Chronicle of the city of Düren / 1926–1950

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List is a partial list of the chronicle of the city of Düren . It lists events dated from 1926 to 1950 in Düren .

1926

  • In the Moltkestr. 13 a municipal pawnshop is established
  • Start of planning for the “Aachen-Rhine Canal” from Aachen via Jülich to Neuss with a branch canal to Düren. Due to inefficiency, the planning was "shelved" in the post-war years.
  • Start of electrification of the Merzenich - Nörvenich railway line , completion in 1928
  • 4.2 .: Establishment of the radio in Düren with 120 participants
  • 26./27.06 .: Red Day of the Red Front Fighters Association (RFB), Gau Mittelrhein in Düren
  • 11.11 .: Founding of the "Industrial Water Association Rur"
  • December 11th: Opening of the Kneipp cure and bathing establishment in Lessingstrasse.
  • Mid-December: Taximeter traffic in Düren; first stand on the Wirteltorplatz

1927

  • 1.1 .: The population is 38,041
  • 2.7 .: The Dürener Eisenbahn AG route is extended to Inden for passenger traffic
  • 30.9 .: A standard clock is set up on Wirteltorplatz

1928

  • The company Degen & Kuth (dressings) moves to the center Birkesdorf to
  • Construction of the Schlagstein forest home for the Protestant community in Düren ; destroyed in World War II; Rebuilt in 1951
  • In Goethestr. A home for women who have recently given birth and for infants is built, which is taken over by the Elisabethers
  • The fire brigade receives a second motor vehicle with a Magirus fuel pump with a 20 m long mechanical turntable ladder
  • 1.12. – 9.12 .: The “Düren Light Week” attracts around 100,000 visitors
  • December 8th: Foundation of the church building association "Düren-Süd"
  • December 13th: Around 8:38 p.m. earthquake in the city and district of Düren

1929

  • The Ursuline School is named “St. Angela School "
  • The occupying power France withdraws its soldiers from Düren
  • Düren has 39,092 inhabitants
  • Interior renovation and sacristy expansion of the Lutheran church
  • 12.3 .: The district council approves the sale of the district electricity office with all power lines for 6,785,000 Reichsmarks to the RWE (today RWE AG). Thus, power supply of the district, except for the city area of ​​Düren, by the RWE
  • 1.4 .: RWE takes over the district's electricity network
  • 9.5 .: Incorporation contract with Merzenich
  • September 17: The airship "Graf Zeppelin ", which circled the earth this year, flies over Düren
  • 3.11 .: Inauguration of the new St. Nicholas Church in Rölsdorf, Gürzenicher Str. 5
  • November 30th: Liberation ceremony on the occasion of the withdrawal of the French occupation troops with 20,000 people. The French had occupied the Rhineland since November 1919 (previously under British occupation).

1930

  • The Rhine Province buys the 127 ha Hommelsheim state estate
  • July 27th: Inauguration of the three-belt bridge (railway bridge) over the Rur . It was the first bridge of its kind in the world
  • January 31: Inauguration of the nurses' home at the hospital at the corner of Merzenicher Str. / Robert-Koch-Str.
  • March 12th: Josef Schregel is made the 6th honorary citizen of Düren
  • 21.9 .: Inauguration of the DJK Stadium (German Youth Power Stadium) in Dr.-Overhues-Allee (owned by the Dürener gymnastics club DTV since 1936)
  • October 11th: President Paul von Hindenburg visits Düren
  • October 31: With the reorganization of the dioceses , Rölsdorf comes from the Archdiocese of Cologne to the Diocese of Aachen

1931

  • 8.6 .: Train accident at the station, with a wagon crashing into Eisenbahnstraße .
  • 1.6 .: The own gas production of Düren is set and gas from the company. Thyssen related

1932

  • Düren has 39,765 inhabitants, 9,509 of whom are unemployed
  • The Eucharist buy the town building. Oberlyzeums in Kölnstr. and set up their monastery there, popularly known as "Das Klösterchen"
  • April 12th: The Mission Society of the Holy Family establishes a branch in Düren, Friedrichstrasse. , Called "Mission House Bethanien" (in memory of the Franciscan monastery). They had bought the house from the manufacturer Joseph Bongartz. Today (2010) the Caritas St. Elisabeth day care is located in this house.
  • 29.9 .: Inauguration of the new youth hostel in Hortstrasse, now Langemarckstrasse.

