List of Italian orders and decorations

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This list gives an overview of orders and decorations in Italy as well as the awards made by Italian states before the unification of the country in 1861.

The lists in the following sections are not always complete.

Breast star of the Order of Annunciations

Italian Republic

The Italian Republic has existed since 1946. Some orders and decorations were adopted by the Kingdom of Italy and the Kingdom of Sardinia . This can be seen from the foundation years in brackets.

medal

Presidents Napolitano and Ciampi in 2006 at the presentation of the Collane of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic
Insignia of a Knight of the Order of Merit
Commemorative Medal for Victims of Terrorism (2007)

Badge of honor

  • Military Medal of Valor (1793)
  • Navy Medal of Valor (1836)
  • Mauritian medal for 50 years of military service (1839)
  • Medal of Civil Valor (1851)
  • Italian Rescue Medal at Sea (1860)
  • Medal for Services to Public Health (1884/1918)
  • Medal for services to public education (1891)
  • Seniority Cross (1900)
  • Long-term service medal in seafaring (1904)
  • Seniority Cross for the Finance Guard (1905)
  • War Merit Cross (1918)
  • War Cross for Bravery (1922)
  • Earnings Star (1923)
  • Air Force Medal of Valor (1927)
  • Seniority medal for commanders (1935)
  • Senior Aviation Medal (1928)
  • Cultural Merit Medal (1950)
  • Medal for Services to Public Finance (1955)
  • Civilian Merit Medal (1956)
  • Air Force Merit Medal (1966)
  • Army Bravery Medial (1974)
  • Army Cross of Merit (1974)
  • Navy Medal of Merit (1997)
  • Environmental Merit Medal (1998)
  • Carabinieri Medal of Valor (2000)
  • Carabinieri Cross of Merit (2000)
  • Guardia di Finanza Medal of Valor (2001)
  • Guardia di Finanza Cross of Merit (2001)
  • Civil Defense Medal of Merit (2004)
  • Cross of Honor for Victims of Terrorism Abroad (2005)
  • Medal of Honor for deportees and internees in Nazi concentration camps (2006)
  • Commemorative Medal for Victims of Terrorism (2007)
  • Tourism Merit Medal (2011)

Regions and provinces

Italian regions and autonomous provinces have their own orders and decorations. Below is a selection:

Italian social republic

The fascist Italian Social Republic existed from September 1943 to April 1945 under German protection in northern Italy (until summer 1944 also in central Italy). In addition, the Allied occupied Kingdom of Italy continued until 1946.

Kingdom of Italy

Coat of arms of the Kingdom of Italy with the five most important orders: Announcement Order (center), St. Mauritius and Lazarus, Military and Civil Order of Savoy, Crown of Italy
Commander's Cross of the Order of St. Mauritius and Lazarus
Golden medal of bravery

The Kingdom of Italy emerged in 1861 from the Kingdom of Sardinia under the rule of the House of Savoy , whose medals and decorations thus continued to exist (again to be recognized by the foundation years in brackets).

medal

Badge of honor

Awards of the former states (before agreement)

The Kingdom of Sardinia is mentioned first because of its importance for the unification of Italy and because of its constitutional continuity, duchies last. Usually only medals are given.

Kingdom of Sardinia

The Kingdom of Sardinia fell in 1720 to the in Turin resident House of Savoy . The central rulership included Piedmont , Savoy and the county of Nice ( Liguria only from 1815). The following list refers to the House of Savoy and its dominion, which was called "Kingdom of Sardinia" from 1720 (in today's literature also "Sardinia-Piedmont").

Order decoration of the January order

Kingdom of the Two Sicilies

The Kingdom of Both Sicilies existed from 1816 to 1861 under the royal house of Bourbon-Sicily . Before that, the Kingdom of Naples and the Kingdom of Sicily were ruled in personal union.

Kingdom of Lombardy-Veneto

The Kingdom of Lombardy-Veneto existed from 1815 to 1859 (Veneto until 1866) and essentially comprised the former Duchy of Milan and the former Republic of Venice . King was in personal union the Emperor of Austria , which is why the country belonged to his empire . It is only mentioned here for geographical reasons. For orders and decorations in this kingdom and in the areas of Austria-Hungary that were awarded to Italy in 1919, see the list of Austrian orders and decorations .

Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy

The Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy existed from 1805 to 1814.

Papal States

In the Papal State , which covered large parts of central Italy, the Pope was a secular ruler. See the list of papal orders and decorations .

Grand Duchy of Tuscany

Order of St. Stephen

The Grand Duchy of Tuscany existed until 1861.

Republic of Venice

The Republic of Venice lasted until 1797.

Republic of Genoa

The Republic of Genoa existed until 1797.

  • Military Merit Order of St. George (1452)

Duchy of Lucca

Duchy of Mantua

  • House Order of Redemption (1608)
  • Military Order of the Annunciation (1617)
  • Military Medal for Loyalty (1831)
  • Order of the Maria Elisa Ladies (1843)
  • Service badge for soldiers (1843)
  • Officer's badge (1852)
  • Military Merit Medal (1852)
  • Order of Merit of Duke Alexander (1866)

Duchy of Modena

Duchy of Parma

literature

  • Paul Hieronymussen: Orders, Medals and Decorations of Britain and Europe in Color. Blandford Press, London 1975. ISBN 0-7137-0445-4
  • Arnhard Graf Klenau: European order from 1700 . Klenau, Rosenheim 1978. ISBN 3-921566-05-3
  • Ernst August Prinz zur Lippe: Orders and awards in the past and present . Keysersche Verlagbuchhandlung, Heidelberg-Munich 1958
  • Václav Měřička : Orders and Awards . Artia Publishing House, Prague 1966

Web links