Altneuhaus Castle

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Old new house on the Bavarian cadastre

The Altneuhaus Castle is an abandoned hammer castle in the village of the same name Altneuhaus in the Upper Palatinate community of Grünwald in the Amberg-Sulzbach district of Bavaria , which was incorporated into the Grafenwöhr military training area and closed on May 8, 1937 . Altneuhaus was named on June 17, 1818, together with Altenweiher , Bernhof, Heringnohe , Kellerbühl, Kittenberg, Klausen , Sorghof , Schmütte and Schneidsäge as a district of Grünwald. In the BayernAtlas of the Bavarian State Office for the Preservation of Monuments , under the file number D-3-6336-0040, “underground medieval and early modern findings in the Altneuhaus desert , including the traces of an iron hammer with associated castle” are mentioned.

history

Altneuhaus was located directly on the so-called Hammerweiher, where the Grünwald stables were also located. In the west and north there were a number of ponds that were used for fish farming. The Hammer Altneuhaus is mentioned in the Bavarian Salbuch in 1326 as Hammer zu Newmhaus, Amt Amberg . The Hegner family lived here from 1387 to around 1600. In 1387 Hans Hegnein was assigned the hammer to the Newenhaws ; In 1444 the hammer for the Newenhaus is called and from 1665 Hammergut Neuhauss . The name Alt-Neuhaus did not appear until 1773, presumably to differentiate it from Neuhaus an der Pegnitz or from Neuhaus Castle near Windischeschenbach . Around 1600 the hammer came to the Heber family, then to the Kleßhammer family. In 1673 the owner Kleßhammer died and his widow married a Schreyer von Blumenthal, who also owned the Hammer Grünberg .

Because of the high debt of the Blumenthals, the hammer came to Hektor von Fischbach. He sold the hammer in 1722 due to bad business to the farmer Georg Graf from Oberweißbach , the ancestors of the von Grafenstein family on Gänlas, now a place in the Grafenwöhr military training area that has also been lost. Georg Graf handed over the estate and the hammer Altneuhaus to his older son, Johann Georg, the younger son Georg Graf received Heringnohe . As early as 1757 Johann Georg Graf was able to buy Gänlas Hammer from Maximilian von Blumenthal, who had come to Gant because of over-indebtedness . On December 2, 1757 Johann Georg Graf was elector Maximilian III. Joseph raised to the nobility “because, as a simple farmer, he was able to acquire two country estates with a lot of diligence and intelligence.” From then on, Johann Georg called himself “von Grafenstein”. His descendant Max Anton set up a leech breeding facility in six ponds belonging to the estate in 1840 ; Leeches played an important role in medical applications.

In 1873 the Bayreuth banker Friedrich Feustel (1824-1891) acquired the Altneuhaus estate. His son Franz Feustel (1851–1908) took over the estate in 1880 and “first let the hammer go down, but then, through great efforts in agriculture and fishing, gave Altneuhaus a healthy base again. In the 1890s he leased the sawmill to the trader Probst von Haag. ”In 1908, Franz Feustel's successor as landowner in Altneuhaus was his son Adolf. Franz Feustel also acquired the Langenbruck estate in 1887 , which he then sold to his brother Christian in 1891. In 1904 he acquired the Hellziechen hammer mill and sold both properties to Fritz Persch in 1913. In 1936, the Bayreuth Army Construction Office was founded and commissioned to set up a troop camp in the Altneuhaus area. The last owner of the old new house, Christian Streng, who had acquired the property from Volksbank Vilseck in 1936, was replaced in 1937. The Altneuhaus troop camp was named Südlager.

After the end of World War II , the Americans set up a training center for tank units in the Vilseck south camp. In memory of the commander of the 3rd American Armored Division , Major General Maurice Rose , who died on March 30, 1945 near Paderborn , the southern camp was given the additional designation Rose Barracks .

Manor Altneuhaus (1900)

Construction

The manor house of the Hammergut was a two-storey property with gables on two sides. It was covered with a hipped roof. Until 1951, the castle housed the military forestry office (former army forestry office) of the Grafenwöhr military training area.

The Altneuhaus estate also had a chapel on the left at the entrance. It had a small baroque onion dome and was St. Consecrated to Mary Magdalene . The tower hood was later placed on a former stable of the drawn artillery, which had been converted into the "south camp chapel".

In the west and north of the Hammergut Altneuhaus there were a number of ponds that were used for fish farming and later also for the breeding of leeches. From 1716 onwards, the Altneuhaus estate also included the Fischhof, so-called after the fish farm that was intensively farmed on it. This originally independent farm was first mentioned in a document in 1565 as "Vischhof", belonging to a subject of the Vilseck office. In 1602 it is described as "Vischhoff located on the Hamer zu Neuen Hauß". In 1812 it appears again under Altneuhaus as “the so-called fish farm, consisting of fields and meadows”.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Georg Leingärtner : Amberg district judge . Ed .: Commission for Bavarian State History (=  Historical Atlas of Bavaria . Old Bavaria, Issue 24). Munich 1971, ISBN 3-7696-9800-2 , p. 153 , above ( = 2Digitalisat [accessed on July 20, 2020]).
  2. ↑ Altneuhaus in the Bavaria Atlas, accessed on August 1, 2020.

Coordinates: 49 ° 38 ′ 3.3 "  N , 11 ° 47 ′ 1.4"  E