Henri (Luxembourg)
Henri von Nassau (born April 16, 1955 at Betzdorf Castle in Betzdorf as Henri Albert Gabriel Félix Marie Guillaume ) has been Grand Duke of Luxembourg , Duke of Nassau since October 7, 2000 . In the German-speaking world he is also called Heinrich .
The full title is “ His Royal Highness Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg , Duke of Nassau , Prince of Bourbon-Parma , Count Palatine of the Rhine , Count of Sayn , Königstein , Katzenelnbogen and Diez , Burgrave of Hammerstein , Lord of Mahlberg , Wiesbaden , Idstein , Merenberg , Limburg and Eppstein ”.
Life
| Luxembourg Grand Ducal Family |
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HRH Grand Duke Henri
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Family and education
Henri was born at Betzdorf Castle as the eldest son of the grand ducal couple Jean and Joséphine Charlotte . He has four siblings: Princess Marie Astrid (* 1954), Prince Jean of Nassau (* 1957), Princess Margaretha of Liechtenstein (* 1957) and Prince Guillaume of Nassau (* 1963). He attended schools in Luxembourg and France . In 1973, the year he came of age , he was awarded the title Hereditary Grand Duke and from then on took on representative tasks. Until October 1980, Henri studied political science at the University of Geneva . During his studies he also met his current wife Maria Teresa Mestre , whom he married on February 14, 1981. Together they have five children, sons Guillaume , Felix , Louis and Sebastian as well as a daughter, Alexandra .
For military training he was at the Royal Academy of Sandhurst in England.
He speaks French, English, German and Luxembourgish . He is Honorary and Devotion Grand Cross Bailli of the Order of Malta .
capital
According to the American business magazine Forbes , Grand Duke Henri is the most underrated monarch in the world when it comes to wealth. In 2006, private wealth was estimated at EUR 4.6 billion. The Belgian newspaper Het Laatste Nieuws published a list of the richest monarchs in Europe in September 2007, on which Grand Duke Henri, with a fortune of 1.2 billion euros, “only” ranks fourth among the European monarchs, behind Prince Hans-Adam II . of Liechtenstein (3 billion euros), the British Queen Elizabeth II (1.8 billion euros) and the former Spanish King Juan Carlos I (1.7 billion euros). The Grand Ducal Court of Luxembourg called “the sometimes widespread opinion that the grand ducal family had enormous fortunes”, a “pipe dream”.
Official duties
On March 4, 1998, the then Hereditary Grand Duke Henri took over the duties of Head of State of Luxembourg as a representative ("Lieutenant-Représentant") of his father Grand Duke Jean. After his father's voluntary abdication, he was sworn in as Grand Duke of Luxembourg on October 7, 2000 and moved into the grand ducal residence at Berg Castle .
On March 17 and 18, 2006, Grand Duke Henri stayed with his son, Hereditary Grand Duke Guillaume, and his wife on the occasion of the celebrations for the 200th anniversary of the establishment of the Duchy of Nassau in Wiesbaden , formerly the residence of the Nassau dukes, now the capital of the German state of Hesse .
Institutional state crisis December 2, 2008
As it became known on December 2, 2008, Henri informed the Luxembourg Prime Minister Jean-Claude Juncker that he would refuse to sign the planned euthanasia law , which is about to be voted on for the second time, for reasons of conscience. At that time, the signing by the monarch was still a constitutional requirement for a Luxembourg law to become valid (previous version of Art. 34: "The Grand Duke confirms and promulgates the laws. He announces his resolution within three months of the decision of the Chamber of Deputies . "). This would be the first time since 1912 that the ruling Grand Duke refused to sign a law passed by parliament.
Jean-Claude Juncker announced that, even if he shared the Grand Duke's concerns, a law passed by parliament must also come into force. Thereupon the government and all parliamentary groups agreed on a constitutional amendment which formally disempowered the Grand Duke and in future only gave him the task of “promulgating” laws - the word “sanctionne” in Article 34 of the constitution was deleted. Parliament approved this amendment in first reading by 56 votes in favor and one abstention on December 11, 2008. A referendum against the constitutional amendment failed on February 11, 2009 with only 796 instead of the required 25,000 signatures, so that on March 12, 2009 all 52 MPs present passed the constitutional amendment law in a second reading. The Grand Duke, who had to approve a law for the last time, also agreed. The Euthanasia Act, signed by Grand Duke Henri and Minister of Health Mars Di Bartolomeo, was published in the Official Journal.
