Mansfeld (company)

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Mansfeld was a central German coal and steel company that dealt with the extraction of copper , silver and other non-ferrous metals from copper slate and the processing of the extracted metals. The company was mainly active in the area around Mansfeld , Eisleben and Sangerhausen from 1852 to 1995 . The Mansfeld copper and brass GmbH Hettstedt is still regarded as trademarks legal successor act and traditional copper processing plant in the Mansfeld region.

Copper shale with fossils

history

The mining of copper slate and its processing into copper have been documented in the Mansfeld area since 1200. In the 17th century, the mostly small mines and ironworks in the Mansfelder Mulde merged to form trade unions , from which the unions for the Ober and Mittelhütte near Eisleben, the unions for the Kreuz and Silberhütte near Mansfeld and until the middle of the 19th century the union of the copper chamber together with the god reward hut at Hettstedt held.

Mansfeld trade union

In 1852 the five Mansfeld copper unions merged to form the Mansfeld copper-slate-building union . In the years that followed, this mining company sunk a number of new, high-performance shafts. These included the Ernst (from 1864), Otto (from 1865), Niewandt (from 1866), Free Life (from 1868) shafts , but also individual shafts such as Zirkel (1891) and Röhrig (1871). On most of these shafts several shafts were sunk, partly because of different tasks (extraction, drainage , ventilation ), but partly also to enable several levels to be extracted. In order to process the increased output, the Eckardthütte was built near Leimbach in 1857 and the Kupferkammerhütte was expanded. An annual production of over 100,000 tons of copper slate was forecast for the beginning of the 1870s , so that even these capacities would then no longer be sufficient. Therefore, the construction of the Krughütte near Eisleben began in 1868 and went into operation in 1870. In the years that followed, the Mittel and Kreuzhütte were shut down and the Oberhütte was converted for copper electrolysis . In 1875 the union acquired the hard coal mines Colonia and Urbanus in Langendreer near Bochum in order to cover the hard coal needs of the copper smelters from their own production. In 1877 the two mines consolidated into the Mansfeld colliery .

Mansfeld coal mine in Bochum, 1961

In 1880, the newly built cooking hut at Helbra started operations as the second large hut. To transport the ore from the shafts to the smelters, the construction of an in-house narrow-gauge railway began in 1878 . In 1880 the first section of the Mansfeld mine railway was put into operation near Hettstedt. In the course of a drill exploration on copper shale in 1896 a 35 m thick potash seam of the Staßfurt series was discovered near Wansleben and opened in 1898 through the Georgi shaft . With the establishment of the Ernsthall union in 1901, this first potash plant of the Mansfeld union went into operation. At the beginning of the 20th century, mining reached a depth of 237 m below sea level with the fifth level. The mining shifted more and more into the depths and towards the middle of the Mansfeld Mulde. That is why from 1900 the new Paul (1900) pits near Heiligenthal , Vitzthum (1906) near Siersleben , Wolf (1906) near Volkstedt and Dittrich (1907) near Unterrißdorf were sunk. Between 1909 and 1923, production on the shafts on the edge of the Mansfeld Mulde was gradually discontinued. Most of these shafts continued to be operated as weather and drainage shafts. Therefore, the new shafts could be sunk as single shafts. The Dittrich shaft opened up the eighth level 423 m below sea level. Potash seams were found at the depths of the Dittrich and Wolf shafts . Some of these were taken down. In 1911, after the depth of another pure potash mine , the Wolfshall , Paulshall and Dittrichshall unions were founded . To improve the fuel supply, the Mansfeld union acquired fourteen more coal fields around Heessen near Hamm in 1903 and sunk the first two shafts on these in 1912. In 1914, the Sachsen colliery was founded, making hard coal mining the company's third main field of activity alongside copper shale and potash mining.

