Bockmerholz

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Bockmerholz

IUCN Category IV - Habitat / Species Management Area

Path on a small wall with a ditch, probably remnants of an old border marker

Path on a small wall with a ditch, probably remnants of an old border marker

location south of Wülferode
surface 121 ha
Identifier NSG HA 173
WDPA ID 318210
Geographical location 52 ° 19 '  N , 9 ° 51'  E Coordinates: 52 ° 18 '48 "  N , 9 ° 51' 8"  E
Bockmerholz (Lower Saxony)
Bockmerholz
Sea level from 76.5 to 101.7
Setup date 03/01/1995
administration NLWKN
particularities repealed in January 2019

The Bockmerholz is an approximately 2 km², closed deciduous forest area in Hanover , about half of which is under nature protection. The forest is located south of the Hanover district of Wülferode and is considered a relic of the extensive deciduous forest of the northern forest , which existed here until the early Middle Ages . Only forest paths and narrow paths lead through the Bockmerholz.

location

Bockmerholz seen from the north, Wülferode in the foreground

The forest is about half a kilometer south of Wülferode and in the east of the Kronsberg . The similarly structured forest area Gaim is located about 2 km to the northeast. In the east, the Bockmerholz is bordered by the L 388 state road to Wülferode, and in the south by the B 443 . The A 37 cuts through the outermost southwestern corner of the forest.

Soil conditions and vegetation

The forest area stands on different substrates, including soil typical of loess bord , bed load sand and bed load clay . This results in small areas of changing water conditions in the soil, sometimes with waterlogging .

The Bockmerholz consists of a species-rich oak , ash and hornbeam forest , which presents itself as a natural forest community in a near-natural stand. There are numerous endangered plant and animal species in the forest. The forest is characterized by its high number of spring flowers. In April, the forest floor turns into a white and yellow carpet of flowers with wood anemones , spring flowers and yellow anemones .

Bockmerholz nature reserve

The nature reserve comprised the northern area of ​​the forest and was about 121 hectares in size. In January 2019 the new nature reserve Bockmerholz, Gaim opened .

The former nature reserve belonged together with the Gaim north of Wülferode to the FFH area “Bockmerholz, Gaim”, which essentially corresponds to the new nature reserve prescribed in 2019. The part of the nature reserve in Bockmerholz is a natural forest area that is no longer managed and left to its own devices. A forest ecosystem should be established in it, in which rare animal and plant species can live protected. The protection status also serves natural forest research in order to examine the uninfluenced development of forest communities and ecosystems. The southern forest area is a near-natural forest that serves as a buffer zone for the nature conservation area. It should be able to preserve the natural vegetation of forest communities.

history

Försterstein memorial , which was erected in the 19th century by forester Sabiel

The Bockmerholz, like the Hämeler Wald , is viewed as a remnant of the ancient northern forest in the city triangle between Hanover, Hildesheim and Braunschweig. Only parts of the forest were spared from being converted into arable land during the early medieval clearing period. In modern times, the Bockmerholz mostly belonged to the Hanoverian nobility, who used the forest area for logging and hunting. After the Thirty Years War , the residents of the surrounding villages felled massive amounts of wood in the forest for reconstruction. The sovereign then had the office of Koldingen appoint wooden bailiffs who controlled his forest areas and prevented overexploitation in the princely forest. The forest gradually regenerated itself, although it also served as a hut forest . Wall hedges were created to protect individual forest areas from being bitten by cattle and game .

Due to the ongoing quarrels between the noble forest owner and his subjects, the Bockmerholz was divided from 1832 to 1834. The prince kept the larger part and gave the smaller part to the farmers of the villages of Wülferode and Rethen . They divided the forest into individual parcels, which they delimited with ditches or hedges. Remains of the border markings can still be found in the forest today.

literature

Web links

Commons : Bockmerholz  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Wolfgang Neß: Wülferode. In: Monument topography of the Federal Republic of Germany , architectural monuments in Lower Saxony, City of Hanover , part 2, vol. 10.2, ed. by Hans-Herbert Möller , Lower Saxony State Administration Office - Institute for Monument Preservation , Friedr. Vieweg & Sohn Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Braunschweig 1985, ISBN 3-528-06208-8 , here: p. 176ff .; as well as Wülferode in the addendum : List of architectural monuments acc. § 4 ( NDSchG ) (excluding architectural monuments of the archaeological monument preservation), status July 1, 1985, City of Hanover , Lower Saxony State Administration Office - publications of the Institute for Monument Preservation , p. 27