List of the Righteous Among the Nations from Austria

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The Garden of the Righteous Among the Nations

The list of the Righteous Among the Nations from Austria contains Austrians who were honored as Righteous Among the Nations by the Israeli memorial Yad Vashem for saving Jews during the Nazi era .

Since 1953, the State of Israel has honored people as Righteous Among the Nations who took great personal risks between 1933 and 1945 and put their lives in danger in order to protect Jews threatened with deportation to labor or extermination camps . In Yad Vashem, a plaque is placed for each person in the Garden of the Righteous Among the Nations , and a tree was planted for each of the early honored people in the Alley of the Righteous Among the Nations , but this has become rare due to lack of space. As of January 1, 2019, the number of righteous people totaled 27,362, including 110 Austrians.

Due to the large number of people, the list is divided according to nationalities. For other nations, see List of the Righteous Among the Nations .

In addition to the name and dates of birth and death of the respective person, the list contains columns on the location in which the rescue operations primarily took place, a brief description of the deeds for which the person was honored and the year of the award.

list

Surname Born Died place Reason for the honor year
Otto Beneschek ? Białystok As a member of a resistance group and head of a textile factory, Beneschek provided his Jewish workers with large quantities of food and firewood, which they could take with them to the Białystok ghetto and distribute to those in need there. From February 1943 he repeatedly hid Jews from the threatened deportation in his apartment on the factory premises and then brought them to Artur Schade's apartment or to the Jewish underground movement. 1996
Christa Beran ? Vienna She gave some of her papers to a Jewish woman who had fled a labor camp and who survived the Nazi era under Beran's identity. Beran herself reported her papers to the police as lost. 1985
Therese Beran 2015
Maria Boehm ? Vienna From May 1942 until the end of the war, Maria Böhm, together with Franziska Cechal and Anna Kucher, hid Rosalia Wasserstein, who had fled from the imminent deportation. 1984
Marie Boehm ? Paris Marie Boehm saved Jews from persecution together with her son Adolf. 1994
Oswald Bosko ? Sep 18 1944 Krakow ghetto As a policeman in the Kraków ghetto , Bosko tolerated the escape of ghetto residents threatened with deportation. At the end of 1942 he smuggled children and women out of the ghetto and brought them to a factory owned by Julius Madritsch . Even after the ghetto was dissolved in March 1943, he transferred remaining ghetto residents who had been hiding in cellars to Madritsch's factory. From there, most of the rescued could get out of the country to safety. Bosko was executed for his rescue operations. 1964
Wanda Bottesi 26 Sep 1923 Nov 2, 2008 innsbruck In the summer of 1944, Wanda Bottesi hid the two Jews Lorraine Justman-Visnicki and Mirjam Fuchs, who were threatened with deportation to a concentration camp, in their apartment, while her friend Anton Dietz obtained forged papers. 1980
Friederike Buchegger ? Vienna Together with Edeltrud Posiles , Alois and Josephine Kreiner and her sister Charlotte Fritz , Friederike Buchegger hid three men, including Posiles' fiancé, in her and other apartments for several years and provided them with food. In addition, she achieved that the files of an investigation into " racial disgrace " against Edeltrud Posiles were destroyed. 1978
Franziska Cechal ? Vienna From May 1942 until the end of the war, Franziska Cechal, together with Anna Kucher and Maria Böhm, hid Rosalia Wasserstein, who had fled from the imminent deportation. 1984
Moritz Daublebsky-Sterneck Feb. 29, 1912 Jan. 10, 1986 Borčice ( Slovakia ) As a soldier, Daublebsky-Sterneck helped Jews - mainly forced laborers - to flee several times; From mid-1944 he hid two Jewish women in his house. After the villagers got wind of it, he personally accompanied the two women over a guarded bridge in the direction of their hometown, in order to prevent the German occupiers from checking the papers of the two women through his presence as a soldier. The two women were later deported to a concentration camp, only one of them survived. 1977
Karl Dickbauer Oct. 26, 1891 Dec 16, 1976 innsbruck Dickbauer was responsible for arranging transports to the east in the Innsbruck police prison. When five women employed by Wolfgang Neuschmidt in the prison kitchen were to be deported to concentration camps, Dickbauer was initially able to prevent the removal of the women after Neuschmidt and Erwin Lutz intervened . Dickbauer later took part in organizing the escape of women from prison. 1980
Anton Dietz Dec 28, 1888 Jan. 1, 1960 innsbruck Together with Karl Dickbauer, Dietz planned the escape of four Polish Jewish women from the Innsbruck prison before they could be deported to Bergen-Belsen and got them papers that identified them as Polish foreign workers . 1980
Reinhold Duschka Jan. 19, 1900 Vienna Duschka hid Regine Kraus and her daughter Lucia (later Heilman) during the entire Second World War ; until the beginning of 1944 in his workshop, after it was destroyed by air raids, in his summer house. 1990
Fritz (Friedrich) Edelmann ,
Brigitte Edelmann ,
Brigitta Edelmann 		Jan. 10, 1900
1903

