Wildenthal (Eibenstock)
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Wildenthal
City of Eibenstock
Coordinates: 50 ° 27 ′ 4 " N , 12 ° 37 ′ 54" E
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| Height : | 731 (720-1019) m |
| Residents : | 264 (May 9, 2011) |
| Incorporation : | January 1, 1994 |
| Postal code : | 08309 |
| Area code : | 037752 |
Wildenthal , a state-approved resort, is a district of the city of Eibenstock in the Erzgebirgskreis in the Saxon Ore Mountains .
Geographical location
The state-approved resort is located in the deeply indented valley of the Große Bockau at the foot of the 1019 m high Auersberg in the Erzgebirge / Vogtland Nature Park . The place is at heights between 720 and 1019 m above sea level. NN. The Oberwildenthal district on the state road to Johanngeorgenstadt also belongs to Wildenthal . In the village, a connecting road branches off to Carlsfeld .
history
Wildenthal is, as the Eibenstocker chronicler Johann Paul Oettel reports in 1748, from Rauher Wurtzel, built by Count Anarg Friederich, Lord zu Wildenfelß, and captain of the Voigtland Creyßses, and the name Wildenthal (because this is the youngest hammer that was built in the local area, it is still called the New Hammer.) has been given, and yet it does not give in to anyone in cattle breeding, on the contrary, this is the largest hammer, inhabited by a large number of people. It is located on the large Bockau and has the most beautiful iron mines nearby.
Around Wildenthal, especially at Auersberg , Bingen , Halden , old mouth holes and the Raithalden of tin soaps are evidence of old ore mining. In total there should have been around 300 mines on the Auersberg.
September 10, 1598 is the date of foundation of the place. The heirs of the founder Anarg Friedrich von Wildenfels sold the work to Wilhelm Friedrich von Milkau, the owner of the Edelhof Alberoda near Aue , as early as 1611 . But soon after receiving a privilege, he also gave the hammer to the tithe Jacob Seeling from Schneeberg. The hammer master Hieronymus Müller von Berneck , who at times also managed the Auerhammer , appears as the tenant .
In 1647 the Helfrich Wildenthal brothers sold it to Michael Gottschald for 3,300 guilders . He built a second hammer and on August 25, 1655 obtained a new privilege from Elector Johann Georg I of Saxony, in which he had a blast furnace, a tin hammer and a tin house as well as slaughtering, brewing, baking and giving gifts in exchange for the usual drink. and meat penny tax was granted. The brewery, which stood next to Drechsler's hotel for a long time, and of which a cellar is said to still exist today, was probably created in Wildenthal. Incidentally, it was the same elector who, impressed by the beauty of the mountain and its wonderful panoramic view, had a wooden tower built on the Auersberg and gave Johanngeorgenstadt his name.
From Michael Gottschald (popularly known as Holzmichel ) it is said that he put up to 100,000 guilders into the mine and paid over 7,000 guilders official taxes in eleven years. In 1656 Wildenthal was named among the works that had to deliver iron to Dresden for the royal stables. In 1658 it is in arrears with duties to the Schwarzenberg office . Many files report logging and escorting.
Wildenthal remained in the hands of the Gottschald family, with a brief interruption around 1780, until after 1820. In 1812, 26 workers were employed here. In 1830 the factory consisted of two fresh fires, a Zain hut and a tin hut and was managed by five masters. In 1835 a sheet rolling mill and the first nail factory in Saxony were added.
In 1826 August Schumann wrote : Wildenthal is indisputably one of the poorest places in Saxony, and that is most evident in the clothing, or rather the non-clothing, of the children. It was recommended that travelers passing through always have some copper coins in their pockets for the begging children.
In 1836 Wildenthal passed to Karl von Querfurth on Schönheiderhammer . The hammer mill remained in the possession of his descendants until its demise.
In 1848 Johann Traugott Lindner described the place as follows in his “Walks through the most interesting areas of the Saxon Upper Ore Mountains”: “Deep, but still embedded at an altitude of 2250 feet, the ironworks of the same name is located in the embrace of the Auersberg and the Zeisiggesanges. The Große Bockau rushes through the Oertchen, turns the usual stuff into huts and Hohofen, from here sends half its water treasure by means of the so-called Grünergraben for economic purposes to Eibenstock, while the other half flows in its cramped cradle over granite blocks down to Unterblauenthal into the hollow [...] The manor house in Wildenthal looks down from a hill, as it should be, overly looking down at a crowd of poor huts, between which, however, a friendly post office, [...] and a restored inn have been inserted for several years. You can tell from these buildings that they are in private hands. The Fiscal Forest House, built in the Italian style about a dozen years ago, is surprising. ”(1834)
He goes on to write: “The little village has lost much of its wildness for about 20 years: a road leads through to Karlsbad, which is very lively in the bathing season; The owner of the plant and a few other residents are partly scientifically educated, partly otherwise well informed, which had to contribute a lot to the moral rounding off of the poor-minded population of the past and is already made known by the fact that people like to turn the neighborhood there and Let yourself be embraced by the wild and romantic nature, drink coffee and eat trout. "
More and more passengers used the extra post route established in 1819 via the Hirschenstander Pass , which was upgraded in 1837 as the express mail summer route Zwickau - Karlsbad.
