Jacob Joseph Matthys

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jakob Joseph Matthys
portrait on the grave tablet, today in the Wolfenschiessen ossuary
Signature "Jakob Matthys, Kaplan"
(Archive of the Swiss Idiotikon)

Jakob Joseph Matthys [ˈmat (ː) ɪs] (the family name is also written Mathis and Mathys ; * December 12, 1802 in Oberrickenbach, Wolfenschiessen community ; † March 9, 1866 in Stans ) was a Catholic priest who served around 15 years as a chaplain in Maria-Rickenbach and worked as a chaplain in Dallenwil for about 20 years .

Mainly in his first position, which was far from filling him, he dealt with at least 37 foreign languages ​​as well as a planned language that is now forgotten. He wrote his own biography in 1844 in 35 languages, including the native dialect and the native written language.

When Matthys found out about the project for the Swiss Idioticon that had just started in 1862 , despite his illness, he worked out a monumental Nidwalden dictionary - a tome of 611 closely described pages - and an 89-page dialect grammar and sent both to Zurich. The dictionary is still one of the most important Nidwalden sources for the Idiotikon editorial team, and grammar is of importance in the history of science.

Life

Childhood and studies

"Jakobli is doing his college under the goats" (illustration in the St. Ursenkalender 1872)

Matthys was a son of the small farmer and - after he had sold his little estate out of need - day laborer Niklaus Josef Mathis and Anna Josefa, née Käslin. He grew up in great poverty, from six to sixteen in Beckenried , his mother's home village. As a boy he tended goats on the Buochserhorn , combed silk and spun cotton; later he and his father collected resin, looked for roots for doctors and brandy distillers and wood for cooper and other craftsmen. As he got older, he worked as a farmhand.

Matthys did not go to school until he was 21 years old. He taught himself to read, write and do arithmetic. It was said of the fifteen-year-old boy that anyone who had to calculate a haystack, a cattle etch or a "cheese solution" in the area would have had it done by young Matthys. From 1821 to January 1823 he served in Bavaria with one of the princes of Oettingen as a "Swiss servant". In 1822 he bought the Latin grammar and the Latin-German dictionary from Christian Gottlieb Broeder on the market in the “nearby town” and began to learn Latin . He continued this self-study in the summer of 1823 when he was working as a shepherd high above Engelberg . In order not to have to look up the dictionary all the time, he learned it by heart without further ado.

The local chaplain became aware of the youth and procured him a patron in the painter Martin Obersteg the Younger, so that Matthys could attend the Capuchin Latin school in Stans from December 1823 . Learning was easy for him - he finished school in two and a half instead of four years. In the school year 1826/1827 he was at the college in Solothurn , where he took the penultimate course of the year before transferring to the university. In 1828 he studied at the Jesuit College of St. Michael in Freiburg , from 1829 to 1831 at the seminary in Lucerne and in 1831/1832 at the seminary in Chur - where he always graduated with top marks. Since his patron had died in the meantime, he had to earn a living as a tutor . On March 6, 1831 he received the minor ordinations , on March 13 he became a subdeacon , on March 19 a deacon and on March 25 he was ordained a priest .

As a pilgrimage chaplain in Maria-Rickenbach (1831–1845)

Memorial plaque in Maria-Rickenbach

As a child from a poor family, Matthys had to start looking for a job as soon as possible. On November 6, 1831, he was elected chaplain in Niederrickenbach , where he was responsible as a pilgrimage chaplain for Maria-Rickenbach (municipality of Oberdorf ). This, lonely and at an altitude of 1200 meters, was at that time only a moderately visited place of pilgrimage and not yet a monastery. During the entire winter months, Matthys had hardly anything to do, and there were few children to teach. In his autobiography, Matthys listed in seven points what had been withheld from him in order to divert attention from the lack of attractiveness of the chaplain, which therefore no one apart from him wanted. During this time he took refuge in a restless language study. However, the benefice was only associated with around 500 guilders - far too little for Matthys, who was dependent on many expensive books for his language learning, had to support his poor relatives and was increasingly suffering from health problems.

Learning foreign languages ​​evidently meant more to Matthys than his chaplain duties - the reports on his spiritual work are in any case "extremely tight". After all, in 1835 he published a revision of the pilgrimage booklet of Maria-Rickenbach, the pious pilgrim . New in it were the many quotations from Latin and Greek church fathers , teachers and writers, whom he calls on as witnesses of the devotion to Mary - in the series of mention in the pious pilgrim Bernhard von Clairvaux , Gregory , Eucherius , Anselm , Bonaventura , Ephräm , Ambrosius , Hieronymus , Thomas Aquinas , Antoninus of Florence , Johannes Damascenus , Augustine , Basilius , Wilhelm of Paris , Ildefons , Rupert , Irenäus , Epiphanios , Athanasius , Antonius of Padua , Germanus , Albertus Magnus , Petrus Damiani , Beda Venerabilis , Ignatius , Methodius and Sophronius . Apparently Matthys not only learned tons of languages ​​during these years, but also immersed himself in patristics .

Matthys' struggle against a new schoolbook from 1835 (see below ) that allegedly did not conform to official Catholic dogmatics also took place during Maria-Rickenbach's time , which further embittered him and made him a grouchy loner. The new building of the chaplain’s house, which lasted until 1842 or 1843, also bothered Matthys - in the half-finished house he could not heat during the winter and suffered from gout and rheumatism. Spa treatments, however, were expensive because he had to hire a curate cleric for every day he was absent . So Matthys tried to find another position, but set himself up a lot of barriers: For example, he turned down the Oberrickenbach chaplain that had been offered to him, which offered a prospect of the parish of Wolfenschiessen because he didn't want it to appear that he would just wait for the Wolfenschiesser pastor to die. In any case, his loneliness meant that he was only incompletely informed when a position became vacant somewhere.

The multilingual biography written during this difficult time shaped the all too one-sided image of Matthys as that of an unhappy eccentric.

As a chaplain in Dallenwil (1845–1864) and the last few years in Stans

Jakob Joseph Matthys as chaplain in Dallenwil (pencil drawing by an unknown hand)

In the autumn of 1845, Matthys found a new job as a chaplain in Dallenwil (or "Thalwyl", as Matthys himself wrote the place name). The community, which is partly in the valley floor and closer to the canton capital Stans , had 730 inhabitants at that time, which is why it was in greater demand than in the remote Maria-Rickenbach. He also successfully campaigned for the village school and was able to bring a Menzing sister to Dallenwil as a teacher, “so that boys and girls now have the same school”. During this time he appeared in public again and served as secretary of the cantonal priestly chapter from 1851 to 1853.

