Alexander von Linsingen

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Half-length portrait of Alexander von Linsingen with medals and decorations

Alexander Adolf August Karl von Linsingen (born February 10, 1850 in Hildesheim , † June 5, 1935 in Hanover ) was a Prussian colonel general in the First World War .

Life

origin

Alexander von Linsingen came from the noble free Uradelsgeschlecht Linsingen and was the son of the secret government council and county captain Wilhelm Friedrich Klaus Linsingen (* February 4, 1815 in Hannover, † June 7, 1889 ibid) and his wife Marie Karoline Dorothea , nee von Berlepsch ( * April 24, 1814 in Berlepsch ; † July 28, 1890 in Hanover). His grandfather was the king. Hanoverian general of the cavalry Ernst von Linsingen , his great-great-uncle of the Kgl. Great Britain-Hanoverian General of the Cavalry Carl Graf von Linsingen , Honorable Knight Commander of The Most Honorable Order of the Bath.

Linsingen was buried with a state funeral in the Hanover family grave in the New St. Nikolai Cemetery in the Nordstadt district .

Military career

Alexander von Linsingen received his education at the lyceum in Hanover and as a cadet in Hanover and Berlin. After his education in the cadet corps , he was on 7 April 1868 as chargierter Portepeefähnrich in the 4th Westphalian Infantry Regiment. 17 of the Prussian Army transferred. Here Linsingen received the patent for his rank on November 10, 1868 and was promoted to second lieutenant on October 14, 1869 . During the Franco-German War took Linsingen with the regiment at the battles at Vionville , St. Privat and Le Mans , and in the battles at Petite Maxe , Charly , Neuville-aux-Bois , Chateau Sergueu, Vendôme and Azay part. For his achievements he was awarded the Iron Cross 2nd class.

From November 1, 1874, he was a battalion adjutant and, with his promotion to Premier Lieutenant, was adjutant of the 30th Infantry Brigade in Koblenz and from March 29, 1875 in the same capacity with the 39th Infantry Brigade (German Empire) in Hanover. On October 12, 1878, he was placed à la suite of the East Frisian Infantry Regiment No. 78 . The adjutant was transferred to the 11th Infantry Brigade in Brandenburg an der Havel on April 18, 1882. There he was placed on October 14, 1882 as captain with a patent from February 10, 1876 à la suite of the 4th Guards Regiment on foot from Spandau . Released from his command and assigned to the regiment as a "surplus captain", Linsingen was appointed company commander on November 21, 1882 and June 2, 1883 . As an adjutant in the 31st Division , he was transferred to Strasbourg on May 16, 1888 . With a patent dated November 21, 1880 he was transferred to the Leib Grenadier Regiment "King Friedrich Wilhelm III." (1st Brandenburg) No. 8 on May 22, 1889 as an adjutant to the general command of the XIV Army Corps transferred to Karlsruhe . After being awarded the character of a major on August 20, 1889, he received the patent on September 21.

State funeral for Alexander von Linsingen on June 8, 1935 in the garrison church in Hanover
State funeral for Alexander von Linsingen on June 8, 1935, view in front of the garrison church
Linsingen barracks, Hamelin

When he was released from his command, Linsingen was transferred to the 2nd Hanseatic Infantry Regiment No. 76 on December 15, 1890 and commander of the III. ( Fusilier ) battalion appointed in Lübeck . On June 15, 1895, when he was promoted to lieutenant colonel , he was transferred to the staff of the grenadier regiment "King Friedrich Wilhelm IV." (1st Pomeranian) No. 2 in Stettin . On November 18, 1897 he was promoted to colonel and appointed commander of the grenadier regiment "King Friedrich II." (3rd East Prussian) No. 4 in Allenstein , from 1898 Rastenburg .

Promoted to major general and appointed commander of the 81st Infantry Brigade , Linsingen returned to the Hanseatic city of Lübeck on June 16, 1901 and was again, as between 1890 and 1895, the highest-ranking military person in the city. At the imperial maneuver of 1904 in Altona , he was present when the new names of the Hanseatic regiments were given by the emperor on the parade board in the Altona imperial court , "Hamburg" for the 76ers and "Lübeck" for the 162s.

In 1905 Linsingen took over the 27th Division (2nd Royal Württembergische) in Ulm as Lieutenant General . Two years later, after being promoted to General of the Infantry , he returned to Stettin as Commanding General of the II Army Corps .

With the outbreak of World War I , his corps first entered the fighting in the western theater of war under the 1st Army in the Battle of Mons from August 22nd to 23rd. From January 1915 he led the newly founded Southern Army and from July of the same year the Bug Army . From September 1915 to March 31, 1918 he was in command of the Linsingen Army Group , the merger of the Southern Army and the Bug Army. He broke the offensive of the Russian general Brusilov, conquered Brest-Litovsk (August 27/28, 1915), took Pinsk (September 16, 1915). In the period after the armistice, the 1917/18 campaign to Ukraine, the conquest of Toboly, the occupations of Odessa, Poltava and the Crimea followed.

On April 7, 1918, Linsingen was promoted to Colonel General by the Kaiser on the occasion of his 50th anniversary in the military. It was not until June 1, 1918, that he found a new use as Commander in Chief in the Marche and Governor of Berlin. On the morning of November 9th, he was still confident that nothing was lost as long as Berlin was held. As a precaution, in the days before he had brought troops that were considered particularly loyal to the emperor, such as the Naumburg hunters, to reinforce the city. After the outbreak of the November Revolution, he forbade the troops to use weapons in defense of the Reichstag building.

