Berneck SG
| SG is the abbreviation for the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland and is used to avoid confusion with other entries of the name Berneck . |
| Berneck | |
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| State : |
 Switzerland
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| Canton : |
 Canton of St. Gallen (SG)
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| Constituency : | Rhine Valley |
| BFS no. : | 3233 |
| Postal code : | 9442 Berneck 9435 Heerbrugg |
| UN / LOCODE : | CH BCK (Berneck) CH HEE (Heerbrugg) |
| Coordinates : | 763 757 / 254975 |
| Height : | 427 m above sea level M. |
| Height range : | 401–719 m above sea level M. |
| Area : | 5.62 km² |
| Residents: | 3963 (December 31, 2018) |
| Population density : | 705 inhabitants per km² |
| Website: | www.berneck.ch |
 The center of Berneck from Schlifisteg seen from |
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| Location of the municipality | |
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Berneck is a political municipality in the cultural landscape of the St. Gallen Rhine Valley in the canton of St. Gallen in eastern Switzerland . Politically, Berneck belongs to the Rheintal constituency .
geography
Geographical location
Berneck is located in the canton of St. Gallen, a canton of Eastern Switzerland on the border with Austria at an altitude of 405 meters and extends over an area of 5,629 km². As part of the Alpine Rhine Valley , Berneck is embedded in several side troughs of the St. Gallen Rhine Valley, at the foot of the northeastern foothills of the Appenzell Pre-Alps , which, depending on the division, are included in the Central or Western Alps .
Local division
In addition to the village center, the municipality of Berneck includes the hamlets of Kobel , Rüden , Taa , Husen , Hinterburg , Buechholz and parts of the village of Heerbrugg .
Between the northernmost foothills of the Appenzell Pre-Alps in the west and the Rosenberg , a mountain spur in the south, lies the historic village center, which is listed on the Federal Inventory of Places of National Importance in Switzerland ( ISOS ). Along the southern edge of the village, the Littenbach flows in an easterly direction to the Rheintaler inland canal . At the northern edge of the village, near the Schlifi , the Kübach flows through Berneck towards Au . In the north, near the municipality of Au on a slightly higher plateau, is the hamlet of Kobel , to the northwest, also on a plateau, is the hamlet of Rüden , which is divided into upper and lower dogs. In the west on the slopes of the Appenzeller Vorderland lies the hamlet of Taa , to the south of the hamlet of Husen and to the southeast, between the foothills of the Appenzell Prealps, the hamlet of Hinterburg .
Neighboring communities
The municipality of Berneck shares its municipal boundaries with four other political municipalities. Of these, two, namely Au SG and Balgach , are in the same constituency and the municipality of Oberegg in the canton of Appenzell Innerrhoden , and the municipality of Walzenhausen in the canton of Appenzell Ausserrhoden .
Area balance
In 2009, Berneck had 562.9 hectares of community space, which was spread over 2233 properties. 121 ha are artificially created areas ( cultivated land ) . Of this, 51 ha are paved areas, 27 ha are buildings and 2 ha are bedding structures. The grass and herb vegetation occupies 200 hectares. The area of the bush vegetation is 54 hectares, 42 hectares of vines grow on it . The tree vegetation extends over 172 hectares, of which 130 hectares are closed trees, 10 hectares are forest strips and 3 hectares are walnuts. Water and wet areas extend over 2 ha, the area without vegetation is 9 ha.
climate
Berneck is primarily subject to the general climate in the Alpine Rhine Valley . Due to the mountains on both sides, the village center of Berneck is protected in the valley corner of the Rosenberg and thus there is a mild microclimate. This and the influences of the alpine foehn , which influences the weather about 38 days a year, allow grapes to ripen on the numerous south-eastern slopes of the village and on the Rosenberg , the vineyard that faces most south . Palm trees and sweet potatoes also thrive . The climate is also excellent for fruit trees. The average annual temperature is around 10.7 ° C.
population
On December 31, 2018, Berneck had a permanent resident population of 3963 inhabitants. The gender distribution is even with 1980 men and 1983 women.
