Plattkow

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Plattkow
Municipality Märkische Heide
Coordinates: 52 ° 6 ′ 22 ″  N , 14 ° 1 ′ 10 ″  E
Height : 44 m
Incorporation : October 26, 2003
Postal code : 15848
Area code : 035476
View of the Brückenstraße in west direction
View of the Brückenstraße in west direction

Plattkow ( Lower Sorbian Błotko ) is a district of the Märkische Heide community in the Dahme-Spreewald district (Brandenburg). Plattkow was an independent municipality until 2003.

Plattkow on the original table sheet 3850 Kossen sheet from 1846. Detail
Fire station
Peace oak on the village square
Memorial plaque under the peace oak

Geographical location

Plattkow is located about 17 km southeast of Storkow (Mark) , about 17 km southwest of Beeskow and about 21 km northeast of Lübben (Spreewald) . The district borders in the north on Werder / Spree and Kossenblatt (both places are districts of the community Tauche in the Oder-Spree district), in the east on Schuhlen-Wiese , in the south on Wittmannsdorf-Bückchen and in the west on Pretschen (the latter three places are districts of the community of Märkische Heide). Plattkow can be reached via two junctions from the K6118, which runs from the L443 to Werder / Spree. Another connection route branches off from the K6117 between Wittmannsdorf and Pretschen. The village itself is a dead end. Only an agricultural path leads to a bridge over the Pretschener Spree.

Three larger bodies of water form the boundaries of the district over a larger area. In the north towards Werder / Spree it is the main arm of the Spree, in the west (towards Pretschen) the Pretschener Spree and in the south-west (also towards the Pretschen district) the Gröditscher Landgraben . In the northwest some drainage ditches run through the district. A ditch running east of the town center from southeast to northwest to the Spree is only temporarily water-bearing. The highest point of the district is the western slope of the Black Mountain, but its highest point (65.5 m) is already on the district of Kossenblatt. On the Plattkower side of the district boundary, about 56 m are reached. The lowest point is the Spree at around 42.5 m. The place itself is 44.9 m.

Forest cemetery Plattkow, historical burial ground, explanation board
View over the burial ground with old grave monuments
Funerary monument
Grave monument with grave pillow
Grave cushion of an infant grave

history

The place is first mentioned in a document as Platko in 1527 and therefore comparatively late . The name is derived from Lower Sorbian * błotko = wet forest, deciduous forest, break forest. According to Rudolf Lehmann , Plattkow should be a street village according to the village structure . According to its orientation, almost east-west, it was or is a dead end village facing the Pretschener Spree . Until 1815 it was a border town on the Prussian-Saxon border.

In 1708 there were six cottagers and three Büdners living in Plattkow. For 1710, however, only three cottagers and three cottagers are given. The village had a comparatively low appraisal of 500 guilders . In 1753 the place had 93 inhabitants. In 1755 the average harvest (in Dresden bushels ) was: 293 bushels of grain, 16 bushels of barley, 9.5 bushels of oats, 5.5 bushels of peas, 11 bushels of heather (= buckwheat ), two bushels of hops and five bushels of flax. In 1795 22 Freebüdners lived in the village, in 1809 three whole cottages, one half-cottages and 11 cottagers. In 1818 Plattkow had 17 houses and 121 inhabitants. In comparison, the village did not get any bigger until 1840. There were still 17 houses in which 123 people lived.

In 1861 there was a school in Plattkow. 130 inhabitants lived in 17 houses. In 1864 a forester establishment is mentioned near the village (today forest office: Brückenstraße 3). In 1869 the manor district was 799 acres and the parish 433 acres. Around 1900 the Lower Lusatian railway line Beeskow-Lübben (Spreewald) was built and opened in 1901. It leads through the southeastern part of the district. Plattkow did not have its own stopping point, however, as the railway line passes very far from the town center and the Wittmannsdorf stopping point was closer than its own stopping point. In 1928/29 the parish and manor district were united. This gave Plattkow the large and very elongated district.