 Aug 10, 1977
1924

 Thondorf (Styria) For two months (from the beginning of 1945 until the end of the war), father Fritz Edelmann, together with his wife Brigitte and daughter Brigitta, hid eight prisoners who had fled a death march in a barn and provided them with food. 1993
Anna Ehn 1931 Vienna Anna Ehn provided the Jewish girl Ilona Friedman in Vienna with food for a long time and fetched her older sister, who was wounded after an air raid, from an SS hospital, nursed her to health and saved her from being transported to an extermination camp. 1978
Gottfried von One Jan. 24, 1918 July 12, 1996 Gottfried von Eine hired the Jewish Berlin musician Konrad Latte, who had gone into hiding, as a répétiteur at rehearsals for a ballet, and provided him with food cards and an ID from the Reich Chamber of Music . 2002
Fritz Fasching ,
Mitzi Fasching 		? Lahnsattel (Lower Austria) Together with his mother Maria Fasching, the siblings saved several Red Army spies from arrest and murder by the National Socialists in 1945 , including Maria Sabeschinsky, a Jew from Russia. 1991
Maria Fasching ? Lahnsattel (Lower Austria) In 1945 Maria Fasching, together with her children Mitzi and Fritz, hid several Red Army scouts in her attic and thus saved them from arrest and murder by the National Socialists. Maria Sabeschinsky, a Jew from Russia, was among those in hiding. 1991
Maria Fasching 1897 1945 Baden (Lower Austria) From June 1942, Maria Fasching hid Hans Posiles at home. Posiles and Fasching died shortly before the end of the war in an air raid. 1978
Anna Friessnegg ,
Ludwig Friessnegg 		1899
1897 		1965
1966 		Vienna Anna and Ludwig Friessnegg were the parents of the helpers Anna Manzer and Edi Stecher . They provided the Jewish woman Melvine Deutsch, who had been hiding from them, with food and temporarily hid her in her apartment. 1984
Charlotte Fritz Vienna Charlotte Fritz denied to the Gestapo that her Jewish brother-in-law was staying with her, had the files that identified her brother-in-law as Jews destroyed with the help of a Viennese police officer and organized accommodation for his three brothers in Vienna. 1978
Marianne Goltz-Goldlust Jan. 30, 1895 Oct 8, 1943 Prague Goltz-Goldlust belonged to a resistance group that helped Jews to flee Prague by obtaining forged IDs and travel documents, and brought the cash of fugitives outside the country. 1988
Maria Grausenburger Apr 20, 1901 Dec 22, 1973 Grafenwörth Maria Grausenburger hid the same Jewish refugee family on two occasions on her farm, which she inhabited alone, and provided her with papers under false information that identified her as fled Hungarian fascists. 1978
Karl B. Gröger 1918 July 1, 1943 Amsterdam Together with Coos Hartogh , Leendert Barentsen , Cornelius Roos u. a. Karl Gröger published a magazine in the Netherlands that propagated armed resistance against the occupation. Together with a resistance group led by Gerrit van der Veen , he carried out an attack on the residents' registration office in Amsterdam on March 27, 1943, in which papers were destroyed that were necessary for the organization of the deportations of the Jewish population. Gröger was executed for this three months later. 1986
Lambert Grutsch April 16, 1914 Apr 16, 1995 Jerzens The unfit for military service crane operator Lambert Grutsch met the Polish Jew Helena Horowitz in a canteen in Krakow. She managed to escape from the Krakow ghetto and worked under a false name as a canteen worker for STUAG Bau-AG. She asked Lambert Grutsch to take her to his home village in Tyrol, as she was afraid of being discovered by the Nazis. Grutsch took them to Jerzens and hid them on the local farm. After the war, Helene Horowitz emigrated to the USA. 2002
Anna-Maria Haas March 9, 1909 1996 Vienna In 1938/39 Anna-Maria Haas hid a family in her apartment for several months; From 1939 until the end of the war she provided two friends living underground with food and also provided their child born in hiding with milk. 1982
Irene Harand Sep 7 1900 Feb. 2, 1975 Vienna and USA Irene Harand was a co-founder of the "World Movement Against Racial Hatred and Human Need", known as the "Harand Movement". After their escape to the USA, she helped Austrian Jews obtain visas for the USA, which enabled more than 100 people to flee from Nazi persecution. 1967
Edith Hauer 1913 2004 Vienna Edith Hauer saved her friend Monika Taylor, daughter of a Jewish father and a non-Jewish mother, from arrest by the Gestapo in 1942 by first hiding her in various places in Vienna and later taking her to safety outside the city. Hauer was active in the resistance movement, got Jews forged documents and helped them flee abroad. 1998