- 1820 are married
- 1614 single
- 190 are widowed
- 339 Divorced , unmarried or in partnership dissolved by a court .
3175 are Swiss citizens, 788 are citizens of other countries. 3,012 were born in Switzerland, 951 in other countries.
The most important countries of origin are the direct neighbors Germany (209) and Austria (183) as well as Italy (73).
From other countries:
- Macedonia 31
- Serbia 30
- Portugal 27
- Kosovo 27
- Croatia 26
- Hungary 19
- Spain 15
- Syria 11
- Afghanistan 11
- Turkey 10
- 116 inhabitants come from other countries
politics
Community president is Bruno Seelos, other members are Urs Castellazzi, Markus Dierauer, Jakob Federer-Aepli, Rof Ganten Bein, Johannes Hildebrand and Christian Sigrist.
economy
In 1500 the Bernang court received market rights, which were usually only granted to urban settlements.
Viticulture has dominated Berneck since the 15th century at the latest , which is already documented in the document (892) when it was first mentioned. It speaks of vineyards in Farniwang. With 42 hectares of cultivation area, Berneck is still the largest wine-growing community in the canton of St.Gallen. In 2019, the wine growers in Berneck harvested 217,064 kilograms of grapes. This corresponds to 21% of the harvest in the canton of St. Gallen.
As in many other villages in the St. Gallen Rhine Valley, beer was also brewed in Berneck. The Berneck brewery, founded between the 17th and 18th centuries, gave up brewing beer at the beginning of the 20th century. Only the bar of the Berneck brewery was renovated after the village fire of 1848 and has been preserved as a restaurant brewery ( Braui for short ) to this day. In 1886, the Bernecker Gewerbeverein was brought into being by 73 businesses. The Berneck wine cooperative was founded in 1903 .
Companies
Of the 259 companies active in Berneck, 71 were in the secondary sector and 188 in the tertiary sector.
The company sizes were distributed as follows:
- 253 companies with 1 to 9 employees
- 16 companies with 10 to 49 employees
- 5 companies with 50 to 249 employees
- 0 companies with 250 or more employees
One of the most traditional companies in Berneck, due to its viticulture, is the Thurnheer cooperage, founded in 1854. Schmid Wetli AG, founded by Samuel Thurnheer in 1860, looks back on a long winemaking tradition. The Sparkassa Berneck , founded in 1868 , merged with the Spar- und Leihkasse Balgach , founded in 1869 , in the Alpha Rheintal Bank . The bank building at Auerstrasse 1 is still operated as a branch.
employment
In 2017, 2071 people were employed in 319 companies in Berneck .
The distribution of workplaces and employees by economic sector is as follows:
- 27 workplaces with 73 employees in the primary sector (25 women / 48 men)
- 74 workplaces with 831 employees in the secondary sector (260 women / 571 men)
- 218 workplaces with 1167 employees in the tertiary sector (545 women / 622 men)
traffic
Even in Roman times, the Rhine was the most important traffic route. The connection from Lake Constance to Chur was of central importance for the economy in the Raetia province . So also for Berneck and the entire Alpine Rhine Valley . In 1700, however, that changed. As a result, the Rhine is only navigable as far as Monstein (today as far as Rheineck ) . The land route from Rheineck, at the foot of the foothills of the Alps, to Chur thus gained in importance. The entire bailiwick of the Rhine valley was able to benefit from it as a result.
