Hirschlach

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Hirschlach
City of Merkendorf
Coat of arms of Hirschlach
Coordinates: 49 ° 10 ′ 50 ″  N , 10 ° 40 ′ 40 ″  E
Height : 422 m above sea level NHN
Residents : 136  (Nov 1, 2015)
Incorporation : May 1, 1978
Postal code : 91732
Area code : 09826
Hirschlach from afar
Hirschlach from afar
St. John's Church in Hirschlach

Hirschlach (dialect: "Hüəschlåch") is a district of the town of Merkendorf in the district of Ansbach in Middle Franconia .

geography

The church village is located on the northern edge of the Wiesmet nature reserve and consists of an older lower village on the slope to the Altmühlwiesen in the south and a younger upper village that adjoins to the north. The Altmühl flows about 1 km south, with the Bankertsgraben running between them. It rises west of Hirschlach and flows in the southeast into the Schlegelsbühlgraben, a branch of the Altmühl.

The district road AN 59 leads to the state road 2411 at Ornbau (1.5 km west) or via Heglau to the B 13 (2.7 km east). A communal road leads past Neuses to Triesdorf Bahnhof (2.7 km north).

history

In a document copied in the 14th century from the episcopal chair Eichstätt , which was probably created in 1208 on the occasion of a visit to the Herrieden monastery by the Eichstatter Bishop Hartwig , a "Hartwicus de Hirzlach" is named as Eichstätter Ministeriale in the series of witnesses. The lords of Hirschlach , a branch line of the lords of Hofstetten, owned the village of Hirschlach as a fiefdom of Eichstätt; a Gerhart de “Hirzlachen” already appears in a document from the last third of the 12th century (copy from the 13th century). A document from 1245 mentions Heinrich Schenk from “Hirzelach”, from the family of the Lords of Rothenburg , a document from 1248 gives Heinricus and Cunradus “de Hirzelach” as Eichstätter ministerials. Two other members of the family can be identified as abbots of the Heilsbronn monastery : Henricus de Hirzlach, 1282-1302 and 1306-1317 the 13th abbot of the monastery, and Friedericus de Hirschlag, 1335-1350 the 17th Heilsbronn abbot. 1294 are the brothers F and C. von Hirschlach named in a certificate from Hartmann Rindsmaul for the Heilsbronn monastery. The lords of Hirschlach had their seat, a simple weir system in the form of a water castle, south of today's village outskirts in the corridor "Im Burgstall". In 1530 the family died out with Carl Schenk von Hirschlach. In addition to the local nobility, there were other landlords in “Hirzlachn / Hirslachen” (as in documents from 1284 and 1312) , namely the gentlemen of Muhr , the Eichstätter ministerial taverns from Arberg (related to the Hirschlach local nobility), a Konrad Lörer and some Nuremberg residents Citizen; Their farms and goods - 21 in number - were sold or donated to the Heilsbronn Monastery until 1343. In 1311 Ulrich and Sophia von Muhr sold their two farms to the monastery. The Heilsbronn possessions in “Hirzela” were confirmed by Pope Innocent IV in 1249. In 1333 King Ludwig confirmed to the monastery that his subjects at “Hirzlachen” were subject to the clerical (monastery) court alone. The Lords of Hirschlach owned a castle chapel , of which nothing is left except a baptismal font that has been found again .

In 1447 what is now the Evangelical Lutheran St. John's Church was built. The monastery of Heilsbronn held village and community rulership and also the shepherd's staff as power over the village shepherds and the hut pastures until its secularization in the course of the Reformation in 1529. In 1528 the Reformation was introduced in the Margraviate of Ansbach ; In Hirschlach, this affected the Heilsbronn estate, while the manorial court in Eichstätt, which was under the episcopal caste office Ornbau , remained unaffected. In 1569 nine courtyards (eight Heilsbronn and one Eichstätt) were destroyed by arson; the Margrave of Ansbach and the Eichstätt bishop supported the reconstruction with timber.

