1 he regiment de dragons
Royal Dragons Regiment |
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Association badge |
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active | 1656 to 1997 |
Country | France |
Armed forces | French armed forces |
Armed forces | army |
Branch of service | cavalry |
Type | Panzer Regiment |
Insinuation | 7 e division blindée |
Location | Lure |
Nickname | "Royal Dragons" |
motto | Royal d'abord, Premier toujours |
The Régiment Royal dragons - last 1 he régiment de dragons was a cavalry regiment that was set up in the Kingdom of France in 1656. It lasted until 1997.
Lineup and significant changes
- June 14, 1656: Count Raimondo Montecuccoli's dismissed German cavalry regiment entered French service with four companies under his Mestre de camp Comte Cesar degli Oggi. The regiment was named Dragons étrangers du Roi (roughly: "The King's Foreign Dragoons")
- April 2, 1668: Renaming to Régiment Royal dragons and surrender of half the regiment to the formation of the Régiment Colonel-Général dragons
- 1678: The dissolved "Régiment de Languedoc-dragons" was incorporated.
- January 1, 1791: Renamed to 1 er régiment de dragons
- June 18, 1811: conversion to the one he régiment de chevau-légers lanciers
- May 12, 1814: After Napoleon's first abdication , the name was changed to "1 er régiment de lanciers du Roi"
- 1815: During the hundred days again in one he régiment de chevau-légers lanciers dissolved renamed after
- 1815: re-established as Régiment de dragons du Calvados (n ° 1)
- 1825: Renaming to 1 er régiment de dragons
- 1831: Renamed to 1 er régiment de dragons d'Orléans
- 1848: Renamed to 1 er régiment de dragons
- 1919: Disbanded
- 1924: Re-established as: 1 er régiment de dragons
- 1929: Disbanded
- 1937: Re-established as: 1 er bataillon de dragons portés
- 1940: dissolved
- 1945: Re-established as: 1 er régiment de dragons
- 1946: Disbanded
- 1951: Re-established as: 1 er régiment de dragons
- 1962: Dissolved and with parts in the 3 e régiment de hussards incorporated
- 1963: Re-established as: 1 er régiment de dragons
- 1997: Disbanded
Guidons
The regiment led four guidons of blue silk with a golden sun and the king's currency ribbon in the center. The embroidered lilies and the surrounding fringes were alternately of gold and silver.
Uniform in the Ancien Régime
Garrisons
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Regimental commanders
Mestre de camp was the rank designation for the regiment owner and / or the actual commander of a cavalry regiment until 1791. (From 1791 the rank Mestre de camp was replaced by Colonel and from 1793 to 1803 by Chef de brigade. After that it was called Colonel again.) If the Mestre de camp is a person of the high nobility who is in charge of leadership of the regiment had no interest (or was too inexperienced), the command was left to the "Mestre de camp lieutenant" (or "Mestre de camp en second"). From 1791 there were no more regimental owners.
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Battle calendar
Fight against the Fronde uprising (1656 to 1658)
- Siege of Montmédy , Saint-Venant, Ardres and capture of La Mothe-aux-Bois .
Franco-Spanish War (1635-1659)
- 1646: Siege of Dunkirk
- 1658: Battle of the dunes , siege of Dunkirk
War of Devolution (1667 to 1668)
- 1667: Siege of Douai , Courtrai and Lille
- 1668: Reduced to 12 companies, participation in the capture of Besançon and Dole
Dutch War (1672 to 1679)
- 1674: Battle of Enzheim and battle near Mulhouse
- 1675: Battle of Türkheim , fights at Altenheim , capture of Haguenau and Saverne
- 1677: Siege and capture of Freiburg
- 1678: Fighting at the Rheinfelden bridge , near Säckingen , during the siege of Kehl and Lichtenberg .
- 1679: The war ended for the regiment with the battle near Minden .
- 1681 to 1682: In the camp on the Saar
Reunion War (1683 to 1684)
- 1684: Siege of Luxembourg
- 1685: In the camp on the Saône
War of the Palatinate Succession (1689 to 1698)
- 1689: Battle of Walcourt .
- 1690: Battle of Fleurus
- 1691: Siege of Mons, battle near Leuze
- 1692: Siege of Namur and Battle of Steenkerke
- 1693 to 1694: on the Moselle and the Rhine
- 1695: on the Meuse
- 1696: in the Flanders Army
- 1697: Siege of Ath
- 1698: In the Compiègne camp .
War of the Spanish Succession (1701-1713)
- 1701: in the Flanders Army.
- 1703: Battle near Eckeren
- 1704: on the Moselle
- 1705: fighting in Flanders
- 1706: Battle of Ramillies
- 1708: Battle of Oudenaarde
- 1709: Battle of Malplaquet
- 1712: Recapture of Douai and Le Quesnoy
- 1713: Reconquest of Landau and Freiburg
War of the Polish Succession (1734-1735)
- 1734: Siege of Philippsburg and battle near Klausen
- 1736: Garrison in Maubeuge
War of the Austrian Succession (1741 to 1748)
- 1741: capture of Prague , skirmishes at Piseik, Sahay and Frauemberg, defense of Prague and withdrawal on August 22, 1741.
- 1743: Battle of Dettingen
- 1744: in Flanders, during the siege of Menen (Belgium) , Ypres and Veurne .
