Myślibórz
| Myślibórz | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | West Pomerania | ||
| Powiat : | Myślibórz | ||
| Area : | 15.04 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 52 ° 55 ' N , 14 ° 52' E | ||
| Residents : | 11,151 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Postal code : | 74-300 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 95 | ||
| License plate : | ZMY | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | DK 23 Myślibórz - Sarbinowo | ||
| DK 26 Krajnik Dolny - Renice | |||
| Ext. 128 Rów - Ławy | |||
| Rail route : | no rail connection | ||
| Next international airport : | Poses | ||
| Gmina | |||
| Gminatype: | Urban and rural municipality | ||
| Gmina structure: | 27 districts | ||
| Surface: | 328.33 km² | ||
| Residents: | 19,822 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Population density : | 60 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Community number ( GUS ): | 3210043 | ||
| Administration (as of 2015) | |||
| Mayor : | Piotr Sobolewski | ||
| Address: | Rynek im. Jana Pawła II 1 74-300 Myślibórz |
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| Website : | www.mysliborz.pl | ||
Myślibórz [mɨˈɕlʲibuʂ] ( German Soldin ) is a city in the southwest of the Polish West Pomeranian Voivodeship . It is the district town and seat of the urban and rural community of Gmina Myślibórz in the Powiat Myśliborski ( Soldin District ).
Geographical location
The city lies in the Neumark at the outflow of the Myśla (Miezel) from the Jezioro Myśliborskie (Soldiner Lake) , at 76 m above sea level. NHN , about 40 kilometers northwest of the city of Gorzów Wielkopolski (Landsberg an der Warthe) . The Soldiner See is part of an approximately 50 km² lake area; the outflow of the Myśla, which is a tributary of the Oder , is on the south bank.
history
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In the 10th century, Slavs settled in the place where Soldin was later built and built a wooden castle on the lake shore, which was protected by a wall and a moat. It lasted until the 13th century, but then fell into disrepair. The Dominican Order , founded in 1215, set up accommodation in Soldin in 1228 as a transit station for traveling friars , and the Templars acquired the Soldin Castle in 1234. They sold the castle to the Brandenburg margraves Johann I and Otto III just 27 years later . including 300 Hufen land on the Miezel River.
The provost of Zantoch was transferred to Soldin in 1270, and the following year a town of Soldin was first mentioned in a document. After the Dominicans built a monastery in 1275, Soldin had gained so much importance that it became the capital of the Neumark . At his Oberhof, which u. a. the jurisdiction of Bärwalde and Berlinchen was subject, was judged according to the Strausberg law.
In 1309, the Margraves of Brandenburg sold their claims to the Duchy of Pomerania to the Teutonic Order in the Treaty of Soldin .
The city suffered setbacks in the first half of the 14th century. First there was a famine in 1311, which killed a third of the population. After that, the city got into the conflict over the " False Waldemar ", as a result of which the castle was destroyed. The market rights granted in 1352 helped to stop the decline, because from then on the traders passing through were forced to offer their goods in the city. From 1355 on, annual fairs were held regularly.
In 1402 Soldin and the entire Neumark came under the ownership of the Teutonic Order . Soldin was destroyed in a Hussite attack in 1433. In 1455 the Neumark was founded by the Brandenburg Elector Friedrich II . bought back. On January 21, 1466 here Brandenburg and shut Pomerania the Treaty of Soldin through the Brandenburg suzerainty over Pomerania.
The 16th century brought little good to the city. When Neumark split off from Brandenburg in 1535, the margravial court was moved from Soldin to Küstrin . Four years later, the city was destroyed by a great fire. The Dominican monastery was closed during the Reformation . The Thirty Years' War also left its mark, in 1627 2,500 imperial soldiers took up quarters and wreaked havoc. At that time, about 2300 people lived in the city. They had to experience how their city fell victim to another fire in 1655. Only at the beginning of the 18th century could Soldin be rebuilt with the help of the Prussian king. A Prussian garrison was moved to the city, and in 1772 Frederick II made 50,000 thalers available to build new houses. At the end of the 18th century Soldin had 2,700 inhabitants, most of them cloth makers, shoemakers or farmers .
At first, Soldin had little share in the industrial boom of the 19th century, because modern transport routes ran away from the city. The road to Küstrin was not completed until 1848, and 40 years later it was connected to the Stargard – Küstrin line. However, Soldin gained in importance when the administrative seat of the district was moved to the city in 1837 . Especially under the aegis of the Royal Secret Council and District Administrator Karl Krummacher, it was possible to gain important centrality functions for the young district town. In 1898 a power station was built and a year later the public water pipeline was laid.
At the beginning of the 20th century Soldin had two Protestant churches, a Catholic church, a synagogue and was the seat of a local court . In 1912 another railway connection to Landsberg was created. 170 soldiers from Soldin were killed in the First World War .
Until 1945 the town belonged to Soldin circle Soldin in the administrative district of Frankfurt of the German Reich .
