Leidersdorf Castle

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Hammerschloss Leidersdorf today

The derelict Leidersdorf Castle (also known as Leidersdorf Hammerschloss ) is a listed building in the Leidersdorf district of the Upper Palatinate municipality of Ensdorf in the Amberg-Sulzbach district of Bavaria (Leidersdorf 2). The castle used to be a hammer mill powered by the water power of the Vils .

history

The name of the place is derived from the personal name Lagadeo , which can be seen from the oldest documents about the place Lagadeosdorf between 975 and 990. These place names ending in -dorf indicate a settlement in the 8th century. In the 12th century, this was the seat of a Palatinate ministerial family of the von Leiteratesdorf , as can be seen from a document from 1149 in which a Friedrich and his brothers von Leidersdorf are named.

In the 12th century, Leidersdorf belonged to the Ensdorf monastery . Leidersdorf is mentioned in 1178 when Count Palatine Friedrich , son of the monastery founder Otto V von Scheyern , donated Leidersdorf and a mill to the Ensdorf monastery. The hammer is first mentioned in 1326. Abbot Konrad (1413–1424) built a hammer there and sold it in 1422 to Nikolaus Romer from Nabburg . In 1457 the property was acquired again by the Ensdorf monastery. In 1461 it belongs to the Paulsdorfer family . In 1478 a rail hammer and a sheet metal hammer were in operation here, operated by Paul Saurzapf von Theuern . The monastery sold the work in 1498 to the brothers Wolf, Linhard, Peter and Hans Portner, whose descendants mostly called themselves "von Leidersdorf". At that time Theuern, Rieden , Haselmühl bei Gärmersdorf and Heringnohe also belonged to the Portnern .

Hammerschloss Leidersdorf based on a drawing by Abbot Anselm Meiller from 1730

In 1579 a ship master is also named here, half of whom was obliged to clear a ford with the hammer lords. In 1621 Leidersdorf was sold to the rent master Saugefinger from Amberg, who emigrated, and in 1630 Leidersdorf was leased by the government. During the Thirty Years War the property was burned down in 1639. In 1663 the factory was rebuilt under hammer master Wolf Stainer from nearby Wolfsbach . In 1717 the property was bought back by a Baron von Reiz and under Abbot Anselm Meiller to the Ensdorf Monastery and remained with it until the secularization . For the purchase, the abbot had to borrow 11,000 fl from his brother Leonhard Meiller , which could be repaid by 1744. Back then, the hammer consisted of a rail hammer and two sheet metal hammers . The hammer generated good income: in 1744 it was 803 fl 35 kr 1 pfennig (the return, measured by the capital employed for ore, coal and personnel, was at least 15%), in 1760 it was 768 fl 7 kr, but in 1773 it surrendered under Abbot Diepold Ziegler a deficit of 188 fl 55 kr.

After that, the iron hammer continued to operate as the Royal Ironworks Office, in 1820 the Leidersdorfer hammer is said to have produced 1,400 quintals of pig iron. Until 1830 it was supposedly run by an ex-conventional (a retired clergyman). The new waterwheel was built in 1840 and a blast furnace was even installed in 1852 . In 1855, a supply contract for 200 tons of pig iron was concluded with Maxhütte . In 1860 the blast furnace in Leidersdorf was dismantled and it was sold for 26,000 guilders to Bernhard Lilienthal from Wolfsbach. In 1864 the company was shut down due to insufficient returns, and the plant was no longer competitive with the new coke oven compared to the Maxhütte .

A grinding mill and sawmill were built in the place of the hammer . Both were shut down in 1931. During the construction of the state road, the associated chapel was demolished, but rebuilt to scale on the other side of the road.

Hammerschloss Leidersdorf (2016)

Leidersdorf Castle today

According to the engraving from 1730, the property consists of a three-storey mansion with a central projectile and a hipped roof with towers . An irregular square is formed by a wall and other commercial and residential buildings, in the middle of which is the hammer mill. A wooden bridge over the Vils leads to the property. The opposite exit through a round arched gate presumably leads to the chapel of St. Antonius.

St. Antonius Chapel in Leidersdorf

The chapel was built in 1731 by the Ensdorf abbot Anselm Meiller. The painter Johann Mostabus from Hohenburg received 27 florins for the altar and another 4 florins 30 kr for the repair of the pictures in 1743. In 1804 the chapel was to be demolished, but the chapel escaped the planned destruction. In 1965 the chapel was demolished because of the road construction, but rebuilt in the same style on the other side of the street. It was inaugurated on June 12, 1965 by Pastor Korbinian Zeitler. The last repair was carried out in 1990 by the Salfetter family, who own it.

In 1910 a new building was built on the site of the manor house, the core of which dates back to the 17th and 18th centuries. This, too, is a three-storey, plastered solid building with a mansard hipped roof, a corner bay beginning on the first floor and a corner projectile. A turbine house and a works canal are attached to the building. The conversion to the Josef Winkler'schen Kunstmühle took place according to the number on the house in "1910". On the first floor of the art mill, there are still well-preserved grinders that were not shut down until 1964; the house, which was incorporated into the building, was inhabited until 1974.

A former horse stable belongs to the property; This is a single-storey, plastered solid building with a gable roof , arched windows and profiled beam heads from around 1900.

literature

  • Franz Michael Ress: Buildings, monuments and foundations of German ironworkers . Written on behalf of the Association of German Ironworkers . Verlag Stahleisen, Düsseldorf 1960, DNB  453998070 , p. 177 .
  • Rudolf Gerstenhöfer: Klosterdorf and Hammerstatt Leidersdorf. Die Oberpfalz , 1970, Volume 50, pp. 30-35.

Web links

Commons : Leidersdorf  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Zitzelsberger, Hans: Chronicle of Ensdorf. Salesianerdruckerei Ensdorf, Municipality of Ensdorf (ed.) 1991, pp. 97–98.
  2. ↑ Hans Zitzelsberger, 1991, p. 174.

Coordinates: 49 ° 21 '8.2 "  N , 11 ° 55' 44.8"  E