Kollerschlag

market community Kollerschlag
coat of arms	Austria map
Basic data
Country:	Austria
State :	Upper Austria
Political District :	Rohrbach
License plate :	RO
Surface:	17.47 km²
Coordinates :	48 ° 36 '  N , 13 ° 51'  E Coordinates: 48 ° 36 '21 "  N , 13 ° 50' 34"  E
Height :	726  m above sea level A.
Residents :	1,516 (January 1, 2020)
Population density :	87 inhabitants per km²
Postal code :	4154
Area code :	07287
Community code :	4 13 17
Address of the municipal administration:	Market 14 4154 Kollerschlag
Website:	www.kollerschlag.at
politics
Mayor :	Franz Saxinger ( ÖVP )
Municipal Council : (2015) (19 members)	11 5 3 11 5 3  A total of 19 seats ÖVP : 11 FPÖ : 5 SPÖ : 3
Location of Kollerschlag in the Rohrbach district
Source: Municipal data from Statistics Austria

Kollerschlag is a market town in Upper Austria in the Rohrbach district in the upper Mühlviertel with 1516 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2020). The responsible judicial district is Rohrbach in Upper Austria .

geography

Kollerschlag lies at an altitude of 726  m above sea level. A. in the upper Mühlviertel. The extension is 6.2 km from north to south and 5.2 km from west to east. The total area is 17.3 km². 31.8% of the area is forested, 64.7% of the area is used for agriculture.

The municipality includes the following localities (population in brackets as of January 1, 2020):

• Albenödt (12)
• Fuchsödt (52)
• Hanging (61)
• Haselbach (42)
• Innerödt (4)
• Kollerschlag (864)
• Lengau (66)
• Mistlberg (200)
• Raschau (28)
• Sauedt (56)
• Schröck (25)
• Stratberg (106)

climate

Monthly average temperatures and precipitation for Kollerschlag Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Max. Temperature ( ° C ) 0.2 1.8 6.3 12.3 17.6 19.9 22.3 21.9 17.2 12.1 5.0 1.0 O 11.5 Min. Temperature (° C) -5.2 -4.3 -0.9 3.0 7.9 10.5 12.6 12.4 8.8 4.6 -0.5 -4.0 O 3.8 Temperature (° C) -2.8 -1.7 2.1 7.1 12.3 14.9 17.1 16.6 12.3 7.6 1.8 -1.7 O 7.2 Precipitation ( mm ) 89 74 88 59 89 94 120 101 87 68 80 90 Σ 1,039 Humidity ( % ) 80.3 73.6 68.9 58.8 56.6 59.6 59.8 59.3 65.5 68.6 80.3 83.2 O 67.9 T e m p e r a t u r 0.2 -5.2 1.8 -4.3 6.3 -0.9 12.3 3.0 17.6 7.9 19.9 10.5 22.3 12.6 21.9 12.4 17.2 8.8 12.1 4.6 5.0 -0.5 1.0 -4.0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Source: ZAMG average climate values ​​1981 - 2010

history

Even before the settlement, a mule track led from the Danube through the municipality to Bohemia , on which mainly salt was transported.

middle Ages

Originally located in the eastern part of the Duchy of Bavaria, the area between Ilz and Großer Mühl (land of the abbey) came to the Passau monastery in 1217 by means of enfeoffment by Emperor Friedrich II . The Bavarian duke continued to administer the area as a church loan for three years until it passed into the direct administration of the Passau bishop in 1220. The area around Kollerschlag belonged to the Falkenstein rule, whose exponent Kalhoch II appeared as the founder of Schlägl in 1218 and from whom the name Kollerschlag, which first entered history in the 13th century as "Chalhochslage", is derived. In the 13th century, the Falkenstein rule came into the possession of the Witigonen . In connection with the deposition of Zawisch von Falkenstein by his stepson King Wenzel II of Bohemia, King Albrecht I besieged Falkenstein Castle in 1289 and brought it into Austrian possession through starvation. The Habsburgs had the rule administered by carers or pledged it, for example between 1331 and 1435 to the Wallseer. In the course of the 14th and 15th centuries, Austrian sovereignty prevailed in the upper Mühlviertel without any particular resistance from the Passau bishop. In 1506 Maximilian I bought the rule of Rannariedl , which had also had subjects in Kollerschlag since the 13th century.

Power relations

In 1540 Falkenstein was pledged to Bartholomäus von Salburg, Heinrich von Salburg bought the rule in 1605. The rule remained in the hands of the Salburgers, from whose coat of arms the community coat of arms of Kollerschlag is derived, until the abolition of the manorial rule in 1848. In 1620 Rannariedel also came by purchase in the possession of the Salburger. Around 1570 there were 24 subjects (houses) in Kollerschlag, 14 in Mistlberg, in both places half belonged to the Falkenstein and Rannariedl lords. Most of the subjects in the villages that belong to Kollerschlag today also belonged to these two rulers; individual landholders were subject to the rulership of Götzendorf (Lengau), the rulership of Marsbach (Albenödt), the village of Stratberg belonged entirely to the rule of Pürnstein .

