Kaimling

Kaimling City of Vohenstrauss Coordinates: 49 ° 37 ′ 35 ″  N , 12 ° 15 ′ 36 ″  E
Height :	442 m
Incorporation :	January 1, 1972
Postal code :	92648
Area code :	09659
Location of Kaimling in Bavaria
Aerial photo of Kaimling (2016)

Kaimling is a place in the Upper Palatinate . The formerly independent municipality is now a district of Vohenstrauß in the Neustadt an der Waldnaab district .

geography

The village of Kaimling is located in the Northern Upper Palatinate Forest Nature Park in the Luhe Valley . The place is on the district road NEW 23, the B 22 leads west in a distance of two and a half kilometers.

history

Slavic settlement

Many Slavic place names such as Döllnitz , Köttlitz , Söllitz , Gleiritsch , Burgtreswitz, Altentreswitz, Kaimling and Zeißau can be found along the Pfreimd and Luhe watercourses . Kaimling (1270 Chemdi , 1387 Kemdy , 1352 Kembeling ) is a bogus “ing place” and therefore not of Bavarian origin. The place was on the old trade route that came from Sulzbach via Luhe , along the river of the same name, to Michldorf , Kaimling, Waldau and from there via Georgenberg to Tachau .

Kaimling

Kaimling is documented from 1270 at the latest. The sons of the Ortenburg ministerial Berthold von Treswitz had a farm in Kaimling ( Chemdi ) as administrators , which was owned by the Waldsassen monastery . They renounced all claims to the court, which later became Kaimling Castle. In 1352 the Landgraves of Leuchtenberg acquired the tithe over seven farms in Kaimling from the Waldsassen monastery, which had got into an economic emergency. The tithe was a levy that was originally only levied by the church for the upkeep of the pastor and pastoral care, and which later also passed on to the secular landlord. At the end of the 14th century a Cunrad Wurczer was enfeoffed with the courts . The goods included a Taferne, an inn, usually with food and accommodation. Such taverns were often on trade routes, such as the Altstrasse, which at that time led from Sulzbach via Kaimling to Tachau.

The Waldthurner and Waldauer

In 1404 Friedrich Waldthurner was enfeoffed with the tithe over Kaimling ( Kemdie ), with the following entry in the files: "There are 6 goods from the Burghut to the Leuchtenberg". The people of Waldthurn had to do castle guard services in Leuchtenberg , i.e. the duty to manage and guard the castle with a team. A document from 1479 proves that the teaching of Johannes Hus was spread in Kaimling. Even in 1480 a smock from Lückenrieth and an Andreas Koch from Kaimling preached the Hussite doctrine . Both were imprisoned and expelled from the place by Landgrave Friedrich .

In 1536 the evangelical citizens of Weiden fought for the chapel of St. Staude , which stood ten paces from the Landgrave's office on Palatinate soil . Gilg von Waldthurn and his men advanced against the Weidener to prevent the chapel from being demolished. That happened a second time, but the Weidener remained victorious.

Three farms and a mill in Kaimling belonged to the Waldauer zu Waldau , which Georg von Waldau had sold to Gilg Waldthurner zu Kaimling in 1535 . Sebastian von Waldthurn and a sister of Gilg von Waldthurn had sold another part of the village to Jobst von Tandorf . This was a nurse in Pleystein . In the meantime, Mathes vom Stein owned parts of the village Kaimling, later Gilg von Waldthurn was the sole owner. In 1567 Kaimling became a Leuchtenberg property after a land swap with the Palatinate.

Landgravine Mechthild von Leuchtenberg renovated the castle in Kempting and turned the sheep farm into a lucrative line of business.

Hofmark and Kaimling Castle

Former Renaissance castle in Kaimling

In 1612 Kaimling was first listed as a separate Hofmark in the documents. In 1613 the grandson of the Landgrave, Landgrave Wilhelm, gave Gut and Hofmark Kaimling to the sisters-in-law of Count Palatine Friedrich , Annemarie and Emilie von Liegnitz , for 8,000 guilders . Kaimling came to the Palatinate shortly before the Thirty Years War . The Hofmark was also not spared the turmoil of this war. The Landgrave complained about this to the Emperor Ferdinand , since Kempding had been plundered by the Mansfeld troops . Imperial troops also stayed here in 1646 and 1647, which led to the peasants being robbed of all food and grain.

