Imperial and Royal Uhlan Regiment "Prince of Schwarzenberg" No. 2

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The namesake of the regiment - Carl Philipp Fürst zu Schwarzenberg

The association was established in 1790 as the "Uhlan Free Corps" for the Imperial Habsburg army. From this the kuk Uhlan regiment "Fürst zu Schwarzenberg" No. 2 developed in the course of time up to the joint army within the Austro-Hungarian Land Forces

Until 1798 the regiments were named after the regiment owner (who did not have to be the commander). There was no binding regulation of the spelling. (e.g. Count Serbelloni regiment - or Serbelloni regiment.) With each change of ownership, the regiment concerned changed its name.

After the system was changed in 1798, the numbered designation prevailed, which could possibly be linked to the name of the owner.

In 1800 the regiment was given the name of Prince Schwarzenberg and had to lead this "forever" . Despite this, the regiments' names of honor were deleted in 1915 without replacement. From then on the association was only called "kuk Uhlan Regiment No. 2" (This did not prevail, however, in particular the very thrifty kuk military administration had ordered all existing letterheads and stamps to be used up first.)

As an award for the services acquired by the regiment in earlier campaigns, the officers wore the armored chain on the czapka instead of gold-plated metal, as with the other Uhlan regiments, one made of silver.

Formation history

  • In September 1790, three Uhlan divisions set up at O'Donnel's Frei Corps were formed into an independent "Uhlan Frei Corps", which had to bear the name of the respective commander.
  • In 1798 it was converted into a regular Uhlan regiment and as such was given the number 2.
  • 1,801 officers and men were as the root to the newly established Lancers Regiment. 3 released
  • In 1814 batches and men were handed over as a trunk to the newly established Uhlan Regiment No. 4 .
  • In 1860 the 4th Division was transferred to the newly established Volunteer Uhlan Regiment (later Count Trani Uhlan Regiment).

additions

The regiment has been recruited from western Galicia since it was established

  • 1853 from the supplementary district of Infantry Regiment No. 40 ( Rzeszów )
  • 1857–82 from the supplementary districts of infantry regiments No. 40 and No. 57 (Rzeszów and Tarnów )
  • 1883–89 additionally from that of Infantry Regiment No. 20 ( Neu-Sandez ).
  • Since 1889 it was assigned to the area of ​​the I. Corps (Military Territorial District Krakow ) with the addition .

Peace garrisons

I. II. III.
  • 1860 Gyöngyös
  • 1863 Szigetvár
  • 1864-66 Tolna
  • 1866 plague
  • 1867 Rákos-Palota, then Ruma
  • 1870 Tarnów
  • 1876 Brno
  • 1879 Vienna
  • 1884 Tarnów
  • 1914 Staff, I. Div: Tarnow - II. Div: Bochnia

Corps Commanders of the Uhlan Freikorps

  • 1790 Major Bernhard Freiherr von Degelmann (Uhlan Freikorps Degelmann)
  • 1793 Lieutenant Colonel Karl Philipp zu Schwarzenberg (Uhlan Freikorps Fürst Schwarzenberg)
  • 1794 Lieutenant Colonel Johann Graf von Keglevich (Uhlan Freikorps Keglevich)
  • 1796 Lieutenant Colonel Anton Vogl (Uhlan Freikorps Vogl)
  • 1797 Lieutenant Colonel Joseph Freiherr von Motschlitz (Uhlan Freikorps Motschlitz)
Field Marshal Karl Philipp Fürst zu Schwarzenberg with an Ulan from his regiment