Olga Holstein 1886 Vienna Holstein lived with her twin sister Lydia Matouschek in an apartment that they made available to Jews as a hiding place several times. When Edeltrud Becher's fiancé Walter Posiles was hiding in Vienna, the twin sisters helped him. a. Holstein got a doctor who treated Posiles in hiding. 1978
Johann and Franziska Horrak In 1942, the Viennese couple Johann and Franziska Horrak took Gertrude Wolf, who was threatened by deportation, into their small apartment. She was passed off to neighbors as a sickly cousin from the provinces, so Gertrude Wolf was able to survive in Vienna until the end of the war. 2013
Danuta Kleisinger May 29, 1924 27 Aug 2017 Warsaw Danuta Kleisinger smuggled food and money into the Warsaw ghetto . When three Jews were able to flee there in 1943, Kleisinger and her husband Ewald hid them in their apartment for three weeks and obtained forged documents that enabled them to flee to Vienna. Ewald Kleisinger's parents supported the refugees there until the end of the war. 1966
Ewald Kleisinger June 11, 1912 March 25, 2000 Warsaw Together with his future wife Danuta , Ewald Kleisinger hid three Jews who had fled the Warsaw ghetto in his apartment in 1943 . After Danuta had obtained forged documents for the refugees, Ewald Kleisinger issued them travel documents that identified them as farm workers willing to work. They were able to flee to Vienna, where Kleisinger's parents supported them until the end of the war. 1966
Ludwig Knapp ? Weitra ( Lower Austria ) As the manager of a sawmill, Ludwig Knapp was assigned 24 Hungarian Jews for forced labor, eleven of which were too old or too sick to work. Knapp provided all of them with food beyond what was planned, provided heated accommodation, medical care and tolerable working conditions. Knapp's role model function also led to more humane treatment among other local forced laborers. When Knapp received the order to deliver the Jews entrusted to him for deportation to Theresienstadt , he supplied them with provisions and urged them to flee into the surrounding forests. He then reported the refugees and sent the search parties sent in the wrong direction. He continued to hide some of the people unable to escape in his home. All forced laborers survived, and Knapp supported them financially even after the end of the war. 1968
Maria Knapp ? Weitra ( Lower Austria ) As the wife of Ludwig Knapp , the manager of a sawmill, Maria Knapp was involved in the rescue of 24 Hungarian forced laborers assigned to the company. a. supplied with food and clothing. 1968
Alois Kreiner ,
Josephine Kreiner 		The married couple Alois and Josephine Kreiner took the Czech Jew Ludwig Posiles in for several years in the attic of their apartment. They owned a wine wholesale business and kept him busy in their business by day. To their customers they passed Posiles off as " Aryan " relatives. The Kreiner couple shared what they had with Ludwig, paid him for his work and kept sending groceries to Posiles' brothers Walter and Hans, who were hidden in other apartments. 1978
Anna Kuchar ? Vienna From May 1942 until the end of the war, Anna Kuchar, together with Franziska Cechal and Maria Böhm, hid Rosalia Wasserstein, who had fled from the imminent deportation. 1984
Otto Kuttelwascher , Mina Kuttelwascher Vienna The married couple Mina and Otto Kuttelwascher took in the daughter of their former Jewish neighbor who survived the Nazi regime. 1980
Arthur Lanc ,
Maria Lanc 		1906
1911 		May 20, 1995
Nov. 15, 1995 		Gmuend The Lanc couple collected clothes, groceries, medicines and linen for babies and children for 1,700 Hungarian Jews who were locked in a granary. Artur Lanc, together with the veterinarian Krisch, also diverted medicines for the Jews that were allocated to them and helped three Jews to escape from a camp in Gmünd (Lower Austria) . The Lancs hid the three in the attic of the Weißensteiner white tannery in Hoheneich . 1986
Hermann Langbein May 18, 1912 Oct. 24, 1995 Auschwitz concentration camp Langbein was u. a. interned in Auschwitz, where he was a member of the international resistance movement in the camp from late 1942. As the private secretary of the camp's chief physician, Eduard Wirths , he repeatedly influenced him to persuade him to behave in a more humane manner. a. The hygiene conditions in the camp were subsequently improved, and Jewish prisoners were also given work in the prisoner's hospital. In January 1944, Langbein prevented the planned murder of 1,800 Jewish men by influencing Wirths. After the war, Langbein co-founded the International Auschwitz Committee and was largely responsible for bringing about the Auschwitz trials. 1967