He resigned on November 9, 1918. On that day, Philipp Scheidemann from the Reichstag building had proclaimed the Republic and Karl Liebknecht in front of the Berlin Palace the German Soviet Republic. Linsingen's last order was the shooting ban on the revolting Kiel sailors marching to Berlin: "Germans do not shoot Germans". He put his post available and was subsequently to the November 17, 1918 Disposition asked.

family

Alexander von Linsingen had married Paula Louise Mummy (born September 1, 1860 in Bremen , † April 18, 1885 in Spandau) on August 20, 1880 in Hanover , daughter of the manor owner Oscar Mummy zu Burg near Hanover. From this marriage the daughter Maria (1881–1963) married to Hans Magnus Graf von Hoym , the son Kurt Wilhelm Karl Alexander (1882–1936), Rittmeister a. D., and their daughter Paula (1885–1970), married to Gisbert Freiherr von Romberg . After the death of his first wife, Alexander von Linsingen married Felicie Mary Mummy (1887–1953), from whose marriage the sons Oskar Theodor Ludolf (1889–1929), captain a. D., and Hans-Carl Hermann (1896–1967), married to Ruth Momm from an entrepreneurial family in the Lower Rhine region, came from. Hans-Carl Linsingen who in World War I as a lieutenant temporarily the fighter squadron 11 (Jagdgeschwader Richthofen belonged), came during World War II voluntarily to the Air Force and became a colonel d. Res. Of the Air Force, Commodore and advisor to the Romanian General Staff.

Awards

Names of streets and objects

Opening of the Linsingen Bridge, probably near Kovel
General von Linsingen poses at the bridge named after him
  • Linsingenstrasse in Hanover
  • Linsingenallee, formerly in Stettin
  • Linsingen barracks in Hameln, after the Second World War British barracks with the double name Gordon Barracks - Linsingen barracks
  • Linsingen room in the Leineschloss Hannover with medals, pieces of honor and memories (destroyed in World War II)
  • Linsingen Bridge, probably near Kovel (Ukraine), 1916/1917

References

literature

  • Klaus Mlynek : Linsingen, Alexander von. in: Hannoversches Biographisches Lexikon. Schlueter, Hannover 2002, p. 236.
  • Hanns Möller: History of the knights of the order pour le mérite in the world war. Volume I: AL. Bernard & Graefe Verlag, Berlin 1935, pp. 679-682.
  • Carl Mönkeberg: Under Linsingen in the Carpathians. Berlin 1917.
  • Carl Mönckeberg, Kurt Pehlemann: In the Southern and Bug Army, 1915; War reports from officers of the AOK Linsingen. With 1 cover picture, 16 illustrations and 3 maps , Stuttgart, Berlin, Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, 1917.
  • Harry von Rège : Officer master list of the infantry regiment No. 76. Mauke, Hamburg 1902, OCLC 252978009 , pp. 145-146.
  • Gothaisches genealogical pocket book of the noble houses. 1902. Third year, Justus Perthes, Gotha 1901, p. 538.

Web links

Commons : Alexander von Linsingen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ WWW.NOBILITAS.EU
  2. ^ Anniversary celebration of the 2nd Hanseatic Infantry Regiment No. 76. From: Lübeckische Blätter . Volume 33, issue No. 78 of September 30, 1891.
  3. ↑ On April 1, 1897, the 3rd Hanseatic Regiment No. 162 with sole garrison and the two regiments No. 162 and 163 commanding the 81st Infantry were formed from the Lübeck battalion of 76 and the two half battalions of Mecklenburg Regiments No. 89 and 90 -Brigade, also in Lübeck, was created.
  4. ↑ Otto Wels , a member of parliament who had not previously represented the SPD prominently, explained the political situation to the hunters who had lined up in the courtyard of the Alexander barracks on the morning of November 9th at the request of the Naumburg hunters . In doing so, he convinced them that they shouldn't shoot to avoid civil war. The soldiers of the Jäger Battalion then went over to the rebels first. At the end of the day, it was thanks to Wels that only 15 people died.
  5. ↑ Wolfgang Niess: The Revolution of 1918/19 , Europa-Verlag 2017, ISBN 978-3958900745 , pp. 25-27.
  6. ↑ Sebastian Hafner, 1918/19 The German Revolution , Rowohlt Taschenbuch Verlag, Reinbek 2004 p. 76f.
  7. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Prussian War Ministry (ed.): Ranking list of the Royal Prussian Army and the XIII. (Royal Württemberg) Army Corps for 1914. ES Mittler & Sohn , Berlin 1914, p. 56.
  8. ^ Rudolf von Kramer, Otto Freiherr von Waldenfels: VIRTUTI PRO PATRIA. The Royal Bavarian Military Max Joseph Order of War Deeds and Book of Honor 1914–1918. Self-published by the Royal Bavarian Military Max Joseph Order, Munich 1966, p. 448.
  9. ↑ Gordon Baracks (now dissolved)
personal data
SURNAME Linsingen, Alexander von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Linsingen, Alexander Adolf August Karl von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Prussian Colonel General in the First World War
DATE OF BIRTH February 10, 1850
PLACE OF BIRTH Hildesheim
DATE OF DEATH June 5, 1935
Place of death Hanover