Towards the end of this time, Matthys wrote a huge Nidwalden dictionary and a detailed Nidwalden grammar for the Schweizerischer Idiotikon within a very short time (for more details, see below ). The correspondence with Friedrich Staub , the founder of the Idiotikon, from Zurich , and the interest he showed in him, once again aroused all the strength in him to complete the dictionary and grammar despite his illness: «Death knocked ever more violently; it was as if the Grim Reaper and the Idioticon were racing with each other. But the idioticon won it. "

Matthys' health continued to decline. In 1864 he traveled again to Baden for a cure , but had to break it off after ten days due to gastric bleeding and exhaustion. A little later he resigned as chaplain; He spent his last year and a half in the newly built cantonal hospital in Stans. He was buried in his home town of Wolfenschiessen. On the plaque attached to his grave cross were the first two stanzas of a poem that Matthys' brother Benedikt - at that time pastor in Hergiswil - had written:

«According to God's will you drank it
The bitter cup of suffering that brought you!
Following Jesus' example, deep in love,
bowing your head gently cried: 'It is done!'

Hail to you, even if the world once disregards you,
Although it misunderstood your science;
What people often disdain is respected there.
Your striving is recognized in heaven! "

Political-religious attitude

Inscription for Matthys, which was previously attached to the grave cross and is now in the Wolfenschiesser ossuary

As a chaplain in the alpine and rural Nidwalden in the 19th century, Matthys was fundamentally conservative. In 1835 he fought against a new textbook in which Jesus was stylized as a model for the students - he was diligent, listened carefully to the teachers, asked questions eagerly and became wiser every day. This implicit relativization of the dogma of the divinity of Jesus led to a dispute that shook the whole of Nidwalden until Matthys and his fellow campaigners achieved the withdrawal of the teaching material. As you can see from his autobiography, he wanted to make himself popular with the clergy with his commitment, in order to finally get away from Maria-Rickenbach and get a real pastor's position. However, the dispute left a poisonous atmosphere: A pastor and a teacher who had committed themselves to the new book died a little later, which was interpreted as a result of the "slander and misery" that they were "unable to cope with". Matthys, for his part, largely withdrew from the public for a long time.

However, Matthys was not one-sidedly conservative. His biographer Iso Baumer states that he was very skeptical about answers to prayer for the time in the pilgrimage site of Maria-Rickenbach. In Dallenwil he fought for strict adherence to compulsory schooling , as required by the cantonal school law of 1851. He complained to old Landammann Clemens Zelger that there was no authority in Nidwalden where he, as a religious teacher and school president, could find “effective help” so that daily school attendance could be enforced.

In the autobiography one reads explicitly in § 34 of his permanent conflict:

Nidwalden German version:

«I han ai gseh that the one part of the bishop and of the Staatszijtig griemd, the other of the Confederation and of the nijwe Zircherzijtig and the like. The unified party would have to agree with the principles, but I would have no problem with all their work and triumph; to the other partij ha-ni i de principles nid bijstimme chenne, only here and there i eppis, wil aj eppis good is everywhere. "

Standard German version:

"I have also seen that one party is praised by the bishop and the city newspaper [!], The other by the Confederation and the new Zürcherzeitung and the like. I had to agree to the principles of one party, but I should not have kept up with everything you do; I was unable to vote for the other party on the principles, only here and there in something, because there is something good everywhere. "

Create

The dialectologist: the Nidwalden dictionary and the Nidwalden grammar

In 1862 it was decided in Zurich to develop a new dictionary of recent and historical Swiss German - the Swiss Idiotikon . The driving force behind the project, Friedrich Staub , supported by the select committee of the “Association for the Swiss German Dictionary”, sent out an appeal that same year asking everyone interested to work on this work. The call also reached Matthys and once again awakened all strength in the old, seriously ill man. Incidentally, he already had contact with one of the members of the select committee, the philologist Heinrich Schweizer-Sidler , when he had sent him his translation of Parrat's auxiliary language, La langue simplifiée (see below ).

On September 12, 1862, he wrote a first letter to Staub, in January 1863 he had already presented him with a major project: first he wanted to make an “almost simple vocabolarium of our dialect” (of which he already had a sketch), and in a second step he wanted to do it He will expand the "Vocabularium" and put together the idioms, old words and local names, also incorporate the dictionary of his compatriot Karl von Deschwanden and write a grammar, and last but not least, he will contact the Abbot of Engelberg so that he can use the dialect of the The monastery village Engelberg , and on the other hand Johann Ming should record the deviations applicable in Obwalden . In another, almost simultaneous letter, he already sent a first list of around 2500 words. At the end of 1863 or beginning of 1864 he sent the last issues to Zurich, so that in the end a dictionary with 611 densely written folio pages was created. In 1864 a dialect grammar composed of 89 quarters followed , and he also translated some poems from the book Großätti from the Leberberg by Franz Josef Schild from Solothurn into his Nidwalden German.

Matthys' last letter to Friedrich Staub, written in Nidwalden German, on January 4, 1866 (Archive of the Swiss Idiotikons)

Staub sent him fifty francs and a bottle of wine - the amount of money corresponded to a chaplain 's wages for 25 regular days or 50 sick days. Dust later invited him to Zurich, but the visit did not take place. But even when he was bedridden in the Stans canton hospital, Matthys discussed dialectological questions with his Zurich specialist, and Staub sent him another twenty francs on the New Year of 1866 - which financed the same number of days in the hospital. In his last letter, which he wrote on January 4, 1866, Matthys describes the course of his illness in Nidwalden German, but also ponders the dialects:

«They are glaib i Úrschele g'sÿ; there hand Si in the cup the ÿtaliän Akhzänt g'hérd, who is nid wôl uifz'zeichne-n, wil-me-ne sheer z'wilkhÿrli bruichd. In Valais hénd-Si ds Greek schi ῥ g'wiss g'nueg g'hérd; me gurgeled-s dâ bi-de most words dri ine. "

“I think you were in the Urseren Valley ; you heard the Italian accent in German, which is difficult to record because it is used almost too arbitrarily. In Valais you have probably heard the Greek ῥ in abundance; you gargle it in most of the words. "

Friedrich Staub was able to give Matthys the recognition he had missed so much during his life, and without this encouragement the dictionary and grammar would not have come about. Dust was aware of what he had in Matthys and was able to raise his battered confidence. To encourage his collaboration, he lent him Franz Joseph Stalder's Idiotikon (a dictionary from 1806/1812) and its dialectology (a grammar published in 1819) as well as Titus Tobler's Appenzellian vocabulary (1837). In the annual report of the Swiss Idiotikon from 1868, he paid tribute to the person and the lexicologist Matthys in detail:

