Central main ridge of the Allgäu Alps
| Central main ridge of the Allgäu Alps | ||
|---|---|---|
| Highest peak | High light ( 2651 m above sea level ) | |
| location | Bavaria , Germany / Tyrol , Austria | |
| part of | Allgäu Alps | |
| Classification according to | Alpine Club Guide Allgäu Alps | |
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| Coordinates | 47 ° 18 ' N , 10 ° 18' E | |
The central ridge of the Allgäu Alps is a subgroup of the Allgäu Alps in Germany and Austria . At 2651 meters, the Hohe Licht is the highest peak in the sub-group, which makes it the second-highest group in the Allgäu Alps. In this part of the Alps is also the famous "triumvirate" of Trettachspitze , Mädelegabel and Hochfrottspitze , through whose flanks the famous Heilbronner Weg runs. The Biberkopf , which lies in the group, represents the southernmost mountain in Germany . With the Rappenseehütte , one of the largest Alpine Club huts offers overnight accommodation.
Boundaries and surroundings
Starting from Oberstdorf in the north, the border of the central main ridge runs through the Trettach valley to the south and further down the Sperrbach valley with the Sperrbachtobel up to the Mädelejoch (1973 m). On the other side, the valleys of Roßgumpenbach and Höhenbach run further and further south into the Lechtal near Holzgau . The Lech upwards forms the border to the confluence of the Krumbach , which follows the border to the Schrofenpass (1688 m). The valleys of Rappenalpbach and Stillach are the western boundary of the group back to Oberstdorf.
Surrounding sub-groups in the east are the Höfats and Rauheck groups and the Hornbach chain , with which the main ridge is connected via the Mädelejoch. To the south, on the other side of the Lechtal, are the Lechtal Alps . In the west, the central main ridge merges into the Schrofenpass to the south-eastern Walsertal mountains .
The subgroup can be further subdivided within the central main ridge. The western part is made up of the Rappen Alps , followed to the east by the Hochlicht and Peischel groups . The girls' group joins in the northeast and runs north in the Himmelschrofenzug into the Illertal .
The subgroup is predominantly located on German territory and in the state of Bavaria . Between the Schrofenpass and Mädelejoch, the state border with Austria and its state of Tyrol runs over the summits between Biberkopf and Kratzer . Comprehensive municipal areas are thus Oberstdorf , Holzgau and Steeg .
mountains
The highest point of the group is the Hohe Licht at 2651 meters and the second highest mountain in the Allgäu Alps. This is followed by the Hochfrottspitze (2649 m), the third highest mountain. Other striking mountains are the Bockkarkopf (2609 m), Biberkopf (2599 m), Trettachspitze (2595 m), Ellbognerspitze (2552 m), Rotgundspitze (2485 m), Rappenseekopf (2468 m), Hochgundspitze (2460 m), Muttekopf ( 2431 m), Kratzer (2428 m), Hochrappenkopf (2424 m), Hinterer Wildgundkopf (1955 m), Grüner (1913 m) and Himmelschrofen (1791 m).
geology
In the area of the central Allgäu main ridge, the thrust of the Lechtal cover onto the Allgäu layers can be observed and the appearance of the mountains is shaped by it. In the base, the mountains consist of marl of the Allgäu layers, which was pushed over by the main dolomite of the Lechtal cover and thus forms the upper areas of the mountains.
Lakes
The last glacial periods left some lakes in Karmulden in the area of the central main ridge . In addition to the Rappensee (2047 m), there are other small lakes in the Karmulde under the Rappenseekopf. In addition, the Schochenalpsee , the Wildmahdkarsee and an unnamed lake in the Peischelkar are in the subgroup.
botany
A large part of the area of the Central Allgäu Main Ridge is in the Allgäu High Alps nature reserve .
Where the subsoil is formed by marl, it ensures botanical biodiversity. The only site of the glacier buttercup ( Ranunculus glacialis ) in Bavaria can be found on the flanks of the Linkerskopf (2459 m) . As an example, the flora and fauna of the Allgäu Mattenflora are examined on the western slopes of the Himmelschrofenzug around the Einödsberg (1589 m) . Rare or noteworthy are various types of plant genus lady's mantle , including grape lady's mantle ( Alchemilla racemulosa ) and Rotscheidiger lady's mantle ( Alchemilla rubristipula ); Degen aconite ( Aconitum degenii ), ordinary Katzenpfötchen ( Antennaria dioica ), Artemisia Umbelliformis ( Artemisia muttelina ), Alpine tragacanth ( Astragalus alpinus ), Southern tragacanth ( Astragalus australis ), glacial tragacanth ( Astragalus frigidus ), bubble gum tragacanth ( Astragalus penduliflorus ), various sedges , including weeping sedge ( Carex atrata ), brownish sedge ( Carex brunnescens ), flaky yellow sedge ( Carex lepidocarpa ) and bird's foot sedge ( Carex ornithopoda ); Alpine chickweed ( Cerastium alpinum ), vaginal Kronwicke ( Coronilla vaginalis ), Alps healing bell ( Cortusa matthioli ) Middle Corydalis ( Corydalis intermedia ), cotoneaster integerrimus ( Cotoneaster integerrimus ), large-headed Pippau ( Crepis conyzifolia ) diphasiastrum alpinum ( Diphasiastrum alpinum ), Fladnitzer rock flower ( Draba fladnizensis ), fleabane herbs such as real alpine fleabane ( Erigeron alpinus ) and glandular fleabane ( Erigeron atticus ); various gentians , including round-leaved gentian ( Gentiana orbicularis ), field wreath ( Gentianella campestris ) and tender fringed gentian ( Gentianella tenella ); Colorful meadow oat ( Helictotrichon versicolor ), many hawkweed , including Grauzottiges hawkweed ( Hieracium piliferum ), short forked hawkweed ( Hieracium brachycomum ), Brown Reddish hawkweed ( Hieracium fuscescens ) Dark brown hawkweed ( Hieracium fuscum ), hawkweed ( Hieracium rubrum ) and Green leafy hawkweed ( Hieracium viridifolium ); Dreiblütige rush ( Juncus triglumis ) Small Lovage ( Ligusticum mutellinoides ) gagea serotina ( Lloydia serotina ), Brown Hainimse ( Luzula alpinopilosa ), Rock Minimize ( Minuartia rupestris ), germander-broomrape ( Orobanche teucrii ), shaggy cinquefoil ( Potentilla crantzii ) , Large-leaved willow ( Salix appendiculata ) and common alpine willow ( Saussurea alpina ).