Mansfeld Aktiengesellschaft für Bergbau und Metallbetriebe (Mansfeld AG)

Share over 1000 RM in Mansfeld AG for mining and smelting operations from August 1933
Comrade Martin , company logo of the old Mansfeld AG

The sharp fall in world market prices for copper and silver at the beginning of the 20th century and for potash after the First World War required more flexible management and on October 18, 1921, the union was converted into a stock corporation with a share capital of 880,000 marks and the potash works were spun off as Mansfeldsche Kaliwerke AG in a subsidiary. With the consolidation, the basis for the generous further development of the company was laid. The scope of the business was expanded by the creation of numerous new plants and the inclusion of various new branches of business (e.g. hard coal, further processing of copper and silver). The number of employees grew from around 4,500 to more than 20,000 people. In 1926 the merger with the traditional Halleschen Pfänschaften took place , and in 1927 the Montangesellschaft mbH Berlin-Charlottenburg was completely taken over. During the Great Depression in 1930 an emergency program for the continuation of the copper-producing companies had to be established. In 1933 all copper-producing main and ancillary businesses were separated from Mansfeld AG and Mansfeldsche Kupferschieferbergbau AG was founded. This company was subsidized by the state as a result of the global economic crisis. In 1938 the merger of Mansfeld AG and Salzdetfurth AG took place at the instigation of the main shareholder of both companies, Deutsche Bank , to form the Mansfeld-Salzdetfurth Group. Mansfeld AG became a wholly owned subsidiary of Salzdetfurth AG. The general director of Mansfeld AG was initially Max Heinhold and from 1929 Rudolf Stahl , chairman of the supervisory board of the consul general Ernst von Schoen .

In 1946, by order of the Soviet military administration in Saxony-Anhalt, Mansfeld AG for mining and smelting works and Mansfeldsche Kupferschieferbergbau AG were expropriated. The entire company property in the area of ​​the Soviet occupation zone was incorporated as Mansfeldische Kupferschieferbergbau AG into the Soviet Metallurgy AG in Berlin and thus transferred to Soviet ownership as a Soviet stock corporation (SAG). At the beginning of 1947 the company was returned to the state of Saxony-Anhalt and thus returned to German ownership in the form of a state- owned company (VEB). In 1947, the swamp and deepening of the Thomas-Müntzer-Schacht near Sangerhausen, which had already been set up in 1943, began, and thus the renewed opening of the Sangerhausen Mulde.

VEB Mansfeld Kombinat Wilhelm Pieck

Company logo of the Mansfeld Combine

In 1948 the Vereinigung Volkseigener Betriebe (VVB) Mansfeld mining and smelting companies was founded and the state-owned Mansfeld companies were incorporated into it. In 1951 the VEB Mansfeld Kombinat Wilhelm Pieck was founded from this VVB . In the same year, the mining of copper slate began on the Thomas-Müntzer-Schacht in Sangerhausen . In order to secure the service water supply of the Mansfeld Combine, the construction of a dam in Wippra began . The Wippertalsperre was completed in November 1952 to ensure a constant water supply .

From 1952 to 1956 the depth of the Niederröblingen shaft (later Bernard Koenen shaft I ) was carried out. In 1953 there was a split into VEB Mansfeld Hütten Kombinat Wilhelm Pieck and VEB Mansfeld Bergbau Kombinat Wilhelm Pieck. In 1956 the mining combine was divided into VEB Kupferbergbau Otto Brosowski , VEB Kupferbergbau progress, VEB Kupferbergbau Max Lademann, VEB Kupferbergbau Ernst Thälmann, VEB Kupferbergbau Thomas Müntzer and VEB Kupferbergbau Niederröblingen. The mining operations were subordinated to the VVB NE-Metallindustrie Eisleben and the mining combine was dissolved. In 1960, the metallurgical combine and the mining operations merged again to form VEB Mansfeld Kombinat Wilhelm Pieck (MKWP). In 1969, with the closure of the Otto Brosowski shaft, copper slate mining in the Mansfeld Mulde was stopped. In 1970 the VEB semi-finished product combine Hettstedt was incorporated into the MKWP. At the end of the 1980s, the combine was divided into the following structure:

