St. John the Baptist (Mönchberg)
| Church of St. John the Baptist Mönchberg |
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|---|---|
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| surface | 615 square meters |
| length | 37 meters |
| width | 13.8 meters |
| Height tower | 49 meters |
| Height fore and aft | 11.35 meters |
| Base thickness | 1.30 meters |
| Wall thickness | 1.06 meters |
| Wall thickness tower | 1.70 meters |
| Span ceiling | 11.50 meters |
| Seating fore and aft | 36 × 6 (= 216) |
| Number of bells | 4th |
The Church of St. John the Baptist in Mönchberg is a baroque church building in Markt Mönchberg in the Lower Franconian district of Miltenberg in Bavaria .
history
The name Manno Gebur , the origin of the monk part of the place name, refers to the building of Manno, the first owner of the post office , which was the origin of Mönchberg. Founded there Burg Menne fee for the first time in a document mentioned in the year 1215 and the same place 1250. 1401 had Mönchsberg already own parish with its own church and the Holy Wendelin consecrated chapel , which was about a kilometer from the main church. In addition to the pastor , there was an assistant priest for pastoral care . The residents of the castle had their own early messner and early messner garden. One of the oldest wayside shrines on the Lower Main is on the main road . This is dated to the middle of the 15th century and contains a depiction of Saint Martin of Tours in the shaft , which indicates that Mönchberg belonged to the original parish of St. Martin in Wörth .
The old church and the Joseph chapel
The first church stood on the site of today's church and was also dedicated to John the Baptist . Like the new church, this church already had side altars consecrated to Our Lady and Saint Wendelin . The turret had three bells and a tower clock . The cemetery was located, as it was common practice around the church. Behind the church there was an ossuary that was demolished in 1702 to make way for a chapel dedicated to Saint Joseph , which stood until 1748.
The new church
In 1744 the second small Wendelinus Chapel from 1676 was replaced by a new building by the master builder Johann Martin Schmitt from Miltenberg . This building is on the road to Schmachtenberg , where the roads to Schmachtenberg, Röllbach , Eschau , Mechenhard and Erlenbach cross. The Wendelinus Chapel was a milestone in the new construction of the church, which was finally started in 1748. The old church and the Joseph chapel were demolished and the new church built on the same site. The altar of the old church was moved to the new Wendelinus chapel after it was demolished. The local pastor Johann Philipp Janson († 1758) from Ottersheim in the Palatinate , who was in office in Mönchberg from 1748, was in charge of the new church building. Mönchberg's former mayor, Eduard Schmitt, described him in 2001 as the “real creator of the church” .
The community Mönchsberg counted 1748 560 inhabitants. Due to the management of the forest belonging to the community , the village was prosperous, so nothing stood in the way of financing the new church. The approval process was initiated by the mayor and the archbishop's chamber secretariat in Aschaffenburg with Archbishop and Elector Johann Friedrich Karl von Ostein in Mainz . The sale of firewood brought in 23,788.00 guilders , which was enough to finance the new building. The builder Johann Martin Schmitt from Miltenberg was finally commissioned with the construction of the new church after the Wendelinus chapel was built, as they were very satisfied with his performance in the construction of the chapel. Before the start of construction, the building site was cleared, which was carried out within one day from 5 a.m. to 7 p.m. In addition to the demolition work, a barn also had to be moved, which Pastor Janson had unceremoniously built under with rollers and moved away. The builder coordinated the activities of bricklayers , carpenters and roofers . The laying of the foundation stone was celebrated at the end of 1749 . The foundation stone is below the pulpit . In 1751 the church was consecrated by the Mainz auxiliary bishop Christoph Nebel . In 1755 the Way of the Cross was installed and the stations consecrated. Until 1814 the church belonged to the Archdiocese of Mainz .
Situation in the 21st century
Today the parish is part of the parish community of St. Wendelinus , which also includes the parishes of St. Peter and Paul and St. Margareta in Röllbach and the Curate of St. John the Baptist and St. John the Evangelist in the Schmachtenberg district .
architecture
The vault shape was realized by quarter-circle wooden beams that were attached to the upper cornice. The entire ceiling was covered with battens and reed mats and then plastered. In the middle of the attic there is a beam with a cross section of 49/30 cm. The roof beams are attached to this. The ceiling was suspended from the load-bearing structure of the roof with posts that serve as a tie. the wood from the Franconian Forest used for the roof structure was transported on the Main by raftsmen . The nave has a gabled roof , which with slate is covered. The roof is hipped over the octagonal choir . On the west side there are two galleries with the organ by HJ Hugo from Aschaffenburg. The bell house has a cross vault . The 170 cm thick walls of the bell house support the 49 m high church tower . To the north of the choir is the sacristy , which was rebuilt in 1994. Well-known craftsmen from Hardheim , Erbach , Wörth, Aschaffenburg, Mainz and Wiesenstein were involved in the original construction work .
Facility
Choir room and altar
The high altar carved by Johann Georg Dechent from Wörth takes up the entire width of the choir. The altar leaf painted by Johann Conrad Bechtold with a size of 4 × 2 meters depicts the baptism of Christ by the namesake of the church, John the Baptist . Since 1751, it was restored in 1919 and 1954. The three-part altar has two side passages and eight straight columns on high pedestals . The tabernacle in the middle was rebuilt in 1899 by Ludwig Link from Würzburg . The candlestick benches were raised, the tabernacle was provided with lockable doors and an adoring cherubim was placed on each side . A representation of the Holy Spirit hovers in the round window above the altarpiece . Between the inner columns are two 210 cm high statues of St. Peter and St. Paul , which were purchased in 1899 at the instigation of Pastor Heim. They were created in 1726 in the sculpture workshop of Leonhard Gollwitzer from Bamberg . In addition, between the columns there are depictions of St. Roch and St. Nepomuk , which were made by the Miltenberg sculptor Nagel. The two side altars, made by the sculptor Ernst Hofmann from Aschaffenburg, were erected 30 years after the consecration . The Marian altar on the left is (meanwhile) equipped with a figure that was carried in processions before 1899 . Before that, there was a life-size Pietà from the 17th century, which was placed next to the right staircase to the gallery. The assistant figures represent St. Jude Thaddäus and St. James . The figures of the Wendelinus altar represent St. Sebastian and St. Anthony next to St. Wendelin .