Ownership history

On October 17, 1527, Ebolt and Christoff von Krummensehe received the villages of Plattkow and Wiese with all accessories from the Bohemian Crown as a fief, just as their ancestors had already owned. It was a revival after the death of the Bohemian-Hungarian King Ludwig II in the Battle of Mohács in 1526 . This means that the von Krummensee family should have been living in Plattkow as early as the 2nd half of the 15th century. At the regional inspection of Niederlausitz, which was held in Guben in 1528, the von Krummensee appeared with an armored footman. The von Krummensee were a Markbrandenburg noble family from the village of Krummensee in Niederbarnim . The family was already there in 1375. Christoph von Krummensee died in 1538, and Ebolt received Plattkow and Wiese as a fief for himself. His cousin Hans von Krummensee was admitted to the “Entire Hand” (or Entire Lending). He inherited the property after the death of Ebolt, who had remained without a physical heir, and finally sold the goods to Georg von der Zauche on November 6, 1543. Georg von der Zauche also owned the so-called "Lamsfeldschen property" ( Lamsfeld , Jessern , Jamlitz and Staakow ), the villages of Groß Leine , Leibchel and Leeskow . The two villages Plattkow and Wiese were not connected to the other possessions, but were always administered separately by a Vogt. Georg von der Zauche was succeeded by his son Christoph, who in 1570 received permission from the governor of Niederlausitz to build a windmill in Wiese. However, the border disputes with the northern neighbors, the places Werder / Spree and Kossenblatt , which already belonged to the Beeskow rule , also increased. Finally, the quarrels about hats, fields and trips rocked up to violence and "skirmishes". Christoph died on November 4, 1575 and on September 15, 1576 his sons Hans and Abraham were enfeoffed with their father's property. The possession of von der Zauche was heavily in debt and with the sale of Plattkow and Wiese on March 11, 1582, they got rid of the constant trouble with their northern neighbors on the one hand, and on the other hand they were able to reduce the debt burden a little. The buyer was the Brandenburg treasurer Georg von Oppen, who was also the owner of Werder / Spree and Kossenblatt at the time. With the purchase and incorporation into Gut Kossenblatt, the border disputes were also resolved. The purchase price was 9,250 guilders. The sale of the two villages included all accessories, lakes and fisheries, the "Enttenschlag" and "Finckengertten", the mills and windmill justice, the highest and lowest dishes "at hand, and Halß, body and life". The buyer was exempt from knight services, which took over that of the Zauche on Lamsfeld. George d. Ä. von Oppen married Anna von Klitzing in 1583, daughter of Andreas von Klitzing and his wife Barbara von Flanß. Georg also belonged to Nichel (municipality of Mühlenfließ ) and Fredersdorf (city of Bad Belzig ) in Fläming. Anna von Klitzing died in 1606, Georg in 1609, leaving behind five sons (Christian, Georg, Caspar, Christoph and David) and seven daughters (six are named: Catharina, Anna, Elisabeth, Sophia, Maria and Sabina). Both tombstones are in the Kossenblatter Church. The sons of George did not initially share the property, but left it to their brother Caspar for 1,600 thalers. In 1644 Georg d. J. von Oppen from Joachim-Friedrich Schenk von Landsberg auf Buchholz found the village of Groß Köris in the Teupitz rulership for 4796 thalers. It was not until 1648 that Caspar ceded the villages of Plattkow and Wiese to his brother David for 