Mansfeld and Sangerhäuser area of ​​the Mansfeld combine
  • Mansfeld Kombinat Wilhelm Pieck parent company:
    • Copper mining plant
      • Thomas Müntzer mine
      • Bernard Koenen mine
    • August-Bebel-Hütte plant
    • Copper-silver smelter plant
    • Plant and equipment construction
    • Factory consumer goods
    • Combine transport company
    • Research institute for non-ferrous metals Freiberg

Combine companies:

Mansfeld AG

On May 28, 1990, 24 corporations were founded out of the Kombinat and the Kombinat itself, as the holding of the aforementioned companies, was converted into Mansfeld AG. Mansfelder Kupferbergbau GmbH and Industrieverwahrung Ilsenburg GmbH were the only plants of the parent company that were not taken over and remained under the management of the Treuhandanstalt , later the trust-owned company for the custody and utilization of closed mining operations mbH (GVV). Eisen- und Hüttenwerke Thale AG, Schachtbau Nordhausen GmbH and Schachtbau Finsterwalde GmbH were also not taken over and initially remained under direct trust management. VEB Mansfeld general supplier Metallurgie Berlin was converted under trustee management into Ost-Handels-GmbH Berlin for equipment and industrial plants and Erzprojekt Leipzig GmbH and also left Mansfeld AG. Parallel to the privatization of Mansfeld AG, the non-profit restructuring company Mansfelder Land GmbH (GSG) was founded in 1991 as a rescue company for laid-off workers from the former combine. GSG was initially founded as a wholly owned subsidiary of Mansfeld AG at the instigation of the management board of Mansfeld AG and employee representatives against the will of the supervisory board and the districts of Sangerhausen, Hettstedt and Eisleben that were later involved. Between 1991 and 1993, the GSG created between 2000 and 2500 temporary jobs. On October 5th, Mansfeld AG merged with Walzwerk Hettstedt AG (subsidiary of Mansfeld AG) and on October 19, 1993 it was converted into Mansfelder Kupfer und Messing GmbH Hettstedt (MKM). In 1995, the privatization of MKM was completed with the takeover of the Belgian Lamitref Group.

MKM was founded in 2004 by Kazakhmys plc. and taken over by Copper Bidco GmbH in 2013.

Mining

Section through the Mansfeld Mulde

geology

The 0.3 to 0.4 m thick copper slate seam emerges on the western edge (Harz), on the south-western edge ( Hornburger Sattel ) and on the northern edge ( Halle-Hettstedter Gebirgsbrücke ) of the Mansfelder Mulde and falls at approx. 3 to 8 degrees to the east into the Mansfeld Mulde. Analogously, the seam from the southern edge of the Harz and from the southern edge of the Hornburger saddle also falls 3 to 8 degrees south into the Sangerhäuser Mulde. The seam forms the basis of the Zechstein and, depending on the depth, is overlaid by all layers of the Zechstein formation as well as layers of the Triassic and Tertiary .

The copper shale contains sulfidic ore minerals in varying compositions, including bornite (colored copper gravel, Cu 5 FeS 4 ). This can be enriched in layers and then forms so-called ore rulers, which can be easily seen in polished sections, as in the adjacent picture.

Copper slate handpiece with an ore ruler about 1 mm thick.

Copper shale mining

Mining on copper slate began around 1200, initially on the outcropping seam near the surface in what is known as duck mining . The mining of the seam was limited in terms of area and depth because of the inflowing groundwater, and the shafts had to be abandoned early. In this way, the entire near-surface area of ​​the seam was mined over several centuries. From the 17th century onwards, the driving of sometimes very long tunnels began in order to be able to mine the copper slate seam in deeper areas. The key tunnel, set up in 1809, is the deepest of these tunnels, it brought a maximum depth of approx. 180 m at Helbra and is 32.3 km long. The entire dewatering in the Mansfeld Mulde was later aligned with the key tunnel. It was not until the merger with the Mansfeld copper slate building union and the use of steam power led to the depth of deeper shafts and extensive mining of the seam in longwall mining .