In the 16-point report of the Oberamt Windsbach from 1608, 20 teams were recorded for Hirschlach: 8 farms and 10 goods were subordinate to the Merkendorf administration office , 1 farm to the Ornbau caste office in Eichstätt . There was also the shepherd's house and the forge. The high court exercised the Brandenburg-Ansbach caste and city bailiff's office in Windsbach .

The place was devastated in the Thirty Years War . In 1635, 12 of the 22 courtyards in the village were deserted and two burned down. The reconstruction dragged on for years.

Towards the end of the 18th century there were 22 properties in Hirschlach, a church and a schoolhouse, a shepherd's house and a residential building. The high court exercised the caste and city bailiff's office Windsbach, the village and community rule was held by the Merkendorf administrator. The landlords were the Merkendorf administration office (7 courtyards, 1 half courtyard, 11 estates, 2 houses) and the Arberg-Ornbau box office (1 courtyard). From 1797 to 1808 the place was under the Justice and Chamber Office Windsbach . At that time there were 19 subject families.

In 1806 Hirschlach came to the Kingdom of Bavaria . As part of the community edict , the tax district Hirschlach was formed in 1808 , to which Heglau , Hirschlach and Neuses belonged. The rural community Hirschlach was founded in 1810 and was congruent with the tax district Hirschlach. It was subject to the Heilsbronn Regional Court in administration and jurisdiction and the Windsbach Rent Office in the financial administration . With the second community edict (1818) the rural community of Hirschlach was split into

  • Rural community Heglau;
  • Rural community Hirschlach with Neuses.

From 1857 to 1862 Hirschlach was administered by the Gunzenhausen district court , since 1862 by the Gunzenhausen district office ( renamed Gunzenhausen district in 1938 ) and since 1865 by the Gunzenhausen rent office ( renamed Gunzenhausen tax office in 1920 ). The jurisdiction remained with the district court Gunzenhausen from 1862 to 1879, since 1880 with the district court Gunzenhausen . The municipality had an area of ​​6.265 km².

In 1912 the community was connected to the power grid of the Franconian overland plant . In 1956 the sewer system was built in Hirschlach and in 1970 in Neuses. Under its last mayor, Johann Reinwald , land consolidation was carried out in the Hirschlach community from 1966 to 1970 and sewage treatment plants were built for both places. In 1972 the cemetery in Hirschlach was expanded and a morgue and a fire station with a communal machine hall were built. Three years later, Hirschlach and Neuses are connected to the long-distance water pipeline of the Reckenberg group .

In the course of the municipal reform , the municipality came from the dissolved Gunzenhausen district to the Ansbach district in 1972 and was incorporated into the town of Merkendorf on May 1, 1978.

Next to the St. Johannis Church is the former schoolhouse, which was sold to private customers by the community in 1975: The Hirschlach children have attended school in Merkendorf since 1937, but due to the influx of large displaced families, the Hirschlach School was reopened in 1948 until they 1969 was finally dissolved. The parish hall and the former shepherd's house were demolished. In 2001, Merkendorf's then mayor Karl Huber erected a bronze stag on the square below the church as a landmark of Hirschlach . From 2006 to 2012 a village renewal took place in Hirschlach.

In Neuses there is a biogas plant operated by private individuals and in Hirschlach, in addition to commercial firewood processing, there is also a private biogas plant.

A family of farmers who have lived in the village of Uengershausen in the Würzburg district since 1634 can presumably be traced back to Hirschlach.

Church conditions

Hirschlach, before the Reformation a branch of the parish Ornbau with its own chapel of St. Johannes Baptist and St. Nikolaus with its own church assets and church caretaker and with the Heilsbronn monastery as patron saint, evidenced by a letter of indulgence from Archbishop Eyringus of Navarzan as early as 1400 , became patronage with the Reformation that the deer Lacher only 1,545 joined as a whole, an independent Lutheran congregation , but from 1573 the chaplain or later the deacon was supplied in Merkendorf who served as pastor of Hirschlach. He was also a school teacher and later lived in the Hirschlach sexton and school house; a winter school in Hirschlach is mentioned as early as 1680. Even today the place is administered from the Merkendorf parish office; In 1578, after the dissolution of the Evangelical Lutheran monastery convent Heilsbronn, the right of patronage was transferred to the Principality of Ansbach. The catholic subject family of the caste office Arberg - Ornbau remained parish after the Reformation after Ornbau; It was not until 1810 that the Catholic house No. 21 was also evangelical and parish to Hirschlach.