1933

  • The "Tietz" department store becomes " Kaufhof AG"
  • 4.1 .: The local council in Rölsdorf decides to incorporate it into Düren
  • 1/30: Adolf Hitler comes to power
  • 28.2 .: Leading communists from Düren are arrested after the Reichstag fire .
  • 1.4 .: Start of the business boycott against Jewish merchants
  • 8.3 .: SA and SS hoist swastika flags on the town hall, the tax office and the district office
  • June 16: At the census , Düren has 40,882 inhabitants

1934

  • 1.1 .: Düren has 41,097 inhabitants
  • January 31: The "Dürener People's Newspaper" stops appearing. The daily newspaper "Der Neue Tag" was created from it.
  • 2.5 .: Laying of the foundation stone for the construction of the Rurtalsperre Schwammenauel by the head of the German Labor Front , Robert Ley
  • May 26th: Inauguration of the Obermaubach reservoir
  • August 22nd: The Gewandhaus in Düren has been restored
  • 10.9 .: The new district court in Düren is planned at Hoeschplatz
  • October 15: 24 houses have been completed in the Wörth settlement
  • November 4 : The fire brigade buildings and apartments in Rurstr. are inaugurated (later urban vehicle fleet or depot)

1935

1936

  • 1.1 .: Düren has 40,934 inhabitants
  • 6.4 .: The "Düren Turnverein 1847" buys the Düren summer pool with sports field in the Dr.-Overhues-Allee built by the "Verein Deutsche Jugendkraft eV (DJK)"
  • Construction of a gas tank system for vehicles by the municipal utility
  • 23.7 .: Opening of the commercial vocational school of the Düren district in Arnoldsweilerstr.
  • 1.10 .: The municipal nursing home in Goethestr. will be dissolved
  • October 6: The new building of the maternity home in the Roonstr. opens with 19 beds (demolished in June 1977)
  • October 26th: First major air defense exercise in Düren

1937

  • The first construction phase of the Rölsdorfer Siedlung with 68 people's apartments was completed.
  • January 18: The Düren-based paper company Rößler begins as a paper wholesaler for memorial cards and handmade paper
  • March 19: The city of Düren sells land on Stockheimer Landstrasse for the construction of the barracks
  • 1.4 .: Incorporation of Rölsdorf with 2,312. Residents to Düren
  • April: First underground installation of the telephone network
  • June 25th: Purchase of Gut Boisdorf by the city of Düren for 380,000 Reichsmarks
  • 2.8 .: Takeover of the renovated Kornhaus by the city
  • 14.11 .: The foundation stone for the St. Josef Church in Düren-Süd, corner of Zülpicher Str. / Plaggengasse, now Piusstrasse, is laid

1938

  • Liquidation of the Commer private dairy
  • Foundation of the paper museum
  • The “green belt” district is separated from Düren-Ost and becomes its own parish
  • January: Topping-out ceremony for the barracks on Stockheimer Landstrasse
  • 1.1 .: Düren has 44,355 inhabitants
  • May 22nd: Laying of the foundation stone for the windowless memorial on "Fuchsberg" for those who fell in the First World War . Design: City architect Max Ernst Schneider. The memorial was never completed.
  • 13.9 .: First air raid exercise in Düren
  • June 29th: Inauguration of the Rurtalsperre Schwammenauel with 100 million m³ storage space
  • 25.9 .: Inauguration of the St. Josef Church in Düren-Süd
  • November 9th to 10th: The synagogue in Schützenstrasse, now a multi-storey car park, was set on fire during the November pogroms in 1938