The shafts sunk in the middle of the 19th century were still on the edge of the Mansfeld Mulde and only opened up depths of up to approx. 200 m. The shafts, which were built up to around 1900, usually consisted of several, sometimes up to five shafts, each of which served different purposes and, in the case of extraction shafts, were also connected to different floors. With increasing depth of mining, both the excavation floors and the production shafts shifted further and further with the collapse of the copper slate seam into the Mansfeld Mulde. The Vitzthum (Ernst Thälmann) , Paul (Otto Brosowski) and Wolf (Progress I) shafts, which were operated until the end of the 1960s, were already in the center of the Mansfeld Mulde and had connections up to the 11th level via, in some cases, long crosscuts . The 12th, 13th and 14th levels were only reached over flat surfaces and with a rack railway . Promoting Kupferschiefer in depths up to 995 meters was unprofitable even for DDR standards, in addition, put in these depths already Vertaubung slate one. In 1969, when production on the Otto Brosowski shaft was stopped, mining in the Mansfeld Mulde was shut down and flooded from 1970 onwards.

In the mid-1930s, a drilling program was carried out, which was mainly used to explore the remaining reserves in the Mansfeld Mulde, but which was also extended to the Sangerhausen Mulde. Mansfeld AG then decided to re-open the Sangerhausen deposit and in 1942 began to swamp the Röhrig shaft near Wettelrode . In 1943 the construction of a new main production shaft in Sangerhausen began, initially with the pre-drilling of the shaft axis and the following year with the sinking. The sinking work was provisionally ended in mid-1945 at a depth of 52 m. In 1947 the sinking work on the Sangerhausen shaft was resumed and ended in 1949. Two years later, after a previous underground connection with the Röhrig shaft, production began on the shaft system, which was renamed the Thomas Müntzer shaft in 1950 . Due to the ongoing explorations by the Mansfeld Combine, two additional production shafts were sunk in the Sangerhausen deposit: the Niederröblingen (1952) and Nienstedt (1956) shafts. From 1964 to 1970, the southern section of the Bernard Koenen mine was expanded to the 11th level by installing the rack railway from the outgoing Mansfeld deposit. The western field was opened up in 1965 by the Thomas Müntzer mine and the weather and escape shafts bridges I (1969) and bridges II (1972), which were sunk by drilling . In 1975 the Mönchpfiffel weather shaft near Allstedt was drilled 6 km away from the Niederröblingen shaft (B. Koenen I), thus expanding the mine field to include the Allstedt partial deposit.

In the mid-1980s, the water inflow in the Thomas Müntzer mine field (especially in the Westfeld) increased enormously, so that the latter was separated with dams in 1988 and bridges were thrown together with the drilling shafts . These measures only brought short-term improvements; as early as 1989 the southern section of the mine had to be abandoned. In the following year, mining was stopped at the Sangerhausen mine, which was ultimately flooded in 1992. In 1990 the Bernard Koenen mine was also shut down - in contrast to the Thomas Müntzer mine, however, for purely economic reasons. There was no custody here under time pressure, so that the pit was only flooded in 1994. In contrast to the Mansfelder Mulde and the Sangerhausen mine, the water inflows in the Bernard Koenen mine field were so low that water had to be introduced from the helmets via boreholes for flooding . The Röhrig shaft of the Sangerhausen pit, which serves as a weather shaft , has served as a visitor mine since 1991 .