The choir of the St. Johannis Church was built in the basement of the tower in 1447, as indicated by the year on the keystone of the choir vault. In 1569 a sermon chair was added to the sacred building, which was replaced by another in 1588. In 1603 the belfry was rebuilt and in 1607 there was major construction work on the church. In 1621 the church tower was raised by the half-timbered storey. In 1656 the tiled roof of the three-storey church tower, which is late Gothic in the basement, had to be renewed. In 1726 the church received its first organ, which was bought from the community of Wald and which was replaced in 1787 by a new, probably larger instrument from the Merkendorf organ builder Keim; In 1889, today's organ was taken over from the Evangelical Prayer Hall in Eichstätt . In 1730 the nave was given its present form. In 1796 the cemetery was given its purpose, which was expanded by the political community in 1864 and again in 1973. In 1832 the half-timbering on the west side of the church tower was replaced by masonry. Four bells hang in the tower today (from the 2nd half of the 15th century, from 1597, 1951 and 1976). In 1889, during a major renovation of the church, a neo-Gothic interior was acquired; During a renovation in 1965/66, the altarpiece of the Risen One was replaced by a large altar cross by the woodcarver Traxler from Kapsdorf . In 1919 the local community procured a new tower clock, which was replaced by an electrical plant in 1975. The church has two baptismal fonts, a Romanesque font rediscovered in 1959 with a new base (probably from the castle chapel of the Lords of Hirschlach) and a baptismal font acquired around 1966. The chandelier dates from 1988, the two altar angels were carved in 1994 by the artist couple Pfeiffer from Mittelramstadt and placed on both sides of the altar cross in 1996. Since 1810 in the deanery Windsbach , the parish Hirschlach was attached to the deanery Gunzenhausen in 1876 .

Architectural monuments

  • House no. 6: Former inn
  • Evang-luth. Church of St. John

Building descriptions → List of architectural monuments in Merkendorf (Middle Franconia) #Hirschlach

Population development

Hirschlach community

year 1818 1840 1852 1855 1861 1867 1871 1875 1880 1885 1890 1895 1900 1905 1910 1919 1925 1933 1939 1946 1950 1952 1961 1970 1978
Residents 220 207 217 222 228 247 250 245 245 244 247 231 214 211 231 221 211 188 180 291 285 238 208 193 198
Houses 22nd 40 41 45 45 39 42 45
source

Hirschlach district

year 001818 001840 001861 001871 001885 001900 001925 001950 001961 001970 001987 002006 002015
Residents 160 153 150 166 135 122 125 184 135 119 142 145 136
Houses 14th 25th 28 27 22nd 26th 29 28
source

politics

Mayor of the former community of Hirschlach

mayor Term of office annotation
Michael Hahn 1854 Mayor; Hirschlach
Georg Beyser 1877 Mayor; Hirschlach
Michael Hahn 1894-1912 Mayor; Hirschlach (from now on the term "mayor" is used)
Georg Höger 1912-1924 Hirschlach
Johann Reinwald 1924-1945 Hirschlach
Michael Gesell 1945-1947 News
Karl Beyser 1947-1949 Hirschlach (he had a fatal accident on June 27, 1949)
Johann Rück 1949-1966 Hirschlach
Johann Reinwald 1966-30. April 1978 (dissolution of the municipality) Hirschlach

coat of arms

The municipality had its own coat of arms from 1956 until it was dissolved. The blazon reads: "In red on a golden lawn a leaping stag," the family coat of arms of the former local nobility.

societies

  • Hirschlach-Neuses volunteer fire department V., founded in 1894.
  • Country women Hirschlach-Neuses
  • Dorfgemeinschaft Hirschlach-Neuses e. V.

