Drought imprecise

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Drought imprecise
City of Abenberg
Coordinates: 49 ° 14 ′ 3 ″  N , 10 ° 55 ′ 0 ″  E
Height : 397  (390-410)  m above sea level NHN
Residents : 267  (May 25 1987)
Incorporation : May 1, 1978
Postal code : 91183
Area code : 09873
Drought inaccurate around 1750
Drought inaccurate around 1750
Church of Dürrenmungenau
Village green from the north

Dürrenmungenau is a district of the town of Abenberg in the district of Roth in Middle Franconia .

geography

Geographical location

The Fischbach, a left tributary of the Franconian Rezat, flows through the parish village . The place is immediately surrounded by arable land and grassland. This is followed by the forest areas Grillen , Fritzbauernholz and Streitholz in the north, the forest area Im Eselloch in the southeast and Dürrenmungenauer Holz in the south . The entire area is called On the Sand .

Two communal roads lead to State Road 2220 (1.4 km northwest and 1.4 km northeast). Further communal roads lead to Obersteinbach ob Gmünd to the district road RH 39 (2.7 km southeast), crossing the St 2220 to Ebersbach (2.5 km north), to Beerbach to the district road RH 9 (2 km south) and via Fischhaus and Pippenhof to B 466 at Wassermungenau (2 km southwest).

geology

Drought inaccurate lies on lean sandy soil, the agricultural yields were low and deteriorated due to the increasing cultivation. The teacher Erhard Schneider experimented with the cultivation of lupins on the school field to improve the soil. Lupins have the property of adding nitrogen to the soil via the roots and thus enriching it with nutrients. The attempts with green manure were successful and between 1850 and 1868 there was an agricultural revolution in Dürrenmungenau. The method spread quickly and was imitated in large parts of the Franconian Keuperbeckens and on many other sandy soils.

The name of the Lupinenhof restaurant is a reminder of this time .

Townscape

The village green forms the center of Dürrenmungenau . The old town, the historic castle, the church and the brewery are grouped in a semicircle around it. The fact that this open space has not been built over to this day makes the entire facility a remarkable rarity.

history

When and by whom Dürrenm inaccurately was founded is not known. In 1142 there is a mention of a place Mungenowae . This, as well as subsequent documents, cannot be reliably assigned to drought inaccuracies. It is more likely that this means water inaccuracy. The basic word of the place name is mhd. "Ouwe, owe" (= water-rich meadow land), the defining word is the Franconian adjective "munk" (= broad). In 1300 there is the first reliable record as "Dürrenmungenawe". The prefix "Dürren–" classifies the soil of the place as dry and unproductive. Under the premises, (1) that places with the same name in the immediate vicinity refer to a family relationship, and (2) that places with poor soil are founded later than places with good soil, one can conclude that Dürrenmungenau is a daughter settlement of Wassermungenau.

The area around Dürrenmungenau originally belonged to the County of Abenberg, which after the extinction of the Counts of Abenberg came into the possession of the Nuremberg burgraves from the house of Zollern and thus later to the Principality of Ansbach . In the 13th century there was a " permanent house " to secure the Reichsstraße from Nuremberg to Augsburg . In 1285 Albert Rindsmaul the elder handed over the "ius patronus barrochie in Mungenau" (right of patronage over the parish church of Mungenau) to his uncle Herrmann von Vestenberg. Later Dürrenmungenau was owned by the Abenberger line of Seckendorff . In 1414 Heinrich von Seckendorff pledged half of the property to Jakob Zuckermantel from Wassertrüdingen and half to Stephan von Absberg , who bought the second half from Zuckermantel. In 1431 the fiefdom of Friedrich von Brandenburg was confirmed. In 1507 the Seckendorff redeemed the Dürrenmungenau pledge and so came back into possession of the property. In 1516 Dürrenm inaccurately got hold of the checks from Pleinfeld (also Schechs von Pleinfeld ), which introduced the Reformation. From 1554 to 1564 the noble residence was owned by the Nuremberg merchant family Schnöd. Hieronymus Schnöd, who already owned Defersdorf , then called himself Schnöd von Defersdorf and Dürrenmungenau .