Stockpile of the Ernst-Thälmann-Schacht

The remaining slag heaps are called pyramids of Mansfeld country designated

In 1979 the Mansfeld Combine began the first alignment work on the Spremberg copper slate deposit discovered between 1958 and 1964 . The Spremberg deposit should start production in 1990 and replace copper slate mining in the Sangerhausen Mulde by the turn of the millennium. In 1980, however, the work was stopped again for financial reasons. This deposit has been explored again since 2008.

Bernard-Koenen-Schacht II near Nienstedt
Wettelrode tubular shaft

Important shafts in the Mansfeld Mulde:

  • Otto shafts I – V (1865–1911) near Wimmelburg
  • Niewandt shafts I – II (1866–1913) near Siersleben
  • Free life shafts I – III (1868–1917) near Leimbach
  • Compass shaft (1891-1927 / 1970) near Klostermansfeld
  • Ernst-Schächte / Walter-Schneider-Schächte I – IV (1864–1966) at Helbra
  • Clotilde-Schacht / Max-Lademann-Schacht (1879–1964) near Eisleben
  • Hohental shafts / Hans Seidel shafts I – II (1887–1958 / 1970) near Helbra
  • Paul-Schacht / Otto-Brosowski-Schacht (1900–1969) near Augsdorf
  • Vitzthum-Schacht / Ernst-Thälmann-Schacht (1906–1962) near Siersleben
  • Wolf shaft / progress shaft I (1906–1967) near Volkstedt
  • Dittrich shaft / progress shaft II (1907–1960) near Unterrißdorf

Important shafts in the Sangerhäuser Mulde:

  • Sangerhausen / Thomas-Müntzer-Schacht (1944–1990)
  • Niederröblingen / Bernard-Koenen-Schacht (I) (1952–1990)
  • Nienstedt / Bernard-Koenen-Schacht II shaft (1956–1990)
  • Mönchpfiffel well (1974–1990)
  • Drilling shafts bridges I – II (1969 / 1972–1988)
  • Röhrigschacht (1871–1956 / 1990, since 1991 visitor mine) near Wettelrode

Potash mining

After the salt lake was drained , the Mansfeldsche Kupferschieferbauende trade union carried out a deep borehole on copper slate on the eastern edge of the Mansfeld Mulde near Wansleben in 1896 and came across a 35 m thick potash seam . Potash production then started with the sinking of the Georgi shaft and the construction of a potash factory near Wansleben . The company operated four potash unions with two potash factories, and two copper shale shafts with a potash seam connection were also used. Potash production was stopped in 1925 due to the 1921 “Potash Shutdown Act”.

Potash shafts of the Mansfeld company:

  • Georgi-Schacht (1898–1925) near Wansleben, Ernsthall potash plant with potash factory in Wansleben
  • Neu-Mansfeld shaft (1910–1925) near Wansleben, Ernsthall potash plant with potash factory in Wansleben
  • Wolf shaft near Volkstedt, Wolfshall potash plant (1911–1914) with potash factory in Eisleben
  • Dittrich shaft near Unterrißdorf, Dittrichshall potash works (1911–1925) with potash factory in Eisleben
  • Wachler shaft (1912–1925) near Unterrißdorf, Paulshall potash plant (1912–1925) with a potash factory in Eisleben

smelting

technology

In contrast to other ores, the main valuable components copper and silver were always extracted from copper shale via the detour of copper stone. Since the ores are finely distributed in copper shale and therefore could not be processed using common mining (physical) processes, but contained a high carbon content, this was burned for several weeks and then melted down directly and at high temperatures in shaft furnaces . The copper matte that was melted in the process was then roasted until the first half of the 20th century, and the sulphidic roasted material was melted again in shaft furnaces to make raw copper. The silver was extracted from the raw copper in Saigerhütten . The low-silver copper left the Saigerhütte as black copper . The black copper was melted down again in flame furnaces , whereby any foreign metals still present were oxidized and then, after the slag had been drawn off, the melt was reduced to fermented copper . This end product went on the market as Mansfeld refined fire .