Erwin leather 1914 1997 Slutsk As the responsible doctor in a prison camp, Erwin Leder significantly improved the living conditions of the camp inmates, improved hygiene, the medical situation and the supply of food and thus reduced the number of deaths by over 90%. Jews and communists threatened with murder were hidden under his responsibility in the camp hospital. Leder handed them the papers of those who had died of illnesses in order to protect them from being transferred to concentration camps. With the help of two Jewish women, Leder smuggled relief supplies into the city's ghetto, and he also warned the Jews living there of imminent arrests. 1999
Gisela Legath ,
Frieda Legath ,
Martin Legath 		Eberau Frieda, Gisela and Martin Legath hid two Hungarian Jews who had fled a death march and who had turned to them for help for two months in a grain silo and provided them with essentials. When the two hidden men were discovered by a Wehrmacht soldier , Gisela Legath managed to have them not arrested, but instead used as workers on her property. 1994
Franz Leitner Feb 12, 1918 Oct 20, 2005 Buchenwald concentration camp Because of his activities in the Communist Party, Franz Leitner was imprisoned in Buchenwald from September 1939 until the liberation in 1945, where he was a leading member of the camp resistance. In 1943 he was appointed head of the children's block (Barrack 8). In this function he improved the living conditions of the interned children significantly. I.a. he arranged for the children to be assigned lighter work, to work in closed buildings instead of outside, to be released from roll call , to improve the supply of food and clothing and to set up an underground school. Although the children's block was only intended for political prisoners and not for Jews, from autumn 1944 the underground movement repeatedly succeeded in smuggling Jewish children who were intended for deportation to Auschwitz into the block. Leitner ensured their survival and a. through false statements to the SS and bribery of guards. 1999
Ella Lingens Nov 18, 1908 Dec 30, 2002 Vienna , Auschwitz concentration camp Ella Lingens hid ten Jews in her room during the Night of the Reichspogrom; from 1941 she and her husband Kurt repeatedly supported Jewish acquaintances, for example by helping them escape. In 1941/42 she hid a young Jewish woman in her apartment for several months, provided her with food and, with the help of the identity of her housekeeper, made it possible for her to see a doctor and have necessary operations. After denunciation by an acquaintance who pretended to help two Jewish couples flee, Ella Lingens was deported to Auschwitz together with her friend Karl Motesiczky in autumn 1942. There she was employed as a doctor and in this function saved some Jewish prisoners from being murdered in the gas chambers. After a death march from Auschwitz to Dachau, Ella Lingens saw the end of the war there. 1980
Kurt Lingens May 31, 1912 Vienna From 1941 on, Kurt Lingens and his wife Ella repeatedly supported Jewish acquaintances, for example by helping them escape. In addition, they hid a young Jewish woman in her apartment for several months in 1941/1942, provided her with food and, with the help of the identity of her housekeeper, enabled her to see a doctor and to have an operation. After being denounced by an acquaintance who pretended to help two Jewish couples flee, Kurt Lingens was arrested and sent to the Russian front with a punitive unit. 1980
Balthasar Linsinger May 1902 Oct 19, 1986 Grossarl Linsinger passed off a Jewish family he knew from Salzburg as a family who had lost their apartment in Vienna due to the bombing war and they stayed with him until the end of the war. 2010
Erwin Lutz innsbruck Lutz was a police officer and worked as a chef in Innsbruck prison in 1944 and, together with the Innsbruck criminal police officer Rudolf Moser, saved five Polish Jewish women from deportation to a concentration camp by convincing his superiors to make the girls' papers disappear and to use them for his service Use kitchen. When in 1945 the order came to transport all inmates of the prison to the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp , he planned the escape of the girls from the prison. Two of the five Polish women managed to escape and he offered them his own apartment as their first place of refuge. 1980