The owners between 1564 and 1610 are not exactly known, but the Dettelbach zu Dürrenm inaccurate were mentioned. By 1594 at the latest, Dürrenmungenau became a manor and belonged to the Franconian Imperial Knighthood, Canton Altmühl . In 1610, Johann Christoph von Westernach acquired the estate on Dürrenmungenau and Laufenbürg and in 1614 had a church built, a rectory and a barn built and the cemetery next to the church. Since the construction of the church took place without consultation and Dürrenmungenau originally belonged to the Windsbach branch church of Wassermungenau, there was a long-term dispute with the church court and the Margraves of Ansbach, which resulted in a contract on July 12, 1617, the Dürrenmungenau from the parish of Wassermungenau severed. Dürrenmungenau was granted the rights of its own parish, Westernach and the subsequent landowners were granted patronage rights and the church was consecrated on February 16, 1618.

In the 16-point report of the Oberamt Windsbach from 1608, 30 teams are listed for Dürrenmungenau: 12 farmers and 16 Köblers were subordinate to the Lords of Westernach, 1 yard to the municipal bailiff of Eschenbach of the Teutonic Order and 1 yard to the Schwabach citizen of Neu . There was also the communal shepherd's house. The high court exercised the Brandenburg-Ansbach caste and city bailiff's office in Windsbach . After the Westernach the Crailsheim followed , but they received little mention.

During the Thirty Years War , the castle and the place were plundered and largely destroyed. The residents were either driven out or killed, so that the place was a deserted desert from 1642 . In 1651 the Nuremberg patrician Jobst Christoph Kreß von Kressenstein bought the manor. Through the possession of Dürrenmungenau, the Kreß in the canton Altmühl were enrolled in the imperial knighthood in Franconia. Jobst Christoph Kreß rebuilt the castle and the church and initiated the new settlement. The resettlement took place from 1656 BC. a. by Protestant religious refugees from the Lower Austrian Waldviertel , the Upper Austrian Mühlviertel (here especially from the "Ländlein ob der Enns") and from the Upper Palatinate .

In the Vetter'schen Oberamtsbeschreibung from 1732 31 properties are given for Dürrenmungenau: 10 farms, 4 half farms and 15 Gütlein were subordinate to the manor Dürrenmungenau , 1 property to the municipal bailiff office of Eschenbach and 1 property to the Nuremberg owner von Neu. There was also the shepherd's house.

Dürrenmungenau achieved a cultural boom in the 18th century through connections between the Kreß and the Pegnesian Flower Order . After the peasants' liberation in the middle of the 18th century and the reforms of the landlords, the Kreß sold their property in 1878 after 227 years to the farmer Paul Löhe, a nephew of Wilhelm Löhe .

At the end of the 18th century there were 32 properties in Dürrenmungenau. The high court exercised the manor Dürrenmungenau of Messrs. Kreß von Kressenstein to a limited extent. If necessary, it had to be delivered to the Brandenburg-Ansbach caste and city bailiff's office in Windsbach. The manor Dürrenmungenau ruled the village and community . The landlords were the manor Dürrenmungenau (29 properties: 9 whole farms, 8 half farms, 9 farms, 1 Tafernwirtschaftsgut , 1 empty house , 1 blacksmith farm), the city bailiff Eschenbach (1 whole farm, 1 farm) and the Nuremberg owner von Neu (1 half farm). In addition to the property, there were also church buildings (parsonage, parish church), communal buildings (school, shepherd's house) and stately buildings (castle, servant house, hunter's house, shepherd's house). From 1797 to 1808 the place was under the Justice and Chamber Office Windsbach . There were 31 subject families at that time.

In 1806 Dürrenmungenau came to the Kingdom of Bavaria . As part of the municipal edict, the Dürrenmungenau tax district was formed in 1808 , to which the Dürrenmungenauer mill, later to be called Weihermühle , belonged . The rural community Dürrenmungenau was founded in 1810 and was congruent with the tax district. It was subject to the Heilsbronn Regional Court in administration and jurisdiction and the Windsbach Rent Office in the financial administration . With the second community edict (1818), the community got extended self-administration rights. Fischhaus and Pippenhof were founded in the first half of the 19th century . From 1862 to 1879 Dürrenmungenau was administered by the Heilsbronn district office, since 1880 by the Schwabach district office (renamed the Schwabach district in 1938 ) and the Spalt rent office ( renamed the Spalt tax office in 1920 ). Jurisdiction remained with the Heilsbronn District Court until 1879, and with the Roth District Court from 1880 . In 1932 the Spalt tax office was dissolved. Since then, Dürrenmungenau has been subordinate to the Schwabach tax office in financial management . The municipality had an area of ​​6.617 km².

