Toplița (Hunedoara)

Toplița
Királybánytoplica

Basic data

State :

Romania

Historical region :

Transylvania

Circle :

Hunedoara

Coordinates :

45 ° 41 ' N , 22 ° 47' E Coordinates: 45 ° 41 '11 " N , 22 ° 47' 12" E

Time zone :

EET ( UTC +2)

Height :

372 m

Area :

50.75 km²

Residents :

715 (October 20, 2011)

Population density :

14 inhabitants per km²

Postal code :

337480

Telephone code :

(+40) 02 54

License plate :

HD

Structure and administration (as of 2016)

Community type :

local community

Structure :

Toplița, Curpenii Silvașului , Dăbâca , Dealu Mic , Goleș , Hășdău , Mosoru , Vălari

Mayor :

Nicolae Cerișer ( PNL )

Postal address :

Str. Principală, no. 36
loc. Toplița, jud. Hunedoara, RO-337480

Website :

www.toplita-hunedoara.ro

Toplița [ ˈtoplit͡sa ] ( Hungarian Királybánytoplica or Toplica ) is a municipality in the Hunedoara district in Transylvania , Romania .

Geographical location

Location of Toplița in the Hunedoara district

The municipality of Toplița is located in the southwest of the Transylvanian Basin , north of the Poiana-Ruscă Mountains . At the Cerna - a left tributary of the Mureș ( Mieresch ) - in the center of the Hunedoara district, the place is on the district road ( drum județean ) DJ 687D, about 21 kilometers southwest of Hunedoara ( iron market ); the district capital Deva ( Diemrich ) is about 37 kilometers north of Toplița.

The incorporated villages are located 1.2–3.4 kilometers from the community center and can only be reached on partially poorly paved gravel roads.

history

The place Toplița was first mentioned in 1482. However, according to findings in the area of the incorporated village of Goleș (ung. Golles ), settlement in the region goes back to the Early Bronze Age . Melting furnaces and hammer forges have been mentioned in documents since 1511. These were finally shut down in 1850–1865.

In the middle of the 18th century, the Archduchy of Austria promoted new technology for the production of iron . From 1778–1779, research to increase iron production was undertaken under the direction of Franz Joseph Müller von Reichenstein . On July 13, 1781, the first blast furnace in Toplița was put into operation. In 1787, 528 tons of iron were produced here on 112 days from 1,563.9 tons of ore .

The main occupations of the population today are agriculture, forestry and livestock.

population

At the time of the admission in 1850, 1,376 people lived in the area of today's municipality. 1186 of them were Romanians , 130 Germans , 52 Roma and eight Hungarians . The highest population of the municipality (2202) - at the same time that of the Romanians (2095) and that of the Hungarians (92) - was reached in 1910. The highest number of Germans and Roma were counted in 1850. In addition, in 1890 and 1966 one resident referred to themselves as Slovak . Since 1910 the population has been steadily declining. In 2002, 882 people lived on the territory of the municipality of Toplița, 880 of whom were Romanians and two were Hungarians.

Attractions

The ruins of a furnace , built in 1781, are listed as a historical monument.
In the incorporated village of Vălari (ung. Valár ) the wooden church Sf. Nicolae , built in the 17th century, is a listed building.