Julius Madritsch Aug 4, 1906 June 11, 1984 Krakow , Tarnów Madritsch was the manager of two textile factories near the Kraków ghetto , and later he also opened factories in the ghettos in Kraków and Tarnów. He employed as many Jews as possible (including a large number of unskilled workers) and took care of - u. a. together with his factory manager Raimund Titsch  - for humane working conditions and increased food rations. Together with Oswald Bosko, he repeatedly helped Jews to flee the Warsaw ghetto and smuggled food into it. When Madritsch learned of the imminent deportation of the children from the ghetto to Auschwitz in 1942, they smuggled the children of their workers into the factories, from where they were taken out of the country or hidden with Polish families. Hundreds of Jewish families who were hiding in cellars and bunkers on the ghetto area during the "dissolution" of the ghetto were saved in the same way. In 1943, Madritsch relocated his factory to a forced labor camp, as the Jews he employed were no longer allowed to leave the camp. When this camp was also disbanded, all efforts by Madritsch and Titsch to protect their workers from deportation by classifying their factories as "war-important production facilities" failed; only about a hundred people could be accommodated in Oskar Schindler's ammunition factory . 1964
Anna Manzer Vienna Anna Manzer is the daughter of Ludwig and Anna Friessnegg, who were also named Righteous . They hid an unknown Jew who had escaped from a transport to the Mauthausen concentration camp until she was liberated. 1984
Lydia Matouschek ? Vienna Matouschek lived with her twin sister Olga Holstein in an apartment that they made available to Jews as a hiding place several times. When Edeltrud Becher's fiancé Walter Posiles was hiding in Vienna, the twin sisters helped him. a. Matouschek got the ID of a deceased acquaintance, so that Posiles could temporarily leave the hiding place. 1978
Rudolf Moser 25 Sep 1902 2nd July 1976 innsbruck Rudolf Moser conveyed the address of Maria Stocker , where two of the women hid after their escape from prison , to five women who were imprisoned in the police prison and whose deportation to Auschwitz had been delayed by Wolfgang Neuschmidt , Karl Dickbauer and Erwin Lutz . 1980
Karl Motesiczky May 25, 1904 June 25, 1943 Vienna , Hinterbrühl Karl Motesiczkys Gut was a meeting place for anti-fascists and Jews; he repeatedly supported people affected by the reprisals of the National Socialists, u. a. he helped Jews to flee to unoccupied areas. After denunciation by an acquaintance who pretended to help two Jewish couples flee, Motesiczky was deported to Auschwitz together with his friend Ella Lingens in October 1942 , where he died of typhus . 1980
Anna Müller ? Vienna Anna Müller and her son Konstantin supported persecuted Jews with money throughout the Second World War, hid people threatened by deportation in their home or found them hiding places. Both Konstantin and Anna Müller did not allow their poor health or threats from friends to dissuade them from the relief efforts. 1974
Konstantin Müller ? Vienna Konstantin Müller and his mother Anna supported persecuted Jews with money during the entire duration of the Second World War, hid people threatened by deportation in his house or found hiding places for them; He used his good contacts with the authorities in numerous cases to obtain food stamps and forged papers for Jews, to help them escape and to delay or prevent the deportation of imprisoned Jews to concentration camps. Both Konstantin and Anna Müller did not allow their poor health or threats from friends to dissuade them from the relief efforts. 1974
Julius Natali March 21, 1901 Julius Natali hired Jews in the printing works he ran to protect them from deportation. 1966
Dorothea Neff Feb 21, 1903 July 27, 1986 Vienna Dorothea Neff faked a suicide note from her Jewish friend Lili Wolff, who was threatened with deportation, and then hid her in her apartment for four years. She stayed with her in the apartment even when there was an air raid alarm, as her friend could not go to the air raid shelter. 1979
Wolfgang Neuschmidt March 7, 1901 Feb 9, 1977 innsbruck As a senior officer in a police prison, Wolfgang Neuschmidt treated Jews and prisoners of war better than allowed. From March 1944, he employed five Jewish women in the prison kitchen, thus delaying their imminent deportation. Together with Erwin Lutz (head of the prison kitchen), Karl Dickbauer , Rudolf Moser and Anton Dietz, he helped two of the women to escape. Two of the women were brought to Bergen-Belsen , the fifth woman (Ruth Litman) was initially able to stay in prison because of Neuschmidt's intervention because of health problems. Neuschmidt made false statements in the papers about Litman's origin, which is why she was transferred to an internment camp for foreigners instead of a concentration camp after she recovered. All five women survived the Holocaust. 1980
Hilde Oelsinger 1898 Vienna From September 1943 until the end of the war, Hilde Ölsinger hid the Storfer couple in their apartment. 1977
Maria Petrykiewicz Feb. 20, 1900 Jan. 9, 1981 innsbruck Maria Petrykiewicz and her daughter Wanda Bottesi hid two Jewish women who had fled the Innsbruck police prison in their apartment (see also Wolfgang Neuschmidt ). Together they made it possible for the women with changed looks and forged papers to flee to Salzburg, where they survived until the end of the war. 1980