Regimental owner

Regimental commanders

  • 1798 Colonel Emmanuel Freiherr von Trach
  • 1800 Colonel Moritz Prince of Liechtenstein
  • 1805 Colonel Ignaz Graf Hardegg
  • 1809 Colonel Carl Schmuttermayer
  • 1812 Colonel Ferdinand Prince Kinsky
  • 1813 Colonel Carl Freiherr von Mengen
  • 1820 Colonel Franz Chevalier Germain
  • 1829 Colonel Franz Graf Lamberg
  • 1834 Colonel Franz Graf Schaaffgotsche
  • 1841 Colonel Carl Freiherr von Lederer
  • 1848 Colonel Friedrich Freiherr von Blomberg
  • 1849 Colonel Wilhelm Ritter von Faber
  • 1854 Colonel Friedrich Freiherr Dlauhowesky von Langendorf
  • 1859 Colonel Friedrich Graf Schaaffgotsche
  • 1864 Colonel Julius Fluck von Leidenkron
  • 1866 Colonel Carl Gelan
  • 1871 Colonel Nicolaus Watzesch von Waldbach
  • 1872 Colonel Ferdinand Meyszner
  • 1877 Colonel Miecislaus Ritter Laszowsky von Kraszkowiecze
  • 1880 Colonel Anton Freiherr von Bechtolsheim
  • 1882 Lieutenant Colonel Georg Bohl
  • 1882 Colonel Oswald Graf Kielmansegg
  • 1889 Colonel Anton Freiherr Malowetz von Malowitz and Kosor
  • 1894 Colonel Anton Freiherr von Hagen
  • 1899–1904 Colonel Karl Georg Count Huyn
  • 1905–1909 Colonel Adolf Ritter von Brudermann
  • 1910–1913 Colonel Albert Ritter Le Gay von Lierfels
  • 1914 Lieutenant Colonel Joseph Lasocki von Lasocino

Mission history

Memorial plaque in the Capuchin Church in Vienna

Coalition wars

  • 1792 : the association was in the Netherlands . Three squadrons were engaged at Bossut.
  • 1793 : Divisions of the corps fought at Neerwind-Tirlemont. Battle of Famars and Valenciennes . Battle at Bassuyan.
  • 1794 : Fights at Landrecies, Pont-á-Marque and Guise.
  • 1795 : Capture of the entrenchments in front of Mainz . Battle at Meisenheim .
  • 1796 : The corps fought first in the battle near Amberg and then near Gießen .
  • 1797 : Security and patrol services on the Lahn .
  • 1799 : The regiment fought near Ostrach and Stockach . Taking the Lucienstiges. Participation in the Battle of Zurich . Award for the regiment after taking the Neckarauer Schanzen (near Mannheim ). Battle near Neckarhausen. Defense of the Neckar Bridge with only 15 men against strong French units.
  • 1800 Battle of Lohdorf (partial battle of the Battle of Messkirch ) and deployment in the Battle of Biberach . Battle of retreat near Lambach. Regimental Commander Prince Liechtenstein and Rittmeister Bogdan received the Military Maria Theresa Order .
  • 1805 : The majority of the regiment was captured by the French through the surrender of Ulm . The escaped joined the corps of Archduke Ferdinand. A squadron took part in the battle of Austerlitz .
  • 1806 : Six squadrons were in the 1st Corps Bellegarde in Germany, two squadrons on the Bohemian-Saxon border. The former took part in the battle at Ursensollen, four squadrons in that at Bersching and Pruck-Nittenau. The day before the Battle of Aspern , the regiment led by Colonel Graf Hardegg in a cavalry battle near Esslingen and was then deployed in the Battle of Aspern, the Battle of Wagram and the Battle of Znaim . Of the squadrons in Bohemia , that of Lieutenant Carl Steindl stood out because, particularly involved in the successful resistance, she saved the city of Eger and the military supplies there. Lieutenant Carl Steindl received the Military Maria Theresa Order for this. Another 19 officers of the regiment received their names that year.

Wars of Liberation

  • 1813 : the regiment was assigned to the Austrian-Bavarian corps of the general of the cavalry Count Wrede . It fought in the defense of Gelnhausen, in the battle of Hanau and on December 31st in the battle of St. Croix.
  • 1814 : Detached to the V Corps of the main army, the unit fought at Brienne, individual units fought at Nogent , Nangis and Troyes . Participation in the battles at Bar-sur-Aube and Arcis-sur-Aube . Regimental commander Colonel Freiherr von Mengen was awarded the Maria Theresa Order for the battles near Hanau and Brienne.

Reign of the Hundred Days

  • 1815 : Security and patrol services in France . No combat activity.