Road connections
With the Taastrasse, Berneck had had decent connections to the Appenzellerland for some time . The most important one leads via Oberegg to Heiden, the capital of the canton of Appenzell Ausserrhoden . In 1700 a road from Monstein to Berneck Thalwinkel is mentioned. Ferries in Schmitter (towards Hohenems) and in Monstein (towards Bregenz ) are already mentioned in 1788 , later one was added in Oberen Far (today Oberfahr) to Lustenau. Monstein (Hof Widnau-Haslach) was as a junction Bregenz-Rheineck-Altsätze, an important Rhine crossing and the road through Berneck into Appenzellerland was an important traffic route. In the following years, the connection to Diepoldsau and thus the Alte Landstrasse to Heerbrugg, most important because of the direct ferry connection to Hohenems .
With the construction of the bridges, in 1867 in Monstein and 1878 in Oberfahr, Berneck increasingly became a traffic junction. The steep road into Appenzell often made it necessary to reload the ever larger loads. In 1864 the road to Walzenhausen , an important cattle trading center and up-and-coming health resort, was completed. After a year of construction, the first section of the new road to Obberegg was opened in 1867. As a result, going down the steep Taastrasse was forbidden because it also begins in Sonderegg. The complete and therefore much less steep road to Oberegg was completed in 1872. In 1882 the road to Oberfahr was completed. This created an important road connection from Berneck to Lustenau, especially with regard to the possessions of the municipality of Berneck in the Lustenauer Riet . In 1894 the road to Heerbrugg was redesigned, the route from Schlossbrugg to Unterdorf was straightened by the tramway and also widened to prepare it for the Altstätten-Berneck tram, which was also planned. With the opening of the St. Margrethen-Widnau section of Nationalstrasse 13 (St. Margrethen-Belinzona) in 1964, and the new construction of Auerstrasse , Berneck received another connection for modern private transport.
Rail transport
The age of the railways began in Switzerland in 1844 with the opening of the first line (from Strasbourg ) to Basel. With the Chur-Rorschach railway line , the first section of a railway from Lake Constance via the Lukmanier Pass to Lake Maggiore with a connection to Italy and the Sargans – Rapperswil railway line was to be the second access line towards Zurich and Basel. As early as 1852, the struggle for the location of the train station for the communities of Berneck, Balgach, Diepoldsau and Widnau began on the Südostbahn , which was planning the Rhine Valley line. Balgach wanted a train station in Müllaker , Berneck, Diepoldsau, Rebsteiner and Marbacher were in favor of the Heerbrugg location. Professor Karl Völker donated the land for the Berneckern to build the train station in Heerbrugg, which gave them the decisive advantage. In 1885 the railway line from Rorschach station via Sargans to Chur was opened under the now United Swiss Railways . In 1888 the Rhaetian Railway was founded as Landquart – Davos AG (LD), which was finally able to connect to Italy with the Bernina line to Chiavenna .
Public transportation
The bus route 302 of the RTB Rheintal Bus serves Berneck, from Heerbrugg train station , 3 times an hour. During rush hour traffic in the morning, at noon and in the evening, line 302 is served four times. PostBus Schweiz AG serves Berneck on route 226 Heerbrugg– Heiden once an hour on weekdays and around every second on the weekend. The rail traffic serves Berneck with the Heerbrugg station. The airports of St. Gallen-Altenrhein and Friedrichshafen (DE) are ideal for air traffic .
history
Naming
The place was first mentioned in 892 (as Farniwang ) in a document. This document, a parchment of 37 cm × 15.5 cm with number IV 445 (UBGS No. 738), is kept in the St. Gallen Abbey Archives. Testified on Wednesday, September 20th of the 5th year of the reign of King Wulfrich, of Solomo. III (Abbot of St. Gallen and Bishop of Constance) and his Vogt Vito , Dean Folchward , Otwin the sacristan, Bero of Probst, Windharius the doorman and present Numerous outdoor Alemanni . The document was certified by Notker I of St.Gallen. It bears witness to the fiefdom of the Farniwang estate to the wealthy Alemannic merchant Wolfhere , who had previously transferred the same to the St. Gallen monastery .
This place name no longer appears after 895 because of the gaps of 318 years in the documents.