Roman Erich Petsche Feb 3, 1907 1993 Novi Sad (Serbia) Petsche was quartered as a Wehrmacht soldier with a Jewish family in the occupied city of Novi Sad . When he learned of the family's imminent deportation, he smuggled the two daughters and the maid across the border to Budapest, posing as his daughters and his wife. The girls were hidden in a monastery in Budapest and survived. He gave the family members who remained in Novi Sad his address in Austria and recommended that they jump off the train to Auschwitz and make their way to his hometown, but they did not succeed. In the period that followed, Petsche took care of the sick grandmother of the family who was left behind in Novi Sad. 1982
Luci Pollreis ? Vienna Together with Maria Schauer , Luci Pollreis hid the tailor Max Arnold, his wife Johanna and his sister Leopoldine Stern in Vienna from 1942 until the end of the war - against the will of her husband - and supplied them with essential goods. 1982
Josefa Posch ,
Rupert Posch 		2011
Edeltrud Posiles June 4, 1916 23rd July 2016 Vienna 1978
Maria Potesil 1894 1984 Vienna The widowed mother of two children took over the custody of Kurt Martinetz (born 1924) in 1927. During the Nazi era , her foster child was declared a “ full Jew ”. She fought against his deportation for years and was able to obtain his release from a transit camp in Leopoldstadt in 1944 . She then hid him until the fall of the Nazi regime, at risk of her own life. In the post-Nazi period, her care allowances from 1938 to 1945 and the widow's pension were refused. 1978
Johann Pscheidt Aug 8, 1901 Zagłębie As a building contractor in Chernivtsi , he supported Jews with food and money; He also made it possible for two of his workers to emigrate to Palestine with financial aid. From 1940 Pscheidt was trustee of several factories confiscated from Jews in the Zagłębie province . Since he was forbidden to employ Jews as a trustee, he hired Jews with forged papers. He enabled the local resistance movement to set up a center for rescue operations as well as hiding places in his factories; Pscheidt himself was also repeatedly involved in rescue operations and provided numerous refugees and Jews in hiding with food, money and clothing. 1963
Kurt Reinhard Occupied Poland, Munich Kurt Reinhard helped the Jew Elieser Thum and his family to survive the time of the German occupation of Poland by providing them with the most essential food. When he was transferred to Austria in 1941, he helped the Thum family and the Scharf family, related to them, to leave Poland with false papers. 1981
Hermione ripped Vienna Hermine Riss hid Regine Heinrich, a Jew, in her apartment in Vienna from 1942 to 1945 and at times hid two other persecuted Jews, Stefanie Zach and Otto Breichenstein, who thus survived the Nazi era. 2005
Maria Saidler 1900 1994 Vienna After she was no longer able to work as a cook for the Jewish Fleischer family due to Nazi reprisals, Maria Saidler helped the family free of charge. When the family was about to be deported in October 1942, Saidler offered to hide them with him, but they refused; the family later died in Auschwitz. In the period that followed, Saidler hid another Jewish widow with him until the end of the war and shared her food rations with her.
Hermione Santrouschitz 1909 2010 Amsterdam Under her married name Miep Gies, Hermine Santrouschitz was one of the most important confidants of Anne Frank's family and those around her, she was honored as “Righteous Among the Nations from the Netherlands”. 1972
Johann and Maria Schatz 2009
Maria Schauer ? Vienna Together with Luci Pollreis , Maria Schauer hid the tailor Max Arnold, his wife Johanna and his sister Leopoldine Stern in Vienna from 1942 until the end of the war, and provided them with essential goods. 1982
Anton Schmid Jan. 9, 1900 Apr 13, 1942 Vilna Anton Schmid saved hundreds of Jews in the Vilna ghetto from certain death and was executed for it. For his installation company, instead of the 15 officially approved for him, Schmid issued around 90 work certificates for Jewish forced laborers , which were saved from access by the task forces. He rescued some of his workers from Lukiszki prison several times, and he procured forged papers for at least two people. He saved 300 Jews from the imminent murder by issuing marching orders from the Vilna ghetto to Belarus . He hid Jewish resistance fighters in his house and took part in the preparation of the uprising in the Warsaw ghetto . 1964
Rosa Schreiber-Freissmuth 1913 1996 Neuhaus am Klausenbach (Burgenland) As a pharmacist, Schreiber-Freissmuth provided prisoners in a labor camp near Neuhaus am Klausenbach with medicines and food. 1997
