Wallhausen (helmets)
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Coordinates: 51 ° 28 ' N , 11 ° 12' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Saxony-Anhalt | |
| County : | Mansfeld-Südharz | |
| Association municipality : | Golden floodplain | |
| Height : | 141 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 35.34 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 2466 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 70 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 06528 | |
| Area code : | 034656 | |
| License plate : | MSH, EIL, HET, ML, SGH | |
| Community key : | 15 0 87 440 | |
| Community structure: | 4 districts | |
| Association administration address: | Lange Strasse 8 06537 Kelbra (Kyffhäuser) |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Klaus Udo Härtig | |
| Location of the community of Wallhausen in the district of Mansfeld-Südharz | ||
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Wallhausen is a municipality in the Saxony-Anhalt district of Mansfeld-Südharz , which is part of the Goldene Aue association . It consists of Wallhausen, which gives the municipality its name, and the incorporated villages of Hohlstedt , Martinsrieth and Riethnordhausen .
geography
Wallhausen is located in the so-called Rieth in the lower Helmetal , northeast of the Kyffhauser and west of the district town of Sangerhausen . Through the village leading country road first order L 151 (former Federal Road 80 ) and the railway line Halle-Hann. Münden . The federal autobahn 38 is located near the village (exit Sangerhausen-West).
Neighboring communities
Neighboring communities are Südharz in the west and Sangerhausen in the north, Edersleben in the east and Borxleben and Brücken-Hackpfüffel in the south.
history
The place was first mentioned in a document in 908 as Walahusun (House of Wala) in Helmegau. Wallhausen gained importance due to its location on the old Heer- und Poststraße, which led south of the Harz Mountains from Sangerhausen to Nordhausen . In Wallhausen there was a royal palace , at least one royal court, in which the later East Franconian royal couple Heinrich I and Mathilde married in 909 . Mathilde received the place for lifelong usufruct . Otto I was probably born in Wallhausen in 912 . On February 5, 985, King Otto III. his court in Wallhausen to the abbess Mathilde von Quedlinburg. At the time of the Ottonians (919-1024) Wallhausen was one of the most important places of residence of the kings and emperors in Saxony and in the empire in general. Until the late 12th century, Salian and Staufer kings stayed here repeatedly and also held court days: for example, Emperor Friedrich Barbarossa in 1169. A total of 36 documents document royal stays between 922 and 1169. Then the “travel kingship” in the empire ended and the rulers took up permanent residences. The Palatinate was destroyed in 1115 and rebuilt around 1150. It is not certain whether the Palatinate stood at the site of the present-day castle or was at the height above the site. No traces of the Palatinate / royal court have survived.
The place already had market, coin and customs law in 994. In 1029 it was run as an oppidum (city), with civil liberties and the right to build walls, gates, ditches and bridges. In 1331 it was "Veste Walhausen", 1349 "Village", 1437 "Patches", then alternately village and patches, 1810 "Little Town". However, Wallhausen did not adopt the Prussian town order in either 1831 or 1853 (Trippenbach). The name of the place was spelled with just one "l" until 1700: Walhausen.
In 1525 Wallhausen had 83 inhabited houses, in 1650 (after the Thirty Years War) still 40 houses, 1775 137 houses with 800 inhabitants, 1825 163 houses with 929 inhabitants, 1866 1,220 inhabitants, 1896 1,600 inhabitants, 1907 256 houses with 1,500 inhabitants (Trippenbach).
In 1670 there were about 12 street names in Wallhausen. In that year, the Asseburg bailiff, Christianus Amhoff, decreed that each of the 158 houses (98 of which were inhabited) in the “Fleck Walhausen” had a “sign”. Examples of the names: The noble castle, The three acorns, The Turtel Täublein, The Holy Dreyvaltigkeit (the rectory), The dear justice (previously the bailiff's house), The Kindbetterin, The gray Münch (Renaissance portal from 1613), The battle ax , The angel's head, the roasted sheep's head, the knight's game (then "Schieferhof", built in 1560), the Thor church, the beehive (built around 1550, boys' school, principal's apartment), the Adeliche Asseburg family coat of arms: the common town hall and tavern, the stone Thor (canceled in 1874), The Rabbit Dance. (Trippenbach)
Around 1420 the Asseburgers from Lower Saxony bought the place. In 1525 Martin Luther preached against Thomas Müntzer in the local church . In 1539 the Catholic priest was evangelical and the Reformation was introduced in the place. In 1540 the Schieferhof ("Edelhof") was built: the oldest surviving residential building in town. From 1626 to 1681, the plague killed 1,114 people, and in 1726 another 500 people. The city wall was first mentioned in 1655, next to it there was a moat as further protection.