2,200 thalers, but retained the Plattkowische Heide, known as the Splau forest, with all fairness, as well as the hunt for the two field marks. The third surviving brother Georg received the Krausnick estate in the Storkow estate , Schwenow in the Beeskow estate and Groß Köris, acquired in 1644. Caspar was born with Catharina von Oppen, with whom he had two sons Friedrich and Caspar. He died on November 5, 1649 in Kossenblatt. Georg had already died in 1651. He had left the sons Erdmann, Caspar, David, Joachim and Christoph and the daughters Anna, Sybille and Sabine. David on Plattkow and Wiese was married to Barbara von Maltitz. Of his six sons, only Joachim reached adulthood, as did his daughter Sabina, who lived with Otto Heinrich v. Pannewitz auf Falkenberg and Babow near Cottbus) was married. David von Oppen died in 1661 at the age of 59. His son and heir Joachim was married to Anna Catharina von Berge; the marriage remained childless. After the death of Joachim von Oppen in 1677, Plattkow and Wiese fell to the two sons of Caspar (the elder), Friedrich and Caspar (the elder). In 1687 the villages of Plattkow and Wiese came to Caspar (d. J.), who took the oath of feud for both places that year. In 1690 he sold Plattkow without the village of Wiese for ten years and repurchased it to Adolf von der Heyde for 1625 thalers. However, the sale failed for unknown reasons, because in 1692 Christoph Haubold von Houwald took over the place. Interestingly enough, he also took his father, Willibald von Houwald , the upper official government president of Niederlausitz and owner of the Straupitz estate, and the salesman Caspar the Elder. Ä. von Oppen and his fellow hunters placed the court hunter Friedrich Wilhelm von Oppen in the "entire hand". Christoph Haubold von Houwald died on July 2, 1693 at the age of only 26 in Straupitz. Christoph's father retired due to fiefdoms. Therefore, the Brandenburg chief forester Friedrich Wilhelm von Oppen, the son of Friedrich von Oppen († 1680), followed. He also owned a stake in Kossenblatt. Since he had no intention of cultivating Plattkow himself or living there, he sold Plattkow for 2450 thalers for 18 years and bought it again to Christian Adolf von der Heyde. He had no heirs. Plattkow went to District Administrator Georg Erdmann von Oppen after 18 years and the repurchase period. To do this, he first had to take out a loan of 1,600 thalers from Joachim Heinrich von Stutterheim, and in 1716 to ask for an extension of the deadline, as he could not repay the loan on time. In 1702 Caspar the Elder had J. von Oppen, at that time a royal Danish ensign, already sold the place Wiese, along with the Schlauheide (= Splau), the Plattkowische Heide and the sheep farm there for 5000 Taler to Hans Albrecht von Barfus . The village of Plattkow itself was not included in this sale or purchase, as can occasionally be found in the literature. On May 12, 1738 (April 30, 1738) Georg Erdmann von Oppen sold the place Plattkow for 8,500 thalers and 100 thalers key money to the King in Prussia, Friedrich Wilhelm I. This first assigned the place to the office of Kossenblatt . It served to supply Prince August Wilhelm. In 1748 he received the loan letter for Plattkow, located in the Saxon Lower Lusatia. Pro forma he became a Saxon vassal. The chamberlain Caspar Siegmund von Beerfelde became the formal fiefdom holder in place of the prince. After his death in 1748, the order captain Johann Friedrich von Hayn became a fief. In 1752 the Vorwerk was given a long lease to a Lehniger and in 1852 it was bought back by the domain treasury for 10,000 thalers.