1939

  • The barracks on Stockheimer Landstrasse is completed,
  • The restaurant “Zur Altdeutschen”, built in 1782, is used as the town hall
  • Düren receives new telecommunications systems with police calls and air raid warning systems
  • 26.3 .: The Antoniuskirche in the green belt at the corner of Scharnhorststr. / Brückenstr. is inaugurated
  • 1.4 .: The electricity, gas and water works become the Düren municipal works . 58 residential and group houses and 75 people's apartments are being completed in Boisdorf.
  • 1.8 .: The first bus routes on the Düren circular railway to the barracks and the green belt are opened
  • August 28: In Düren, food cards are being issued again for the first time since the First World War
  • 1.9 .: Start of the Second World War due to the German invasion of Poland
  • 1.10 .: The population is 46,091

1940

  • 1.4 .: The municipal utilities take over the water supply network in Rölsdorf
  • May 12: The first bombs fall in Düren near the Riemann barracks
  • June 28th: ​​The city of Düren buys Gut Weyern in Burgau for 328,000 Reichsmarks
  • 5.8 .: Acquisition of the house at Kölner Landstr. 72 as a parish home by the parish of St. Bonifatius
  • August 15: St. Martin's Church in Derichsweiler is destroyed

1941

  • The houses of the Düren building association in the Pfennigsweide are ready for occupancy.
  • The Düren railway AG (Düren - Inden) takes the first electric locomotive in operation
  • The population has increased to 46,914
  • In Germany, the "German Normalschrift" (Latin initial font) is uniformly introduced
  • July 9: Major fire in the tram depot in the area of ​​today's Bahnstr. (now Horn, Bahnstr. 13-15). There was the Rölsdorf train station.
  • 3.8 .: The Carmelite monastery is closed, the nuns are expelled

1942

  • The population is 47,440
  • 25.9 .: A market hall is set up in the Münz car hall on Kölnplatz ( Friedrich-Ebert-Platz )
  • October: The dairy on Mariaweiler Landstr. is put into operation
  • 22.10 .: Establishment of a teachers' seminar in the school on Blücherplatz (Blücherplatz was then the forecourt of the East School, today Heinrich-Böll-Gesamtschule Düren ). The teachers' seminar was closed in 1944.

1943

  • February 14th: 25 stick bombs fall in Rölsdorf during an air raid
  • 1.8 ..: Relocation of the Düren City Archives, some archives belonging to the district, the Nideggen City Archives and the archives of the Evangelical Congregation in Düren to the keep of Nideggen Castle

1944

  • 9/11: It is estimated that only 2/3 of the children are still in the city, a third in other places. The schools are closed.
  • September 15: American long-range guns bombard Düren at 11.50 p.m. It lasted until the American conquest on February 25, 1945.
  • 1.11 .: Boys are picked up for the jump by the Hitler Youth leader.
  • 11/16 (3: 23-3: 44 p.m.): Complete destruction of Düren by more than 5,477 explosive and 148,980 incendiary bombs. This air attack by 474 planes leaves 66.1% stone desert. Only 13 of 9,322 buildings are undamaged. Around 1,600,000 m³ of rubble must be removed. Until November 19th living people are rescued from the rubble. Then the rescue work is stopped.

The number of dead is represented differently. The city of Düren has worked out the actual number. It lists the victims of the air raid on November 16, 1944:

Recorded by name:
  • Dürener: 2,392
  • Foreign: 394
Unknown dead:
  • Soldiers 220
  • other unknowns 100
together 3,106 dead
  • November 19: The city of Düren is evacuated by the civilian population
  • December 17th: The 1st Btl., 329th InfRgt of the armed forces of the United States takes Rölsdorf

