Kalckreuth (noble family)

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Family coat of arms of those of Kalckreuth

Kalckreuth or Kalkreut (h) is the name of an old Silesian noble family . The family, some of whose branches still exist today, belong to the Lower Silesian nobility. There is a kinship to four letter noble family in the late 18th century the Prussian received peerage, two people were due to adoptions as of Kalckreuth elevated to the Prussian nobility.

history

Johann Nikolaus von Kalckreuth
(1720–1807)
Friedrich Adolf von Kalckreuth
(1737-1818)
Stanislaus von Kalckreuth
(1820-1894)
Leopold von Kalckreuth
(1855–1928)

origin

The family was first mentioned in a document on December 16, 1284 with Heinricus dictus de Kalcruthe on Lyce near Dresden . Conrad von Kalckreuth appears in a document on December 6, 1286.

The family seat, the Kalkreuth rule (also Kalckreuth , today Karczówka in Poland ), was not far from Sagan in Silesia. The name changes from Kalcruthe to Calcrute, Kalkrüte and Kalkreuter. The spelling Kalckreuth was not used until the 16th century.

Spread and personalities

After Kneschke , who calls Kalckreuth one of the oldest and most distinguished Silesian noble families, Themo Kalcrüte also belonged to this family, who is said to have been Chancellor of Duke Wenzel von Liegnitz and his brother Ludwig I around 1342 .

As early as the 14th century, several lines appeared that could spread widely throughout Silesia, but also in Lusatia , the Mark Brandenburg , Mecklenburg and Poland . There the brothers Adam von Kalckreuth auf Hermsdorf and Carl Magnus von Kalckreuth zu Krakau received the Polish indigenous community on February 12, 1676 , which was confirmed for both of them on December 15, 1678 in Grodno .

The brothers Hans Ernst and Friedrich Adolf von Kalckreuth, who were raised to the Prussian count status in 1786 , founded the two lines of the count's tribe.

Hans Ernst Graf von Kalckreuth (born November 14, 1728 - March 31, 1792), the founder of the first counts line, married Konstantia Auguste Sophie von Schlabrendorff (December 14, 1742 - November 19, 1813) the daughter of the Prussian Minister of State Ernst Wilhelm von Schlabrendorf and left the sons Hans Wilhelm Adolph and Ludwig Ernst Heinrich Konstantin . Hans Wilhelm Adolph Graf von Kalckreuth (1766-1830) married Catharina Countess von Haugwitz († 1839). Her eldest son Alfred I. Graf von Kalckreuth (1803-1853) was the ruler of Siegersdorf near Freistadt in Silesia. From his marriage to Leontine von Gorszkowska he left a daughter and three sons. His sister Eusebia Countess von Kalckreuth (* 1814) married Camillo Freiherr von Seebach in 1835 , the ducal Saxon-Coburg and Gothic Real Secret Council and Minister. His brothers were Arthur Graf von Kalckreuth (* 1819), Lord of Hackpfüffel near Sangerhausen , District Deputy and Prussian Prime Lieutenant and Edwin Graf von Kalckreuth (* 1822), Imperial and Royal Rittmeister and later General Staff Officer of Franz II, King of the Two Sicilies . Ludwig Graf von Kalckreuth (* 1771), the brother of Hans Ernst, died in 1847 as a Prussian major general . From his marriage to Jeannette von Unruh , widowed von Buchholtz, he had two daughters and a son, Count Richard (1808–1879). He was a Prussian chamberlain and lieutenant general . In 1845 he married Valeska von Freysleben (* 1825) and left two sons and two daughters.

The founder of the second line of the count, Friedrich Adolf von Kalckreuth (1737-1818), is one of the best-known representatives of the family. He joined the Guard Corps in 1752 and in 1758 became adjutant of Prince Heinrich , brother of Friedrich II. In 1790 he became lieutenant general, in 1807 for the valiant defense of Danzig , Prussian field marshal and in 1809 governor of Berlin . His grandson Stanislaus Graf von Kalckreuth (1820–1894), son of Wilhelm Graf von Kalckreuth and his second wife Luise von Stechow (1791–1840), became Grand Duke of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach Chamberlain, Professor of Landscape Painting and Director of the Art School in Weimar .

On May 3, 1867, an all-gender association was founded that holds family days every two years.

Possessions

Manor Ober-Stentsch around 1860, Alexander Duncker collection

Over time, members of the family acquired significant property, including the Siegersdorf rule in the Bunzlau district , which remained in the family's possession for a long time. From 1292 to 1692 Dolzig in the Sorau district (now part of Lubsko ) was owned by the family. In the middle of the 19th century the aristocratic tribe was wealthy in the Prussian provinces of Silesia, Posen and Brandenburg. Adolf von Kalckreuth was Lord of Dietzdorf in the former district of Neumarkt and the Rittmeister a. D. Eduard von Kalckreuth was lord of Bielsko and Muchocin in the Birnbaum district . In the district of Meseritz were Sigismund Leopold von Kalckreuth zu Kurzig, Wilhelm Ferdinand Heinrich von Kalckreuth, Major a. D., to Obergörzig and Weissensee, and Ernst Ehrenfried von Kalckreuth to Samst, possessively. A lieutenant from Kalckreuth was Herr auf Stentsch in the Züllichau-Schwiebus district . The baronial line, which still owned Tschrschkowitz in 1750, later expired. FA von Kalckreuth owned the Bredenfelde estate in Mecklenburg in the 18th century .

