Arnulf Rainer

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Arnulf Rainer (2015)
The artist in the film Arnulf Rainer - Sternsucher (1994) by Herbert Brödl

Arnulf Rainer (born December 8, 1929 in Baden near Vienna ) is a contemporary Austrian painter . His overpainting is well known.

Life

Arnulf Rainer grew up with a twin brother who originally wanted to be a painter as a child, but then became a lawyer. Arnulf discovered his artistic talent in the first grade of elementary school. From 1940 to 1944 he attended the National Political Education Institute in Traiskirchen . He left school because an art teacher forced him to draw from nature.

In 1947 he saw international contemporary art for the first time at an exhibition of the British Council in Klagenfurt ( Paul Nash , Francis Bacon , Stanley Spencer , Henry Moore ). At the request of his parents, he studied structural engineering at the Federal Trade School in Villach from 1947 and graduated in 1949. In the same year he was accepted at the Academy of Applied Arts in Vienna, which he left after one day because of an artistic controversy with his assistant Rudolf Korunka. Shortly afterwards he applied to the Vienna Academy of Fine Arts , but also left this class three days after passing the entrance exam, as his work was described as " degenerate ".

Together with Ernst Fuchs , Anton Lehmden , Arik Brauer , Wolfgang Hollegha , Markus Prachensky and Josef Mikl , he founded the dog group in 1950, with which he exhibited for the first (and only) time in 1951. The exhibition took place on the premises of the Vienna Society for Science and Art. Together with Maria Lassnig , he visited André Breton in Paris in the summer of 1951 . In February 1952 Rainer presented his work in the Kleinmayr Gallery in Klagenfurt. In March of the same year he received a solo exhibition in the Zimmergalerie Franck in Frankfurt am Main, which is today considered one of the first manifestations of Informel in Central Europe. In the catalog published for this purpose, Rainer's text manifestos “Painting to leave painting” and “One versus the other” were printed.

In 1953, Rainer met the Catholic priest Otto Mauer in Vienna , who one year later founded the Galerie next St. Stephan , with which he decisively promoted the Austrian avant-garde. In November 1955, Mauer opened Rainer's first solo exhibition in the St. Stephan Gallery. Wolfgang Hollegha, Markus Prachensky, Josef Mikl and Arnulf Rainer founded the painting group “Galerie St. Stephan” in 1956 under the direction of Otto Mauer.

From 1953 to 1959, Rainer lived in a secluded, furnitureless, abandoned villa belonging to his parents in Gainfarn near Bad Vöslau , 25 kilometers south of Vienna. There he began the work group of reductions, which is considered the preliminary stage of his world-famous overpaintings. In September 1959 he founded the “Pintorarium” with Ernst Fuchs and Friedensreich Hundertwasser as “Creatorium for the cremation of the academy”; it lasted until 1968.

In 1961, Arnulf Rainer was sentenced in Wolfsburg for publicly overpainting an award-winning picture. From 1963 he worked in various studios in West Berlin , Munich and Cologne . In 1966 he and Gotthard Muhr received the Austrian State Prize for Graphics. In 1967 he moved into a large studio on Mariahilfer Strasse in Vienna. A year later, his first retrospective took place in the Museum of the 20th Century in Vienna.

Rainer was supposed to be awarded the City of Vienna Art Prize in 1974, but since he refused to take part in the handover ceremony, the prize was revoked again. In 1977 he took part in documenta 6 , a year later he represented Austria at the Venice Biennale . In November 1978 he received the Grand Austrian State Prize “in recognition of his work in the field of fine arts”. In 1980 Rainer bought his studios in Upper Austria and Bavaria. In 1981 he received a professorship at the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna and became a member of the Academy of Arts in Berlin. Since 1978 he has been a member of the Austrian Art Senate .

In 1995 he retired at his own request after strangers had painted over several of his pictures in black in his studio at the academy. On one picture was the statement: "AND THEREFORE HE DECIDED TO BE AN ACTIONIST". The public prosecutor's office determined that Rainer had painted over his pictures himself. The investigation was closed. On his 90th birthday in December 2019, Rainer described a student as a perpetrator without naming his or her name.