«You have to read this sample work with your own eyes to get an idea of ​​the agility and richness of the dialects, but also to learn about the author's keen senses, who do not miss the smallest detail about which we ordinary people thoughtlessly hitchhike to convince at once that we have a born grammar before us. […] The grammatical tik was in every fiber of the man. […] Even without this [he wanted to add the Engelberg and Obwalden dialect to it], the plan and execution turned out to be great enough; namely, the aim is nothing less than the representation of the Nidwalden dialect in the totality of its current existence and is therefore not limited to the specialties and curiosities of it. "

With the help of the Idiotikon editor at the time, Rudolf Trüb , Matthys' biographer Iso Baumer subjected the dictionary and grammar to a more detailed check. Despite certain restrictions - Matthys was extremely pedantic as far as the prefixes and suffixes were concerned and subsequently also listed words (derivatives and compounds) that were simply constructed - he found that the dictionary contained "a vast amount of the most valuable information" are. It was not just a list of words: on the one hand, Matthys listed the various nuances of meaning with great intuition and precision, and on the other hand, he put them into a larger semantic , professional and grammatical context using comments ; even phonetic and sociological remarks are not missing.

In his review of Iso Baumer's biography , the German scholar Walter Haas also examined the Nidwalden grammar in more detail and emphasized the analytical penetration of the material. Characteristics are firstly the purely synchronous representation, secondly the astonishingly exact phonetic spelling of the dialect, thirdly the extensive treatment of what is "self-evident", which tended to lead to a complete description of the language system, and fourthly the tendency to formulate as much as possible as a rule which was reflected in exceptionally precise observations, for example of the morphonological alternations or the order of the enclitic pronouns. These four points are directly related to Matthys' previous excessive language learning (see below ). Because of its ability to rule abstraction Matthys "masterpieces" as his division get the nouns according to the plural education - a stringent classification as of the founder of scientific local grammar spelling applicable Jost Winteler 1875 ventured only suggestively. According to Haas, such a radically synchronous approach was only fully implemented again in Albert Weber's groundbreaking Zurich German grammar from 1948. Of course, the urge for completeness also led to entries that hardly corresponded to spoken reality. Thus, genitive of Numerals as eisis , a 'and bêdsis , both' 'doubtful', and both the - Matthys himself as "not popular" called - Futurum exactum (about the "Particialen verb": i g'lobt g ' sy g'sy sy “I will have been praised” [!]) as well as the present participle of sy “ to be” - sîjiid, e Sî each “being, a being” refers Matthys himself to the realm of the theoretical. All in all, Haas rates the importance of this first dialect grammar so highly that he calls for a scholarly edition with commentary - supplemented by the letters and explanations sent to Friedrich Staub.

The polyglot: the autobiography

Matthys divided his two-column autobiography into 34 chapters. In the left column he wrote each chapter in a different language (the last in his native dialect), and in the right column the same text was written again in High German .

§ 1 - Hungarian § 12 - Ancient Greek § 24 - Lower Engadine
§ 2 - Polish § 13 - Modern Greek § 25 - Surselvian
§ 3 - Upper Sorbian § 14 - Latin § 26 - Spanish
§ 4 - Russian § 15 - French § 27 - Portuguese
§ 5 - Slovenian (Lower Styria) § 16 - Italian § 28 - Old Occitan
§ 6 - Slovenian (Carniola) § 17 - Biblical Hebrew Section 29 - Old French
§ 7 - Czech § 18 - Old Ethiopian § 30 - Dutch
§ 8 - Chinese § 19 - Chaldean § 31 - Swedish
§ 9 - Persian § 20 - Middle Hebrew § 32 - Danish
§ 10 - Sanskrit § 21 - Syriac Section 33 - English
Section 11 - Malay § 22 - Arabic § 34 - Unterwaldnerisch
§ 23 - Maghrebian Arabic
"The goat boy closes his first bookseller business" - the young Matthys buys his first Latin textbooks (picture in the St. Ursenkalender 1872)

What we know about Matthys' language learning is mainly due to a letter sent in 1843 to the Nidwalden doctor and politician Clemens Zelger, which he forwarded to the Bernese orientalist , Graecist and librarian Ludwig von Sinner and which was printed in the Bernese Bund on July 13, 1854 ; one or the other is known from the autobiography and from the obituary published in the Obwalden newspaper . He learned Latin as a teenager and French in Stans (see above ), he learned Greek in Solothurn, and the young student from Freiburg sent his benefactor in Nidwalden a thank you card and New Year's card, which was now also written in Italian in addition to German, Latin and French , and finally Hebrew in Lucerne. However, he acquired a large part of the languages ​​in those fourteen years when he was in Maria-Rickenbach, "as if in a deserted wasteland without having to do anything," as he wrote to Zelger. In 1844 he finally wrote his autobiography in 33 foreign languages ​​as well as in Nidwalden German and Standard German. He seems to have only rudimentarily got to know three other languages, which he mentioned in 1843 in a letter addressed to Landmajor Clemens Christen. In Dallenwil, on the other hand, he rarely got to learn new languages ​​- with the exception of Hindustani and Langue simplifiée (see below for the latter ). All in all, he taught himself 38 languages ​​to varying degrees.

Matthys' tools were grammars, dictionaries and reading texts. He bought a lot himself; Ludwig von Sinner gave him Arabic and Hebrew teaching aids. For some languages, however, he had "hardly any grammar and only a few pieces of reading without a dictionary," as he told Zelger. If he only had texts of a language, he put together his own grammars. He learned Spanish by comparing the German, Latin, and Spanish versions of the book The Following Christ . For English and Alto-Occitan he wrote actual language courses, the English 276 pages.

The biographer Iso Baumer submitted the 33 foreign-language chapters to various experts with the request to assess their quality. Those in Persian, Ancient Greek, Latin, Ancient French, Syriac, Ancient Ethiopian, Russian and Czech did well. Matthys' Old Occitan, Lower Engadine (Vallader), Dutch, Swedish, Danish, Polish, Upper Sorbian, Slovenian, Old Hebrew, Bible Aramaic (Chaldean) and Hungarian were rated as fairly good. The texts in Sanskrit, Modern Greek, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, French, English, Middle Hebrew and Maghrebian Arabic turned out to be more bad than right, but still understandable. Without the adjacent German translation, Arabic, Chinese and Malay were hardly understandable. All non-Latin scripts are easy to read, only the Chinese characters are rather awkward. Several experts said that one noticed that the author was thinking from German (in the case of Hebrew from Latin), and several felt that Matthys had archaic Bible translations available for reading. Sometimes he was quite original: Since his Polish dictionary was obviously missing “Alp” and “Alphütte”, he replaced the two German words with the Polish terms for “ Riesengebirge ” and “Riesengebirgshütte”, and he was also humorous and creative in Hebrew .

