Rivne

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Rivne
Рівне
Rivne coat of arms
Rivne (Ukraine)
Rivne
Rivne
Basic data
Oblast : Rivne Oblast
Rajon : District-free city
Height : 136 m
Area : 58.24 km²
Residents : 246,535 (2019)
Population density : 4,233 inhabitants per km²
Postcodes : 33000-33499
Area code : +380 362
Geographic location : 50 ° 37 '  N , 26 ° 15'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 37 '12 "  N , 26 ° 15' 0"  E
KOATUU : 5610100000
Administrative structure : 1 city
Mayor : Volodymyr Homko
Address: вул. Соборна 12a
33000 м. Рівне
Website : http://www.city-adm.rv.ua/
Statistical information
Rivne (Rivne Oblast)
Rivne
Rivne
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Riwne ( Ukrainian Рівне ; Russian Ровно Rowno , polish Równe ) is a major city in the northwest of Ukraine with about 250,000 inhabitants. It is located on the river Ustya ( Устя ) and is the administrative center of the oblast of the same name and the Rivne district .

The city is a traffic junction on the trunk roads M 06 / E 40 , N 22 and the regional road P – 05 as well as on the railway lines Kovel – Kosjatyn and Rivne – Luninez . In addition, it is an important garrison of the Ukrainian armed forces through the Operative Army Command West located here .

history

The village was first mentioned in 1283. From the second half of the 14th century Rivne belonged to Lithuania , later to Poland and was located here in the Volhynian Voivodeship . In 1492 Rivne obtained city ​​rights under Magdeburg law . In the 16th century, Rivne was an important trading center.

During the Third Partition of Poland in 1795, the city and its surroundings were assigned to Russia . During the First World War and the following Russian Civil War , control of the city passed between Russian, German, Ukrainian, Bolshevik and Polish forces. From April to May 1919 Rivne was briefly the capital of the Ukrainian People's Republic . From 1921 the city belonged again to Poland ( Second Polish Republic ) and was located in the Voivodeship of Volhynia , Powiat Równe , Gmina Równe . The city's Christian residents were predominantly Catholic, as evidenced by the architecture of the large, two-tower Catholic church. After the Hitler-Stalin Pact at the beginning of the Second World War , Rivne was annexed to the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic as a result of the Soviet occupation of eastern Poland .

On June 28, 1941, Rivne was captured by German troops after the tank battle near Dubno-Lutsk-Rivne and later assigned to the Reichskommissariat Ukraine . When the city was taken, about half of the almost 60,000 inhabitants were of Jewish faith. According to contemporary witnesses, 23,000 of them were shot in a forest near Sosenki on November 8 and 9, 1941 . The 5,000 remaining Jews were locked in a ghetto and deported to Kostopil in July 1942 , where they too were murdered by Einsatzgruppen . In the resistance against the German occupation of the region, partisans in divisions were active from 1943 and particularly obstructed traffic on the north and south railways. On November 16, 1943, the NKVD agent Nikolai Ivanovich Kuznetsov shot the German Senate President Alfred Funk in the courtroom. On February 2, 1944, the Red Army liberated Rivne during the Rovno-Lutsk operation .

Rivne fell to the Soviet Union in 1945 and belonged again to the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, it has belonged to the independent state of Ukraine. On June 11, 1991, the city of Rovno was renamed Rivne; this was followed by the associated Rivne Oblast .

Culture

Rivne was home to a Tarbut School and a Tarbut Kindergarten in the 1920s and 1930s , important parts of Jewish life in the city before the Holocaust . Jewish life in the city suffered not only from the Holocaust, but also from the anti-Semitic hostilities of the Polish and other people.

Residents

Population development Rivne
1897 * 1904 1920 1926 * 1939 * 1943 1959 *
24 573 30 300 23 700 30 500 43,000 17 531 59 598
1970 * 1979 * 1989 * 2001 * 2010 2019
115 541 178 956 227 925 248 813 249 582 246 535

 * Census: Source: 1897, 1939, 1959, 1970, 1979, 1989, 2001, 2010, 2019

Economy and culture

Rivne is the industrial center (machines, electrical appliances, linen industry ) and the cultural center of the area with universities, theaters and museums . The Rivne nuclear power plant is located near the city .

Town twinning

Rivne lists eight twin cities :

city country since
Lublin PolandPoland Poland 2013
Monaco Coat of arms of Monaco.svg MonacoMonaco Monaco 2015
Oberviechtach GermanyGermany Germany 2006
Piotrków Trybunalski PolandPoland Poland 1997
Radomszczański POL powiat radomszczański COA.svg PolandPoland Łódź, Poland 2013
Levjerodonetsk UkraineUkraine Ukraine 2007
Vidin BulgariaBulgaria Bulgaria 2001
Zabrze PolandPoland Poland 2001
Zvolen SlovakiaSlovakia Slovakia 1998

Sports

Rivne owns a well-known speedway stadium, where decisive qualifying runs for the individual speedway world championships were held back in the 1980s during the USSR. For example the World Cup continental final in 1984, in which the two German former world champions Egon Müller and Karl Maier also took part.

German road (19th century)

sons and daughters of the town

literature

  • Jeffrey Burds: Holocaust in Rovno: The Massacre at Sosenki Forest, November 1941. Palgrave Macmillan, New York 2013, ISBN 978-1-137-38839-1 . ( Table of contents )
  • Alexander Kruglov: Równe , in: Martin Dean (Ed.): The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933–1945. Vol. 2, ghettos in German-Occupied Eastern Europe: Part B . Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2012, ISBN 978-0-253-00227-3 , pp. 1459-1461
  • Równe , in: Guy Miron (ed.): The Yad Vashem encyclopedia of the ghettos during the Holocaust . Jerusalem: Yad Vashem, 2009 ISBN 978-965-308-345-5 , pp. 665f.

Web links

Commons : Rivne  - collection of images, videos and audio files

proof

  1. ↑ Rizzi Zannoni, Część Pułnocna Woiewodztw Wołińskiego y Kiiowskiego. Powiat Piński, w Litwie Południowey .; 1772 ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.mapywig.org
  2. ↑ Law of the Verkhovna Rada
  3. ↑ http://pop-stat.mashke.org/ukraine-cities.htm
  4. ↑ Рівне - Міста-партнери . Retrieved January 14, 2015.