From 1210 it becomes Bernanc , which is derived from the older Berinwanc (Corridor of Bero). Later it became the melodious Bernang (also Bernag ) and as a product of the weakening of the final syllables , the name Bernegg and finally Berneck prevailed in the 19th century .
middle Ages
coat of arms
Blazon : On a golden background, from green earth, grows a vine, on a brown stick, with blue fruit, held by a black bear . The black bear on a golden background testifies to the historical affiliation to the St. Gallen monastery . The vine is an expression of the long tradition in viticulture.
Art and culture
Local history collection
In 1969 Ulich Frei donated the Färberlis Hus , built by master Kaspar Schegg in 1706, to the community. The renovation was approved by the citizens on condition that a collection of local history be built up. On this occasion the outbuilding was transformed into a Torggel . The mighty wine press, also by Kaspar Schegg, dates back to 1682. According to historians, the Haus zum Torggel was built on the foundation walls of the Alemannic settlement Kelnhof .
Attractions
town hall
The town hall is a dominant gable building on the village square. First mentioned in 1501 as Gmeindhus and rebuilt in 1591. In 1943 Hans Burkard redesigned it in the typical home style. The open market arbor with its mighty wooden beams has been preserved, inside of which there are several inscriptions and memorial plaques for the court clerk Johannes Dierauer (1842–1920) and the writer / vicar Heinrich Federer (1860–1928).
Catholic parish church
The Catholic parish church of Our Lady was founded in the 9th century and was rebuilt in the 12th century. The choir dates from 1449, the Sebastian Chapel from 1468. Around 1500 the nave was lengthened. From 1760 to 1970 there was a baroque redesign and from 1937 to 1938 a renovation by Hans Burkard. Inside you can see wall paintings from the 15th to 17th centuries. In the bell tower there is a monumental five-part chime with the tone sequence f 0 -a 0 -c 1 -d 1 -f 1 ( Staad foundry , 1938). The big sacrament bell is the third heaviest bell in Switzerland (approx. 8,800 kg and the heaviest in the peal of a Catholic church). Because it is basically too big for the slim tower, the sound shutters have to be opened when the bell rings so that the clapper can swing out fully.
Holy Cross Chapel
South of the church is the Holy Cross Chapel, built in 1759, a showpiece of baroque architecture. The centrally oriented sacred building by the Vorarlberg master Johann Martin Ilg is characterized by its design with a quadrilateral floor plan and a concentric dome.
House of Lords
At the foot of the Rosenberg (Bahnstrasse 2) is the Princely House, a stone building with a steep gable. Is located above the round arch as crest ornamental of 1686 conferred Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation of the House of Savoy . The building, known simply as the tithe house , was built in 1729 at the instigation of Abbot Joseph von Rudolfi of St. Gallen. Until 1798 an abbot subordinate resided here, who was responsible for the collection of the wine tithe. The property is a listed building. It is privately owned and is still inhabited.
Other structures
- The Chlösterli on the eastern edge of the village is a former mill of the St. Gallen Monastery and probably dates from the 15th century.
- Other houses worth seeing are a knitted gabled house with a side arbor from the beginning of the 18th century and a half-timbered building with decorative painting (doctor's house) built around 1700.
The Rothus (Town Hall)
The Doktorhus (Doctor House)
The Schaffnerhus (Schaffnerhaus)
The Alti Schlifi
Schlössli on the Rosenberg. View from the south
Half-timbered building, dismantled in the male in 1860/61
The Holy Cross Chapel
Regular events
- the annual market with Kilbi takes place in July and the autumn market in October.
- The Torkelfest in Berneck takes place every two years in September.