Alpinism
With the Rappenseehütte (2091 m), which offers 342 beds, and the Kemptner Hütte (1844 m), which offers 290 beds, there are two very large Alpine Club huts in the subgroup. The Waltenberger-Haus (2085 m) and the privately run Enzianhütte (1780 m) are available as further bases .
Hiking and mountaineering
The most popular mountain tour in the central main ridge of the Allgäu Alps is the Heilbronner Weg . This high alpine path was opened in 1899 and leads over the peaks of Steinschartenkopf (2615 m) and Bockkarkopf. From the path, which is mostly insured with wire ropes, the summits of Hohem Licht and Mädelegabel (2645 m) can also be reached on marked paths, which, however, are not part of the path. The Rappensee and Kemptner Hut serve as bases.
Except for a few peaks in the area of the Rappen Alps , such as the Biber- or Rappenseekopf, most of the mountains are not accessible by paths.
Climb
The most famous climbing mountain on the central main ridge is the Trettachspitze. Even the normal route requires climbing skills in III. Level of difficulty . Further climbing routes lead through each wall. However, only the routes Schwarzer Riss (difficulty V +), Spiel der Geister (VII), and The show must go on (VI), which are also on the west face , are repeated regularly . The other routes are rarely repeated because of the long and dangerous approaches, the often brittle rock and the poor security options.
Due to the short ascent from Lechleiten , the mostly good protection with bolts and the moderate difficulties (III to V level of difficulty), the focus of climbing activity has shifted to the southwest face of the Biberkopf in recent years . There are several newly established climbing gardens in Lechleiten and in the Lech Gorge between Steeg and Lechleiten .
There are also climbs of varying difficulty on the other mountains of the central main ridge, but due to their long approach, low wall heights and often brittle rock, they are of minor importance. Some have not been repeated in decades.
Ski mountaineering
The steep, often rocky summit ascents, the flanks furrowed by deeply torn ravines and the long approaches make this area one of the most demanding ski touring areas. Nevertheless, tours such as the ascent of the Mädelegabel or the Heilbronner Weg are carried out relatively often in good conditions. The much easier ascent from the Lech Valley is usually used. Linkerskopf and Trettachrinne are considered to be extreme classics for ski mountaineering in the Allgäu .
literature
- Dieter Seibert: Alpine Club Guide alpine - Allgäu Alps and Ammergau Alps . 17th edition. Bergverlag Rother, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-7633-1126-2 (pp. 199–218)
- Ernst Zettler, Heinz Groth: Alpine Club Guide - Allgäu Alps . 12th, completely revised edition. Bergverlag Rudolf Rother, Munich 1985, ISBN 3-7633-1111-4 (pp. 183-232)
Web links
References and comments
- ↑ Dieter Seibert: Alpine Club Guide alpine - Allgäu Alps and Ammergau Alps . 17th edition. Bergverlag Rother , Munich 2008 (p. 199).
- ↑ Compass hiking, bike and ski tour map: Sheet 3 Allgäu Alps, Kleinwalsertal (1: 50,000). ISBN 978-3-8549-1005-3 (January 2005).
- ↑ This list includes mountains with a secured notch height of over 100 meters.
- ^ Herbert Scholz: Building and Becoming the Allgäu Landscape . E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagbuchhandlung (Nägele and Obermiller), Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 3-510-65165-0 (pp. 30ff, 48ff).
- ↑ Ernst Zettler, Heinz Groth: Alpine Club Guide - Allgäu Alps . 12th, completely revised edition. Bergverlag Rudolf Rother, Munich 1985 (p. 191).
- ^ State Museum for Natural History Karlsruhe: Project Einödsberg - Species list of higher plants . Retrieved June 19, 2010.
- ↑ Stefan Meineke: Allgäu climbing guide . 2nd Edition. Academic Publishing House, Leipzig 2003, ISBN 3-931982-08-4 .
- ↑ Ernst Zettler, Heinz Groth: Alpine Club Guide - Allgäu Alps . 12th, completely revised edition. Bergverlag Rudolf Rother, Munich 1985 (pp. 211-226).
- ^ Kristian Rath: Ski touring and ski mountaineering Allgäu . Panico-Alpinverlag, Köngen 2009, ISBN 3-926807-73-3 (pp. 78-109).