On the occasion of his 70th birthday, the Stedelijk Museum in Amsterdam and the Kunstforum in Vienna organized a large retrospective. Since 2002, the Pinakothek der Moderne in Munich has dedicated a room to Rainer in which some of his works are permanently shown. In the following year, after Georg Baselitz and Sigmar Polke , Rainer received the Rhenus Art Prize for his complete works. In 2004 Rainer received an honorary doctorate from the Catholic-Theological Faculty of the Westphalian Wilhelms-Universität Münster and in 2006 he was awarded an honorary doctorate in theology from the Catholic-Theological Private University in Linz . In 2006 he was the first non-Spanish artist to receive the Aragón-Goya Prize for his life's work and his artistic relationship with Francisco de Goya .

The museum in Baden near Vienna, dedicated in 2009 to Arnulf Rainer

The Arnulf Rainer Museum was opened in Baden near Vienna in September 2009 .

Rainer lives and works in Enzenkirchen for most of the year . He has converted part of a farm into a studio for his work. In winter he works in Tenerife .

Rainer was a member of the Lord Jim Lodge .

plant

After initially turning to Surrealism , Rainer approached Tachism and Informel . Since the early 1950s, he has been painting over his own and other people's pictures and photos. Here, photo overpainting of self-portraits, which are referred to as face farces , has become particularly well known . His first overpainting of other people's pictures was due to a lack of material. From 1958 to 1963 Sam Francis , Georges Mathieu , Emilio Vedova , Victor Vasarely and many other artists provided him with works to paint over.

From the mid-1970s he turned to gestural foot and finger painting. At the same time, inspired by other artists, numerous series of “Art about Art” were created: Rainer reworked photos based on Gustave Doré , Anton Maria Zanetti, Leonardo da Vinci , Franz Xaver Messerschmidt and others. The “ Hiroshima Cycle”, a series of drawings and photos of the destroyed city, was shown in seventeen European cities from 1982 onwards. In his late work, Rainer occupied himself intensively with photography, first to have templates for his revisions, later they were no longer painted over and were independent works.

Selection of works

  • Pimpanelle, flora overpainting (private property Dombret )
  • Mountain with sun, overpainting (private property Gorka)
  • Untitled, overpainted (private property Gorka)
  • Vertical, mixed media (oil circles, oil paint, fixation spray), 73.5 × 105 cm, 1963 (property of the Artothek des Bundes, permanent loan from Belvedere Vienna)
  • OT, crucifixion, oil on wood with corpus, 214 × 123 cm, 1980/1983 Petrikirche Lübeck
  • Hirndrei (private property Gorka)
  • Herrenhelm project (private property Gorka)
  • Bergärschchen (private property Dombret)
  • Portrait of a youth van Gogh ( Art Museum Walter )
  • Overpainting ( Museum Frieder Burda )
  • Sycamore Cross, 1990

Exhibitions

Awards

Publications

  • Arnulf Rainer: Hundreds of pictorial series. In: Kunstforum International, Volume 26/1978, pp. 66–221.
  • Brigitte Schwaiger , Arnulf Rainer: Painting lesson. Zsolnay, Vienna / Hamburg 1980, ISBN 3-552-03235-5 .
  • Corinna Thierolf (Ed.): Arnulf Rainer. Fonts. Testimonials and selected writings. Hatje Cantz, Ostfildern 2010, ISBN 978-3-7757-2746-4 .