Towards the end of the Second World War , the city was overrun by the front on January 31, 1945 and taken by the Red Army without a fight. Due to an incident on February 3, 1945, with the killing of a Red Army soldier by a Soldiner citizen, the Red Army retaliated with the taking hostage of around 160 male Soldiner residents, 120 of whom were shot on February 7, 1945 and in a mass grave were buried outside the city. After the discovery and opening of the mass grave in 1995, a memorial stone commemorates this war crime.
Neuchâtel Gate today
Neuchâtel Gate, back
Pyritz Gate
Pyritzer Tor, back
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Soon after the occupation by the Soviet troops, Soldin was placed under the administration of the People's Republic of Poland . The immigration of Poles began, some of which came from the areas east of the Curzon Line . The city was renamed Myślibórz . In the following period, the local Polish administrative authorities evicted the local population .
Demographics
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1750 | 2240 | |
| 1801 | 2686 | including five Jewish families with 96 individuals |
| 1816 | 2991 | |
| 1840 | 4812 | in 474 residential buildings, including St. Gertraudshof, Louisenthal, Schlegelsburg, Sophienstein, Wilhelmsburg |
| 1855 | 5313 | including 29 Catholics and 120 Jews |
| 1867 | 5519 | on December 3rd |
| 1871 | 6143 | on December 1, including 5965 Protestants, 92 Catholics, two other Christians, 82 Jews, two others |
| 1875 | 6295 | |
| 1880 | 6167 | |
| 1890 | 6261 | including 48 Catholics and 97 Jews |
| 1905 | 5704 | including 115 Catholics and 70 Jews |
| 1910 | 5565 | on December 1st |
| 1933 | 6284 | |
| 1939 | 6123 |
traffic
The railway line (Stargard Szczeciński -) Pyrzyce (Pyritz) - Küstrin ran through the city until 2002, just like trunk road 26 from Krajnik Dolny ( Nieder Kränig near Schwedt / Oder ) to Renice (Rehnitz) , while trunk road 3 ran six kilometers to the east walking past the city. The trunk road 23 connects the district town with the southeast of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship , where it meets the trunk road 31 ( Stettin - Słubice / Frankfurt (Oder) ) near Sarbinowo .
Attractions
- The parish church of St. John the Baptist is a three-aisled, brick- Gothic hall church from the 14th century. The lower half of the massive front tower with a high needle helmet is early Gothic and was made of field stones in the 13th century
- The classicist town hall from 1772 on the market square
- The former Gothic Dominican monastery
- Gertraudenkapelle from the 15th century
- The Gothic Chapel of the Holy Spirit from the 14th century, profaned since the Reformation, houses the Regional Museum of the Soldin Lake District (Muzeum Pojezierza Myśliborskiego) .
- Remains of the medieval city wall with the Neuchâtel and Pyritz city gates as well as the powder tower from the 13th / 14th centuries. Century.
Old city coat of arms
Former Polish city arms
Town twinning
Sister cities of Myślibórz are
- Kaunas (Lithuania)
- Neuhardenberg (Germany, Brandenburg)
- Soltau (Germany, Lower Saxony)
Others
The Soldiner Kiez in the Berlin district of Gesundbrunnen , known today for its social problems , was named after the Soldiner Strasse that runs straight through it .
local community
The urban and rural community is divided into the eponymous main town, the town of Myślibórz, and 26 other districts (Sołectwa) ( italics = former German names ):
Czółnów (inches) , Dalsze (Wolter village) , Dąbrowa (Eichwerder) , Derczewo (Dertzow) , Głazów (Glasow) , Golenice (Schildberg) , Gryżyno (Griese field) , Kierzków (Kerkow) , Kolonia Myśliborzyce , Kruszwin (Simon village) , Listomie ( Wilhelm Burg) , Ławy (Brugge) , Myśliborzyce (Mietzelfelde) , Nawrocko (love field) , Otanów (Wuthenow) , Pniów (Pinnow) , Prądnik (house Werder) , Pszczelnik (Kuhdamm) , Renice (Rehnitz) , Rościn (Rostin) , Rów ( Rufen) , Sitno (Hohenziethen) , Sulimierz (Adamsdorf) , Wierzbnica (Werblitz) , Wierzbówek (Gut Werblitz) and Zgoda (Louisenthal)
This includes other localities (Miejscowości niesołeckie) ( italics = former German names ):
Personalities
sons and daughters of the town
- Johann Caspar Hindersin (April 19, 1667 - 1738) - Prussian master builder
- Friedrich Wilhelm von Dossow (December 17, 1669 - March 28, 1758), Prussian field marshal
- Christoph Theodosius Walther (December 20, 1699 - April 29, 1741) - pietistic preacher, philologist and missionary
- Gustav Adolf von Strantz (March 2, 1784 - August 14, 1865) - Prussian lieutenant general
- August Piepenhagen (born August 2, 1791 - † September 27, 1868) - landscape painter