In 1896 the Barons Leuckart von Weißdorf bought the castle including the church patronage. The Leuckart were very committed to the place and the church. In the following decades they had the castle, the church and the associated buildings renovated and modernized. The church patronage was only replaced by the regional church in 1982.

On May 1, 1978, the municipality of Dürrenmungenau was incorporated into the city of Abenberg.

Architectural monuments

  • Dürrenmungenau Castle
    Dürrenmungenau Castle : The castle complex consists of a castle, castle park, orchard and estate, which are surrounded by a sandstone wall with onion domes. Little is known about the previous buildings of the castle. An earlier castle originally had the shape of a church. It was damaged in the Thirty Years War and rebuilt after 1651. From 1720 to 1725 it was rebuilt in baroque form and used as a summer residence by the Kreß von Kressenstein family. After the Kreß, Paul Löhe owned the castle in 1878 and sold it to Leuckart von Weißdorf in 1896. Around 1900 the castle was redesigned in the style of historicism, with new farm buildings being built. In the years 1918–1948 it served repeatedly as a war widow's and children's summer rest home. 1980–1986 the building complex was completely renovated. The roof and the bridge were repaired with funds from the Free State of Bavaria. Today the castle is owned by Luitgardis Körner, née Freiin Leuckart von Weißdorf, and her son. In order to preserve the Dürrenmungenau estate, a support association was founded in 2006.
  • Castle Park
  • St. Jakobus (Dürrenmungenau) , former parish church (Evangelical Lutheran)
  • Rectory
  • Numerous houses and barns

Population development

Dürrenmungenau community

year 1818 1840 1852 1855 1861 1867 1871 1875 1880 1885 1890 1895 1900 1905 1910 1919 1925 1933 1939 1946 1950 1952 1961 1970
Residents 220 269 312 298 311 298 270 272 311 303 305 304 305 269 271 265 261 252 231 361 318 296 289 302
Houses 42 54 56 55 57 57 53 64
source

Location Dürrenmungenau

year 001818 001840 001861 001871 001885 001900 001925 001950 001961 001970 001987
Residents 220 252 293 246 266 274 237 273 261 267 267
Houses 42 50 50 50 52 45 58 69
source