According to the topographical-statistical overview of the administrative district of Frankfurth ad O. from 1820, the village belonged to the Kossenblatt domain office in 1818 . In 1840 it was administered by the Lübben Rent Office. In 1842 the Vorwerk was bought back and largely converted into forest. In 1851 the Topographical Survey of the Appeal Court Department of Frankfurt a d. O. the place already to the Trebatsch office . The topographical-statistical manual of the government district of Frankfurt a. O. von 1867 (cut-off year 1864) lists Plattkow under the Trebatsch house fideikommißamt . Presumably, the alleged affiliation of the place to the Amt Lübben 1840 in the topographical-statistical overview from 1844 (reference year 1840) was only an error.

Population development from 1818 to 2002
year 1818 1846 1871 1890 1910 1925 1939 1946 1950 1964 1971 1981 1991 2002
Residents 121 120 119 122 82 88 62 93 89 70 68 58 48 68

Political Affiliation

The village of Plattkow belonged to Lower Lusatia and was Saxon until 1815. From 1815 it belonged to Prussia and the Lübben district . The manor and the manor district were still under the jurisdiction of the Beeskow District Court in 1855, while the village itself was under the jurisdiction of the Lübben District Court. During the district reform of 1952, Plattkow joined the (again) newly formed Beeskow district , which was renamed the Beeskow district after the fall of the Berlin Wall . In 1992 Plattkow merged with 16 other communities to form the Märkische Heide office . In 1993 the three districts of Beeskow , Eisenhüttenstadt , Fürstenwalde and the independent city of Eisenhüttenstadt were merged to form the new Oder-Spree district. Plattkow was not assigned to this new district, but to the new district of Dahme-Spreewald, which had emerged from the districts of Lübben , Luckau and Königs Wusterhausen . In 2002 the Minister of the Interior of Brandenburg approved the merger of eight communities to form the new community of Märkische Heide. The merger took effect on October 26, 2003. The other municipalities of the office were incorporated into the new municipality by law, also with effect from October 26, 2003. The office Märkische Heide was dissolved at the same time. Since then, Plattkow has been part of the Märkische Heide community. A local council with three members is elected in the village. Mayor (2014) is Fred Bullack.

Church affiliation

Plattkow has no church and has not had a church in the past. There is evidence that it was parish off to Wittmannsdorf in 1818, 1840 and 1860. Plattkow is now part of the parish of Groß Leuthen in the Evangelical Church District of Niederlausitz .

Monuments and sights

The list of monuments of the state of Brandenburg for the district of Dahme-Spreewald does not list any architectural monuments, but the following ground monuments:

  • No. 12499 Corridor 1: Mesolithic resting and work area, Bronze Age settlement
  • No. 12500 Corridor 1 Bronze Age settlement, Neolithic settlement , Mesolithic rest and work area, Roman imperial settlement
  • No. 12501 Corridor 1: Bronze Age settlement, Roman Empire settlement, Neolithic settlement, Mesolithic rest and work area
  • No. 12502 Corridor 1: modern village center, German medieval village center

Nature and conservation

The heron colony Werder / Plattkow, which is a protected area natural monument, is located on the boundary of Werder / Spree.

literature

  • Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Mark Brandenburg and the Markgrafthum Nieder-Lausitz. Volume 2, Adolph Müller, Brandenburg 1855, p. 603 ( online at Google Books )
  • Götz Freiherr von Houwald : The Niederlausitz manors and their owners. Volume III: District of Lübben. Verlag Degener & Co., owner Gerhard Gessner, Neustadt an der Aisch 1984, ISBN 3-7686-4109-0 , p. 322ff.
  • Rudolf Lehmann : Historical local lexicon of Niederlausitz. Volume 1, Hessisches Landesamt für Geschichtliche Landeskunde, Marburg 1979, ISBN 3-921-254-96-5 , pp. 227-228.
  • Rudolf Lehmann: The gentlemen in Lower Lusatia. Studies of origin and history. Böhlau, Cologne 1966 (= Central German Research, Volume 40), snippets from Google Books
  • Francesko Rocca: History and administration of the royal family property: according to the files and documents of the Kgl. Court Chamber in Charlottenburg compiled. 522 p., Berlin, Rohde, 1913–1914 (hereinafter abbreviated to Rocca, Königliche Familiengüter with corresponding page number)
  • Topographical-statistical manual of the government district of Frankfurt a. O. Verlag von Gustav Harnecker u. Co., Frankfurt a. O. 1867
  • Sophie Wauer, Klaus Müller, Kerstin Kirsch: The place names of the Beeskow-Storkow district (= Brandenburg name book, part 12). Steiner, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-515-08664-1 , pp. 226-228