Cultural associations
- Women's forum Rheintal
- Cultural Forum Berneck
- Do with Treff Berneck
- Path Middle Rhine Valley
- Tipidorf Middle Rhine Valley
freetime and sports
- In summer, the Bernecker Weier swimming pool, in the Hinterburg district at the foot of the Rosenberg, is a great day trip destination. It was opened in 1906 and comprises 19,908 m 2 with a sports field . The sports field in Oberdorf (Sportplatzweg 3) also includes a soccer field with natural grass, which is also used by FC Au-Berneck . Another sports field with a gym is located at the Stäpfli school building. Sports are encouraged in the crawling group, Muki gymnastics and children's gymnastics as early as infancy. In 2019, 62 clubs and cultural societies are active in Berneck.
sports clubs
- Badminton Association Rheintal
- Beach Volleyball Club Weier
- Berneck blue ring
- Football club FC Au-Berneck 05
- Berneck gymnastics group
- Karate and Kickboxing Berneck
- Lower Rhine Valley Cavalry Association
- Berneck men's team
- Schützengesellschaft Berneck
- Gymnastics Club STV Berneck
- Floorball club UHC Buffalo Rheintal Berneck
- Gymnastics and Dance Association
- VBC Berneck volleyball club
Music clubs
- Altstätten-Berneck accordion club
- Evang. Church and gospel choir Berneck-Au-Heerbrugg
- Guggesuuser Berneck
- Jodelchörli Berneck
- Catholic church choir
- Male choir Au-Berneck
- Berneck Music Association
Non-profit associations
- Evangelical Church Association
- Berneck Fire Brigade Association
- Non-profit women's association Berneck-Heerbrugg
- Non-profit and tourist association Berneck
- Help youth maritime group
- Catholic women's community
- Ornithological Association Berneck-Au
- Samaritan Association Berneck
Personalities
Born in Berneck
- Jakob Christoph Blarer von Wartensee (1542–1608), born on the Rosenburg zu Bernang , Prince-Bishop in the diocese of Basel
- Johannes Dierauer (1842–1920), historian
With other connection to the community
- Jakob Boesch (* 1887; † 1973) teacher in Berneck from 1908 to 1958
- Mike Egger (* 1992), resident in Berneck, member of the National Council since 2019
- Heinrich Federer (1866–1928), resident in Berneck, Catholic priest and writer
- Josef Anton Sebastian Federer (* 1794; † 1868), clergyman, teacher and politician
- Roger Federer (* 1981), resident in Berneck, tennis player
- Karl von Müller-Friedberg (1755–1836), grew up on the Rosenburg (1758–1763)
- Gabriel Walser (1695–1776), pastor , historian and geographer
- Walter Jüstrich (1926–2006), sculptor , iron sculptor and lithographer
Sculpture in the town hall
Street sign Berneck
Inscription on the Catholic parish church
Street sign Berneck
literature
- Political community Berneck (Ed.): Berneck 1100 years after the first documentary mention . Rheintaler Druckerei und Verlag AG, 1992, p. 124 .
- Jakob Boesch: The history of the Bernang farm and the municipality of Bereck . Ed .: Political Community Berneck. Rheintaler Druckerei und Verlag AG, 1968, p. 290 .
Web links
- Johannes Vogel: Berneck. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
- Official website of the municipality of Berneck
- Viticulture working day 1937 1947-Berneck SG on Youtube
Individual evidence
- ↑ Permanent and non-permanent resident population by year, canton, district, municipality, population type and gender (permanent resident population). In: bfs. admin.ch . Federal Statistical Office (FSO), August 31, 2019, accessed on December 22, 2019 .
- ↑ Land cover statistics: Land cover (NOLC04) by district and municipality, in hectares
- ^ Educational Council of the Canton of St. Gallen (Ed.): St.Gallerland . Kantonaler Lehrmittelverlag St.Gallen, 1982, The hair dryer helps, the hair dryer is harmful, p. 244 .
- ^ STAT-TAB: The interactive statistics database, population development by region, 1850–2000. Swiss Confederation, accessed on June 21, 2015 .
- ↑ STAT-TAB: The interactive statistics database, population status. Swiss Confederation, accessed on June 21, 2015 .