literature

Web links

Commons : Dürrenmungenau  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing (Ed.): Official local directory for Bavaria, territorial status: May 25, 1987 . Issue 450 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich November 1991, DNB  94240937X , p. 347 ( digitized version ).
  2. ↑ Drought inaccuracy in the BayernAtlas
  3. ↑ W.-A. von Reitzenstein, p. 57f.
  4. ↑ Transfer of the right of patronage
  5. ^ Fief given by Friedrich von Brandenburg
  6. ↑ The pledge of Dürrenmungenau in the Google book search
  7. ↑ Mention of the Schnöd - I. in the Google book search
  8. ↑ Mention of the Schnöd - II.
  9. ↑ Mention of the Dettelbach
  10. ↑ Mention of the consecration of the church in 1618 in the Google book search
  11. ↑ State Archives Nuremberg , 16-Punkt -berichte 43/1, 11. Quoted from M. Jehle, Vol. 2, p. 730.
  12. ↑ E. Krauss, p. 26.
  13. ↑ Admission of the Kreß to the Imperial Knighthood in the Google book search
  14. ↑ Reconstruction of the Church after the Thirty Years War in the Google Book Search
  15. ↑ E. Krauss, p. 27ff.
  16. ↑ F. Eigler, p. 310.
  17. ↑ M. Jehle, Vol. 2, p. 849. = F. Eigler, p. 387.
  18. ^ Johann Bernhard Fischer : Dürrenmungenau . In: Statistical and topographical description of the Burggraftum Nürnberg, below the mountain, or the Principality of Brandenburg-Anspach. Second part. Containing the economic, statistical and moral condition of these countries according to the fifteen upper offices . Benedict Friedrich Haueisen, Ansbach 1790, p. 405 ( digitized version ).
  19. ↑ State Archives Nuremberg, Government of Middle Franconia, Chamber of the Inner Tax 1952, 3850: Formation of the municipal and rural communities in the Heilsbronn district court in 1810. Quoted from M. Jehle, Volume 2, p. 963.
  20. ^ Address and statistical manual for the Rezatkreis in the Kingdom of Baiern . Buchdruckerei Chancellery, Ansbach 1820, p. 43 ( digitized version ).
  21. ↑ F. Eigler, p. 470.
  22. ↑ a b c Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official city directory for Bavaria, territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census . Issue 260 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1964, DNB  453660959 , Section II, Sp. 823 ( digitized version ).
  23. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 733 .
  24. ↑ Friends of the Dürrenmungenau Castle
  25. ↑ a b Only inhabited houses are given. In 1818 these were designated as fireplaces , in 1840 as houses , and from 1871 to 1987 as residential buildings.
  26. ↑ a b Alphabetical index of all the localities contained in the Rezatkreise according to its constitution by the newest organization: with indication of a. the tax districts, b. Judicial Districts, c. Rent offices in which they are located, then several other statistical notes . Ansbach 1818, p. 20 ( digitized version ).
  27. ^ A b Eduard Vetter (Ed.): Statistical handbook and address book of Middle Franconia in the Kingdom of Bavaria . Self-published, Ansbach 1846, p. 146 ( digitized version ).
  28. ↑ a b c Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Historical municipality register: The population of the municipalities of Bavaria in the period from 1840 to 1952 (=  contributions to Statistics Bavaria . Issue 192). Munich 1954, DNB  451478568 , p. 174 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00066439-3 ( digitized version ).
  29. ↑ a b Joseph Heyberger, Chr. Schmitt, v. Wachter: Topographical-statistical manual of the Kingdom of Bavaria with an alphabetical local dictionary . In: K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Bavaria. Regional and folklore of the Kingdom of Bavaria . tape 5 . Literary and artistic establishment of the JG Cotta'schen Buchhandlung, Munich 1867, Sp. 1042 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb10374496-4 ( digitized version ).
  30. ↑ a b Kgl. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to districts, administrative districts, court districts and municipalities, including parish, school and post office affiliation ... with an alphabetical general register containing the population according to the results of the census of December 1, 1875 . Adolf Ackermann, Munich 1877, 2nd section (population figures from 1871, cattle figures from 1873), Sp. 1207 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00052489-4 ( digitized version ).
  31. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Community directory for the Kingdom of Bavaria. Manufactured due to the new organization of government districts, district offices and judicial districts. Addendum to issue 36 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1879, p. 69 ( digitized version ).
  32. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Community directory for the Kingdom of Bavaria. Results of the census of December 1, 1880. Issue 35 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1882, p. 198 ( digitized version ).
  33. ↑ a b K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Localities directory of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to government districts, administrative districts, ... then with an alphabetical register of locations, including the property and the responsible administrative district for each location. LIV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1888, Section III, Sp. 1190 ( digitized version ).
  34. ^ A b c d e f g h i Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Historical municipality directory: The population of the municipalities of Bavaria from 1840 to 1952 (=  contributions to Statistics Bavaria . Issue 192). Munich 1954, DNB  451478568 , p. 184 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00066439-3 ( digitized ).
  35. ↑ a b K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Directory of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria, with alphabetical register of places . LXV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1904, Section II, Sp. 1263 ( digitized version ).
  36. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Localities directory for the Free State of Bavaria according to the census of June 16, 1925 and the territorial status of January 1, 1928 . Issue 109 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1928, Section II, Sp. 1301 ( digitized version ).
  37. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria - edited on the basis of the census of September 13, 1950 . Issue 169 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1952, DNB  453660975 , Section II, Sp. 1123-1124 ( digitized version ).
  38. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Official local directory for Bavaria . Issue 335 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1973, DNB  740801384 , p. 179 ( digitized version ).