Peasant riots and Counter Reformation

Both the increase in taxes by the landlords and the outrage of the peasants who had meanwhile converted to the Lutheran religion over the appointment of Catholic priests led to constant riot movements among the subjects, which culminated in the so-called Second Upper Austrian Peasants' War from 1595 to 1597 . Heinrich Salburger appeared to his subjects with an extremely tough gait, which is proven by a number of complaints from both the subjects of the Falkenstein rule and those of Rannariedl.

In 1610, Kollerschlag appeared in a larger context in history: In the course of the "Habsburg brotherly dispute" between Archduke Mathias I as Upper Austrian sovereign and Emperor Rudolf II , the latter campaigned in the Duchy of Passau , headed by his cousin Archduke Leopold as bishop, a larger army of mercenaries. Redoubts were thrown up at the border at Hanging and were occupied by farmers and a few regular mercenaries from the estates. However, these were unable to counter the frequent attacks by the “Passau war people” on Austrian territory, from which the population suffered particularly and which also led to several deaths. Since the high estates area was no longer able to feed the approximately 12,600-strong mercenary army , and the emperor could neither reward nor dismiss the troops due to lack of money, they invaded the land above the Enns under the leadership of Colonel Lorenz von Ramée (not over Kollerschlag) and devastated large stretches of land.

The bloodiest conflict of this time was the Upper Austrian Peasants' War of 1626, which began in Lembach , which belonged to the same rule as Kollerschlag, and the causes of which are to be found in the economic burden and in the counter-reformation efforts of the Bavarian occupying power. Similar to the uprising from 1595 to 1597, severe punitive measures were taken after the defeat of the rebels.

Encouraged by the military successes of the Swedish King Gustav Adolf in Bavaria , there were uprising movements in 1632 among the peasants who were still secretly Protestant, which began under the leadership of Jakob Greimbl in the Hausruckviertel. In autumn 1632 the uprising also spread to the Mühlviertel, around 700 farmers occupied the vicarage of Niederwaldkirchen. The Obderennsischen governor Ludwig Freiherr von Kuefstein turned to Wallenstein , who thereupon ordered two regiments to the Mühlviertel. Under the leadership of Count Ernst von Montecuccoli and Colonel Hanns Zyriak von Traun, who was in command, the mercenary army marched from Passau to Haslach an der Mühl . Within a few days, thousands of soldiers passed Kollerschlag. The population was robbed and mistreated by the undisciplined army moving through.

In the course of the Counter-Reformation in the 17th century, the peasant population had to return to the Catholic religion or seek their fortune in exile, which many people from the Mühlviertel made use of.

Wars of Succession

Even in the 18th century, Kollerschlag was threatened by war threats, mostly in a continental context ( cabinet wars): In the course of the War of the Spanish Succession 1701–1714, the border was threatened by an invasion of Bavaria, allied with the French, in 1704. Abbot Siard Worath von Schlägl and Anton Erasmus von Ödt zu Götzendorf organized the establishment of a land regiment to defend the border, which again took place in the vicinity of hanging entrenchments. Only the victory of Prince Eugen in the Battle of Höchstädt could avert the danger. In the course of the War of the Austrian Succession (1740–1748), Bavaria and the French entered Austria without a fight, including via Kollerschlag, but were repulsed in early 1742.

In 1765, a treaty between Austria and the Passau bishopric fixed today's border: The Jandelsbrunn office belonging to Rannariedl and the Wildenranna office belonging to Falkenstein went to Passau, Austria received scattered subjects.

The parish church of St. Joseph

Parish establishment

With the church reform of Emperor Joseph II , which was accompanied by a series of parishes, a parish was also founded in Kollerschlag in 1784. Up to this point in time the place Kollerschlag belonged to the parish Wegscheid , the area of ​​today's Upper Austria to the diocese of Passau. With the establishment of a new parish and the establishment of the Diocese of Linz in 1785, the ecclesiastical boundaries were adapted to those of the state boundaries. In addition to the new parish, there were also localities of the parish Sarleinsbach (Raschau, Albenödt, Schröck and Stratberg) and Peilstein ( Hinternebelberg , Stift, Sauödt and Lengau), with which in 1788 the parish already took on its present form. The parish church was built between 1787 and 1800.