Especially in the Thirty Years 'War, but also in the Second Silesian War and the Seven Years' War, Wallhausen suffered from billeting of troops. It was "sucked out" by this, which among other things resulted in high price increases. In 1744, the "body company of the Handringschen Cürrassier Regiment moved into the place that had resurrected from a great fire ... and remains in the garrison until after 1763" (Trippenbach). Hence the statement that Wallhausen was a garrison town is derived .
In the middle of the 19th century, viticulture still dominated the economy, followed by cherry cultivation. A sugar factory was built in 1866, which became an earthenware factory in 1912. In 1886 the compulsory fire brigade was founded.
Wallhausen belonged to the Sangerhausen office in the Electorate of Saxony until 1815 and then came to the Merseburg administrative district of the Prussian province of Saxony .
At the beginning of 1945 a US airplane pilot fell fatally in the Trift. He was buried in the cemetery and taken away by the Americans in June 1945.
→ Main article: Air raid on Wallhausen (helmets)
On February 22, 1945, Wallhausen was 50% destroyed by an air raid by the 8th US Air Fleet as part of Operation Clarion against traffic targets in Germany. 70 people died. The parish church of St. Peter and Paul was also largely destroyed, and the tower was demolished in 1949. From 1954 to 1957, a new parish church was built and a belfry was built using the remains of the choir. The historical half-timbered house "Beehive" was also lost. Annually on February 22nd at 1:05 p.m. (start of the attack) the bell of St. Peter and Paul rings in memory of the destruction and the victims.
Wallhausen was occupied by US troops on April 12, 1945 and passed on to the Red Army in early July . The place was rebuilt under the conditions of the Soviet Zone and the GDR . The castle and manor of the von Bocholtz-Asseburg family (who were able to flee to West Germany the day before the Americans left) were expropriated without compensation, and land reform was carried out in the village from autumn 1945 . After the departure of East German refugees, the castle served as a school from 1948 to 2004.
The number of residents in Wallhausen grew from 1,685 in 1939 to 2,048 in June 1947 due to the influx of “resettlers”, displaced persons from the eastern regions. In 1975 there were 1,790, in 2000 1,731 and 2007 then 1,544 inhabitants.
On September 1, 1956, a cube-shaped memorial made of red granite was inaugurated on the site of the school and the teacher's house, which was destroyed in the air raid in 1945, southwest of the church . Inscription on the east side: "The victims of February 22, 1945 and the dead of the two world wars call for peace".
From 1952 to 1990 Wallhausen belonged to the GDR district of Halle and then until June 30, 2007 to the district of Sangerhausen. Wallhausen has been part of the VG “Goldene Aue” since 2004, based in Kelbra (Kyffhäuser) . On July 1, 2009, the previously independent communities Martinsrieth and Riethnordhausen were incorporated into Wallhausen.
After the reunification in 1990, many small businesses were founded. The place has a number of active cultural and sporting clubs.
coat of arms
Blazon : "Divided and half-split, above in red a golden crown, below right in gold a blue scales with black strings, below left in blue a golden sword placed obliquely to the left."
The colors of the municipality, derived from the coat of arms, are red and gold (yellow).
Economy and Infrastructure
economy
The region around Sangerhausen is one of the economically weakest in Germany. The main employers in Wallhausen are small and medium-sized companies in the agricultural and construction industries. Companies such as B. Pilzhof Pilzsubstrat Wallhausen GmbH, Leinetaler Hochbau GmbH and WM Agrar - Landwirtschaft Wallhausen & Co. KG.
Transport links
The station Wallhausen (Helme) is located on the railway line Halle-Hann. Münden , which is currently operated by the Abellio company in DB regional traffic. The transport company Südharz mbH operates the public transport in the Mansfeld-Südharz with a stop in Wallhausen on the L 151 "Am Steintor".
The most important long-distance connection is the new A 38 ( Leipzig / Halle– Göttingen / Kassel ) in the immediate vicinity of the district town of Sangerhausen . The A 71 begins at the "Südharz" triangle near Sangerhausen via Erfurt to Schweinfurt . The closest junction, Sangerhausen-West (15), is on the A 38.