- 1745: Battle of Fontenoy and skirmishes at Tournai , Oudenaarde, Termonde and Ath
- 1746: capture of Brussels and Antwerp , battle of Raucoux
- 1747: Siege of Bergen op Zoom
- 1748: Siege of Maastricht
Seven Years War (1756 to 1763)
- 1756 to 1760: patrols in Flanders and the Artois
- 1760: Battles near Zierenberg and Korbach , Battle of Warburg and Battle of Kampen Monastery
- Return to France with garrison in Lille
- 1790: The mutiny in Nancy was put down
Wars of the Revolution and the Empire
- June 21, 1791: Stationed in Commercy , it was the escape of Louis XVI. involved
- 1792: With the Rheinarme, the Zentrumsarme and until 1794 with the Moselle Army
- Cannonade at Valmy
- Campaign to Trier
- 1794 to 1797: with the Armée de Sambre-et-Meuse
- 1794: Battle of Fleurus and Battle of Aldenhoven
- 1796: Battle of Würzburg
- 1797 to 1799: In the army in Germany (in front of Mainz, on the Danube and again on the Rhine), battle near Stockach
- April 18, 1797: Battle at Ukerath
- First battle for Zurich
- October 2, 1799: Battle near Muthental
- 1800 to 1803: With the Italian Army
- 1805 to 1807: With the Grande Armée in the Corps de cavalerie de réserve (cavalry reserve corps) and in the Corps d'observation de la Gironde (reconnaissance corps on the Gironde) - campaign to Prussia and Poland
- Battle of Wertingen
- Battle of Ulm
- Battle of Austerlitz
- Battle of Jena
- Battle of Eylau
- Battle of Friedland
- 1808 to 1811: fighting in Spain and Portugal ( Spanish War of Independence )
- Capture of Madrid and Battle of Talavera
- 1812: "Corps d'observation de l'Elbe" (reconnaissance corps on the Elbe) in the "1 er corps de cavalerie de réserve de la Grande Armée" (1st reserve cavalry corps of the Grande Armée)
- Russian campaign
- 1813: Battle of Großgörschen , Battle of Bautzen and Battle of Reichenbach in the "1 er corps de cavalerie de la Grande Armée"
- 1814 : in the "1 er corps de cavalerie"
- 1815: Battle of Waterloo
Franco-German War
First World War
Mobilization of the regiment in Luçon
- Subordinated to the "9 e brigade de dragons" in the "9 e division de cavalerie" (August 1914 to May 1916)
- Subordinated to the "39 e corps d'armée" from May 1916 to July 1917
- Battle of the Yser
- Battle of Picardy
- Fighting in Champagne 1918
Second World War
- Fights near Hannut and in northern France. Disbanded after the armistice.
After 1945
When it was disbanded in 1997, the regiment consisted of:
- three escadrons of four platoons each with four main battle tanks AMX 30B2 (with weapon stabilization system) plus one vehicle for each escadron for the Capitaine commandant d'unité élémentaire and one vehicle for the regimental commander - a total of 52 main battle tanks and 12 armored personnel carriers AMX-10P
Each of the escadrons had a security train.
- There were also:
- the fourth Escadron (Escadron commando) with AMX-10P and a safety train
- the fifth Escadron (Commandement et de logistique - ECL) staff and supply escadron
- the sixth Escadron (de défense et d'instruction - EDI) defense and training escadron
Association badge
Under the Ancien Régime , the dragoons wielded a scaled-down standard called the guidon. The badge of the regiment shows in the center a blue shield as the color of the dragoons, with an applied royal crown, two lilies and the signature of Louis XIV. To whom it owes its existence and who honored it with the title "Royal" in 1678. The name change in 1791 is symbolized by the "1", the two lances are supposed to refer to the year 1914 and the silver star to 1939. The currency ribbon bears the inscription:
Inscriptions on the last standard carried
The outstanding battles and campaigns in which the regiment took part are listed in gold letters on the standard :
- Valmy 1792
- Marengo 1800
- Austerlitz 1805
- Iena 1806
- Friedland 1807
- L'Yser 1914
- Picardy 1918
- Champagne 1918
Awards
The flag ribbon is decorated with:
- the Croix de guerre 1914-1918 with two palm branches, two gold-plated stars and a silver star (the latter awarded to the 1 er groupe de chasseurs cyclistes as a temporarily assigned association);
- the Croix de guerre 1939-1945 with a palm branch;
- the Croix de Guerre (Belgium) with a palm branch
- The members of the regiment wear the Fourragère in the colors of the Croix de guerre 1914-1918.
particularities
In 1790 parts of the regiment were used in the suppression of the mutiny in Nancy .
Footnotes
- ↑ Cavalry standards
- ↑ Cinquième abrégé général du militaire de France, sur terre et sur mer , Lemau de la Jaisse, Paris, 1739
- ↑ n ° 12350 / SGA / DPMA / SHD / DAT du 14 septembre 2007 relative aux inscriptions de noms de batailles sur les drapeaux et étendards des corps de troupe de l'armée de terre, du service de santé des armées et du service des essences des armées, Bulletin officiel des armées, numéro 27, 9 novembre 2007 Arrêté relatif à l'attribution de l'inscription AFN 1952-1962 sur les drapeaux et étendards des formations des armées et services, du 19 novembre 2004 (A) NORDEF0452926A Michèle Alliot -Marie (regulation no. 12350 / SGA / DPMA / SHD / DAT of September 14, 2007 regulates the inscriptions on the standards of the troops of the army, the medical service and the fuel supply service (Service des essences des armées). The basis is the “Bulletin officiel des armées », numéro 27, 9 November 2007)
literature
- Cinquième abrégé de la carte du militaire de France, sur terre et sur mer - Depuis novembre 1737, jusqu'en décembre 1738 , Lemau de la Jaisse, Paris 1739
- Chronique historique-militaire , Pinard, tome 1, Paris 1760
- Historiques des corps de troupe de l'armée française (1569–1900) , Ministère de la Guerre, Paris, Berger-Levrault, 1900
- Serge Andolenko : Recueil d'historique de l'arme blindée et de la cavalerie . Eurimprin, Paris 1968.