In 1860, Otto Delitsch , the theologian and later professor of geography at the University of Leipzig , came to Wildenthal as the first summer guest . His essays on the Ore Mountains have significantly promoted further travel and hiking in the Ore Mountains. In his honor, a memorial stone was erected in 1907 opposite the hotel "Am Auersberg" (previously Hotel Drechsler), which was demolished in 2000.
As early as 1886, Wildenthal was named as one of the highest “mountain resorts”.
Wildenthal became one of the first summer resorts in the western Ore Mountains. The growing tourism brought a completely different life to the village. While spa guests initially traveled to or from Karlovy Vary through the hut village without stopping, the post coaches stopped here to change horses from 1820 after a secondary post office was established in Wildenthal. Shocking accounts of the guests about begging Wildenthal children soon gave way to reports of the wonderful spruce forests and the pure mountain air. In the second half of the 19th century, many people from Wildenthal set up to accommodate summer and later winter guests. Mention should be made of the two stately inns - Drechslers Hotel am Auersberg and Gnüchtels Hotel zur Post - today Hammerschänke, until 1911 also the Pension Meichsner in the former manor house, which burned down on November 10, 1911. To this day, a still existing cellar and carved granite blocks in the park remind of this house. Many of the houses were newly built or expanded. "Magnificent climatic health resort and winter sports area", advertises a brochure from the 1930s. Stephan Dietrich , better known as Saafnlob, writes about the Wildenthalers: “They are all not bad off, as the saying goes, because they have furnished their houses nicely and rent them out to summer and winter guests. Sometimes they have more summer guests than they are residents. "
On December 30, 1877, the Schneeberg seminar teachers Ernst Köhler and Hermann Möckel , the council forester Arnold and the master builder Görling again took a sleigh ride through the Auersberg area. Fascinated by the charm of the snow-covered forests, they decided to set up a local and hiking club for the Ore Mountains when they stopped at the Drechslers Gasthof in Wildenthal. On May 5, 1878, the Erzgebirgsverein was founded in Aue. In Wildenthal in particular, the Erzgebirgsverein was very active and that was probably due to the local mountain, the Auersberg .
In 1935, the then headmaster of Wildenthal, Dr. Willmar Grüntzig, forester Dick and Mayor Heydel the construction of the Wildenthaler Waldbad. Grüntzig, father of Johannes W. Grüntzig and Andreas Roland Grüntzig , also planned this outdoor pool , which was built by Wildenthalern in 1935 as part of a job creation scheme at the time. The so-called Mittenwald outdoor pool due to its location was one of the first outdoor pools in the Ore Mountains.
The reinstatement of the stagecoach operation by the Deutsche Reichspost also served to stimulate tourism. At the end of the 1930s she drove a section of the stagecoach connection established in 1698 between Leipzig - Schneeberg - Wildenthal - Johanngeorgenstadt - Karlsbad and stopped in Wildenthal. The daily press reported in August 1938: “It was great enthusiasm when the resurrected stagecoach took its first test drive at the beginning of this week, from the Radiumbad Oberschlema to the Auersberg region. The wonderful yellow carriage with four black horses…. You should drive slowly through the country again ... like Weiland the privy councilor of Goethe ..., enjoy the beauties near the edge of the path and in the distance in peace ... and you should drive paths that are closed to the car. "
Wildenthal was largely spared from the Second World War . A flak position was set up on the Auersberg and in 1940 the observation platform of the tower was given its wooden hood to better protect the airspace observation post from adverse weather conditions. Immediately after the end of the war, the community belonged to the so-called Free Republic of Schwarzenberg , which means that the place was not militarily occupied.
Stephan Dietrich , called Saafnlob, a well-known local poet and dialect spokesman for the Ore Mountains in the 20th century, worked here as headmaster from Easter 1940 to 1945 in the school built according to his ideas in 1939/40. For the Wildenthal Hammerfest 2003, today's guest house, where the school used to be, was consecrated in his name. To the delight of the people of Wildenthal and their numerous holiday guests, many a funny swank was performed in the Ore Mountains dialect.