- ↑ Permanent resident population by institutional structure, gender, marital status and age group. Swiss Confederation, December 31, 2018, accessed October 17, 2019 .
- ↑ a b c Permanent resident population by institutional structure, place of birth and nationality. Swiss Confederation, December 31, 2018, accessed October 17, 2019 .
- ↑ Annual accounts 2019, Widnau community, p. 3
- ↑ Jakob Boesch: The history of the Bernang court and the municipality of Bereck . Ed .: Political Community Berneck. Rheintaler Druckerei und Verlag AG, 1968, Marktwesen-Vom Platzbrunnen, p. 72 .
- ↑ Annual financial statements 2019 Berneck municipality, p. 29
- ↑ Markus Löliger: Craft, trade, trade, in Berneck 1100 years after the first documentary mention . Ed .: Political Community Berneck. Rheintaler Druckerei und Verlag AG, 1992, p. 36 .
- ↑ The largest wine-growing community in the canton of St. Gallen. Berneck community, accessed on June 21, 2015 .
- ↑ Establishments, closings and the existence of active companies by municipality and economic sector. Federal Statistical Office (FSO), 2017, accessed on January 15, 2020 .
- ↑ Workplaces and employees by year, municipality, economic sector, size class and variable. Federal Statistical Office (FSO), 2017, accessed on January 15, 2020 .
- ↑ a b c d Workplaces and employees by municipality, economic sector and size class. Federal Statistical Office (FSO), 2017, accessed on January 15, 2020 .
- ↑ a b c Workplaces and employees by year, municipality, economic sector, size class and variable. Federal Statistical Office (FSO), 2017, accessed on January 15, 2020 .
- ↑ Politische Gemeinde Berneck (Hrsg.): Berneck 1100 years after the first documentary mention . Rheintaler Druckerei und Verlag AG, 1992, p. 70 ff .
- ^ Unsuccessful fight for your own train station. (PDF) Municipality of Balgach, accessed on October 18, 2019 .
- ^ Starting shot for the Rhine Valley route of the south-east railway. (PDF) Municipality of Balgach, accessed on October 18, 2019 .
- ↑ Politische Gemeinde Berneck (Hrsg.): Berneck 1100 years after the first documentary mention . Rheintaler Druckerei und Verlag AG, 1992, p. 73 .
- ↑ Dr. Hans Haselbach: The document - first documentary mention, in Berneck 1100 years after the first documentary mention . Pp. 10-11
- ↑ StiASG , Urk. IV 445. Online at e-chartae , accessed on June 12, 2020.
- ↑ Jakob Boesch: The history of the Bernang court and the municipality of Bereck . Ed .: Political Community Berneck. Rheintaler Druckerei und Verlag AG, 1968, p. 8 .
- ^ Beda Germann: The story and the famous Bernecker, in Berneck 1100 years after the first documentary mention . P. 12
- ↑ Jakob Boesch: The history of the Bernang court and the municipality of Bereck . Ed .: Political Community Berneck. Rheintaler Druckerei und Verlag AG, 1968, p. 7-8 .
- ^ Walter Dierauer: The local history collection, in Berneck 1100 years after the first documentary mention . Pp. 109-112
- ↑ a b Benito Boari: Berneck and his historical buildings, in Berneck 1100 years after the first documentary mention . Pp. 101-108
- ↑ Jakob Boesch: The history of the Bernang court and the municipality of Bereck . Ed .: Political Community Berneck. Rheintaler Druckerei und Verlag AG, 1968, p. 207 .
- ↑ Annual accounts 19, Berneck community, p. 64
- ↑ OUR SPORTS FIELDS. FC Au-Berneck, accessed on October 18, 2019 .
- ↑ Sport Kultur Freizet - clubs. Berneck community, accessed on October 18, 2019 .
Remarks
- ↑ The areas are given by the Federal Statistical Office in hectares (ha)