Matthys himself saw his language skills quite realistic. He closed his letter to Clemens Zelger with these two paragraphs:

“So my polyglottic knowledge can only be fragments, and anything else is impossible. Speaking in foreign languages ​​is out of the question. B. didn't even hear a word in English.
Now I think you will excuse me to your friend [Ludwig von Sinner] and persuade him not to consider me a philologist, which would not have been possible in my circumstances and could no longer be possible. In other circumstances I would have become a philologist. "

Collaboration with Henri-Joseph-François Parrat: La langue simplifiée

Matthys also helped with the world auxiliary language La langue simplifiée or Stoechiophonie , which the Pruntrut professor Henri-Joseph-François Parrat had designed and published for the first time in 1858. The simplified language is based on syllables: there are 150 main roots with a long vowel and 100 secondary roots with a short vowel. The entire vocabulary and grammar can be put together from these 250 basic elements. The basic elements are borrowed from the oldest languages, especially Sanskrit ; the grammar is Indo-European . The linguistic system, according to which the combination of basic elements leads to a whole, is logical, but in fact only addresses educated people.

Matthys learned the language and made contact with its creator (Ludwig von Sinner had already made it in 1854/1855). According to Father Rolli, Matthys was a "valuable collaborator" Parrats. In fact, he translated Parrat's little book into German, expanded it, improved it didactically and wrote a foreword in which he explained the language. All these optimizations of the German version, which appeared in Solothurn in 1861, were also adopted in the French new edition from the same year, as Matthys wrote in a letter to the Zurich philologist Heinrich Schweizer-Sidler .

reception

"Mathis died unknown at the age of 64," said the obituary in 1866 in the Neue Zürcher Zeitung . The obituary in the Schwyzer newspaper focused on the Nidwalden dictionary and regretted that it would hardly ever be printed, even if it “can be used to such an extent that the general dictionary for Switzerland, which is gradually being formed [that is, the Swiss Idioticon ] will absorb individual torn fragments of Mathis's work ». The biographies that Joseph Ignaz von Ah (presumably) published in the Obwaldner Zeitung in 1866 and (surely) in the St. Ursenkalender in 1872, translated the chaplain’s unhappy life into a call that in rural-Catholic-conservative Switzerland more for the School system and education will be undertaken: «Ceterum autem dico - above all again and again, let it be said in all seriousness, - above all good schools, efficient educational institutions, always forward and never back with the education of young people!», It said in the Obwaldner Zeitung, "It is not the story of a powerful prince or great lord [...] it is only the story of a poor chaplain from the dark Unterwalden", was written in the St. Ursenkalender, and the latter was followed by an educational appeal: " Don't put the calendar down now, you young people, and start playing and gossiping. Think about it and say to yourself: Whatever I become, I want to become something right and one day be and remain a whole man. "

1871 was Eduard Osenbrüggen , originating from northern Germany and acting in Zurich law professor at Kernser see Pastor biographical data of Matthys and described him out in his hiking trials generally benevolent, but also critical: "The Browse this mosaic work must pity awaken with the man who hamster-like stored so many languages ​​without being of any use to science or the world ”, but he also learned that Matthys“ has put a very large amount of material for the Swiss Idiotikon at the disposal of the editorial staff in Zurich ”. In 1884 an article by an anonymous man appeared in Hermes , quoting broadly from Matthys' autobiography and concluding: “Mathys has achieved almost superhuman achievements, but nothing has fallen away for science, nothing could fall away. [... S] o one complains twice about the lot of the isolated, starving Caplan, against whom even the forces of nature seem to have allied, and who nevertheless fought and wrestled so bravely - a spiritual Robinson . " In general, Matthys' extensive language skills were the focus of memory; An article published in 1933 - with nothing new in content - was titled Der Nidwalden Mezzofanti in the Neue Zürcher Zeitung by Franz Odermatt , alluding to the linguistic genius Giuseppe Mezzofanti . Iso Baumer, whose biography was published in 1985, describes the person Matthys and his work quite critically in a final consideration, but then says conciliatory: "But precisely in his human mediocrity, which nevertheless allowed him to achieve great things, he deserves our respect."

Linguists saw Matthys in a different light. From Friedrich dust 1,868-written obituary in which he Matthys' dialectological performance impressive tribute was already above quoted. In her dissertation on the Nidwalden German diminutives , printed in 1903, Esther Odermatt stated that Matthys' dictionary formed the basis of her data, "because I owe him a lot that I would otherwise have missed." She closed the section with the words that the dictionary was "a worthy monument to the simple heroism of his life". But Matthys has the most significant effect in the Swiss Idioticon, the dictionary of the Swiss German language, according to: “Who,” as editor Otto Gröger wrote in 1933, “is able to consult almost every day the material that Mathis has compiled and viewed in his Nidwalden Idiotikon draw, the humble figure of the Dallenwil chaplain grows to him ». Finally, in 1987 Germanist Walter Haas was bothered by the fact that the “ polyglot ” Matthys was “overemphasized” in memories:

“No, he was not primarily a polyglot but a linguist ; the systematic aspect of the languages ​​attracted the depressed, and this drove him and at the same time enabled him to learn many an idiom whose grammar he had to work out himself from poor texts. "

Haas particularly emphasized the quality of Matthys' dialect grammar, gave it an almost scientific-historical significance and concluded from it:

“What Matthys lacked for a 'scholar' was not 'the necessary critical caution' [as the biographer Iso Baumer said], but the training [which Matthys himself stated in relation to Ludwig von Sinner; see above ]. That was the only reason he was forced to live out his 'grammatical tik' [Friedrich Staub] in that monstrous description of his life instead of in recognized channels. But when he was shown a goal by dust, it became clear what he had become capable of through inclination and analytical experience. "

estate

Matthys' library was closed after his death. His biographer Iso Baumer , however, found the Glossarium arabico-latinum by Jacobus Scheidius , Leiden 1769, in an antiquarian bookshop in Stans , which is full of handwritten additions and "was undoubtedly used by Matthys". This, as well as his autobiography and his English language teaching, are now in the canton library Nidwalden in Stans, his Nidwalden dictionary and his Nidwalden grammar in the library of the Swiss Idiotikon in Zurich. In addition, some of his letters have survived, mainly those to Ludwig von Sinner (1854/55, in the Burgerbibliothek Bern ) and to Friedrich Staub (1862–1866, in the archive of the Swiss Idiotikon in Zurich).