19th century

The exposed geographical location on the Bavarian border led, as in previous centuries, to a number of troop marches in the 19th century. In the coalition wars (1800, 1805, 1809) against revolutionary France, Upper Austria was repeatedly a theater of war and the country was occupied several times. Especially due to the occupation after the Third Coalition War in 1805, which lasted until March 1806, the population in the Mühlviertel was exposed to the toughest stresses, as it was constant from January 1806 due to the withdrawal of the French from Lower Austria to Bavaria through the Mühlviertel , including Kollerschlag Billing and marching through of troops came. In addition to the riots that always accompanied the passage of troops, it was especially the deliveries in the form of food, fodder and horses that made the population particularly difficult. With the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss 1803, with which the clerical principalities were abolished, the situation on the other side of the border changed. First, the area between Ilz and Ranna briefly came to the secularized Electorate of Salzburg, until it had to be ceded to Bavaria in the Peace of Pressburg in 1805 . The legal quality of the border also changed in these years. With the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806 by Emperor Franz II , who also ruled as Emperor Franz I of Austria from 1804 , the border at Kollerschlag became an external border, until then it was an "internal border" in the state association of the Holy Roman Empire for centuries . With the abolition of the manors in the revolutionary year of 1848 , the often not smooth subject relationship between the peasants and their respective authorities in Kollerschlag ended.

20th century

As in other places, the mood when the First World War broke out was euphoric. The expected short course of the war was a fallacy: 93 soldiers from the parish Kollerschlag paid for the war with their lives. The emergency after the First World War and the lack of prospects encouraged many people to emigrate after the First World War, so 22 Kollerschläger tried their luck on the other side of the Atlantic.

In July 1934, Kollerschlag was a sideline to the failed Nazi putsch ( July Putsch ), in which the Austrian Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss was murdered. Between July 25 and 27 there were armed attacks by the National Socialists on the border crossings Haselbach, Hanging, Kriegwald and on the Kollerschlag gendarmerie post, in which the gendarmerie inspector Richard Hölzel and three members of the Austrian Legion were killed.

In addition, in the early morning hours of July 26th at the Hanging border crossing, a German courier with a forged passport was caught illegally crossing the border, who had the encrypted insurrection plan for the Austrian federal states ( Kollerschlager document ) sewn into his tie. After Austria was " annexed " to the German Reich on March 13, 1938, the place belonged to the Gau Oberdonau . At the end of April 1945, Kollerschlag was shelled by the advancing units of the US Army, with three houses falling victim to the flames. On the evening of April 30, 1945, US soldiers set foot on Upper Austrian soil for the first time at the Hanging border crossing, and four people lost their lives during the invasion.

After 1945 the restoration of Upper Austria took place. Until 1955, Kollerschlag was in the Soviet occupation zone, directly adjacent to the American zone in Bavaria. With Austria joining the EU on January 1, 1995 and the abolition of border controls due to Austria joining the Schengen area on December 1, 1997, the western border of Kollerschlag opened, which has shaped the history of the place for centuries.

politics

The mayor is Franz Saxinger from the ÖVP, the deputy mayor is Georg Ecker , also ÖVP.

Election results in detail:

coat of arms

	Blazon : "Split of gold and blue with a heraldic lily in confused colors."
	Justification of the coat of arms: The lily is reminiscent of the coat of arms of Count Salburg von Altenhof , who formerly ruled Kollerschlag. Heinrich Baumüller designed the coat of arms in 1970. The municipality colors are yellow-blue

Population development

The population of the villages of Lengau, Sauedt (formerly the municipality of Peilstein), Albenödt, Raschau, Schröck and Stratberg (formerly the municipality of Sarleinsbach), which were incorporated on January 1, 1950, is not included in the 1939 figure. The previous figures refer to the current municipality area.

Economy and Infrastructure

Public facilities

The building yard, the fire station of the volunteer fire brigade and the community's music home were built in 1996 in a shared building at the southern entrance to the town. Next to the building is the Kollerschlag weather station , which is operated by ZAMG . Another fire brigade in the community is in Mistlberg.

The municipal office is located in the center of the village, it was rebuilt there and opened in 2009.

The elementary school and kindergarten, including the library and sports hall, are in the immediate vicinity of the outdoor pool.

A new biomass cogeneration plant was built and put into operation by the Biowärme Kollerschlag association in 2014.

Companies

Around 48 companies are based in Kollerschlag.

The largest employer in Kollerschlag with around 85 employees is the electronics company Loxone , which built a new company building here in 2013 at the southern entrance to the town. Loxone develops, produces and sells components and software for use in smart homes .

traffic

The Böhmerwaldstrasse leads from the district capital Rohrbach coming through the center, then it passes to the nearby border where then following the German B 388 after Passau leads. In addition, the state roads L1530 to Sarleinsbach , L1543 to Oberkappel and L1553 to Julbach lead from Kollerschlag .