Regular events

Hirschlach always celebrates its parish fair on the Sunday after St. Johannis with a festive church service in the morning and a parish fair serenade in the evening. The Evangelical Lutheran parish of Hirschlach holds a parish festival for Hirschlach and Neuses around the St. Johannis Church in Hirschlach every year in the summer months .

Sons of the place

literature

Web links

Commons : Hirschlach  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Hirschlach , in: Georg Muck: History of Heilsbronn Monastery , Volume 2  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Daniel Ammon: “10. Citizens' Assembly for Seniors ” at habewind.de, accessed on November 24, 2015
  2. ↑ R. Schuh, p. 137.
  3. ↑ H. Walter, p. 125ff.
  4. ↑ H. Walter, p. 13.
  5. ↑ Hirschlach in the Bavaria Atlas
  6. ↑ Michael Lefflad: Regest of the bishops of Eichstätt. From 741-1229 . Program, Bischöfliches Lyceum Eichstätt, 1870/71, p. 45, no. 353.
  7. ↑ a b c R. Schuh, p. 137.
  8. ↑ M. Jehle, Vol. 1, p. 279.
  9. ↑ Information on gender from: H. Walter, pp. 16–21.
  10. ↑ H. Walter, p. 23; M. Jehle, Vol. 2, p. 413.
  11. ↑ M. Jehle, Vol. 1, p. 281.
  12. ↑ H. Walter, p. 11.
  13. ↑ M. Jehle, Vol. 1, p. 205
  14. ↑ M. Jehle, Vol. 2, p. 743.
  15. ↑ a b H. Walter, p. 35.
  16. ↑ State Archives Nuremberg , 16-Punkt -berichte 43/1, 15. Quoted from M. Jehle, Vol. 2, p. 730.
  17. ↑ H. Walter, p. 12.
  18. ↑ M. Jehle, Vol. 2, pp. 868f.
  19. ^ Johann Bernhard Fischer : Hirschlach . In: Statistical and topographical description of the Burggraftum Nürnberg, below the mountain, or the Principality of Brandenburg-Anspach. Second part. Containing the economic, statistical and moral condition of these countries according to the fifteen upper offices . Benedict Friedrich Haueisen, Ansbach 1790, p. 406 ( digitized version ).
  20. ↑ According to JK Bundschuh, Vol. 2, Col. 542, 20 subject families.
  21. ↑ State Archives Nuremberg , Government of Middle Franconia, Chamber of the Interior, Levy 1952, 3850: Formation of the municipal and rural communities in the district court Heilsbronn 1810. Quoted from M. Jehle, vol. 2, p. 963.
  22. ^ Address and statistical manual for the Rezatkreis in the Kingdom of Baiern . Buchdruckerei Chancellery, Ansbach 1820, p. 43 ( digitized version ).
  23. ↑ M. Jehle, Vol. 2, pp. 995f.
  24. ↑ a b c Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official city directory for Bavaria, territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census . Issue 260 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1964, DNB  453660959 , Section II, Sp. 785 ( digitized version ).
  25. ↑ H. Walter, p. 33.
  26. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 707 .
  27. ↑ a b c H. Walter, p. 37.
  28. ↑ H. Walter, p. 34.
  29. ^ H. Walter, p. 89.
  30. ↑ R. Schuh, p. 138.
  31. ↑ H. Walter, p. 43.
  32. ↑ M. Jehle, Vol. 1, pp. 74-76.
  33. ↑ H. Walter, p. 36.
  34. ↑ H. Walter, pp. 35-44.
  35. ^ Hanns Hubert Hofmann : Gunzenhausen-Weißenburg . In: Historical Atlas of Bavaria , part of Franconia . Series I, Issue 8. Komm. Für Bayerische Landesgeschichte, Munich 1960, DNB  452071089 , p. 262-263 ( digitized version ).
  36. ↑ a b Only inhabited houses are given. In 1818 these were designated as fireplaces , in 1840 as houses , and from 1871 to 1987 as residential buildings.
  37. ↑ a b Alphabetical index of all the localities contained in the Rezatkreise according to its constitution by the newest organization: with indication of a. the tax districts, b. Judicial Districts, c. Rent offices in which they are located, then several other statistical notes . Ansbach 1818, p. 41 ( digitized version ). For the municipality of Hirschlach plus the residents and buildings of Neuses (p. 64).
  38. ^ A b Eduard Vetter (Ed.): Statistical handbook and address book of Middle Franconia in the Kingdom of Bavaria . Self-published, Ansbach 1846, p. 148 ( digitized version ). According to the 1953 historical municipality register, the municipality had 238 inhabitants.
  39. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Historical municipality directory: The population of the municipalities of Bavaria from 1840 to 1952 (=  contributions to Statistics Bavaria . Issue 192). Munich 1954, DNB  451478568 , p. 173 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00066439-3 ( digitized ).