In the 20th century, this technology changed essentially to the effect that slate burning was dispensed with and the slate was melted directly in water-cooled shaft furnaces using the carbon it contained . In addition, the silver was no longer obtained in the Saiger process , but instead the silver contained in the raw copper was converted into silver sulfate in a new roasting process , washed out and then precipitated . From 1925 the copper stone was blown directly into raw copper in converters using the Bessemer process . The raw copper was cast into anode sheets; pure copper was then obtained by means of electrolysis. Among other things, the silver was extracted from the anode sludge. In addition to the main products copper and silver, more and more precious and trace metals contained in the slate as well as a number of other by-products were extracted from the waste products of copper smelting, depending on the technology status and usability .

Oberhütte

The Oberhütte, north of Eisleben, was built in the 15th century and closed in 1870. Six years later, the first copper electrolysis system was installed on the Oberhütte. Finally, in 1908, the copper electrolysis was stopped and the facilities demolished. Today Oberhütte is part of Eisleben.

Krughütte (Karl Liebknecht Hut)

Mansfeld copper cinder block as a paperweight and souvenir from the Krughütte in Eisleben. Edge length 4.6 cm

The Krughütte was built in 1868 by the Mansfeld trade union as the first modern raw smelter with large shaft furnaces and went into operation in 1870. The copper stone melted here was further processed in the Hettstedt huts (God's reward, copper chamber). The slag that accumulates in the hut has been poured into paving stones, the Mansfeld copper cinder blocks, since 1873 . From 1916 to 1936, three water-cooled large shaft furnaces were built and put into operation one after the other at the Krughütte. The furnace gases generated here were washed and the resulting sludge with a high trace metal content was further processed in the Hettstedt huts. In 1950 the hut was renamed Karl-Liebknecht-Hütte. In 1972 the hut was shut down by the Mansfeld Kombinat. A few years later, massive subsidence phenomena occurred in the entire area of ​​the hut, which destroyed most of the existing buildings in their basic substance. The operating facilities were then completely demolished in the 1980s.

In 2012, the Krughütte solar park was built on the site .

Kochhütte (August-Bebel-Hütte)

Mansfeld copper cinder block as a paperweight and souvenir of the August-Bebel-Hütte in Helbra. Shows the coat of arms above and on the right comrade Martin , a symbolic figure of the Mansfeld mining industry. Edge length 5 cm

The cooking hut near Helbra went into operation in 1880 as the second large hut of the Mansfeld trade union. The melted copper stone was further processed in the Hettstedt smelters. The slag that accumulates in the cooking hut was poured into paving stones or processed into gravel and other building materials right from the start. In 1951 the Kochhütte was renamed August-Bebel-Hütte. The last furnace tapping took place on September 10, 1990 at the Kochhütte. The buildings and operating facilities were completely dismantled in the following years. Today there is an industrial park on the site of the hut.

God's reward hut (copper-silver hut)

Bessemerei of the copper-silver hut

The God's reward hut was built in 1695 as a raw hut near Hettstedt. In 1796 the smelter went bankrupt and was taken over by the Kupferkammer smelter in 1797. In 1827 an amalgation plant was built on the smelter to desilver the copper stone from the raw smelters, which started operations in 1827. In 1870 a copper refining hut was built above the God's reward hut to process residues from the furnace. In 1926 a Bessemerei and in 1937 an electrolysis plant were built. The ovens in the copper refinery, which were superfluous as a result of the Bessemer process, were converted and used to cast the copper anodes. With the establishment of the Mansfeld Combine, the Bessemerei, the copper refinery and the electrolysis were merged and the smelter was called the copper-silver smelter. In 1971 a plant for the reprocessing of copper-containing secondary raw materials was built. In the 1960s, the Mansfeld Kombinat built two continuous casting plants on the smelter , which was followed in 1978 by a casting and rolling plant for copper wire. In 1989 the smelter's Bessemerei was shut down and the other facilities for processing secondary raw materials were completely modernized in the 1990s. In 2004 the production of the secondary copper plants was stopped.