Works

  • The pious pilgrim to Maria-Rickenbach in the canton of Unterwalden nid the forest, for use by every friend of Mary. 2nd, revised edition. Räber, Lucerne 1835.
  • Self-biography of H. Caplans Jakob Mathys [title in the handwriting of Matthys' successor in Dallenwil, Franz Josef Joller] or What did I do and how did I feel? For 41 years. 1844 [title written by the author]. Manuscript in the Nidwalden Cantonal Library in Stans; reprinted in Iso Baumer (1985), pp. 141-219.
  • Stoechiophonie or simplified language by HJ F. Parrat, former [sic] professor. Solothurn 1861. [Translated from the French by Matthys, improved and provided with a foreword.]
  • Idioticon [Nidwalden dictionary]. Manuscript from 1863/64 in the library of the Swiss Idiotikon in Zurich.
  • Short grammar of the Nidwalden dialect. Manuscript from 1864, together with letters sent to Friedrich Staub in the library of the Swiss Idiotikon in Zurich; Printed without supplements in Iso Baumer (1985), pp. 221–282.
  • English language teaching or instructions on how to translate German speaking relationships into English. Undated manuscript in the Nidwalden canton library in Stans.

Further:

  • Jakob Joseph Matthys: An Autobiography. In: Der Bund of July 13, 1854, Supplement No. 191, p. 767 f. - Again under the title Strange autobiography in: Church newspaper for Catholic Switzerland 7 (1854), pp. 226–228. (It is a letter from Matthys to Clemens Zelger for the attention of Ludwig von Sinner, the latter forwarded to the Bund for publication.)

literature

Modern secondary literature

  • Iso Baumer : Jakob Joseph Matthys. Priest - linguist - dialectologist. Verlag Historischer Verein Nidwalden, Stans 1985 (contributions to the history of Nidwalden, issue 42) ( digitized version ).
  • Iso Baumer: Scientific and human enrichment: Chaplain Jakob Joseph Matthys (1802–1866) and the Swiss Idioticon. Presentation given at the general meeting of the Association for the Swiss German Dictionary on June 26, 1986. Manuscript in the archive of the Swiss Idiotikon.
  • Walter Haas : [Review of Iso Baumer's biography.] In: Zeitschrift für Dialektologie und Linguistik 44, 1987, pp. 408-410 (more of a separate contribution than a review).

Lexicons

Obituaries and previous appreciations
in chronological order

  • [Obituary, without author:] Neue Zürcher Zeitung , March 15, 1866, p. 336.
  • [Obituary, without author:] Schwyzer-Zeitung , March 16, 1866, p. 2.
  • [ Joseph Ignaz von Ah ?:] Chaplain Jakob Matthys. In: Obwaldner Zeitung, No. 22 of March 17, 1866, title page and p. 86 (year paged through). - With the note: No poetry, but truth; partly from a left autobiography, partly from the oral accounts of what happened .
  • Friedrich Staub : Accountability report of the Swiss Idiotikon to the employees, made by the Central Commission in autumn 1868. [Zurich 1868], pp. 42–45 ( digitized version ).
  • [Joseph Ignaz von Ah:] About a chaplain in the Unterwaldnerland and how many languages ​​he learned and how he got it. An entertaining story from which you can learn something more than just foreign words and languages. In: St. Ursenkalender, born in 1872. Published by the Association for the Dissemination of Good Books. Schwendimann, Solothurn 1872, pp. 17-26.
  • Eduard Osenbrüggen : Hiking Studies from Switzerland. 3rd volume, new episode. Schaffhausen 1871, pp. 120-126.
  • [without author:] A spiritual Robinson. In: Hermes. Organ of the Association of Young Merchants Lucerne, 2nd year, 1884, No. 6, pp. 45-48. - [The same:] Once again the "spiritual Robinson". In: Hermes. Organ of the Association of Young Merchants Lucerne, 2nd year, 1884, No. 8, p. 63 f.
  • Esther Odermatt: The deminution in the Nidwalden dialect. Diss. Univ. Zurich. Zurich 1903 (about Matthys p. 2 f.).
  • Franz Odermatt: The Nidwaldnerische Mezzofanti. In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung, No. 822 of May 7, 1933, literary supplement, sheet 4. With an addendum ibid by Otto Gröger .