After 1945, Wildenthal often had more holiday guests than residents. While the village club initially organized a lively sporting and cultural life, the FDGB holiday service later took on this task. Today this work is continued by the Heimatverein Wildenthal eV. In 1965, the place was one of the first in the Western Ore Mountains to be awarded the title “State-approved resort”.
The town pyramid in the park of the Wildenthal manor house is now probably one of the oldest in the Ore Mountains. It was built by local carvers in VMI in 1961 . On its 4 floors, it depicts village life and work in the mountains. It is one of the few in the Ore Mountains whose figures remain standing in summer, so its design ensemble can be admired all year round. In the 1960s, the model of a hammer mill on Grüner Graben was also created . It stood in the park until 1972 and was washed away by the floods at the time. At Hammerfest 2007, a new model was inaugurated on the old square. It drives two hammers based on the two former hammer mills from Wildenthal.
In May 1964 and 1968 the Wildenthalers experienced the passage of the participants in the International Peace Tour , who came from Aue and drove over the Hirschenstander Pass to the stage destination Karlsbad or Prague .
However, on the night of August 21, 1968, they saw Soviet tanks march through, on the old F93 over the Hirschenstander Pass to shortly before Karlsbad, to crush the Prague Spring .
As part of the celebrations for the 100th anniversary of the mountain inn on the Auersberg, an anniversary stone with a memorial plaque was unveiled on May 19, 2007 at the initiative of the Wildenthaler Heimatverein in the park. A silver fir had been planted a few days earlier, based on the old giant fir on the Elbogenweg, which looked down on the development in the valley for over 400 years until the middle of the last century.
On November 9, 2019, for the 30th anniversary of the fall of the Berlin Wall, Wildenthal hosted a meeting of GDR ski jumping legends . Among them were Helmut Recknagel , Hans-Georg Aschenbach , Jens Weißflog and over 50 other former world class jumpers from Oberwiesenthal , Klingenthal , Brotterode , Zella-Mehlis and Oberhof . A small delegation from Austria led by Reinhold Bachler was welcomed as guests . The greetings of the DSV brought Horst Hüttel .
Today Wildenthal lies in the midst of mountain meadows in the FFH area "Tal der Große Bockau" on the edge of the European bird sanctuary " Western Ore Mountains " and offers numerous recreational opportunities. At the same time, it is the starting point for hiking and skiing on the Auersberg , Brückenberg , Schöne Aussicht and Leistnerhübel or via the border crossing between Oberwildenthal and Jelení on the Kammloipe further into Bohemia. Numerous cyclists, hikers and ski hikers use this border crossing, popularly known as the Iron Gate , for interesting excursions.
Population development
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Legends
Several legends are connected with the crypt at the Wildenthal cemetery.
According to tradition, the ambassador Alexander Wiesner, who was on his way to Karlsbad, is said to have been thrown from his horse here and buried with his horse.
The register of deaths of the parish office of Eibenstock says:
- "Died on September 16, 1871, 43 years, 7 moons, 22 days, Bruno Thorso Carl Edler von Querfurth, hammer mill owner, buried on September 20 in Wildenthal."
- "Alexander Wilhelm Friedrich Wießner, Dr. the Philos. and Primentschehrter, died February 23, 1879, buried February 27, 1879. Brother of the wife of the noble von Querfurth. "
The middle son of Charlotte von Stein - lover of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe - is buried here. Ernst von Stein was a member of the court in Weimar and is said to have died here during a trip to Karlsbad. His remains are possibly in the crypt of the last hammer lord of Wildenthal Arbat Edler von Querfurth. Stein had an accident in 1787 while riding to the lower hammer mill (later wood grinding shop, then Trebsen holiday camp). When his horse shied away from the reflection of the sun in a window suddenly opened by a draft, he fell fatally. Oral tradition.
In fact, Ernst von Stein died in the hands of his mother Charlotte von Stein on the night of June 14, 1787 during his trip to Karlsbad in the manor house (burned down on January 10, 1911) in Wildenthal. He was buried by Christian Gottlieb Gottschaldt, a descendant of Holzmichels, but in the Gottschaldt family crypt in Eibenstock. Charlotte wrote on June 27, 1787: "A dream that I had more than 17 years ago has come true in Wildenthal, where Ernst died."
Goethe is said to have experienced a “dreamlike” night of love here during one of his numerous trips to Karlsbad. Damage to the carriage forced him to stop at an unnamed inn that Siegfried Sieber suspected to be in Wildenthal. The landlord's pretty niece had done it to him straight away and so everything took its course - but differently than expected. In his erotic poem “Das Tagebuch” (1810) - at that time it was “on the index” - he describes an amorous adventure with the young maiden, with which he did not achieve his goal; but it was not up to her: "Cursed servant, how immovable you lie. And you betray your master for the most beautiful happiness."