Revolution of 1848/1849 in the Austrian Empire

  • 1848 : The regiment was garrisoned in Hungary . Initially commanded to protect the Banat against the Serbs , the unit voluntarily made itself available to the fortress commander of Arad and, through his presence, caused the withdrawal of the insurgents operating in front of the fortress . Later the regiment was transferred to this fortress to protect Temesvár. From here, departments took part in various forays, as well as in the battles at Engelsbrunn-Lippa, Werschetz, and the provisioning of Arad (battle near Szent Miklós). One squadron stayed in Arad and later took part in the defense of this fortress.
  • 1849 : Departments were involved in a foray against the Iron Gate Pass, the capture of New Arad and the battle near Valemare. Six squadrons took part in the defense of Temesvár and the breakout from the fortress on August 3rd. Skirmish near Freidorf. The 1st Majors Division fought with the southern army of the Banus in the summer campaign and led a battle near Kács. After the relief of Temesvár, the regiment was used to pursue the enemy. After the battle at Kostil it pursued the insurgents to Dobra .

Sardinian war

  • 1859 : Five squadrons marched on Solferino , but arrived too late and could not intervene in the battle. At that time, three squadrons were still in Tyrol .

German war

First World War

During the First World War, the Uhlans were exposed to a wide variety of uses. They fought at first as a cavalryman, but were also used as infantry in all theaters of war. It is not known whether the regiment was used as a closed unit or as a split division cavalry .

Whereabouts

After the end of the war, the association returned to its garrison in West Galicia. There is currently no information as to whether the regiment dissolved itself, was dissolved by the Polish interim government or incorporated into the new Polish army.

Adjustment

  • Adjustment 1790: yellow czapka , grass green kurtka , ponceau red leveling , yellow buttons
  • 1798: grass - later dark green czapka, dark green kurtka and trousers, scarlet equalization, yellow buttons
  • 1865: green tartare, light blue ulanka and trousers, madder red equalization, yellow buttons
  • 1868: dark green Tatarka, light blue Ulanka, madder red bootie trousers and equalization, yellow buttons
  • 1876: dark green czapka, light blue ulanka, madder red leveling and boot pants, yellow buttons

Association membership and status 1914

  • I. Corps - 7th Cavalry Troop Division - 11th Cavalry Brigade
  • Nationalities: 84% Poles - 16% Different
  • Regimental language: Polish

structure

A regiment in the Austro-Hungarian Cavalry usually consisted of three to four (in exceptional cases more) divisions. (A division was used here to refer to a battalion-strength unit. The correct division was called an infantry or cavalry division.) Each division had three squadrons . The number of riders in the individual sub-units varied, but was usually around 160 riders per Eascadron.

The individual divisions were named after their formal leaders:

  • the 1st division was the colonel division
  • the 2nd division was the lieutenant colonel (lieutenant colonel) division
  • the 3rd division was the majors division
  • the 4th division was the 2nd majors division
  • the 5th division (if any) was called the 3rd majors division

In the course of the army reform, the cavalry regiments were reduced from 1860 to initially three and then to two divisions.

Due to the constant renaming, the regimental histories of the Austro-Hungarian cavalry are very difficult to follow. In addition, there is the constant and apparently arbitrary, sometimes multiple reclassification of the associations. (For example: Kuk Bohemian Dragoon Regiment "Prince of Windisch-Graetz" No. 14 )

Footnotes

  1. ↑ according to “Announcement of the Quartermaster's Department” of Army Group Command FM. Archduke Eugen / Q.Op. No. 665/15. Issued by the field post office 512

literature

  • Obstlt. Alphons Frhr. v. Wrede: History of the KuK Wehrmacht from 1618 to the end of the XIX century Vienna 1898–1905.
  • Georg Schreiber : The emperor's cavalry. Austrian cavalry in 4 centuries. With a foreword by Alois Podhajsky . Speidel, Vienna 1967.
  • BM Buchmann: Austria and the Ottoman Empire. WUV-Univ.-Verl., Vienna 1999.
  • Allmayer-Beck / Lessing: The Austro-Hungarian Army 1848–1914. Bertelsmann, Munich 1974.
  • Osprey Military. Men-at-arms Series No. 329.