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ The usual spelling of the Nidwalden family name is Mathis, cf. Family name book of Switzerland , but Jakob Joseph wrote himself at least in Matthys later years .
  2. ↑ a b Autobiography, § 1 (printed in Iso Baumer: Jakob Joseph Matthys. Priester - Sprachenkenner - Dialektologe. Verlag Historischer Verein Nidwalden, Stans 1985 [Contributions to the history of Nidwalden, issue 42], here p. 144/45).
  3. ↑ [Joseph Ignaz von Ah ?:] Chaplain Jakob Matthys. In: Obwaldner Zeitung, No. 22 of March 17, 1866, title page and p. 86 (year paginated through), here title page.
  4. ↑ Autobiography, § 2 (printed in Iso Baumer: Jakob Joseph Matthys. Priester - Sprachenkenner - Dialektologe. Verlag Historischer Verein Nidwalden, Stans 1985 [Contributions to the history of Nidwalden, issue 42], here p. 146/47).
  5. ↑ Autobiography, § 4 (printed in Iso Baumer: Jakob Joseph Matthys. Priester - Sprachenkenner - Dialektologe. Verlag Historischer Verein Nidwalden, Stans 1985 [Contributions to the history of Nidwalden, issue 42], here p. 150/51).
  6. ↑ 'Pasture and fodder for the cattle or the yield of a piece of land thereon'; see Schweizerisches Idiotikon, Volume I, Column 624 f., Article Atzi (n) g ( digitized version ).
  7. ^ 'Proceeds from the sale of cheese'; see Schweizerisches Idiotikon, Volume III, Column 1438 f., Article Lōsi (n) g II, where meaning 3a ( digitized version ).
  8. ↑ [Joseph Ignaz von Ah:] About a chaplain in the Unterwaldnerland and how many languages ​​he learned and how he got it. An entertaining story from which you can learn something more than just foreign words and languages. In: St. Ursenkalender, born in 1872. Published by the Association for the Dissemination of Good Books. Schwendimann, Solothurn 1872, pp. 17–26, here p. 20.
  9. ↑ In his autobiography Matthys writes that he “arrived at the princely court near Öttingen” and “was accepted” (autobiography, § 4; reprinted in Iso Baumer: Jakob Joseph Matthys. Priest - Linguist - Dialectologist. Verlag Historischer Verein Nidwalden, Stans 1985 [Contributions to the history of Nidwalden, volume 42], p. 150/151). In the letter to Clemens Zelger he only speaks of the "Franconian Bavaria" (Jakob Joseph Matthys: An autobiography. In: Der Bund from July 13, 1854, supplement No. 191, p. 767 f., Here p. 768). Von Ah, on the other hand, specifies the «Princely Family von Oettingen-Wallerstein» ([Joseph Ignaz von Ah:] From a chaplain in the Unterwaldnerland and how many languages ​​he learned and how he managed to do it. An entertaining story from which there is also something else can learn than just foreign words and languages. In: St. Ursenkalender, born in 1872. Ed. by the Association for the Dissemination of Good Books. Schwendimann, Solothurn 1872, pp. 17–26, here p. 22). Based on the latter, Iso Baumer identifies Matthys' employer as "Prince Friedrich Kraft Heinrich von Oettingen-Wallerstein" (1793–1842; Iso Baumer: Jakob Joseph Matthys. Priest - language expert - dialectologist. Verlag Historischer Verein Nidwalden, Stans 1985 [Contributions to the history of Nidwalden , Issue 42], here p. 10). The princes of Oettingen-Wallerstein, however, resided in Wallerstein, whereas Matthys' “Princely Court near Öttingen” is more reminiscent of the Oettingen-Spielberg line.
  10. ↑ Autobiography, § 6 f. (Printed in Iso Baumer: Jakob Joseph Matthys. Priester - Sprachenkenner - Dialektologe. Verlag Historischer Verein Nidwalden, Stans 1985 [Contributions to the history of Nidwalden, issue 42], pp. 154–157).
  11. ↑ Autobiography, § 8-10 (printed in Iso Baumer: Jakob Joseph Matthys. Priester - Sprachenkenner - Dialektologe. Verlag Historischer Verein Nidwalden, Stans 1985 [Contributions to the history of Nidwalden, issue 42], pp. 156-165).
  12. ↑ Autobiography, § 11 (printed in Iso Baumer: Jakob Joseph Matthys. Priester - Sprachenkenner - Dialektologe. Verlag Historischer Verein Nidwalden, Stans 1985 [Contributions to the history of Nidwalden, issue 42], pp. 164–167).
  13. ↑ Autobiography, § 15 f. (Printed in Iso Baumer: Jakob Joseph Matthys. Priester - Sprachenkenner - Dialektologe. Verlag Historischer Verein Nidwalden, Stans 1985 [Contributions to the history of Nidwalden, issue 42], pp. 178-181).
  14. ↑ Iso Baumer: Jakob Joseph Matthys. Priest - linguist - dialectologist. Verlag Historischer Verein Nidwalden, Stans 1985 (contributions to the history of Nidwalden, issue 42), here p. 22 f.
  15. ↑ a b Iso Baumer: Jakob Joseph Matthys. Priest - linguist - dialectologist. Verlag Historischer Verein Nidwalden, Stans 1985 (contributions to the history of Nidwalden, issue 42), here p. 26.
  16. ↑ Iso Baumer: Jakob Joseph Matthys. Priest - linguist - dialectologist. Verlag Historischer Verein Nidwalden, Stans 1985 (articles on the history of Nidwalden, issue 42), here pp. 26–30; the list of church fathers, teachers and writers on p. 29.
  17. ↑ See on this Iso Baumer: Jakob Joseph Matthys. Priest - linguist - dialectologist. Verlag Historischer Verein Nidwalden, Stans 1985 (contributions to the history of Nidwalden, issue 42), here pp. 34–38 and Matthys' autobiography, §§ 27–30 (printed in Iso Baumer's biography, pp. 200–207).
  18. ↑ On illness and job search or the obstacles see autobiography, §§ 31-34 (printed in Iso Baumer: Jakob Joseph Matthys. Priester - Sprachenkenner - Dialektologe. Verlag Historischer Verein Nidwalden, Stans 1985 [Contributions to the history of Nidwalden, volume 42], p 206-219).
  19. ^ For example, in the letter of June 18, 1854 to Clemens Zelger, printed under the title An Autobiography in the Bund of July 13, 1854, Supplement No. 191, p. 767 f.
  20. ↑ Matthys' entry in the school protocol from 1859, quoted from Iso Baumer: Jakob Joseph Matthys. Priest - linguist - dialectologist. Verlag Historischer Verein Nidwalden, Stans 1985 (contributions to the history of Nidwalden, issue 42), here p. 42 f.
  21. ↑ a b Friedrich Staub: Report of accounts of the Swiss Idiotikon to the employees, made by the Central Commission in autumn 1868. [Zurich 1868], pp. 42–45, p. 44 ( digitized version ).
  22. ↑ The complete poem by Benedikt Mathis can be found in Iso Baumer: Jakob Joseph Matthys. Priest - linguist - dialectologist. Verlag Historischer Verein Nidwalden, Stans 1985 (articles on the history of Nidwalden, issue 42), here p. 51 f. We are quoting the first two stanzas as they were in the original; on the grave tablet, which is now kept in the Wolfenschiesser charnel house , at the end of the second stanza, as in the first stanza, it erroneously reads “disregarded” instead of “misunderstood”, which would have rhymed with the “recognized” in the fourth line; furthermore, for reasons of space, the "also" is missing in the first line of the second stanza.
