Stiftsland the Glatzer Augustinian Canons. Because of the religious turmoil as a result of the Reformation , Provost Christoph Kirmeser renounced the Augustinian monastery and the associated properties in favor of the Glatzer Jesuits in 1597 . In 1613 they acquired the Altwilmsdorfer Oberhof from Seifried von Falkenhain , which until then had belonged to the Koritau lordship . At the beginning of the Thirty Years' War the Jesuits were driven out; In 1624 they got their possessions back.

From 1604 to 1622 dean Hieronymus Keck was pastor of Altwilmsdorf, which was the only remaining Catholic parish in the County of Glatz during his tenure from 1618 to 1622. The Altwilmsdorf rectory became a place of refuge for many persecuted people. Keck himself was captured in January 1620 and - because of his loyalty to the Emperor Ferdinand II - brought to the Glatzer prison as a traitor . It was not until the imperial troops retook Glatz that Keck was released on October 28, 1622. In the following years he made great contributions to the re-Catholicization of the Glatzer country. The villages of Neuwilmsdorf , Falkenhain , Neufalkenhain, Nesselgrund and Alt- and Neubatzdorf belonged to the Altwilmsdorfer parish .

After the First Silesian War in 1742 and finally with the Peace of Hubertusburg in 1763, Altwilmsdorf came to Prussia together with the County of Glatz . The Jesuit order initially retained all rights, even after its dissolution by the Pope. In 1787, however, the Prussian state took over the Altwilmsdorfer Stiftsgut along with the entire Jesuit property and sold it in 1788 to the Prussian Minister of State Friedrich Wilhelm Graf von Reden .

After the reorganization of Prussia, Altwilmsdorf belonged to the province of Silesia from 1815 and was incorporated into the district of Glatz from 1816–1945 . On February 28, 1874, the district of Altwilmsdorf, consisting of the rural communities Altbatzdorf, Altwilmsdorf and Soritsch and the estate districts of Altbatzdorf, Niederaltwilmsdorf and Oberaltwilmsdorf was formed. In 1939 there were 1361 inhabitants.

As a result of World War II , Altwilmsdorf fell to Poland in 1945, like almost all of Silesia, and was renamed Stary Wielisław . The German population was expelled in 1946 . Some of the new residents were displaced from eastern Poland , which had fallen to the Soviet Union. 1975-1998 Szalejów Górny belonged to the Wałbrzych Voivodeship (German Waldenburg ).

Place of pilgrimage Altwilmsdorf

Altwilmsdorf is said to have been a well-known place of pilgrimage as early as the 15th century. The veneration of Mary goes back to the miraculous activity of a Gothic statue of the Madonna , which is venerated as Our Lady of Sorrows and also dates from the 15th century. The legend tells that the unlucky Wilmsdorf farmer Schneider was told in a dream to have a statue of Our Lady of Sorrows made for the altar of the church . He followed this inspiration, whereupon his fate is said to have turned for the better. Although the Hussites burned the church down in 1428, the miraculous image was miraculously preserved and the veneration of the Wilmsdorf Mother of God increased.

For the spiritual accompaniment of pilgrims and believers, Arnestus-Verlag in Glatz published a devotional book with the title Contemplation of the Seven Sorrows of the Holy Mother of God for the devotions of Sorrows in the parish church in Altwilmsdorf on the seven Sundays after the feast of the Visitation of the Virgin Mary , which is also many Marian songs contained.

Altwilmsdorf, however, did not achieve the reputation of the great Grafschafter pilgrimage sites Albendorf and Wartha . When the Maria Schnee pilgrimage church, built in 1782, gained increasing popularity, only a few closed processions came to Altwilmsdorf.

In 2001 Pope John Paul II awarded the Altwilmsdorf Church the title of International Shrine of the Mother of God of Sorrows .

Attractions

Parish and pilgrimage church

Main altar of the pilgrimage church

The Parish and Pilgrimage Church of St. Catherine ( Kościół Św. Katarzyny ) was rebuilt a few years later after it was burned down by the Hussites in 1428 and expanded in the 16th century with the addition of aisles. It was destroyed again in the Thirty Years War and then rebuilt. In the 18th century an extension and a renovation in the baroque style took place. From this time come:

  • The main portal with the flat relief of St. Catherine
  • The high altar with the figure of St. Katharina in the aureole of the crowning
  • The figures of hll. Gregory and Augustine in the reredos
  • The figures of hll. Ambrose and Hieronymus over the gates
  • The figures of hll. Johannes Nepomuk and Franz Xaver in front of the church

The miraculous image of Our Lady of Sorrows from the 15th century is also in the reredos. The forged renaissance lattice dates from 1600.

The oval wall enclosure with the two-storey gate from 1569 gives the church a medieval, defensive appearance. The three chapels and the covered walkway open to the inside were built in the 17th and 18th centuries. Century built.

The cemetery is located between the wall enclosure and the church. The cemetery chapel is baroque and dates from the 18th century. It was extensively renovated in 2005.

Hussite Chapel

Memorial chapel for Duke Johann von Münsterberg

The chapel, which has stood on the eastern edge of the village for centuries, was built to commemorate Duke Johann von Münsterberg, who was killed during the Hussite Battle. Around 1800 it was rebuilt and enlarged by the property owner at the time, but had to be torn down when the railway connection from Glatz to Rückers was built. In the years 1904–1905 it was rebuilt by the manor owner Carl Müller right next to the railroad tracks in neo -baroque style according to plans by the architect Leo Schneider. The ceiling fresco of the chapel comes from the history painter Wilhelm von Wörndle ; it represents the death of the duke.

Others

  • To the west of the church there is a Trinity column from 1682.
  • The plague column in the Neuwilmsdorf farmers' colony, established in 1564, was erected in 1705. It goes back to a vow made in 1680.

sons and daughters of the town

literature

  • Joseph Kögler : The chronicles of the county Glatz . Revised and edited in 1993 by Dieter Pohl . Volume 2: The parish and town chronicles of Glatz . ISBN 3-927830-09-7 , pp. 91-100.
  • Ders .: Volume 2 (1998): The chronicles of the villages, parishes and manors of the old district of Glatz . ISBN 3-927830-15-1 .
  • Dehio Handbook of Art Monuments in Poland, Silesia , Munich / Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-422-03109-X , pp. 871–872.
  • Paul Preis, music and theater life in the city and district of Glatz, part 2, published by Stadt Lüdenscheid 1969.

Web links

Commons : Stary Wielisław  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Marek Šebela, Jiři Fišer: České Názvy hraničních Vrchů, Sídel a vodních toků v Kladsku . In: Kladský sborník 5, 2003, p. 370
  2. ^ Altwilmsdorf district
  3. ↑ gcatholic.org