Pulpit, stalls, naves
The pulpit with sound cover by Dechent from Wörth dates from the time when the church was built. The tombstone of Katharina von Aulenbach, who died in 1605, is located in the bell house . A shell cartouche with the name of Jesus can be seen on the ceiling above the high altar . At the request of Pastor Janson , the entire church and choir ceiling was decorated with frescoes , which were executed by the painter Johann Conrad Bechtold (1698–1786). The ceiling of the nave is divided into three medallions depicting scenes from the life of St. Wendelin. The ascension of the namesake Johannes is depicted in the choir room. The four confessionals are from Dechent. The Stations of the Cross are from the early 18th century. The cheeks of the benches in the nave have been preserved in the original.
organ
The organ was installed in 1899 by GF Steinmeyer from Oettingen , overhauled in 1985 and cleaned in 1994. It has 2 manuals and 20 stops . The prospectus above the second gallery comes from the first organ by HJ Hugo. On the upper cornices are angels making music with harp , violin , trombone and flute and another angel as a conductor .
Bells
In 1778, the three bells of the abandoned St. Michaelis Church in Grubingen , which had been abandoned in 1630, were bought. At that time, the Mönchberger's big bell broke. With the bells from Grubingen you then had a total of six bells. From these they had four new ones poured, "by a bell founder who was a French and lived in Aschaffenburg at the time". In the First and Second World War in 1917 and 1942 bells were confiscated. Of the four bells in the bell tower , three have been preserved. The oldest bell still in existence today is the apostle bell from 1819, cast by Re. Bustelli in Aschaffenburg. She survived the Second World War in a camp and returned in 1947. In 1926 the community had the Klaus company from Heidingsfeld cast a new Joseph bell, the baptismal bell. This remained in the Second World War. After the Second World War, the church received two bronze bells in 1952 from the Otto bell foundry in Bremen-Hemelingen.
| No. | Year of casting / founder | Surname | Mass in kg |
Chime | inscription |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1952 Otto , Hemelingen | St. John the Baptist | 1,400 | it' | Nos templumque Dei coserva sancte Johannes tua ad Coelum fac veniamus ope. / After war and suffering in difficult times, I rose to a new sound. |
| 2 | 1819 Re. Bustelli , Aschaffenburg | St. Peter and Paul | 630 | ges ′ | |
| 3 | 1952 Otto , Hemelingen | St. Mary | 560 | as ′ | O clemens, o pia, o dulcis virgo Maria, Immaculata in coelum assumpta. / Dear Mary with the child, give us all your blessings. |
| 4th | 1926 Klaus Brothers , Heidingsfeld | St. Joseph | 400 | b ′ |
The total weight of all four bells is 2,990 kg, they ring in the prefatory motif.
literature
- Eduard Schmitt: Church leader of the Catholic parish church “St. John the Baptist ”Mönchberg - Festschrift on the occasion of the 250th anniversary of the consecration of the parish church (1751–2001) . Ed .: Catholic parish Mönchberg. 1st edition. Specialist publisher for church photography EK SERVICE Porth, Saarbrücken 2001, DNB 963798146 .
- Eduard Schmitt: Mönchberger Kirchengeschichte , Mönchberg, 2001, Caruna Druck, Kleinheubach
Web links
- Site of the parish of St. John the Baptist
- Website of the Mönchberg parish council
- Side of the Mönchberg market
- Church on the side of the Diocese of Würzburg
- Church on spessartland.de
- Church on spessart-main-odenwald.bayern-online.de
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Church leader of the Catholic parish church "St. John the Baptist" Mönchberg - Festschrift on the occasion of the 250th anniversary of the parish church's consecration (1751–2001)
- ^ Website of the parish on parish history
- ^ Website about Pastor Janson with his picture in the church
- ^ Eduard Schmitt: Mönchberger Kirchengeschichte , Mönchberg, 2001, Caruna Druck, Kleinheubach, p. 23
- ↑ Website of the parish - Our parish today , accessed on July 16, 2012.
- ^ Website of the Mönchberg parish on Johann Conrad Bechtold and the church painting ( memento of the original from November 17, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b website of the parish - the church inside , accessed on: July 16, 2012.
- ^ Würzburger Diözesan Geschichtsblätter, Volume 55. (PDF; 912 KB) Special volume. Diocese of Würzburg, 1993, p. 77 , archived from the original on June 2, 2016 ; accessed on April 5, 2018 .
- ^ Gerhard Reinhold: Otto bells. Family and company history of the Otto bell foundry dynasty . Self-published, Essen 2019, ISBN 978-3-00-063109-2 , p. 588, especially page 550 .
- ↑ Gerhard Reinhold: Church bells - Christian world cultural heritage, illustrated using the example of the bell founder Otto, Hemelingen / Bremen . Nijmegen / NL 2019, p. 556, especially p. 507 , urn : nbn: nl: ui: 22-2066 / 204770 (dissertation at Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen).
Coordinates: 49 ° 47 '30.4 " N , 9 ° 16' 4.1" E