Orders and honors
Medals (selection)
| year | Country | Orders / decorations |
|---|---|---|
| 2000 |
 Luxembourg
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Grand Master of the Nassau House Order of the Golden Lion |
| 2000 |
Luxembourg
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Grand Master of the Order of Adolph von Nassau |
| 2000 |
Luxembourg
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Grand Master of the Order of the Oak Crown |
| 2001 |
 Spain
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Grand Cross with Collane of the Order of Charles III. |
| 2005 |
 Portugal
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Collane of the Order of the Infante Dom Henrique |
| 2007 |
Spain
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Order of the Golden Fleece (Borbón Line) |
| 2007 |
 Brazil
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Collane of the Order of the Southern Cross |
| 2009 |
 Italy
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Grand Cross with Collane of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic |
| 2013 |
 Austria
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Big star of the Decoration of Honor for Services to the Republic of Austria |
Coins
Since the Grand Duke's image is required by law in Luxembourg, no other person is depicted more often than Henri on euro coins. The portrait of Grand Duke Henri is emblazoned on a total of 29 different euro coins (as of 2016). It can be seen on all eight Luxembourg euro coins as well as on 21 2 euro commemorative coins (20 Luxembourgish, 1 Belgian).
line
Article 3 of the Constitution of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg stipulates: “The Crown of the Grand Duchy is hereditary in the Nassau family, in accordance with the Treaty of June 30, 1783, Art. 71 of the Vienna Treatise of June 9, 1815 and the London Treaty Treaty of May 11, 1867. "
The "Treaty of June 30, 1783" refers to the Nassau Hereditary Association , according to which the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg is inherited by the Nassau family to this day.
With the death of Grand Duke Wilhelm IV of the Nassau-Weilburg house , the entire Nassau house became extinct in the direct, legitimate male line . Due to the female succession to the throne of his daughters Maria-Adelheid and Charlotte , the Nassau line still exists. As a result of Charlotte's marriage to Prince Felix of Bourbon-Parma , the Nassau dynasty merged with that of the Bourbon-Parma . Since this title has the same rank of non-ruling duke as that of Nassau-Weilburg and for political reasons, the grand ducal family still calls itself "von Nassau" (Article 3 of the constitution defines the house of Nassau as the ruling house). This dynastic situation is also clear from Henri's large coat of arms . It contains both the coat of arms of Luxembourg and Nassau and that of Bourbon-Parma (three lilies of the kings of France , red border of the dukes of Anjou and the dukes of Bourbon-Parma , which is also covered with the shells of the latter). Heraldically, his title reads as “Grand Duke of Luxembourg from the House of Nassau, emerged from the House of Bourbon-Parma”.
ancestors
| Pedigree of Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (since 2000) | ||||||||
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| Great-great-grandparents | Duke Charles III. (Parma) (1823-1854) ⚭ 1845 |
King Michael I (Portugal) (1802–1866) ⚭ 1851 |
 Grand Duke Adolph |
King Michael I (Portugal) (1802–1866) ⚭ 1851 |
Prince Philippe of Belgium , Count of Flanders (1837–1905) ⚭ 1867 |
Duke Carl Theodor in Bavaria (1839–1909) ⚭ 1874 |
King Oskar II (Sweden) (1829–1907) ⚭ 1857 |
King Frederick VIII (Denmark) (1843–1912) ⚭ 1869 |
| Great grandparents |
Duke |
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King |
Prince |
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| Grandparents |
Prince Felix of Bourbon-Parma (1893–1970) |
King Leopold III. (Belgium) (1901–1983) |
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progeny
- children
In September 2010, Grand Duke Henri had the succession to the throne of the House of Luxembourg-Nassau regulated in the Family Pact of 1783, so that in future the firstborn will ascend to the throne, regardless of whether it is a son or a daughter. Grand Duke Henri and Grand Duchess Maria Teresa have the following five children:
- Guillaume Jean Joseph Marie (born November 11, 1981), Hereditary Grand Duke of Luxembourg ⚭ 2012 Stéphanie de Lannoy (born February 18, 1984)
- Félix Leopold Marie Guillaume (born June 3, 1984) ⚭ 2013 Claire Lademacher
- Louis Xavier Marie Guillaume (born August 3, 1986) formerly married to Tessy Antony (wedding 2006, separation 2017, divorce 2019)
- Alexandra Joséphine Teresa Charlotte Marie Wilhelmine (born February 16, 1991)
- Sébastien Henri Marie Guillaume (born April 16, 1992)
- Grandchildren
Hereditary Grand Duke Guillaume and his wife Stéphanie have a son:
- Charles Jean Philippe Joseph Marie Guillaume (born May 10, 2020)
Daughter and son of Prince Félix and his wife Princess Claire:
- Amalia Gabriela Maria Teresa (born June 15, 2014)
- Liam Henri Hartmut (born November 28, 2016)
Sons of Prince Louis and his ex-wife Tessy Antony, from 2006 de Nassau , raised by Henri to Princesse de Luxembourg on the 2009 national holiday , with the divorce on April 4, 2019, loss of the princess title and the salutation "Royal Highness", name with validity from September 1st, 2019 "Antony-de Nassau":
- Gabriel Michael Louis Ronny (born March 12, 2006), raised Prince de Nassau by Henri in 2009
- Noah Guillaume (born September 21, 2007), raised Prince de Nassau by Henri in 2009
Web links
- Henri on the side of the monarchy (French)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Grand Duke Henri (b. 1955) , The official portal of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, accessed on December 23, 2015 (English).