Culture and sights

See also:  List of listed objects in Kollerschlag

• Parish church Kollerschlag : The parish church Kollerschlag ( patronage to St. Joseph ) was built from 1787 to 1790 in the Josephine style . In 1875 the 42 meter high main tower with onion helmet was built in its present form. The high altar from the 18th century with a painting ("Death of St. Joseph") by Bartholomeo Altomonte is particularly valuable . The altar was originally a side altar in Schlägl Abbey . The organ from Orgelbau Kögler was installed in 1985. In 2010, five new bells were purchased for the parish church from the Perner bell foundry , which were designed by local artists. From 2013 to 2014 the parish church was extensively renovated. Among other things, the church was re-covered, a sacristy and the west portal were rebuilt and the facade was renovated. On May 18, 2014, the new tower cross was finally put in place.

• Kollerschlag workshop : In the Kollerschlag workshop founded in 1985 by the brothers Heinz , Werner and Wolfgang Baumüller , sculptures by internationally renowned artists are made with the help of local craftsmen. The Kollerschlag workshop sees itself as an interface between artists , craftsmen and architects . The aim is to establish art in public spaces .

Works were created in collaboration with Joseph Beuys , Tony Cragg , Jonathan Borofsky , Herbert Brandl , Jeff Koons , Walter Pichler , Anselm Glück and Klaus Rinke , among others .

Natural monuments:

• Printer Franzl Stein : in the village of Stratberg. Rumor has it that the predator, feared many years ago, lived here
• Hochstein : in the local community Stratberg. The high vantage point is a popular meeting place for young people and nature lovers
• Olymp : Elevation in the south of Kollerschlag with a beautiful view to the west (Bavaria) and north ( Bohemian Forest ). In summer a popular meeting place for the cultural activities of the youth

Personalities

Honorary citizen:

• 2018: Josef Leitner (* 1953), doctor in Kollerschlag since 1983
• 2018: Laurenz Neumüller (* 1948), pastor of Kollerschlag since 2000

Sons and daughters:

• Norbert Hanrieder (1842–1913), Upper Austrian dialect poet, born in Kollerschlag
• Hermann Derschmidt (1904–1997), teacher and folk music researcher
• Michaela Falkner (* 1970), writer and performance artist

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Statistics Austria: Population on January 1st, 2020 by locality (area status on January 1st, 2020) , ( CSV )
2. ↑ Fritz Winkler: Home on the border - a journey through time from settlement to mechanization. Heimatverein des Rohrbach District, 2007, pp. 10–11.
3. ^ Municipal coat of arms . Website of the municipality of Kollerschlag, accessed on August 11, 2014 . 
4. ↑ Timeline. Website of the municipality of Kollerschlag, accessed on August 10, 2014 . 
5. ↑ Kollerschlag current no. 166 page 15. ÖVP Kollerschlag, December 2014, accessed on December 25, 2014 . 
6. ↑ Economy. Website of the municipality of Kollerschlag, accessed on December 25, 2014 . 
7. ↑ Mühlviertler want to stand up to Google and Apple. Oberösterreichische Nachrichten, July 10, 2014, accessed December 25, 2014 . 
8. ↑ pastor KSR. Karl Wohlschlager: Church leader. (PDF) (No longer available online.) Parish Kollerschlag, 2008, archived from the original on August 12, 2014 ; accessed on August 10, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
9. ↑ Finally ringing bells for Kollerschlag. Oberösterreichische Nachrichten, May 14, 2010, accessed on August 10, 2014 . 
10. ↑ Church renovation. Website of the parish Kollerschlag, accessed on August 10, 2014 . 
11. ↑ Kollerschlag has a new tower cross. District Rundschau, May 20, 2014, accessed on August 10, 2014 . 
12. ↑ The Kollerschlag workshop presented. Retrieved June 22, 2009 . 
13. ^ Base Vienna. Retrieved June 22, 2009 . 
14. ^ Website of the Kollerschlag workshop. Retrieved June 22, 2009 . 
15. ↑ https://www.mein Bezirk.at/rohrbach/c-eople/pfarrer-laurenz-und-josef-leitner-als-neue-ehrenbuerger-geehre_a3247560 , accessed on April 13, 2019
16. ↑ https://www.mein Bezirk.at/rohrbach/c-eople/pfarrer-laurenz-und-josef-leitner-als-neue-ehrenbuerger-geehre_a3247560 , accessed on April 13, 2019

Web links

Commons : Kollerschlag  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• 41317 - Kollerschlag. Community data, Statistics Austria .
• More information about the municipality of Kollerschlag on the geographic information system of the federal state of Upper Austria .
• Topothek Kollerschlag historical images, located, indexed and dated