1945

  • January 17: Düren only has 4 residents
  • January 24th: The Aachener Nachrichten is the first German newspaper to appear (since February 11, 1947 also with a local section in Düren and since October 26, 1949 as the regional edition “Dürener Nachrichten”)
  • February 24th: German troops blow up the water tower on today's Friedrich-Ebert-Platz, just one day before the Allied military government began its work in Düren. The tower and its imposing structure were only built in 1909 to improve the city's water supply. From 1957 the ruins of the facility were removed.
  • February 25th: Düren is taken by the Americans
  • 1.4 .: Düren has 180 inhabitants again
  • 2.4 .: The employment office resumes its work in the Anna-Schoeller-Haus (home for the blind) and remains in the building until 1950
  • 8.5 .: Surrender of the German Wehrmacht (end of the Second World War for Germany)
  • May: The Carmelites return to Düren
  • May: Düren has 1,218 inhabitants again
  • June 11th: The Düren district railway resumes operations
  • June: Düren has 3,806 inhabitants again
  • 1.7 .: Pontifical requiem of the Aachen bishop before the district court on Hoeschplatz for the dead of November 16, 1944
  • 7.7 .: The Städtische Sparkasse resumes its work in the district court building and moves five months later to the house at Hoeschplatz 5
  • July: The Annareliquie is brought back to Düren from Ommerborn Monastery in the Bergisches Land and is initially kept in St. Josef Church
  • July: The British replace the Americans as the occupying power
  • 8.9 .: With electricity from the turbine plant of the sugar factory , the electricity supply resumed
  • Between October 15, 1945 and April 6, 1946 there were 110 accidents caused by mines and other explosives with 85 dead and 57 wounded in the Düren district
  • October 20: Founding meeting of the Düren CDU, Düren, Neues Casino, Alte Jülicher Straße
  • November 26th: The Ursulines are the first high school to resume their work
  • December 8th : The Düren-Heimbach railway line is put back into operation as far as Kreuzau- Friedau

1946

  • January: The Nord-Lichtspiele, Neue Jülicher Str. 2, is the first cinema to reopen
  • January: The city administration took the Birkesdorf company L. Schneiders under contract to de-rubble the city. Later the companies Horst and Milke were added, as one company alone could not remove the approximately 1.6 million tons of rubble.
  • 6.1 .: Foundation of the Free German Trade Union Confederation in Düren
  • 4.2 .: Reopening of the commercial school in the attic of the Rölsdorfer elementary school
  • 3.2./4.2 .: On the night of the heavily damaged tower collapsed Marienkirche one
  • March 31: Seven playing boys from Lendersdorf between 8 and 13 years of age are killed in a mine accident near the DJK swimming stadium on Dr.-Overhues-Allee
  • April: The Düren - Nörvenich electric tram goes back into operation
  • April 25th: The Düren City Theater reopens in the festival hall of the provincial institutions
  • May 1st: May rally of the FDGB Free German Trade Union Federation on Hoeschplatz
  • June 23: First Corpus Christi procession across the city after the war
  • July 28th: ​​Beginning of the first Annakirmes after the war at the old water tower. Since the fair did not take place from 1940 to 1945, this year it lasted for 14 days as an exception. 68 showmen, but no snack and refreshment stands, without ice cream and confectionery sellers
  • 6.8 .: Foundation of the “Swiss Barracks Settlement” between Nideggener Str. And Burgauer Allee, today roughly the site of the Burgau grammar school
  • 10.8 .: Commissioning of a rubble sorting plant by the Milke company at Jesuitenhof , with which 300 to 400 m³ of rubble were sorted daily. The remaining rubble was brought to Nideggener Str. With a tilting lift and there, now the shooting range, was heaped up to a mountain
  • August 25: Commemoration for the victims of fascism in the Düren district in the festival hall of the provincial institutions
  • 15.9 .: First local elections: 22 CDU, 4 SPD and 1 KPD = 27 city council members
  • 30.9 .: First constituent city council meeting; Richard Bollig succeeds Ernst Hammans , who was appointed by the military government on October 7, 1945, as Lord Mayor . The first deputy mayor was Josef Dahmen, the second was Heinrich Bock
  • 1.10 .: The population has risen to 29,504
  • November 18: Lumber belonging to the city of Düren lying in the forest near Hürtgen cannot be removed because there are no nails to shoe the horses
  • December 13th: The city council decides on the honorary service of the inhabitants to the debris of the city for all male citizens from 17 to 60 years
  • December 24th: The local poet from Düren, Josef Schregel, dies at the age of 82 and is buried in Neumagen-Dhron / Mosel, where he was evacuated