- Daniel Lessmann (January 18, 1794 - September 2, 1831) - historian and poet
- Hermann Kennemann (born January 4, 1815 - † April 11, 1910) - large landowner and state economics councilor
- Heino Schmieden (born May 15, 1835 - † September 7, 1913) - architect
- Emil von Schenckendorff (born May 21, 1837 - March 1, 1915) - Prussian reform pedagogue, politician (NLP) and MdPrA
- Max Fesca (born March 31, 1846 - † October 31, 1917) - soil and crop scientist
- Albert Vater (March 17, 1859 - February 7, 1923), politician
- Georg Miethe (born March 24, 1863 - † January 8, 1939), Lord Mayor and honorary citizen of Gleiwitz
- Max Pagel (born September 19, 1863 - † November 13, 1943) - Director of Deutsches Präzisions-Kettenwerk AG
- Konrad Schliephacke (May 2, 1879 - April 3, 1940) - politician (National Socialist Freedom Party)
- Hans Knospe (born August 3, 1899 - † April 14, 1999) - photographer
- Fritz Leese (born March 6, 1909, † October 19, 2004) - puppeteer and puppet theater director
- Wolfgang E. Struck (born February 16, 1920 - February 14, 1989) - director and general manager
- Hildegard Grunert (born June 20, 1920 - April 24, 2013) - painter and ceramist
- Otto Höhne (born July 30, 1926) - sports official
- Jörg Lüderitz (born January 9, 1935) - bookseller and author
- Gisela Kallenbach (born March 28, 1944) - MEP for Alliance 90 / The Greens
Honorary citizen
- Wolfgang Buhr (born May 27, 1932) - German politician, for his many years of commitment in the city partnership with Soltau
Born in the rural community
- Martin Gensichen (born November 10, 1842 in Dertzow; † 1927) - Lutheran theologian
- Louis Ferdinand Prince of Prussia (born August 25, 1944 in Golzow, † 1977).
literature
- Georg Wilhelm von Raumer : The Neumark Brandenburg in 1337 or Margrave Ludwig's the elder Neumärkisches Landbuch from this time . Nicolai, Berlin 1837, pp. 24-27, paragraph 6.
- Friedrich Wilhelm August Bratring : Statistical-topographical description of the entire Mark Brandenburg . Volume 3, Berlin 1809, pp. 129-132 .
- Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Mark Brandenburg and the Margraviate Nieder-Lausitz in the middle of the 19th century . Volume 3, Brandenburg 1864, pp. 437-440.
- W. Riehl and J. Scheu (eds.): Berlin and the Mark Brandenburg with the Margraviate Nieder-Lausitz in their history and in their present existence . Berlin 1861, pp. 431-433.
- Contributions to the history of the Neumärk capital and district town of Soldin . In: Prussia-Brandenburg miscommunication . Year 1804, Volume 1, Berlin 1805, pp. 35–42.
Web links
- Web presence of the city and municipality of Myślibórz (Polish)
- Website about the city (polish)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
- ↑ Website of the city, Władze Miasta i Gminy ( Memento of the original from March 11, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed January 27, 2015
- ↑ a b c Meyer's Large Conversation Lexicon . 6th edition, Volume 18, Leipzig / Vienna 1909, p. 577 ( online ).
- ^ Heinrich Gottfried Philipp Gengler: Regesta and documents on the constitutional and legal history of German cities in the Middle Ages. Erlangen, 1863, S. 102 .
- ↑ Soldiner hostage murder . In: Focus . 18/1995.
- ↑ For the complete expulsion of the inhabitants of the Neumark see Paweł Rutkowski (Ed.): Streifzüge between Oder and Drage. Encounter with the Neumark , Deutsches Kulturforum, Potsdam 2012, ISBN 978-3-936168-44-0 , p. 14 f., On Soldin p. 148.
- ↑ a b Riehl and Scheu (1861), pp. 431–433.
- ↑ a b Friedrich Wilhelm August Bratring : Description of the entire Mark Brandenburg . Volume 3: Die Neumark Brandenburg , Berlin 1809, p. 130 ( online ).
- ↑ Alexander August Mützell and Leopold Krug : New topographical-statistical-geographical dictionary of the Prussian state . Volume 4: P – S , Halle 1823, p. 340, item 5357.
- ↑ Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Frankfurt ad O. Gustav Harnecker's bookstore, Frankfurt a. O. 1844, p. 176, no. 4 ( online ).
- ↑ a b Royal Statistical Bureau: The communities and manor districts of the Prussian state and their population . Part II: Province of Brandenburg , Berlin 1873, pp. 126–127, No. 4 ( online ).
- ↑ a b c d e Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. soldin.html # ew39sldsoldinst. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ www.gemeindeververzeichnis.de .
- ↑ Website of the city ( Memento of the original from October 2, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ [1]
- ↑ Max Pagel Memorial Book of the Federal Republic of Germany.
Urban and rural communities: Barlinek (Berlinchen) | Dębno (Neudamm) | Myślibórz (Soldin)
Rural communes : Boleszkowice (Fürstenfelde) | Nowogródek Pomorski (Neuchâtel)