  40. ↑ a b Joseph Heyberger, Chr. Schmitt, v. Wachter: Topographical-statistical manual of the Kingdom of Bavaria with an alphabetical local dictionary . In: K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Bavaria. Regional and folklore of the Kingdom of Bavaria . tape 5 . Literary and artistic establishment of the JG Cotta'schen Buchhandlung, Munich 1867, Sp. 1035 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb10374496-4 ( digital copy ).
  41. ↑ Kgl. Statistisches Bureau (Ed.): Directory of the municipalities of the Kingdom of Bavaria according to the status of the population in December 1867 . XXI. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Ackermann, Munich 1869, p. 163 ( digitized version ).
  42. ↑ a b Kgl. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to districts, administrative districts, court districts and municipalities, including parish, school and post office affiliation ... with an alphabetical general register containing the population according to the results of the census of December 1, 1875 . Adolf Ackermann, Munich 1877, 2nd section (population figures from 1871, cattle figures from 1873), Sp. 1200 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00052489-4 ( digitized ).
  43. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Community directory for the Kingdom of Bavaria. Manufactured due to the new organization of government districts, district offices and judicial districts. Addendum to issue 36 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1879, p. 64 ( digitized version ).
  44. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Community directory for the Kingdom of Bavaria. Results of the census of December 1, 1880. Issue 35 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1882, p. 183 ( digitized version ).
  45. ↑ a b K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Localities directory of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to government districts, administrative districts, ... then with an alphabetical register of locations, including the property and the responsible administrative district for each location. LIV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1888, Section III, Sp. 1131 ( digitized version ).
  46. ↑ a b K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Directory of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria, with alphabetical register of places . LXV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1904, Section II, Sp. 1199 ( digitized version ).
  47. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Localities directory for the Free State of Bavaria according to the census of June 16, 1925 and the territorial status of January 1, 1928 . Issue 109 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1928, Section II, Sp. 1237 ( digitized version ).
  48. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria - edited on the basis of the census of September 13, 1950 . Issue 169 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1952, DNB  453660975 , Section II, Sp. 1069 ( digitized version ).
  49. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Official local directory for Bavaria . Issue 335 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1973, DNB  740801384 , p. 170 ( digitized version ).
  50. ^ Wilhelm Koch, Heinrich Helmreich: The former community Hirschlach. In: Merkendorf - historic small town in the Franconian Lake District. Merkendorf 1988, p. 344.
  51. ↑ Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing (Ed.): Official local directory for Bavaria, territorial status: May 25, 1987 . Issue 450 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich November 1991, DNB  94240937X , p. 329 ( digitized version ).
  52. ^ Fränkische Landeszeitung from Monday, December 4th, 2006: Michael Alban: "Stetiges growth"
  53. ↑ H. Walter, p. 32.
  54. ^ Wilhelm Koch, Heinrich Helmreich: The former community Hirschlach. In: Merkendorf - historic small town in the Franconian Lake District. Merkendorf 1988, p. 344.
  55. ↑ H. Walter, p. 21.
  56. ↑ H. Walter, p. 108.