That this event took place in Wildenthal is just a legend. Firstly, Goethe was not on the way to Karlsbad, but on the return journey from an undisclosed place to Weimar. Second, the poem shows that he was late one night due to the car damage, i.e. only a maximum of a day's journey from Weimar. Wildenthal was much further away, however.
politics
Local council
The five seats in the Wildenthal local council are distributed as follows: FWV 4 seats (2019: 98.2% of all votes), individual suggestions (4) 1 seat (2019: 1.8%) - seat remains vacant.
Mayor
The local mayor has been Hans-Jürgen Graf (FWV) since 1995.
Personalities
- Michael Gottschald (1597–1674), here from 1647 Hammerherr, early modern entrepreneur
- Johann Georg Gottschald (1691 or 1692–1749), born here, early modern entrepreneur
- Ernst von Stein (1767–1787), died here in the manor house
- Otto Delitsch (1821–1882), professor of geography at the University of Leipzig, stayed here several times from 1860 with his family on summer holidays
- Max Friedrich Kunze (1838–1921), professor of mathematics at the Forestry Academy in Tharandt , founder of the forestry research, born here
- Hans von Querfurth (1849–1931), owner of the Schönheiderhammer ironworks and German conservative politician, Member of the State Parliament (Kingdom of Saxony)
- Stephan Dietrich , known as Saafnlob (1898–1969), local writer and dialect poet, here headmaster from 1940 to 1945
Culture and sights
- Auersberg (1019 m) with a stone lookout tower from 1860 and the accommodation house from 1907, restored true to style from 1992–94, next to it Lindenau - memorial stone
- Heimatstuben in the Saafnlob house
- Monument to Otto Delitsch in the park
- Wettin memorial stone on the Badrundweg
- Royal Saxon milestones in Wildenthal am Park and in Oberwildenthal in front of the old Hirschenstander Pass to Karlsbad in Bohemia
- NSG "Valley of the Great Bockau "
- Memorial stones on the road from Wildenthal to Oberwildenthal and on the main road from Oberwildenthal to Sauschwemme commemorate an unknown number of concentration camp prisoners who remained unknown by name and who died here on April 15, 1945 during a death march from the subcamps of Flossenbürg concentration camp in spring 1945 .
Regular events
- Jan./Feb. - Torchlight walks and winter sports festivals
- April 30th - Witches' Fire
- June 1st - Children's Festival
- 2nd weekend in August - Hammerfest (folk festival) on the fairground in the park since 1950
- October 2nd - October fire
- December - Christmas in the Ore Mountains
- December 31st - New Year's Eve party in the Saafnlob house
- monthly guided hikes and hat lifting
Sports
summer
- Well-marked network of hiking trails with a direct connection to the European long-distance hiking trail E3 and the Kammweg
- Water treading pool
- Football field
- playground
winter
- Ski and toboggan slope
- Local cross-country ski trails and ski hiking trails with a connection to the Kammloipe
- Winter hiking trails
- Ski and toboggan rental
literature
- Wildenthal. In: The mining landscape of Schneeberg and Eibenstock (= values of the German homeland . Volume 11). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1967.
Web links
- Official website of the Wildenthal district of Eibenstock
- Wildenthal in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- Wildenthal in the equidistant map 145 - Section Eibenstock - from 1875
- Wildenthal in the equidistant map 145 - Section Eibenstock - from 1897
- Wildenthal in the topographic map 145 - Eibenstock - from 1904
Individual evidence
- ↑ Small-scale municipality sheet for Eibenstock, city. (PDF; 0.23 MB) State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony , September 2014, accessed on January 28, 2015 .
- ^ Johann Paul Oettel: Old and New History of the Royal. Pohln. and Churfürstl. Saxon. freyen Berg-Stadt Eybenstock , 1748, p. 286
- ^ Christian Lehmann : Historischer Schauplatz ... , 1699, p. 62
- ↑ August Schumann: Complete State, Post and Newspaper Lexicon of Saxony , Zwickau, 1826, pp. 66–69
- ^ Johann Traugott Lindner: Walks through the most interesting areas of the Saxon Upper Ore Mountains , 1848
- ↑ Ewald Geißler: Real-Encyclopadie der total Pharmacie , Vienna, 1886, p. 354 (online catalog of the ULB Düsseldorf)
- ↑ cf. Wildenthal in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
Blauenthal | Carlsfeld (with sheet metal hammer , Neues Wiesenhaus and Wilzschmühle ) | Eibenstock | Neidhardtsthal | Oberwildenthal | Sosa | Weitersglashütte | Wildenthal | Wolf green