Kürmreuth Castle

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Kürmreuth Castle
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Creation time : Medieval
Castle type : Hilltop castle
Conservation status: Burgstall, remains of the wall
Standing position : Ministerialenburg
Construction: Wall remains and keep as a church tower
Place: Kürmreuth - Koenigstein
Geographical location 49 ° 37 '18.6 "  N , 11 ° 41' 10.7"  E Coordinates: 49 ° 37 '18.6 "  N , 11 ° 41' 10.7"  E
Kürmreuth Castle (Bavaria)
Kürmreuth Castle

The castle Kürmreuth is an exception of a few remnants Outbound hilltop castle in the district Kürmreuth the Upper Palatinate market Koenigstein in Amberg-Sulzbach of Bavaria . The remains of the castle are located on a dolomite rock that slopes steeply on three sides right next to the Simultankirche St. Laurentius .

history

Kürmreuth ("Churbenriut") was first mentioned in 1121 as the Bamberg ministerial seat . The Bamberg possessions in the Nordgau came to the Counts of Sulzbach in the 12th century and to the Wittelsbachers in 1305 . In 1383, Duke Friedrich of Bavaria sold the seat and fortress of Kürmreuth with all the righteous to the knight Erhard the Kürmreuther, with the exception of the blood spell , the high hunt and the protection of the land. In 1490 Moritz Kürmreuther received protection from various subjects of Kürmreuth from Duke Albrecht IV. In the Landshut War of Succession , Kürmreuth was captured and probably destroyed. With the office of Sulzbach, Kürmreuth came to the newly created Duchy of Palatinate-Neuburg in 1505 .

In the 16th century, the Kürmreuther property was divided into two parts. In 1543 a Moritz Sandl appeared next to the Kürmreuthern as a Landsasse . In 1562 Christoph von Kürmreuth and Sigmund Fürer were certified as owners, whereby it is said that “everyone has a seat there”. At that time there was also another castle in Kürmreuth (so-called "Lower Castle Kürmreuth"), the location of which can no longer be determined. In 1573 a Kürmreuther and Hans Muffling paid hereditary homage . In addition, the widow of Alexander von Kürmreuth was called born Müffling. As a result, the ownership situation is confusing, since in 1573 Jakob Kürmreuther and Hans Muffling are mentioned as Landsassen, on the other hand in 1578 Hans Muffling, called Weiß, and Sigmund Fürer are mentioned as owners. In 1594 Hans Jakob von der Grün bought one property from the Kürmreuthern. In 1623 Christoph Peter von Brand named himself after Kürmreuth. 1630 Hans Paul von Rupp is registered as a Landsasse. In 1649 the two seats of Ober- and Unterkürmreuth were reunited in one hand. Johann von Edelburg enlarged his property by purchasing several feudal fiefs from the Palatinate-Sulzbach region . The next year he sold the Unterkürmreuth headquarters, which he had bought from Wolf Philipp von Brand, to Rudolf van der Brüggen. In 1651, the new owner received the tavern and the parish protection from the sovereign as a fief. In 1686 the upper castle was inspected and construction defects were found on the roof. In 1717 the castle was damaged by a storm wind. In 1721 the castle was managed by a stock . In 1799 the widow Maria Anna Ströhlin sold the country estate to Andreas von Grafenstein. In 1809 Maria Theresie Baroness von Grafenstein was the owner of the Patrimonial Court in Hofmark. After her death in 1814 the property passed to her only son, Jakob von Sonnenburg zu Auerbach . On May 26, 1821, approval was given to establish a first class patrimonial court, in 1822 it was converted into a second class patrimonial court and in 1843 jurisdiction was transferred to the Bavarian state.

In 1818, Kürmreuth was a municipality in the Sulzbach district court. In 1838 the Vilseck Regional Court was formed, to which Kürmreuth, which was previously part of the Sulzbach Regional Court, was added. In 1862 the district courts of Vilseck and Amberg were merged to form the district court of Amberg .

Construction

In the 19th century the castle was demolished except for the remains. The wall of a building and the defensive walls of the church fortifications have been preserved , presumably the former curtain wall . This churchyard wall still has several key notches , and a round tower of the fortification is still preserved. The tower of the church also has a defensive character and arose from the keep of the castle.

literature

  • Stefan Helml: Castles and palaces in the Amberg-Sulzbach district . Druckhaus Oberpfalz, Amberg 1991, pp. 140-143.
  • Max Piendl: Duchy of Sulzbach, District Judge Sulzbach . (= Historical Atlas of Bavaria, Altbayern Series I, Issue 10). Commission for Bavarian State History. Verlag Michael Lassleben, Munich 1957, p. 64f.
  • Karl Wächter, Günter Moser: In the footsteps of knights and nobles in the district of Amberg-Sulzbach. Druckhaus Oberpfalz, Amberg 1992, p. 36.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Max Piendl : Duchy of Sulzbach, District Judge Office Sulzbach . Ed .: Commission for Bavarian State History (=  Historical Atlas of Bavaria . Old Bavaria Series I, Issue 10). Munich 1957, p. 24 , above ( Digitale-sammlungen.de [accessed July 9, 2020]).
  2. ^ Georg Leingärtner : Amberg I - Amberg district judge. Ed .: Commission for Bavarian State History (=  Historical Atlas of Bavaria . Old Bavaria, Issue 24). Munich 1971, ISBN 3-7696-9800-2 , p. 146 , above ( digital-sammlungen.de [accessed July 9, 2020]).