Copper chamber hut (lead hut)

The Kupferkammer-Hütte near Hettstedt was built in 1723 as a rough smelter. In 1797, the ironworks took over the bankrupt God's reward hut and from then on called itself the copper chamber and God's reward hut . In 1913 the operation as a raw smelter was stopped. From 1921 onwards, the hut was converted to process flue dust from the raw smelters. Initially, the smelter produced lead , zinc oxide and zinc vitriol . Copper stone containing lead was returned to the smelters and melted down again for copper extraction. From 1949 rhenium , thallium and iodine compounds were extracted from the fly dust. From 1960, germanium was extracted from the flue dusts of the lead furnaces. In 1966 the Mansfeld Combine built a plant for remelting zinc scrap on the smelter. In 1976, lead extraction was stopped at the smelter, lead-containing residues were delivered to the Freiberg lead smelter ( VEB Bergbau- und Hüttenkombinat ). In 1978 the processing of raw smelter dust was stopped. With the cessation of zinc scrap processing and the production of zinc sulphate in 1990, the smelter was shut down, in the following years the facilities were demolished and the site was renovated. In 2008 the refurbishment of the lead smelter was completed.

Products

Copper wire from the Mansfeld combine

Until the late 19th century, silver and copper were the company's only main products. Over time, however, more and more products were added as a result of improved smelting technologies and new inventions, which the economy and society needed. The main products of the company were: copper as Mansfeld raffinate (1871) and as Mansfeld electrolytic copper (1938) in various formats such as blocks, plates, bars , rods, wire bars and from 1971 as copper wire; Silver as cement silver 99.90% Ag (1827) and electrolyte silver 99.96% Ag (1926) in bars and as granules; Gold as fine gold 99.90% -99.92% Au in bars; Lead as smelting soft lead; Zinc vitriol ; Zinc oxide as a color oxide ; Red lead ; Sulfuric acid ; Pharmacy grade iodine; Thallium as felled sludge; Cadmium as cement cadmium ; Raw slag as paving stones (1873), structural blocks (1949), slag gravel (1959) and wear protection material (1962); Platinum 97% -98% Pt as a powder; Palladium 97% -98% Pd as a powder; Selenium as pure and pure selenium; Nickel sulfate ; Vanadium pentoxide ; Germanium as felled sludge; Rhenium; Molybdenum as ferro-molybdenum from the furnace sowing of the raw smelter shaft furnaces (only during the First World War); Iron ore (furnace sow) as granulate (1978) and brass in sheet metal and other semi-finished products

In addition to the actual copper production, the company manufactured a number of other primary coal and steel products - including hard coal and lignite including coke and other coal products (mostly for its own use), potash products from the Eisleben and Wansleben potash works, and aluminum and iron semi-finished products in the combine operations of the Mansfeld Combine. The Mansfeld Combine had its own consumer goods and industrial goods production (rationalization operation). Among other things, the Mansfeld-Kombinat manufactured school and garden furniture, computers ( Mansfeld-PC ), switch cabinets, conveyor systems, drilling machines and lifting devices (winches).

archive

The archives of Mansfeld AG were brought together in 2009 in the Merseburg department of the Saxony-Anhalt State Archives .