literature

  • Peter Iden , Rolf Lauter , Pictures for Frankfurt , inventory catalog Museum für Moderne Kunst, Frankfurt am Main 1985, ISBN 978-3-7913-0702-2 , pp. 120–121, 187–191.
  • Carl Aigner (ed.): Arnulf Rainer: Abyssal depth - depth of perspective. Brandstätter, Vienna et al. 1997, ISBN 3-901261-05-2 .
  • Bayerische Staatsgemäldesammlungen (Ed.): Arnulf Rainer. The painter. Hatje Cantz, Ostfildern 2010, ISBN 978-3-7757-2747-1 .
  • Otto Breicha (Ed.): Arnulf Rainer: Hirndrang. Self-comments and other texts on work and person. Verlag Galerie Welz, Salzburg 1980, ISBN 3-85349-076-X .
  • Ernst-Gerhard Güse: Arnulf Rainer. Painting 1980–1990. Hatje, Stuttgart 1990, ISBN 3-7757-0312-8 .
  • Andreas Hoffer (ed.): St. Stephan: Wolfgang Hollegha, Josef Mikl, Markus Prachensky, Arnulf Rainer. Gallery in the Schömerhaus Klosterneuburg. Edition Essl Collection, Klosterneuburg 2004, ISBN 3-902001-16-X .
  • Kunstsammlung Nordrhein-Westfalen (Hrsg.): Insights. The 20th century in the North Rhine-Westphalia Art Collection, Düsseldorf. Hatje Cantz, Ostfildern-Ruit 2000, ISBN 3-7757-0853-7 .
  • Andrea Madesta (Ed.): Arnulf Rainer. Museum of Modern Art Carinthia, November 28, 2008– February 15, 2009. Snoeck, Cologne 2009, ISBN 978-3-936859-20-1 .
  • Kai Middendorff (ed.): Arnulf Rainer, Neue Fotoarbeiten / New Photographs. Hatje Cantz Verlag, Ostfildern 2006, ISBN 3-7757-1735-8 .
  • Christina Natlacen: Arnulf Rainer and photography. Staged faces, expressive poses. Imhof, Petersberg 2009, ISBN 978-3-86568-227-7 .
  • Otmar Rychlik (Ed.): Raineriana: Essays on the work of Arnulf Rainer. Böhlau, Vienna et al. 1989, ISBN 3-205-05259-5 .
  • Wieland Schmied : Presence and Eternity. Traces of the transcendent in the art of our time. Martin-Gropius-Bau , Berlin 7 April to 24 June 1990. Edition Cantz, Stuttgart 1990, ISBN 3-89322-179-4 .
  • Jutta Schütt: Arnulf Rainer, revisions. Reimer, Berlin 1994, ISBN 3-496-01123-8 .
  • Georg F. Schwarzbauer: Arnulf Rainer. The collector's portrait, 19th episode. In: Kunstforum International, Volume 26/1978, pp. 222-231.
  • Städtische Galerie Neunkirchen (ed.): Donation Wolfgang Kermer : inventory catalog. Neunkirchen 2011, ISBN 978-3-941715-07-3 .
  • Gerd Presler : Attacked in anger and sadness. Attacked in Anger and Grief. In: Gerd Presler: The sketchbook. A stroke of luck in art history. Karlsruhe / Weingarten 2017, ISBN 978-3-00-056940-1 , pp. 156–161.

Web links

Commons : Arnulf Rainer  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Brigitte Schwaiger, Arnulf Rainer: Painting lesson. Zsolnay, Vienna a. Hamburg 1980, SS 36 a. 22nd
  2. ↑ Peter Iden : Work towards the end. In: Frankfurter Rundschau , February 9, 1979, p. 7.
  3. ↑ old and modern art , 12th year, issue 91, 1967, p. 51.
  4. ↑ Culture & Media . In: Upper Austrian news . May 6, 2009, p.  21 .
  5. ↑ Harald Fricke: Art in the fog of subversion . Much speculation and conspiracy theories: With his film "Das Meisterspiel" Lutz Dammbeck sets out on the trail of failed existences in the contemporary art business. In: the daily newspaper . February 11, 1999, p. 20 ("[...] the 27 paintings by the Viennese academy professor Arnulf Rainer, which were painted over black by strangers in his studio in 1994. At the scene of the crime only one statement remained:" And then he decided to be an actionist. "" : In the original in block letters and without punctuation marks.).
  6. ↑ Markus Wailand: Modernism from the right . In: Falter . No. 8/99 , February 24, 1999, p. 71 .
  7. ↑ Thomas Trenkler : "Assassination" resolved after 25 years . In: Courier . December 8, 2019, p.  40 ( paywall ).
  8. ↑ Program Wirsindwoanders # 2. (PDF; 2.7 MB) European Art Festival Hamburg October 02-28, 2007. P. 19 , accessed April 24, 2013 .
  9. ↑ DNB 790549727
  10. ↑ Irene Netta, Ursula Keltz: 75 years of the Städtische Galerie im Lenbachhaus and Kunstbau Munich . Ed .: Helmut Friedel. Self-published by the Städtische Galerie im Lenbachhaus and Kunstbau, Munich 2004, ISBN 3-88645-157-7 , p. 211 .
  11. ^ Announcement on the exhibition , accessed on September 5, 2014
  12. ^ Announcement on the exhibition ( Memento from June 6, 2014 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on September 5, 2014.
  13. ↑ old and modern art , 12th year, issue 91, 1967, p. 51
  14. ↑ Federal Minister Ostermayer honors Arnulf Rainer . APA notification dated April 16, 2015, accessed April 17, 2015.
  15. ↑ a b Culture: Arnulf Rainer honored for his services. In: ORF.at . November 6, 2019, accessed November 6, 2019 .
personal data
SURNAME Rainer, Arnulf
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian painter
DATE OF BIRTH December 8, 1929
PLACE OF BIRTH Baden near Vienna