Status surveys

Carl Friedrich von Kalckreuth, who came from the Dolzig line , was assessor of the land rights in the Principality of Opava , prince-bishop of Breslau council and governor of Canth, received the Bohemian baron status in Vienna on August 30, 1678 .

From the Klemzig line, the brothers Hans Ernst von Kalckreuth auf Siegersdorf and Friedrich Adolf von Kalckreuth, Prussian major general, received the Prussian count status in Berlin on October 15, 1786 .

Postage-like lines

The two unnamed natural sons of Amandus Karl Friedrich Samuel von Kalckreuth (* 1761), who died in 1794 as a royal Prussian lieutenant in the regiment of Holwede, and Anna Dorothea received a Prussian nobility legitimation with the settlement of the paternal name and coat of arms (not handed over) Georgie. Both, now named, Karl Friedrich and Ernst Friedrich as well as their two sisters Karoline and Wilhelmine received the Prussian nobility legitimation in Berlin on November 21, 1794.

Johann Heinrich, Prussian lieutenant in the fusilier battalion "von Pellet" and Helene Feußer, stepchildren and adoptive children of the Prussian Lieutenant General Wilhelm Heinrich Adolf von Kalckreuth (1735–1811), were raised to the Prussian nobility as von Kalckreuth on September 29, 1800 in Berlin .

coat of arms

Family coat of arms

The family coat of arms is split from silver and black and shows two upward sloping golden Kalkreuten (lime kiln forks). On the helmet a growing crowned maiden with a silver and black split dress, holding one of the lime-tree men in each hand. The helmet covers are black and silver.

According to the archivist Dr. Friedrich von Klocke is wrong about the coat of arms. The Kalkreuten (Kalkofe forks) were chosen for the name sound while the name actually from the village Kalckreuth in the former district Sagan derives, in whose name the syllable reuth genesis significant clearing means.

Baron coat of arms

The baronial coat of arms, awarded in 1678, is quartered . 1 and 4 the family coat of arms, 2 and 3 in gold on a green three-mountain, facing inwards, a gold-crowned black eagle . The coat of arms has three helmets with black and silver covers. On the two outer helmets the eagle facing inwards, in the middle the trunk helmet.

Coat of arms of the Counts of Kalckreuth

Count's coat of arms

The Count's coat of arms, awarded in 1786, is quartered and covered with a baronial crowned middle shield split in black and silver , in which there are two upwardly sloping chalk loaves in alternating colors. 1 and 4 in red a golden crown of leaves , 2 and 3 in blue 14 (4, 4, 3, 2, 1) golden balls (coat of arms of those von Bülow). The coat of arms has three helmets, on the right with red and gold covers a growing golden palm branch and such an olive branch, on the middle one with red and gold covers on the right and blue and silver covers on the left a growing virgin in a dress split in silver and black, a silver one Tie in front of the eyes, in the right a silver, in the left a black chalk rod, on the left helmet with blue-silver covers a black eagle flight on the right and silver on the left .

Heraldic legends

The progenitor of the Kalckreuths is said to have come under suspicion from his king of being too familiar with the queen. So the king gave the order in a lime hut that the first one of the queen's servants should be thrown into the lime kiln. The suspect was sent there, but he spent a long time praying in a church. Meanwhile, his slanderer also went there to see his enemy lying in the lime kiln. But since he was the first messenger, he was thrown into the fire after the command and the innocent got away unharmed. In memory of the wonderful salvation he received two rods in his coat of arms and a crowned bust on the helmet.

In another version, the story is said to have happened with a court officer of King Dionysius of Portugal and his wife Elisabeth . The descendants are said to have come from Portugal to Germany and there adopted the name Kalckreuth.

According to another tradition, the coat of arms does not show calcareous or lime kiln forks, but plowed. The lords of Kalckreuth come from the tribe of Primislaw the ploughman and therefore, like the lords of Pflugk , led the reverse ploughshare to commemorate their origin .

Known family members

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Original in the Main State Archives Dresden , No. 1086
  2. ↑ Silesian Provincial Archive. Sagan Abbey, No. 20.
  3. ↑ a b c Otto Hupp : Munich Calendar 1926. P. 29.
  4. ↑ a b c d e New general German nobility lexicon. Volume 5, pp. 2-4.
  5. ↑ a b c d e f Genealogical manual of the nobility . Nobility Lexicon. Volume VI, Volume 91 of the complete series, pp. 98-100.
  6. ^ A b Johann Georg Theodor Grasse : Legends of gender, name and coat of arms of the nobility of the German nation. Reprint-Verlag, Leipzig 1999, ISBN 3-8262-0704-1 , pp. 74-75.
  7. ↑ Pauline Gräfin von Kalckreuth , at Forschungsstelle Kulturimpuls, accessed on March 2, 2019