1947

  • The tank barracks are used as emergency shelter
  • Opening of the district secondary school I in Wernersstr.
  • Prime Minister Karl Arnold visits the "rubble heap Düren"
  • 8.4 .: First service of the parish St. Bonifatius in the emergency church in the gym in the east school
  • April 16: The city council decides to accept the draft of the building councilor Heinrich Duration for the reconstruction of the city as a master plan
  • April 16: Ten-year contract between the city of Düren and the company Hermann Milke KG from Soest on the debris removal from Düren
  • 1.5 .: 29,989 people live in Düren again
  • 3.5 .: The districts and cities of Düren and Jülich publish the memorandum “Hürtgenwald and Rurlandnot”
  • July 15: Reopening of the Düren summer pool in Dr.-Overhues-Allee
  • July 15: Large forest fires in the Düren area
  • August: The Werner host Hoven is the Entschuttung the green belt commissioned
  • October: Anna bells return home
  • October 22nd: Resumption of gas supply in Düren-Nord

1948

  • Start of construction on the glassworks settlement in Rölsdorf for the expelled glass workers from Penzig (until 1949)
  • February: Opening of the Bahnhofspassage on Josef-Schregel-Straße
  • June: The badly damaged cycling track in the youth stadium is restored
  • 7.6 .: The Städtische Sparkasse moves into the Schenkelstr. 1
  • June 20: Currency Reform Day . Exchange of money at a ratio of 10: 1. Entry fee per person 40 Deutsche Mark (DM). Before that there was the Reichsmark (RM)
  • July 17: First market day after the war on Hoeschplatz with 26 stalls. It takes place three times a week with the sale of fruit, vegetables and flowers.
  • August 31: The “Zukunft” lignite power plant in Weisweiler informs the city that RWE will take over the power supply in the future
  • 4-12 September: Festival week "1200 Years Düren"
  • Consecration of the emergency church St. Anna in the orphanage in Waisenhausstrasse

1949

  • The Schützengesellschaft Düren-Ost is founded
  • The Annakirmes does not take place because of a typhus epidemic
  • From the "Sport friends Düren" is an entertainment committee that his first cap sitting in the hall Vaasen forms Merzenich keeps,
  • May 1st: Laying of the foundation stone for the reconstruction of St. Mary's Church
  • 8.5 .: Adoption of the Basic Law in the Museum Koenig in Bonn ; it came into force on May 23, 1949
  • June – September: In Düren and the surrounding area, around 300 people contract typhoid and paratyphoid fever as a result of the desolate state of sewage disposal
  • 1.9 .: The “Kaufhalle” relocates its business premises from a garage in Uhlandstrasse to the new Schenkelstrasse building. 23 / corner of Josef-Schregel-Str.
  • November 22nd: The Kaufhof at the corner of Wirtelstr./Bismarckstr. will be reopened with around 150 saleswomen. On the occasion of the opening, the Kaufhof donated 3,000 DM to the city as a contribution to the construction of a memorial for the victims of the bombing of November 16, 1944

1950

  • 1.6 .: The city-owned house Schenkelstr. 6–8 will be put into operation with 24 rooms after its reconstruction (the building is still a branch of the city administration in 2000)
  • 25.8 .: The banker and merchant Walter Theodor Prym sells the Jesuitenhof to the city of Düren
  • The armored barracks, inhabited by private individuals, are cleared for the Belgian military
  • November 18: Opening of the "Germania" cinema Wirtelstr. Converted into a grocery store in 1968

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Günter Bers: Düren in Rot, The demonstration of the Red Front Fighters Association (RFB) on the occasion of the "Red Day" in the city of Düren in 1926. Publisher: Joseph-Kuhl-Gesellschaft, Jülich 2011, ISBN 978-3-932903 -50-2 .
  2. ^ Horst Wallraff: National Socialism in the Düren and Jülich districts . Publisher: Hahne & Schloemer, Düren 2000, pp. 192/193, ISBN 3-927312-30-4