Ludwig Semrad 1907 Jagielnica (near Czortkow ) As the administrator of a factory confiscated by the National Socialists, Ludwig Semrad ensured the survival of several dozen Jews by employing them in the factory and always presenting their work - although incorrectly - as absolutely necessary to maintain production. The workers lived in relatively good conditions and were paid for their work. Despite massive attempts at intimidation by the Gestapo , he and his wife Wanda Semrad continued to provide assistance. 1979
Wanda Semrad ? Jagielnica (near Czortkow ) Wanda Semrad, together with her husband Ludwig, was involved in the rescue of several dozen Jews who were employed in the factory managed by Ludwig Semrad and thus escaped deportation. She brought u. a. the wife of a factory employee through the city populated by Wehrmacht and Gestapo personnel to the factory to save her from the imminent deportation. 1979
Pauline Smejkal Amsterdam After her Jewish fiancé died in the concentration camp, Pauline Smejkal took three Jewish children into her apartment in 1942: Esther Friedmann (then 6 years old), her sister Fanny (4) and a sick boy. Pauline looked after the three Jewish children as she did for her own children. Fanny stayed with her for over a year before taking her to another family, where she survived. Esther hid in her apartment until the winter of 1944/45. 1979
Edi Stecher Vienna Brother of Anna Manzer , also honored as “Righteous” , who hid Melvine Deutsch, an unknown Jew who had escaped from a transport to Mauthausen concentration camp . Stecher took Melvine Deutsch into his apartment when he was in imminent danger due to the persecution by the Gestapo in his sister's apartment. 1984
Maria Steiner 1906 Vienna Maria Steiner picked up Hedwig Mendelssohn, whose husband had emigrated to Argentina in good time, from a collection point where Jews destined for deportation to concentration camps had to be present. She obtained a false identity card for Mendelssohn, hid it in various apartments from May 1942 until the end of the war, and provided her with food and clothing. Another couple obtained entry permits for Paraguay, which enabled them to escape. 1968
Maria Stocker Feb. 7, 1885 20th June 1969 innsbruck In the last months of the war, Maria Stocker helped to save two Polish Jewish girls - Lorraine Justman-Visnicki and Mirjam Fuchs - from being transported to the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp and put them in her apartment. 1980
Raimund Titsch 1964
Florian Tschögl ? 1979 Molodeczno As Tschögl was known as a security guard for his humane treatment of prisoners in the Molodeczno prisoner of war camp , the Arzichowski family, who had fled the Vilna ghetto, asked him twice for help from November 1943. Work colleagues had threatened them with betraying their Jewish origins to the Gestapo. Tschögl then threatened those work colleagues and forced them to apologize to the family. When the Arzichowski couple was finally brought for interrogation on a false accusation, Tschögl took their daughter with him to protect her in the event that her parents were deported to a concentration camp. 1979
Leo Tschöll 1893 Budapest Tschöll hid two members of the Betar resistance movement, who had managed to escape when the Košice ghetto was founded in March 1944, in his apartment for two weeks. He then allowed the two men to use his patent office to forge papers. This resulted in hundreds of documents that were distributed to Jews in Budapest. From June 1944, when the Jews in Budapest were interned in so-called “Jewish houses”, Tschöll hid Jewish families in his apartment and provided them with food and clothing until they could move to other hiding places. Under the pretext of needing living space for workers in his office, Tschöll claimed an empty villa, which the resistance movement then used as a hiding place. At the end of 1944 Tschöll made it possible for several Jews to leave the country by obtaining protective passports for them . In December 1944 the police discovered Tschöll's activities, about which he was informed by friends. Although an immediate search of his apartment was to be expected, Tschöll went into the apartment to warn a Jewish woman who was hiding there with her child before he went into hiding. 1968
Anton and Antonia Viehböck 21 Sep 1909 and
April 27, 1904 		April 7, 1973 and
July 15, 1997 		innsbruck Anton and Antonia Viehböck hid the Jew David Ballhorn in their house from October 1943 until the end of the war and provided him with everything he needed for life. 1978
Rudolf Wertz ? 1966 In 1941, the doctor Rudolf Wertz saved many Jews from deportation to extermination camps in Poland by issuing them certificates of serious illness. When the Gestapo discovered his help, he was put in a punishment company, from which he was liberated alive at the end of the war. 1966