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Place names Niederlausitz
  2. ↑ Main statute of the municipality of Märkische Heide in the official gazette for the municipality of Märkische Heide, Volume 11, Number 13, November 5, 2014, p. 2ff., PDF ( Memento of the original from December 14, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically used and not yet tested. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.maerkische-heide.de
  3. ↑ Ernst Eichler : The place names of Niederlausitz. VEB Domowina publishing house, Bautzen 1975, p. 89.
  4. ^ August Schumann (continued by Albert Schiffner): Complete State, Post and Newspaper Lexicon of Saxony. Volume 8: Ortsmannsdorf-Rehbach. Gebr. Schumann, Zwickau 1821, online at Google Books , p. 337
  5. ↑ a b Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Frankfurth ad O. G. Hayn, Berlin 1820, p. 214.
  6. ↑ a b Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Frankfurt ad O. Gustav Harnecker's bookstore, Frankfurt a. Cit. 1844, online at Google Books , p. 173
  7. ^ Wilhelm Heinrich Riehl, J. Scheu: Berlin and the Mark Brandenburg with the Markgrafthum Nieder-Lausitz in their history and in their present existence. J. Scheu, Berlin 1861, online at Google Books
  8. ↑ a b Topographical-statistical manual of the government district of Frankfurt a. O. Verlag von Gustav Harnecker u. Co., Frankfurt / Oder 1867, online at Google Books , p. 201.
  9. ^ A b Günter de Bruyn : Kossenblatt. The forgotten royal castle. 216 S. Fischer, Frankfurt / M. 2014, ISBN 978-3-10-009835-1 , preview on Google Books
  10. ↑ Christoph Treuer: Tabea Rediviva. That is a Christian corpse and consolation sermon on the beautiful history of the Tabea zu Joppen bey of the nobles and Christian Begrebnuss of the Weilandt nobles, a lot of honor and Christian Frawen, Frawen Barbara born from Flanß ... DFG-Viewer
  11. ↑ Georg Dehio (editor Gerhard Vinken and others): Handbook of the German Art Monuments Brandenburg. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 2000, ISBN 3-422-03054-9
  12. ↑ Rudolf Biedermann: History of the Teupitz rule and their master family, the Schenken v. Landsberg. Inaugural dissertation of the Philosophical Faculty of the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Berlin, Kretschmer, Görlitz-Biesnitz 1933, p. 59.
  13. ^ Franz Wilhelm von Barfus-Falkenberg : HA Graf von Barfus. Royal Prussia. General Field Marshal. Published by Wilhelm Hertz, Berlin 1854, p. 28.
  14. ↑ Rocca, Royal Family Estates, p. 8.
  15. ↑ Rocca, Royal Family Estates, p. 10
  16. ^ Güthlein: Topographical overview of the appellate court department Frankfurt a / O. Gustav Harnecker & Co., Frankfurt a / O. 1856, online at Google Books , p. 88.
  17. ↑ Historisches Ortslexikon Niederlausitz, 1, pp. 213–214.
  18. ↑ Contribution to the statistics of the State Office for Data Processing and Statistics, Historical Community Directory of the State of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005 19.3 District Dahme-Spreewald, PDF
  19. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Prussian Government in Frankfurt ad O. Year 1855, No. 20 of May 16, 1855, online at Google Books , p. 208
  20. ↑ Formation of the offices of Niemegk and Märkische Heide. Announcement of the Minister of the Interior of October 29, 1992. In: Official Journal for Brandenburg. Joint ministerial journal for the state of Brandenburg. Volume 3, number 94, December 8, 1992, p. 2128.
  21. ^ Formation of a new community in Märkische Heide. Announcement of the Ministry of the Interior of September 4, 2002. In: Official Journal for Brandenburg. Joint ministerial journal for the state of Brandenburg. Volume 13, number 39, September 18, 2002, p. 843, PDF .
  22. ↑ Sixth law on state-wide municipal reform concerning the districts of Dahme-Spreewald, Elbe-Elster, Oberspreewald-Lausitz, Oder-Spree and Spree-Neiße (6th GemGebRefGBbg) of March 24, 2003 . In: Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Brandenburg, I (Laws). 2003, No. 05, p. 93.
  23. ^ Parish parish Groß Leuthen
  24. ↑ List of monuments of the state of Brandenburg. District of Dahme-Spreewald. Status: December 31, 2016, PDF ( Memento of the original from July 16, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bldam-brandenburg.de
  25. ↑ List of natural monuments: Heron Colony Werder / Plattkow