  23. ↑ On the subject see Iso Baumer: Jakob Joseph Matthys. Priest - linguist - dialectologist. Verlag Historischer Verein Nidwalden, Stans 1985 (contributions to the history of Nidwalden, issue 42), here pp. 30–34, as well as autobiography, §§ 17–24 (printed in Iso Baumer's biography pp. 180–195).
  24. ↑ So the interpretation of Iso Baumer: Jakob Joseph Matthys. Priest - linguist - dialectologist. Verlag Historischer Verein Nidwalden, Stans 1985 (articles on the history of Nidwalden, issue 42), here p. 34.
  25. ↑ Iso Baumer: Jakob Joseph Matthys. Priest - linguist - dialectologist. Verlag Historischer Verein Nidwalden, Stans 1985 (articles on the history of Nidwalden, issue 42), here p. 33 f.
  26. ↑ Iso Baumer: Jakob Joseph Matthys. Priest - linguist - dialectologist. Verlag Historischer Verein Nidwalden, Stans 1985 (Contributions to the history of Nidwalden, issue 42), here p. 43.
  27. ↑ Clemens (or Klemenz) Zelger (1793–1868) was a Nidwalden doctor and politician who acted several times between 1829 and 1846 as governing Landammann and delegate of the Diet. In 1847 he negotiated the surrender of the Sonderbund with General Dufour in Lucerne . According to Andreas Waser: Zelger, Klemenz. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . Volume XIII, p. 667.
  28. ^ Letter of June 18, 1854 to Clemens Zelger, quoted in Iso Baumer: Jakob Joseph Matthys. Priest - linguist - dialectologist. Verlag Historischer Verein Nidwalden, Stans 1985 (contributions to the history of Nidwalden, issue 42), here p. 42; this passage was omitted in the version published in the federal government .
  29. ↑ Autobiography, § 34 (printed in Iso Baumer: Jakob Joseph Matthys. Priester - Sprachenkenner - Dialektologe. Verlag Historischer Verein Nidwalden, Stans 1985 [Contributions to the history of Nidwalden, issue 42], pp. 215-219).
  30. ↑ State newspaper of Catholic Switzerland , conservative newspaper, then published in Lucerne.
  31. ↑ Der Eidgenosse , liberal newspaper, then published in Sursee.
  32. ^ Neue Zürcher Zeitung , liberal newspaper , still published in Zurich today.
  33. ^ Call for the collection of a Swiss German dictionary from June 15, 1862 and comments for the staff on the Swiss German dictionary (no date, but from the same year) .
  34. ^ Iso Baumer: Scientific and human enrichment: Chaplain Jakob Joseph Matthys (1802–1866) and the Swiss Idioticon. Presentation given at the general meeting of the Association for the Swiss German Dictionary on June 26, 1986, p. 3.
  35. ^ All letters from Matthys to Staub are in the archive of the Swiss Idiotikon in Zurich. Iso Baumer quotes Jakob Joseph Matthys in his book . Priest - language connoisseur - dialectologist, Verlag Historischer Verein Nidwalden, Stans 1985 (contributions to the history of Nidwalden, issue 42) on pages 46–48, 49–51 and 107–110 from this correspondence; the passages in Nidwalden German, however, have quite a few transcription errors.
  36. ↑ On Deschwanden's contribution, see also Friedrich Staub: Report of accounts of the Swiss Idiotikons to the employees, made by the Central Commission in autumn 1868. [Zurich 1868], pp. 42–45, p. 45 ( digitized version ). - Karl von Deschwanden (1823–1889) was a Nidwalden lawyer and politician. In 1866 he became President of the Police Court, in 1881 of the Court of Cassation and in 1887 of the Cantonal Court. In Stans he served as a community clerk from 1854, as a community councilor from 1860 and as a community president from 1866. 1862–1874 he represented the Liberals in the Nidwalden district administrator . His draft for a new property law (1863) never became law, but in 1877 he was involved in drafting the new Nidwalden constitution. After René Pahud de Mortanges: Deschwanden, Karl von. In: Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz ., Volume III, p. 660.
  37. ↑ Johann Ming (1820–1885) was 1847–1850 chaplain and 1850–1859 pastor in Lungern . From 1859 he lived in the women's monastery of St. Andreas in Sarnen , initially not mortgaged, then from 1864 to 1885 as a provisional monastery chaplain. From 1849 to 1857 he was a cantonal school inspector. Ming also wrote on religious, philosophical, and historical subjects; He was best known for his four-volume work on Niklaus von Flüe . After Ephrem Omlin: The Clergy of Obwalden from the 13th Century to the Present. Edited by the Historical-Antiquarian Association Obwalden. Sarnen 1984, p. 408.
  38. ↑ a b Iso Baumer: Scientific and human enrichment: Chaplain Jakob Joseph Matthys (1802–1866) and the Swiss Idioticon. Presentation given at the general meeting of the Association for the Swiss German Dictionary on June 26, 1986, p. 5.
  39. ^ Translation by the author.
  40. ↑ Iso Baumer: Jakob Joseph Matthys. Priest - linguist - dialectologist. Verlag Historischer Verein Nidwalden, Stans 1985 (contributions to the history of Nidwalden, issue 42), here pp. 115–124.
  41. ↑ That Ernst Niederberger wrote in his Nidwalden dialect dictionary (Stans 2000, 3rd edition Dallenwil 2007) on p. 11 that the sounds in the dictionary and in the grammar are "not written as they were spoken" is erroneous - Matthys' The spelling is not strictly phonetic, but it is on a comparable level with the Dieth spelling , which is often used in Swiss dialect dictionaries and grammars. It is also incorrect to say that Matthys "wrote a translation from the High German text into his personal dialect". Niederberger had never looked at the two works himself, in both cases there was a misunderstanding of the secondary literature - Iso Baumer's biography on Matthys and Edith Odermatt's dissertation on the diminutive in Nidwaldnerischen.
  42. ^ A b Walter Haas: [Review of Iso Baumer's biography.] In: Zeitschrift für Dialektologie und Linguistik 44, 1987, pp. 408–410, here p. 408.
  43. ^ A b Walter Haas: [Review of Iso Baumer's biography.] In: Zeitschrift für Dialektologie und Linguistik 44, 1987, pp. 408–410, here p. 409.
  44. ^ A b Walter Haas: [Review of Iso Baumer's biography.] In: Zeitschrift für Dialektologie und Linguistik 44, 1987, pp. 408–410, here p. 410.