Action "Avenue of the Righteous"

In 2011, an action on Vienna's Ringstrasse, consisting of banners in the avenues of the Ring and 3-D letters on the fences of Volksgarten, Heldenplatz and Burggarten, recalled “Righteous Among the Nations” from the city of Vienna:

  • Anton Schmid

  • Balthasar Linsinger

  • Franziska Cechal

  • Karl Dickbauer

  • Leo Tschöll

  • Ludwig Friessnegg

  • Mina tripe washer

  • Balthasar Linsinger

  • Maria Grausenburger

A similar action took place under the same title in July 2012 in the Salzburg spa garden behind Mirabell Palace.

  • Part of the action in Salzburg

  • Ludwig Semrad

  • Gottfried von One

literature

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ 92 Austrians who rescued Jews during the Nazi era . The standard ; Retrieved October 16, 2013
  2. ↑ “Righteous Among the Nations” - by country and ethnic origin January 1, 2019. Accessed February 3, 2020 .
  3. ↑ Otto Beneschek  - his work on saving Jews during the Holocaust , on the Yad Vashem website (English)
  4. ↑ A Letter To The Stars : Maria Potesil ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed March 24, 2018 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.lettertothestars.at
  5. ↑ Entry at Yad Vashem
  6. ↑ "Allee der Gerechten" on the Vienna Ring. In: derStandard.at. April 28, 2011, accessed December 8, 2017 .
  7. ↑ Nazi era: Memory of lifesavers. At: Salzburg.ORF.at. July 13, 2012, accessed August 2, 2012.