After the Landgraviate of Leuchtenberg came to Kurbayern through a change of ownership , Lieutenant Colonel Beno von Lichtenau received Kaimling as a gift in 1647 . In 1704, Elector Max Emanuel had the Kaimling Castle enlarged. A prison was set up in the vaulted cellar, which is still remembered today by the so-called beggar's cellar . An electoral judge's office is also proven here, one of the judges was called Zailler . An incident is known after the Gütler Ziebelbauer or Zielbauer stole the first Sam potatoes from the castle cellar in Waldau in 1752 ; therefore Kaimling is considered the first place in Bavaria where potatoes were grown.

In 1737, Ludwig Baron von Karg is named as the owner of the palace and court marque . In 1787 he sells the castle with all its belongings to Isaak von Eberz for 17,500 guilders. This young owner had an accident after six months and so Theobald Graf von Butler applied for the castle property . In 1821, Count Kajetan von Butler was named as the court lord of the local patrimonial court, 2nd class. He sells his property to the Jewish broker Löw , under whom the property was smashed. In 1824 jurisdiction was transferred to the Vohenstrauß Regional Court.

The farm with the castle and other buildings was acquired by the Johann Eckl couple from Niedermurach and his wife Barbara, born in 1823 . von Preislinger , who came from Holmbrunn .

In the courtyard there is still an oak that Johann Eckl planted. A courtyard wall partially surrounds the castle and the associated buildings. After the First World War , one floor was demolished and the roof structure and roofing replaced.

Luhe at Kaimling

Tax District and Parish Education

The Kingdom of Bavaria was divided into 15 districts in 1808, which were named after rivers based on the French model ( Naabkreis , Regenkreis , Unterdonaukreis , etc.). The districts were divided into district courts. The districts in turn should be divided into individual municipality areas. In 1808 the Vohenstrauß Regional Court was divided into 47 tax districts. One of them was the district of Kaimling with the villages of Kaimling and Kleinpoppenhof and the solitude of Herrnmühle. In 1821 the independent municipality of Kaimling with Herrnmühle was established. In 1946 Kaimling was incorporated into Roggenstein, but became independent again two years later. With effect from January 1, 1972, the Kaimling community was dissolved. It was incorporated into the city of Vohenstrauss.

Population development in Kaimling from 1838

1838-1925

year	Residents	building
1838	351	56
1871	350	146
1885	361	61
1900	346	62
1913	309	57
1925	338	63

1950-2011

year	Residents	building
1950	354	67
1961	344	66
1970	373	k. A.
1987	348	88
2011	290	k. A.

Church of the Immaculate Conception

Kaimling church and chapel

Kaimling was always Catholic and initially belonged to the parish of Michldorf . In the 18th century there was a forest chapel in the so-called Birkenschlag on the way from Kaimling to Kleinpoppenhof; Remnants of the wall can still be seen today. Then a wooden chapel was built on the banks of the Luhe . Its bells probably came from the earlier forest chapel, because they were dated 1731. This bell survived the First World War because it was hidden, but was melted down during the Second World War . Since 1952 the place has owned the Church of the Immaculate Conception (Kaimling) .

On the hill between Kaimling and Leuchtenberg , Fritz Schönberger built a chapel with the help of the Kaimling men's choir. This was inaugurated on July 13, 1997 by Pastor Gerhard Schmidt from Roggenstein , Pastor Alfons Forster from Michldorf and Chaplain Johannes Lukas . In the chapel there is a picture of the Virgin Mary painted on porcelain that Schönberger made himself. The altar with the intricately carved frame around the image of the Virgin Mary also comes from Schönberger. The chapel has a roof turret with an onion dome and a bell underneath.

literature

• Hans Frischholz, Otto Würschinger: Vohenstrauss through the ages. Local history about the history of the city on the occasion of the 600th anniversary of its first mention. 1378 - 1978. City of Vohenstrauß, Vohenstrauß 1978, pp. 39–43.
• Ernst Schwarz: Language and Settlement in Northeast Bavaria . Nuremberg 1960
• Dieter Bernd, Historical Atlas of Bavaria, part of Old Bavaria, issue 39, Vohenstrauss, Munich 1977, ISBN 3-7696-9900-9
• Alois Köppl: From the history of the community of Gleiritsch , 2nd edition, Gleiritsch 1988
• Illuminatus Wagner: History of the Landgraves of Leuchtenberg , 6 volumes, Kallmünz 1940–1956
• State Archive Amberg: Stand Book 225
• State Archives Amberg: Stand book 351
• State Archives Amberg: General File No. 501
• Ernst Emmering: The government of the Upper Palatinate, history of a central Bavarian authority , contributions to the history and regional studies of the Upper Palatinate, issue 20, Regensburg 1981