literature

  • Günter Jankowski (ed.): On the history of the Mansfeld copper slate mining . GDMB-Informationsgesellschaft mbH, Clausthal-Zellerfeld 1995, ISBN 3-9801786-3-3 (366 pages).
  • Association of Mansfeld Miners and Hutsmen eV, Lutherstadt Eisleben and German Mining Museum Bochum (ed.): Mansfeld - The History of Mining and Metallurgy , [Volume 1] (= publications from the German Mining Museum Bochum, 80), Eisleben and Bochum (1999), ISBN 3-921533-69-4
  • Association of Mansfeld Miners and Metallurgists eV, Lutherstadt Eisleben and German Mining Museum Bochum (ed.): Mansfeld - The History of Mining and Metallurgy, Volume 2: illustrated book (= publications from the German Mining Museum Bochum, 126), Eisleben and Bochum 2004, ISBN 3-937203-08-7
  • Mansfeld Miners and Huts Association eV, Lutherstadt Eisleben and German Mining Museum Bochum (ed.): Mansfeld - The History of Mining and Metallurgy, Volume 3: The Material Witnesses (= publications from the German Mining Museum Bochum, 165), Eisleben and Bochum 2008, ISBN 3-937203-40-0

Web links

Commons : Mining in Mansfeld  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Author collective: Mansfeld - Volume 1 . 1999, p. 43.
  2. ↑ Author collective: Mansfeld - Volume 1 . 1999, p. 228.
  3. ↑ a b Author collective: Mansfeld - Volume 3 . 2008, p. 59.
  4. ↑ Author collective: Mansfeld - Volume 1 . 1999, pp. 54-56.
  5. ↑ Author collective: Mansfeld - Volume 1 . 1999, pp. 236-240.
  6. ↑ Author collective: Mansfeld - Volume 1 . 1999, p. 248.
  7. ↑ www.archive.nrw.de Inventory 139 (accessed on September 15, 2009)
  8. ↑ Author collective: Mansfeld - Volume 1 . 1999, pp. 363-374.
  9. ↑ a b c Author collective: Mansfeld - Volume 3 . 2008, pp. 185-198.
  10. ↑ Author collective: Mansfeld - Volume 1 . 1999, p. 59.
  11. ↑ www.archive.nrw.de Stock 54 (accessed on September 15, 2009)
  12. ↑ Author collective: Mansfeld - Volume 1 . 1999, pp. 433-434.
  13. ^ Author collective: Mansfeld - Volume 3 . 2008, p. 59.
  14. ↑ Author collective: Mansfeld - Volume 1 . 1999, pp. 435-436.
  15. ↑ Author collective: Mansfeld - Volume 1 . 1999, pp. 436-446; Pp. 463-475.
  16. ↑ Author collective: Mansfeld - Volume 1 . 1999, pp. 459-462; Appendix 7-8, pp. 477-478.
  17. ^ Author collective: Mansfeld - Volume 3 . 2008, pp. 19-58.
  18. ↑ Sangerhausen shaft (copper traces) (accessed on March 13, 2019)
  19. ↑ Shafts bridges (copper traces) (accessed on March 13, 2019)
  20. ↑ Author collective: Mansfeld - Volume 1 . 1999, pp. 67-80.
  21. ↑ Author collective: Mansfeld - Volume 1 . 1999, pp. 155-156.
  22. ↑ Author collective: Mansfeld - Volume 1 . 1999, pp. 180-181.
  23. ↑ Kupferschiefer Lausitz GmbH (accessed on September 29, 2009)
  24. ↑ The Dittrichshall potash salt mine (copper traces) (accessed on March 13, 2019)
  25. ↑ a b Author collective: Mansfeld - Volume 1 . 1999, pp. 236-338.
  26. ↑ Presentation of copper production from the beginnings to the 20s of the 20th century (copper traces) (accessed on March 13, 2019)
  27. ^ Author collective: Mansfeld - Volume 3 . 2008, pp. 223-224.
  28. ^ Author collective: Mansfeld - Volume 3 . 2008, pp. 229-230.
  29. ^ Author collective: Mansfeld - Volume 3 . 2008, pp. 230-232.
  30. ^ Author collective: Mansfeld - Volume 3 . 2008, pp. 232-235.
  31. ↑ Blei-Hütte near Hettstedt (copper traces) (accessed on March 13, 2019)
  32. ↑ Author collective: Mansfeld - Volume 1 . 1999, pp. 403-426.