Baru (Hunedoara)

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Baru
Great Elephant
Nagybár
Baru (Hunedoara) does not have a coat of arms
Baru (Hunedoara) (Romania)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : RomaniaRomania Romania
Historical region : Transylvania
Circle : Hunedoara
Coordinates : 45 ° 28 '  N , 23 ° 10'  E Coordinates: 45 ° 28 '12 "  N , 23 ° 10' 0"  E
Time zone : EET ( UTC +2)
Height : 460  m
Area : 145.71  km²
Residents : 2,696 (October 20, 2011)
Population density : 19 inhabitants per km²
Postal code : 337035
Telephone code : (+40) 02 54
License plate : HD
Structure and administration (as of 2016)
Community type : local community
Structure : Baru, Livadia , Petros , Valea Lupului
Mayor : Daniel Răducanu ( PNL )
Postal address : St. Prof. dr. Ștefan Gârbea, no. 222
loc. Baru, jud. Hunedoara, RO-337035
Website :

Baru (outdated Barul Mare ; German  Groß-Elephant also Groß-Elephant , Hungarian Nagybár or Bár ) is a municipality in the Hunedoara district in Transylvania , Romania .

Geographical location

Location of Baru in Hunedoara County

The municipality is located in the historical region of Hatzeger Land ( Țara Hațegului ) in the southwest of the Șureanu Mountains and northeast of the Retezat Mountains . The place is located at the confluence of the streams Petros , Munceul and Crivadia , which together form the river Strei ( Strell ). On the European route 79 and the Simeria – Petroşani railway line , the place is 23 kilometers northwest of Petroşani ( Petroschen ) and 24 kilometers southeast of Hațeg ( Hatzeg ); the district capital Deva ( Diemrich ) is located about 70 kilometers (50 km as the crow flies) northwest of Baru.

history

The place Baru, consisting of the districts Baru Mare and Baru Mic ("Little Elephant"), was first mentioned in 1418 and 1421 respectively. However, based on obsidian finds in the Baru Mare district, the history of settlement in the region - according to M. Roska - can be dated back to the Neolithic . Archaeological finds in areas called Piatra Fânului and Bulzu Măgurii by the locals were assigned to the Bronze Age , according to O. Floca . In the district of Baru Mic , next to the Europastraße, there is the ruin of a watchtower ( called Cetatea Jidovilor by the locals ), which, according to Johann Michael Ackner (1863), was assigned to the Roman era .

Today the place is an important center of the building materials industry. Manganese ores are extracted and processed between Baru and the village of Merișor in the Bănița municipality .

population

In 1850 there were 2457 inhabitants in the area of ​​today's municipality; 2388 of them were Romanians , 24 Hungarians , 3 Germans and 42 others (7 of them Roma ). In 1966, the largest population was 3888 - and at the same time that of the Romanians (3780). The highest number of Germans (52) was registered in 1890, Hungarians (144) in 1910 and Roma (74) in 1956. In addition, one resident identified themselves as Serbs in 2002 and two in 1966 and 1992 , one in 1966, one in 1977, two in 1900, three in 1910, four in each in 1930 and 1956 as Slovaks and in almost every census some also referred to themselves as Ukrainians (the highest number [25 ] 1966). At the 2002 census, 3044 people lived in the municipality, of whom 3014 were Romanians, ten Hungarians, two Germans, 14 Roma, two Ukrainians and one Serb.

Attractions

  • The Romanian Orthodox Church Pogorârea Sf. Duh ( Sf.Ilie ), built in the 18th century, is a listed building.
  • The stalactite cave Tecuri ( Peştera Tecuri ) is a listed building.
  • The folk art collection of Maria Hord Gârbea .

Personalities

  • Ion Pop-Reteganul (1853–1905), writer and folklorist, lived and worked in Baru as a teacher.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ 2011 census in Romania at citypopulation.de
  2. ^ Dictionary of the localities in Transylvania
  3. ↑ a b c Heinz Heltmann, Gustav Servatius (ed.): Travel Guide Siebenbürgen. Kraft, Würzburg 1993, ISBN 3-8083-2019-2 .
  4. ^ Institute Of Archeology - Baru Mare, accessed November 24, 2010 (Romanian)
  5. ^ Institute Of Archeology - Baru Mic, accessed November 24, 2010 (Romanian)
  6. ↑ Census, last updated November 2, 2008, p. 42 (Hungarian; PDF; 1.1 MB)
  7. ↑ List of historical monuments of the Romanian Ministry of Culture, updated 2010 (PDF; 7.10 MB)
  8. ↑ a b http://www.baru.ro/turism.php ( Memento from April 17, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Web presence of the municipality of Baru
  9. ↑ Law No. 5 of the Romanian Parliament of March 6, 2000, under 2.500, accessed on November 25, 2010