Web links

Commons : Kaimling  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Alois Köppl, From the history of the community of Gleiritsch, p. 33
2. ↑ Dieter Bernd, Historical Atlas of Bavaria, part of Old Bavaria, issue 39, Vohenstrauss, p. 4
3. ↑ Ernst Schwarz, Language and Settlement in Northeast Bavaria, p. 285
4. ↑ Dieter Bernd, Historical Atlas of Bavaria, part of Old Bavaria, issue 39, Vohenstrauß, p. 170
5. ^ Illuminatus Wagner, History of the Landgraves of Leuchtenberg, Volume III, 5
6. ↑ Dieter Bernd, Historical Atlas of Bavaria, part of Old Bavaria, issue 39, Vohenstrauss, p. 171
7. ^ Illuminatus Wagner, History of the Landgraves of Leuchtenberg, Volume V, 207
8. ↑ State Archives Amberg, Standbuch 225, 351
9. ↑ State Archives Amberg, General File No. 501/33
10. ^ Ernst Emmering, The Government of the Upper Palatinate, History of a Bavarian Central Authority, Contributions to the History and Regional Studies of the Upper Palatinate, Issue 20, Regensburg 1981, p. 12 ff.
11. ↑ Dieter Bernd, Historical Atlas of Bavaria, part of Old Bavaria, issue 39, Vohenstrauss, p. 232
12. ↑ https://www.bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de/landesbeschreibung-orte
13. ↑ Josepf Lipf (Editor): matrikel bishopric of Regensburg . Ed .: Diocese of Regensburg. Pustet, Regensburg 1838, p. 168 ( digitized version ).
14. ↑ Kgl. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to districts, administrative districts, court districts and municipalities, including parish, school and post office affiliation ... with an alphabetical general register containing the population according to the results of the census of December 1, 1875 . Adolf Ackermann, Munich 1877, 2nd section (population figures from 1871, cattle figures from 1873), Sp. 986 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00052489-4 ( digital copy ).
15. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Localities directory of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to government districts, administrative districts, ... then with an alphabetical register of locations, including the property and the responsible administrative district for each location. LIV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1888, Section III, Sp. 932 ( digitized version ).
16. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Directory of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria, with alphabetical register of places . LXV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1904, Section II, Sp. 975 ( digitized version ).
17. ^ Diocese of Regensburg (ed.): Register of the Diocese of Regensburg . ed. i. A. Sr Excellency of the Most Revered Bishop Dr. Antonius von Henle from the Episcopal Ordinariate Regensburg. Regensburg 1916, p. 332 ( digitized version ).
18. ↑ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Localities directory for the Free State of Bavaria according to the census of June 16, 1925 and the territorial status of January 1, 1928 . Issue 109 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1928, Section II, Sp. 992 ( digitized version ).
19. ↑ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria - edited on the basis of the census of September 13, 1950 . Issue 169 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1952, DNB  453660975 , Section II, Sp. 853 ( digitized version ).
20. ↑ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official city directory for Bavaria, territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census . Issue 260 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1964, DNB  453660959 , Section II, Sp. 627 ( digitized version ).
21. ^ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria . Issue 335 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1973, DNB  740801384 , p. 132 ( digitized version ).
22. ↑ Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing (Ed.): Official local directory for Bavaria, territorial status: May 25, 1987 . Issue 450 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich November 1991, DNB  94240937X , p. 266 ( digitized version ).
23. ↑ atlas.zensus2011.de
24. ^ Erwin Land: Schönberger Chapel near Kaimling. In church guides to churches and chapels in the city and large parish Vohenstrauss. (= Streifzüge - contributions to local lore and local history of the city and large community Vohenstrauss and the surrounding area, 15th year, 2000, issue 22 ), p. 68.
25. ↑ Elisabeth Dobmayer: A gem high above Kaimling. The chapel towers over the Luhetal and is a popular refuge for believers. Onetz dated December 2, 2018.