Ghelari

Ghelari Gyalár
Basic data
State :	Romania
Historical region :	Transylvania
Circle :	Hunedoara
Coordinates :	45 ° 43 '  N , 22 ° 47'  E Coordinates: 45 ° 42 '47 "  N , 22 ° 47' 25"  E
Time zone :	EET ( UTC +2)
Height :	745  m
Area :	46.83  km²
Residents :	1,983 (October 20, 2011)
Population density :	42 inhabitants per km²
Postal code :	337240
Telephone code :	(+40) 02 54
License plate :	HD
Structure and administration (as of 2016)
Community type :	local community
Structure :	Ghelari, Govăjdia , Plop , Ruda
Mayor :	Ioan Bulbucan ( PSD )
Postal address :	St. Rusca, no. 5 loc. Ghelari, jud. Hunedoara, RO-337240
Website :	www.ghelari-primarie.ro

Ghelari [ ˈgelarʲ ] (outdated Ghelar ; Hungarian Gyalár ) is a municipality in the Hunedoara district , in Transylvania , Romania .

The place is rarely known under the German name Gelar .

Geographical location

Location of the municipality of Ghelari in Hunedoara County

Located in the southwest of Transylvania, the municipality is roughly in the center of the Hunedoara district. The municipality is located in the eastern foothills of the Poiana-Ruscă Mountains on an area of ​​around 4700 hectares . Ghelari is located on the county road ( drum județean ) DJ 687E, about 20 kilometers southwest of Hunedoara ; the district capital Deva ( Diemrich ) about 35 kilometers north of Ghelari.

history

The place Ghelari itself was first mentioned in 1681. Settlement on the territory of today's municipality dates back to the Bronze Age . This was confirmed by archaeological finds in the incorporated village of Govăjdia . Archaeological finds on the area around Ghelari point to the Hallstatt period . According to reports by JM Ackner , G. Téglás u. a., mining for iron ore was carried out here in the region in Roman times . An iron smelt was in Ghelari and in the incorporated village of Ruda .

In Ghelari, called Valea Caselor by the locals , a smelting furnace from the 9th century was found in 1895. Today it can be seen in the British Museum in London. At the beginning of the 19th century, one of the largest blast furnaces in Govăjdia was erected in southeastern Europe at that time. Components of the Eiffel Tower were also manufactured here. In order to facilitate the transport of the iron ore to the smelting furnaces in Govăjdia and Hunedoara, the Hunedoara – Ghelari industrial line was built in 1900 as a narrow-gauge railway with the Bosnian gauge of 760 millimeters and a length of approx. 16.1 kilometers.

After 1990 and the collapse of the mining industry, the main occupation of the population in the region is cattle breeding and wood processing.

population

In 1850 there were 1673 people living in the area of ​​today's municipality. 1477 were Romanians , 121 Germans , 58 Roma and 17 Magyars . The largest population (5190) - also that of the Romanians (4815) - was determined in 1966 and has steadily decreased since then. The highest number of Magyars (535) was registered in 1910, that of Germans (132) in 1920 and that of Roma in 1850. In 2002 there were 2314 people in the community, 2262 of whom were Romanians, 46 Hungarians, one German, one Slovak and four without ethnic information. The 2011 census showed a population of 1983 in the municipality. 1874 of them were Romanians, 34 Magyars, five were Roma, the rest were registered without any ethnic information. Furthermore, Ukrainians (one each in 1900, 1956 and 2011), Serbs (highest number 6 in 1930) and the highest number of Slovaks (15) were registered in 1900.

Attractions

• The old orthodox church of Sf. Arhangheli , built in the 18th century, is a listed building. Next to the old Orthodox church is the Saint Peter and Paul Cathedral, which was built from 1939 to 1973. The two front towers of the new church, each 47 meters high, began to tilt after the earthquake of 1977 , so that after eleven years the consolidation work began.
• The Greek Catholic Church of Sfânta Varvara was built in 1783.
• The Reformed Church, built 1900–1919.
• The blast furnace ( ⊙ ) in the incorporated village of Govăjdia ( scythe hammer ) was built 1806-1810. Its commissioning took place in 1813 and was shut down after several renovations, according to various statements, in 1918 or in 1924 after the commissioning of the ironworks in Hunedoara. The blast furnace is a listed building.
• The Sf. Arhangheli Church in the incorporated village of Ruda , built in 1653, is a listed building.

• 

  The blast furnace in Govăjdia around 1900

• 

  Area near Ghelari around 1904

• 

  The ruins of the blast furnace in Govăjdia

Personalities

• Sandu Florea (* 1946), Inker , has lived in the United States since 1991.

Web links

Commons : Ghelari, Hunedoara  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Chelari at ghidulprimariilor.ro
• Ghelari at judeteonline.ro

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} 2011 census in Romania at citypopulation.de
2. ↑ György Lelkes: Magyar helységnév-azonosító BETA , Budapest, Balassi Kiadó, 1992. ISBN 963-7873-00-7
3. ↑ Heinz Heltmann, Gustav Servatius (Ed.): Travel Guide Siebenbürgen. Kraft, Würzburg 1993, ISBN 3-8083-2019-2 .
4. ↑ Institute Of Archeology - Govăjdia at cimec.ro, accessed on August 29, 2014 (Romanian)
5. ^ Institute Of Archeology - Ghelari at cimec.ro, accessed on August 29, 2014 (Romanian)
6. ↑ Institute Of Archeology - Ruda at cimec.ro, accessed on August 29, 2014 (Romanian)
7. ↑ Istoria tehnica. Ghelari municipality, accessed on September 10, 2018 (Romanian). 
8. ↑ Census, last updated November 2, 2008 (Hungarian; PDF; 1.1 MB)
9. ↑ ^{a b} Information on the church from crestinortodox.ro accessed on August 29, 2014 (Romanian)
10. ↑ ^{a b c} List of historical monuments of the Romanian Ministry of Culture, updated 2010 (PDF; 7.10 MB)
11. ↑ Web representation of the church
12. ↑ [1] ; [2] Pictures of the church at panoramio.com
13. ↑ ^{a b} Web presentation on the website of the municipality of Ghelari
14. ↑ Web presentation of the blast furnace at cetateadefoc.110mb.com ( Memento of the original from September 3, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Romanian) 
15. ↑ Information on the melting furnace in Govăjdia from furnalulgovajdia.wordpress.com accessed on August 29, 2014 (Romanian)
16. ↑ Andreea Mazilu: Comic artist from Romania at motanov.ro accessed on August 29, 2014 (Romanian)