Cluj County

Location of the Cluj County in Romania

Map of the Cluj district

Coat of arms of the Cluj region

Coat of arms of the Cluj district, at the time of Real Socialism

Coat of arms of the Cluj County, in the interwar period

Cluj ( pronunciation ^?^/^I ) is a Romanian district (Județ) in the Transylvania region with the district capital Cluj-Napoca ( German Klausenburg ). Its common abbreviation and license plate number is CJ.

The Cluj county borders in the north to the Maramureş County , in the east to the districts Bistrita-Nasaud and Mures , in the south to the Alba County , in the west of the Bihor county and in the Northwest to the Sălaj County .

history

In the course of the cession of Hungary in the Treaty of Trianon after the First World War, Cluj County also fell to Romania. It was integrated into the system of Romanian județe as Județul Cojacna and renamed Județul Cluj in 1925 . The then district was smaller than today with an area of 4,813 km² and had 333,545 inhabitants. Its only cities were Cluj (Klausenburg) and Huedin .

Under King Charles II , the Cluj district was merged with six other districts as Ținutul Crișuri (German about Kreisch -Gau ) in 1938 . The city of Cluj became the administrative center of the entire north-west of Romania, although the country was only divided into Gaue for about two years. As a result of the Second Vienna Arbitration , with which northern Transylvania was again awarded to Hungary from 1940, Romania lost almost the entire area of the former Cluj district. The remainder of the Romanian territory was attached to the now restored Județul Turda .

After the end of the Second World War, Northern Transylvania was again part of Romania. When the People's Republic was divided into 28 regions (regiuni) by a further, far-reaching regional reform in 1950 , the Cluj region emerged , which in turn was divided into eight rajons (raioane) . The administrative unit roughly comprised the areas of today's Cluj and Sălaj counties , was later enlarged and the number of its Rajons changed several times.

Since 1968 - with the reintroduction of the județ system - the Cluj district has existed in its current size. With a few exceptions, it covers the entire area of the historical district from the interwar period and has also been expanded to the north and south.

Demographics

According to the 2002 census, of 702,755 inhabitants, 79.4% were Romanians , 17.4% Hungarians , 2.8% Gypsies (mainly Roma ) and 0.1% Germans ( Transylvanian Saxons ). On October 20, 2011, the Cluj district had 691,106 inhabitants, a population density of around 104 inhabitants per km². The Armenians in Gherla were of historical importance, who represented the largest population group there until the 19th century, which is why the city is called Armenian City in German . Before the Holocaust , over 20,000 Jews lived in what is now the Cluj district. Their share of the population was particularly high in the cities of Dej (17.5%), Huedin (15.9%), Cluj (14.6%) and Gherla (11.3%).

geography

The district has a total area of 6674 km², which corresponds to 2.79% of the area of Romania. Located on the north-western edge of the Transylvanian Basin , it extends in parts of the Apuseni Mountains (Munții Apuseni) , the Somesch Highlands (Podișul Someșelor) and partly in the Transylvanian Heath (Câmpia Transilvaniei) .

The Cheile Turzii reserve is located on the territory of the Cluj County, through which the Hăşdate brook flows . The largest rivers in the area of the district are the Arieș , the Someșul Mic (Little Somesch) - a source river of the Someș - with its two source rivers Someșul Cald (Warm Somesch) and Someșul Rece (Cold Somesch) and the Fizeș , a right tributary of the Little Somesch. The largest lakes are the reservoirs Beliș-Fântânele (4.6 km²) and Tarnița (approx. 2.5 km²), both on the warm Somesch . The highest peaks in Cluj County are the Vlădeasa massif ( 1836 m ) and Muntele Mare ( 1826 m ).

cities and communes

The Cluj County officially consists of 435 localities. Six of them have the status of a city, 75 that of a municipality and the rest are administratively assigned to cities and municipalities.

Biggest places

City / municipality	Residents
Cluj-Napoca ( German Klausenburg , Hungarian Kolozsvár )	324,576
Turda (German Thorenburg , Hungarian Torda )	047,744
Dej (Eng. Burglos , Hungarian Dés )	033,497
Florești (German: Saxon Fenesch , Hungarian Szászfenes )	022,813
Câmpia Turzii (German Jerischmarkt , Hungarian Aranyosgyéres )	022,223
Gherla (dt. Armenian city or Neuschloß , ung. Szamosújvár , poor. Հայաքաղաք - Hayakaghak )	020,982
Apahida (Hungarian Apahida )	010,685
Baciu (Hungarian Kisbács )	010,317
Huedin (German Heynod , Hungarian Bánffyhunyad )	009,346
Gilău (German Gela , Hungarian Gyalu )	008,300
Aghireșu (German Erldorf , Hungarian Egeres )	007.116
Viișoara (German Alder Market , Hungarian Aranyosegerbegy )	005,493
Mihai Viteazu	005,423
(As of October 20, 2011)

Individual evidence

^ Județul Cluj . History portal memoria.ro. Retrieved October 18, 2010.
↑ ^a ^b 2011 census in Romania at citypopulation.de

Web links

Commons : Cluj County - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Cluj County Council website
Maps of the Cluj County: [1] ; [2]

[1] Județul Cluj . History portal memoria.ro. Retrieved October 18, 2010.

[vz2011-2] 2011 census in Romania at citypopulation.de