  45. ↑ In the following we name the languages ​​according to today's usage; Matthys wrote "Ungrisch" for Hungarian, "Sorbian-Wendish" for Upper Sorbian, "Slovenian-Windisch" for the Slovene dialects spoken in Lower Styria, and "Slovene-Krainian" for the dialects spoken around Ljubljana, which lay the basis of today's standard Slovene , “Bohemian” for Czech, “Francais” for French, “Italian” for Italian, “Hebrew” for Biblical Hebrew, “Ethiopian” for Old Ethiopian, “Rabbinic” for Middle Hebrew, “Moorish Arabic” for Maghrebian Arabic, “Churwälsch-Rhaetian »For Surselvian,« Provencal old »for Old Occitan and« Dutch »for Dutch.
  46. ↑ Jakob Joseph Matthys: An autobiography. In: Der Bund of July 13, 1854, Supplement No. 191, p. 767 f., Here p. 768. For the whole see Iso Baumer: Jakob Joseph Matthys. Priest - linguist - dialectologist. Verlag Historischer Verein Nidwalden, Stans 1985 (contributions to the history of Nidwalden, issue 42), here pp. 74–83.
  47. ↑ Printed in Iso Baumer: Jakob Joseph Matthys. Priest - linguist - dialectologist. Verlag Historischer Verein Nidwalden, Stans 1985 (contributions to the history of Nidwalden, issue 42), here pp. 140–219.
  48. ↑ [Joseph Ignaz von Ah ?:] Chaplain Jakob Matthys. In: Obwaldner Zeitung, No. 22 of March 17, 1866, title page and p. 86 (year paged through).
  49. ↑ a b c Jakob Joseph Matthys: An autobiography. In: Der Bund of July 13, 1854, Supplement No. 191, p. 767 f., Here p. 768.
  50. ↑ Iso Baumer: Jakob Joseph Matthys. Priest - linguist - dialectologist. Verlag Historischer Verein Nidwalden, Stans 1985 [Contributions to the history of Nidwalden, issue 42], here p. 57.
  51. ↑ Iso Baumer and his language experts called in can identify some of the teaching materials.
  52. ↑ [Joseph Ignaz von Ah ?:] Chaplain Jakob Matthys. In: Obwaldner Zeitung, No. 22 of March 17, 1866, title page and p. 86 (year paginated through), here on the title page.
  53. ↑ The English grammar is now in the Nidwalden Cantonal Library; there the old Occitan was also listed in the catalog in 1985, but at that time it could no longer be found.
  54. ↑ Iso Baumer: Jakob Joseph Matthys. Priest - linguist - dialectologist. Verlag Historischer Verein Nidwalden, Stans 1985 (contributions to the history of Nidwalden, issue 42), here pp. 55–73.
  55. ^ Henri-Joseph-François Parrat (1793–1868) was a professor, businessman, cantonal -Albanian politician and orientalist born in Delsberg . As a politician, he advocated the independence of the Catholic Church in the largely Reformed Bern and for denominational schools in the northern Catholic part of what was then the Bernese Jura. After Christoph Zürcher: Parrat, Henri-Joseph-François. In: Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz ., Volume IX, p. 553.
  56. ↑ On the subject see Iso Baumer: Jakob Joseph Matthys. Priest - linguist - dialectologist. Verlag Historischer Verein Nidwalden, Stans 1985 (contributions to the history of Nidwalden, issue 42), here pp. 83–92. On pp. 86–91, Baumer introduces the language according to Matthys' preface.
  57. ^ P. Rolli: Un Orientaliste jurassien. In: Actes de la Société jurassienne d'Emulation, 1893–1897, pp. 84–102, here p. 92; also cited in Iso Baumer: Jakob Joseph Matthys. Priest - linguist - dialectologist. Verlag Historischer Verein Nidwalden, Stans 1985 (articles on the history of Nidwalden, issue 42), here p. 84.
  58. ↑ The letter is in the archive of the Swiss Idiotikon, it is quoted in Iso Baumer: Jakob Joseph Matthys. Priest - linguist - dialectologist. Verlag Historischer Verein Nidwalden, Stans 1985 (articles on the history of Nidwalden, issue 42), here p. 84.
  59. ^ [Obituary, without author:] Neue Zürcher Zeitung, March 15, 1866, p. 336.
  60. ^ Obituary in the Schwyzer-Zeitung of March 16, 1866, p. 2.
  61. ↑ [Joseph Ignaz von Ah ?:] Chaplain Jakob Matthys. In: Obwaldner Zeitung, No. 22 of March 17, 1866, title page and p. 86 (year paged through), here p. 86.
  62. ↑ [Joseph Ignaz von Ah:] About a chaplain in the Unterwaldnerland and how many languages ​​he learned and how he got it. An entertaining story from which you can learn something more than just foreign words and languages. In: St. Ursenkalender, born in 1872. Published by the Association for the Dissemination of Good Books. Schwendimann, Solothurn 1872, pp. 17–26, here p. 26.
  63. ↑ 'play for children'; see Schweizerisches Idiotikon, Volume I, column 1131, article g'vätterle n , where meaning 1 ( digitized version ).
  64. ^ Eduard Osenbrüggen: Hiking studies from Switzerland. 3rd volume, new episode. Schaffhausen 1871, pp. 120–126, here p. 124 f.
  65. ↑ [No name:] A spiritual Robinson. In: Hermes. Organ of the Association of Young Merchants Lucerne, 2nd year, 1884, No. 6, pp. 45–48, here pp. 47 and 48.
  66. ^ A b Franz Odermatt: The Nidwalden Mezzofanti. In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung, No. 822 of May 7, 1933, literary supplement, sheet 4.
  67. ↑ Iso Baumer: Jakob Joseph Matthys. Priest - linguist - dialectologist. Verlag Historischer Verein Nidwalden, Stans 1985 (Contributions to the history of Nidwalden, issue 42), here p. 139.
  68. ↑ Esther Odermatt: The deminution in the Nidwalden dialect. Diss. Univ. Zurich. Zurich 1903, here p. 2 f.
  69. ↑ Iso Baumer: Jakob Joseph Matthys. Priest - linguist - dialectologist. Verlag Historischer Verein Nidwalden, Stans 1985 (articles on the history of Nidwalden, issue 42), here p. 78.
  70. ↑ The estate is compiled in Iso Baumer: Jakob Joseph Matthys. Priest - linguist - dialectologist. Verlag Historischer Verein Nidwalden, Stans 1985 (contributions to the history of Nidwalden, issue 42), here pp. 285–287.
  71. ↑ The obituary is unsigned, but both the content and the at the same time popular and educationally moralizing tone are strongly reminiscent of the biography that appeared in the St. Ursus calendar in 1872 (see below). According to Iso Baumer: Jakob Joseph Matthys. Priest - linguist - dialectologist. Verlag Historischer Verein Nidwalden, Stans 1985 (articles on the history of Nidwalden, issue 42), here p. 2.
  72. ↑ The article is not drawn, but the copy from the Nidwalden cantonal library bears a handwritten author's note. According to Iso Baumer: Jakob Joseph Matthys. Priest - linguist - dialectologist. Verlag Historischer Verein Nidwalden, Stans 1985 (articles on the history of Nidwalden, issue 42), here p. 2.
personal data
SURNAME Matthys, Jakob Joseph
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Mathis, Jakob Joseph; Mathys, Jakob Joseph; Matthys, Jakob Josef
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swiss priest, language expert and dialectologist
DATE OF BIRTH December 12, 1802
PLACE OF BIRTH Wolf shooting
DATE OF DEATH March 9, 1866
Place of death Stans
This article was added to the list of excellent articles on September 11, 2017 in this version .