Cycle paths connect the town to Sangerhausen in the east, to Brücken-Hackpfüffel in the south and to Hohlstedt and the southern Harz in the west .
education
- Kastanienburg daycare center
- Wallhausen primary school
health
Wallhausen has a well-developed supply network. A general practitioner, two dentists and physiotherapy are located directly in the village. The Helios Clinic in Sangerhausen is in the immediate vicinity .
Public facilities
- Village community center "House of the Sun"
- Local library
- Sports center Wackersportpark
Culture and sights
The cultural monuments entered in the local register of monuments include the Church of St. Peter and Paul and Wallhausen Castle . As part of the 1111-year celebration, a wood-carved Otton group with a memorial plaque was set up in the center of the village.
Memorials
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- In the local cemetery is the burial ground for 50 of the 70 inhabitants killed in a bomb attack on February 22, 1945 : well-tended lawn, no grave crosses or stones. A stone base plate bears the following inscription: “Resting place. Victims of the air raid on February 22, 1945. Donated to the Wallhausen community in 2005 ”.
- In the local cemetery , eleven graves and a memorial from 1962 commemorate the concentration camp prisoners on a death march from the Dora-Mittelbau concentration camp in April 1945, who were murdered by SS men , initially buried in a corner and later buried in the cemetery.
- A memorial in the village, near the church, commemorates the (bomb) victims of February 22, 1945 and both world wars. Inscription: "The victims of February 22nd, 1945 and the dead of the two world wars call for peace".
Sports
Historically, sport has always been of great importance in Wallhausen. The roots of the development of Wallhausen sports have their origins in the emergence of the gymnastics clubs in the 19th century. From the gymnastics club founded in 1873, the BSG "Chemie" Wallhausen emerged in 1948 and finally the SV Wacker Wallhausen eV in 1990, which is the sports club with the largest number of members in town. It combines the sections soccer, bowling, darts, gymnastics and wrestling. Sports facilities are the Wackersportpark with 2 soccer turf pitches and a 4-lane DKBC bowling alley and a sports hall. The one-field sports hall was completed and put into operation in 2006 and is also available to other clubs and sports groups.
There is also a tennis club and a dog sports club in Wallhausen.
Sons and daughters of the church
- Otto the Great (912–973), Roman-German Emperor
- Christoph Traugott Delius (1728–1779), mining scientist
- Dagmar Szabados (* 1947), SPD politician, Mayor of the City of Halle (Saale) from 2007–2012 , born in Hohlstedt
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Statistical Office Saxony-Anhalt, population of the municipalities - as of December 31, 2019 (PDF) (update) ( help ).
- ↑ Johannes Laudage : Otto the Great. A biography , Regensburg 2001, p. 69.
- ↑ See Stephan Freund: Wallhausen - royal residence, possible birthplace of Otto the great. In: Stephan Freund, Rainer Kuhn (Hrsg.): Medieval royal palaces in the area of today's Saxony-Anhalt. History - topography - state of research. Regensburg 2014 pp. 115–148.
- ^ Renate Kroll: Wallhausen (district of Sangerhausen) . In: Götz Eckardt (Ed.) Fates of German architectural monuments in the Second World War . Henschel-Verlag, Berlin 1978. Volume 2. P. 336
- ↑ StBA: Area changes from January 2nd to December 31st, 2009
literature
- Max Trippenbach: Pictures from Wallhausen's past . Louis Arendt publishing house, Sangerhausen 1907
- Klaus Thieme: Chronicle of the community Wallhausen (Helme) . Published by the Wallhausen community (Helme). 1st edition 2008
- Stephan Freund : Wallhausen - birthplace of Otto the Great, residence of German kings and emperors . Schnell & Steiner, Regensburg 2013, ISBN 978-3-7954-2680-4 .
Web links
Ahlsdorf | Allstedt | Arnstein | Benndorf | Berga | Blankenheim | Bornstedt | Bridge minced puffle | Edersleben | Gerbstedt | Helbra | Hergisdorf | Hettstedt | Kelbra (Kyffhäuser) | Klostermansfeld | Lutherstadt Eisleben | Mansfeld | Sangerhausen | Lake Mansfelder Land | South Harz | Wallhausen | Wimmelburg