- ↑ Ranking: Where the richest monarch in Europe resides . World Online NewsEconomy
- ↑ wort.lu The sometimes widespread opinion that the grand ducal family had enormous fortunes is a " pipe dream "
- ↑ Marcus Stölb: A grand duke is disempowered. Parliament , No. 50/51, 8 December 2008
- ↑ Marcus Stölb: In future without the right of veto. Parliament , No. 52, 22 December 2008
- ^ Initiative against constitutional amendment in Luxembourg failed. ( Memento from February 27, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) aerzteblatt.de, February 20, 2009
- ↑ Constitutional amendment adopted in second reading. Luxemburger Wort, March 13, 2009
- ↑ Luxembourg brings euthanasia law into effect. ( Memento from March 22, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) aerzteblatt.de, March 17, 2009
- ↑ Boletín Oficial del Estado (PDF; 58 kB)
- ↑ Boletín Oficial del Estado (PDF; 37 kB)
- ↑ Decreto de 3 dezembro de 2007 . JusBrasil
- ↑ Website "Noblesse et Royautés" (French) ( Memento of 4 March 2016 Internet Archive )
- ↑ Website "royautes.ek.la" (French) ( Memento of 17 October 2013 Internet Archive ), accessed on July 2, 2013
- ↑ Article 3 of the constitution (PDF; 514 kB) p. 11
- ^ New arrangements for the succession to the throne ( Memento of January 12, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ royalcentral: http://royalcentral.co.uk/europe/grand-ducal-family-of-luxembourg/tessy-of-luxembourg-loses-title-76868 . ( rtl.lu [accessed September 10, 2017]).
- ↑ a b Luxemburger Wort on April 5, 2019: Prince Louis is now officially divorced (accessed on July 20, 2019.)
- ↑ Luxemburg is happy: The future heir to the throne has arrived. Belgian Broadcasting, May 10, 2020, accessed May 10, 2020 .
- ↑ a b c National Day: Celebrated all over the city . ( Memento of June 24, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) d'Wort , June 23, 2009; Retrieved September 19, 2012
Philippe (Belgium) | Rumen Radew (Bulgaria) | Margrethe II (Denmark) | Frank-Walter Steinmeier (Germany) | Kersti Kaljulaid (Estonia) | Sauli Niinistö (Finland) | Emmanuel Macron (France) | Katerina Sakellaropoulou (Greece) | Michael D. Higgins (Ireland) | Sergio Mattarella (Italy) | Zoran Milanović (Croatia) | Egils Levits (Latvia) | Gitanas Nausėda (Lithuania) | Henri (Luxembourg) | George Vella (Malta) | Willem-Alexander (Netherlands) | Alexander Van der Bellen (Austria) | Andrzej Duda (Poland) | Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa (Portugal) | Klaus Johannis (Romania) | Carl XVI. Gustaf (Sweden) | Zuzana Čaputová (Slovakia) | Borut Pahor (Slovenia) | Felipe VI. (Spain) | Miloš Zeman (Czech Republic) | János Áder (Hungary) | Nikos Anastasiadis (Cyprus)
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Jean |
Grand Duke of Luxembourg since 2000 |
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| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Henri |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Nassau, Henri von (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Luxembourg Grand Duke |
| DATE OF BIRTH | April 16, 1955 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Betzdorf (Luxembourg) |