Hammer seat Ranna

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Hammer Ranna on the original cadastre of Bavaria

The hammer seat Ranna or the hammer lock Ranna was located in the district of Ranna of the city of Auerbach in the Upper Palatinate in the district of Amberg-Sulzbach in Bavaria . The hammer was driven by the water of the Pegnitz . In the BayernAtlas the former hammer is listed in the Bavarian monument list under the monument number D-3-6335-0048 and "underground findings of the late medieval and early modern iron hammer Ranna with associated aristocratic residence" are found here.

history

Ranna on the art monuments of the Kingdom of Bavaria

The former hammer was founded on October 16, 1391 with the permission of King Wenceslaus of Bohemia or his captain for his rule in Bavaria, Worsiboy von Swynars. The Auerbach citizen "Hartman dem Fugler and Margarethen his landlady, located in the forest on the Pegnitz and called zu der Rann" received permission to build a hammer workshop. Wenzel's successor as German king, Ruprecht von der Pfalz , confirmed in 1401 all the privileges of the hammer Ranna (free removal of all construction and firewood from the Krottensee forest as well as extensive clearing), who had to pay 10 fl annually to the royal caste office in Auerbach.

In 1402 the Auerbach citizen Peter Peßler (also Pestler ) received the hammer mill from Hartmann Fugler. In the same year King Ruprecht issued him a corresponding hammer letter . In 1410, Count Palatine Johann issued this Peter Peßler a mortgage note for 100 florins, which he had lent to the duke and for which he and his heirs were allowed to burn coal in the manorial forest. In 1427 Count Palatine Johann even granted Peter Peßler and his descendants on the Hammer the freedom of noblemen and at the same time allowed the establishment of a tavern. In the same year Pessler donates a Messbenefizium in the parish church Auerbach, called Pestlermesse.

In 1488 the hammer Ranna was registered in the Upper Palatinate hammer cleaning service as a rail hammer . Around 1500 the hammer Ranna seems to have burned down. At that time it still belonged to the Peßler family (also Pestler or Bestler ). It says: “Heintz Bestler, his wife Margreth and their son Wolf Bestler are increasing the number of their hammers burning down in their dispute with Hans Lewpolt zu Peteraw and Hans Meyler zu Getzelßberg, subjects of the German House of Nuremberg, whom they suspected To have been involved in the running and various goods of their subjects, the verdict of the Nuremberg Council, according to which the mutual claims are waived and they promise to release the imprisoned German order rearers Diepolt Sibenkeß in the Aw zu Semelßdorff without compensation on a primal feud . The representative of the German House is Wolfgang v. Eysenhoven, governor of the Ballei Franken and Komtur zu Ellingen. - Siegler: Heinz Bestler and Clement v. Wisentaw. ”In 1507, the Hammergut Ranna was sold to the noble brothers Paul and Pankratz Stieber, whose headquarters were in Buttenheim . In 1513, the hammer came to the Bamberg cathedral dean Georg Stieber, who owned it together with Paul Stieber's children.

In 1530 the city of Auerbach acquired the Ranna Hammergut from Hans Stieber for 3300 fl. The run-down hammer had to be rebuilt and furnished, which cost the city treasury a further 2,000 fl. The hammer house must have been an imposing building with a wall and tower. In 1572, the mayor Balthasar Weißmann appeared as the administrator of the municipal hammers Ranna and Steinamwasser . Until 1628 it was the mayors Sebastian Held, Erasmus Kotz, Paulus Schreiber and Georg Niller; their coats of arms can be seen on the ceiling of the St. Helena cemetery church in Auerbach. Around 1618, the hammer included 54 daily meadows and 28 ponds of various sizes; the largest pond comprised 16 days of work . During this time, a mill and a cutting saw appear in Ranna for the first time, and the settlement seems to have been at least partially fenced in, because in a forest bill from 1619 about the free delivery of wood to the residents it says: “After Ranna within the walls Wood was handed over in 1619. ”During the Thirty Years' War , Ranna was also damaged by the troop marches and the looting that went with it. In 1650 the Auerbach magistrate sent the following damage and condition report to the government in Amberg: “On the Hammer Ranna, the two farmhouses, the stables, a forge, the huts and the hydraulic engineering were completely destroyed. The other buildings of the Ranna hammer have also been ruined because all the windows and stoves have been broken out, the ironworks and even the bells taken away. The cultivation of the fields alone suffered 3,000 fl damage because the fields have hardly been cultivated for 22 years. The damage to the hammer mill, because it stood completely desolate for 12 years and the rest of the time could only be operated poorly, amounts to at least 13,200 florins in the 22 years. The fishing water of the Pegnitz, and especially the trout water, has often been completely robbed. " In 1661 the hammer mill in Ranna was repaired and a new hammer with its own new inlet was built. In addition to iron production and trading in iron, the local fishing industry was also very profitable for the city of Auerbach.

From 1805 to 1829 the manor owner Jakob von Sonnenburg (owner of Kirchenreinbach Castle and 1818-1824 mayor of Auerbach) leased the Ranna hammer mill from the city. He paid 330 fl lease a year. At that time the hammer house and the day laborer's houses were rebuilt. In 1807, by order of the government, the city sold the mill property together with the cutting saw, fields, meadows and forest rights to the previous tenant Georg Bauer, who was the highest bidder at the auction with 4137 fl. Karl Bauer, a son of the previous owner, was the owner of the mill from 1824–1850. He had also leased the hammer mill from 1829-1850 and made a significant fortune. At his death in 1850 he determined in his will with the sum of 16,000 fl that a dowry foundation of 200 fl for every child born in wedlock in Ranna, turned 20 and married.

After Karl Bauer's death, the town of Auerbach bought the mill property in Ranna back for 6500 fl in 1850 and leased it to the miller Johann Siegert von Metzenhof . Since the hammer could no longer be operated profitably due to the large amount of wood used, Auerbach finally sold the Ranna and Fischstein hammers to the state in 1859/60 . Mayor Leonhard Neumüller accepted 80,750 florins in silver cash in Regensburg on June 21, 1860 and transported the money in a wooden box on a simple cart to Auerbach. In 1862 the hammer house was demolished and in the following years most of the hammer buildings were also demolished. The miller Georg Michl Rauh von Zogenreuth acquired the rest of the property in 1865 and continued to operate the mill, which was frequently ravaged by fires in the following years.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hammersitz Ranna on the Bavarian Monument Atlas, accessed on August 8, 2020.
  2. ^ Georg Hager: The art monuments of the Kingdom of Bavaria - District Office Eschenbach . Munich 1909.

Coordinates: 49 ° 39 ′ 3.2 ″  N , 11 ° 34 ′ 11.3 ″  E