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Municipality Märkische Heide
Coordinates: 52 ° 5 ′ 26 ″  N , 13 ° 59 ′ 29 ″  E
Height : 45 m
Area : 17.19 km²
Residents : 280  (2013)
Population density : 16 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : October 26, 2003
Postal code : 15913
Area code : 035476
View of the Pretschener Anger (to the northwest)
View of the Pretschener Anger (to the northwest)
Manor house seen from the northeast

Pretschen , Mrocna in Lower Sorbian , is a district of the unofficial municipality of Märkische Heide in the Dahme-Spreewald district ( Brandenburg ). The place was mentioned for the first time in 1004. Pretschen was an independent municipality until it was incorporated in 2003.

Pretschener Spree at Pretschen

geography

Pretschen is approximately 20 km south west of Beeskow and 18 km south-southeast of Storkow (Mark) at the edge of the sub-Spreewald in pine forests, Auwiesen , ditches and flow of the Spree . The Pretschener Spree , which flows by the site, is a branch of the Große or Hauptspree , which flows between Schlepzig and Plattkow . The district borders in the north on the districts of Alt-Schadow (part of the municipality of Märkische Heide) and Limsdorf (part of the town of Storkow (Mark)), in the northeast to Werder / Spree (part of the municipality of Tauche ) and Plattkow (part of the municipality of Märkische Heide), in the southeast to the district of Wittmannsdorf (part of the municipality of Wittmannsdorf-Bückchen, part of the municipality of Märkische Heide), in the south to Gröditsch and Kuschkow (both places are districts of the municipality of Märkische Heide), in the west to the district of Neu Schadow ( Part of the municipality of Hohenbrück-Neu Schadow , part of the municipality of Märkische Heide) and in the northwest back to Alt-Schadow. The place can be reached via the K6117 from Wittmannsdorf or Gröditsch.

The highest elevations in the district are Mühlenberg (87.3 m) and Weinberg (81.2 m), the lowest point is the Spree at around 43 m. In the north of the district lies the Kleine Luch, in the southeast of the district the Gröditscher Landgraben forms the district boundary over a larger area. The part of the district north of the Pretschener Spree is predominantly forested, while the part of the district south of the Pretschener Spree is mainly used for agriculture. The valley of the Pretschener Spree is mostly swampy.

The district covers over 1719 hectares. In 2013 the place had about 280 inhabitants.

Extract from the Nienburg fragment with the mention of Pretschen = Morscina

history

Pretschen was mentioned for the first time as Mroscina in a document dated August 8, 1004 ; in the document copy from 1180, however, it says Morscina . The later Emperor Heinrich II. (973 to 1024) gave the monastery Nienburg an der Saale a larger area on the Spree. According to the village structure, Pretschen was a dead end village . The name is derived from a basic word lost in Sorbian * mroka = swamp, moisture, which, however, is still present in other Slavic languages. The name Mročna or Mročina is thus a "place located in swampy terrain". Pretschen was a castle gate in 1004. After this mention, the documents are silent for almost 300 years (the document from 1180 is only a copy).

Village history

However, Pretschen had fallen in desolation or was destroyed by 1585. It was rebuilt in the years that followed. Today's Pretschen district was created from two parts, the part to the north of the Pretschener Spree, which belonged to the Storkow lordship and on which the Amalienhof was later built, and the part of the district to the south of the Pretschener Spree, the original field mark of the village of Pretschen, which belonged to Niederlausitz. The northern part of the district was therefore always directly connected to the manor, and the farmers and cottagers of Pretschen had neither fields nor rights of use on this part. This part of the district also belonged to the Beeskow-Storkowischen district around 1800. It was only added to the district and thus to the Lübben district in 1928 .

Pretschen on the Urmes table sheet 3949 Schlepzig from 1846; Cutout

In 1518 Kruger owned a vineyard in Pretschen near Wulfersdorf . In 1653 six farmers, 18 cottagers and five Büdner lived in Pretschen. In 1708 there were still five farmers, but 20 Kossät and four Büdner. In 1718 there were only three farmers left in the village, as well as 14 cottagers and one housekeeper. The village was valued at 1,500 talers. In 1723 there were 22 campfire sites in the village, including the castle. In 1755, 350 people lived in the village. The average harvest was calculated in Dresden bushels : 825 bushels of grain, 6 bushels of wheat, 62 bushels of barley, 56 bushels of oats, 29 bushels of peas, 56 bushels of heather (= buckwheat ) and 22 bushels of flax.

It is not known when the Vorwerk was built on the northern part of the district belonging to the Storkow estate. The Amalienhof is recorded for the first time in the Schmettauschen map from 1767/87. In 1801 there were two fireplaces (residential houses) there. A resident and a cyclist lived with their families on the Vorwerk Amalienhof, a total of nine people. The "Amtmann Paschke zu Bretschen" is recorded as the owner of the Amalienhof. In 1795 five people from Freiburg are mentioned. In 1809 five whole farmers (= full farmers), 18 whole farmers and 26 cottagers or Büdner lived in the village.

Self-service gate on the Pretschener Spree

In 1818 there was a windmill and a tavern in Pretschen. The windmill stood south of the town center on the way to Kuschkow on a small hill (plot 326 at ALKIS). The place counted fire pits and residents; in the Amalienhof there were two campfire sites and 12 residents.

In 1835 the forge in Pretschen was up for sale. In 1835 the Amalienhof had four houses in which 40 people lived. In 1840 the place had 61 houses in which 439 people lived. Presumably there was also a watermill there. In 1848 a distillery was built on the estate. In 1852 the then landowners Heinrich Anton von Voss and his wife Ernestine had a new manor house built. Was it burned down? According to Riehl, there is said to have been a major fire in Pretschen in 1852. In 1855 wine was still being grown on the vineyard. He carried up to 20 buckets (almost 1,400 liters) of drinkable wine. A steam grinder with 16 horsepower was also purchased in the 1850s. In 1864 there were 533 residents in 60 houses. There were two “establishments” (Amalienhof and probably already Birkenweg 1/2) in Pretschen, a windmill, a school, a winegrower's house and a brickyard. On the district was peat stung . Around 1860 eight citizens of Jewish faith also lived in Pretschen. The general address book states for 1879 that there was a distillery and a brick factory in the village. The steam mill was out of order at this point.

Population development from 1818 to 2002
year 1818 1846 1871 1890 1910 1925 1939 1946 1950 1964 1971 1981 1991 2002
Residents 365 455 501 491 438 439 353 569 521 444 432 366 358 332
Pretschen village church, south side
Pretschen fire station

After the Second World War , the estate was initially taken over by the Soviet Army and the owners expropriated. It was later converted into a state-owned property (VEG). The manor house was used to manage the state-owned estate and a vocational school. There were also farm workers' apartments in the manor house. In 1970 the building was renovated to simplify matters. The estate and manor house have been privately owned since 1999. In 2013 Pretschen was awarded silver in the national competition Our Village Has Future .

Ownership history - 14th century

According to Berghaus, the first proven owners at the end of the 13th century / beginning of the 14th century were the brothers Friedrich and Johann von Langen. In 1328 Dietrich the abbot of Dobrilugk enfeoffed Gunther von Lange (n), who lived in Pretschen, with various rights in the Lower Spreewald, which extended from the villages of Gröditsch and Kuschkow to Pretschen, including the use of meadows and wood and fishing in the Spree. A Christian Langen senior is also mentioned as a witness in the certificate. How he related to Gunther Langen is not clear. Presumably Abbot Dietrich enfeoffed Gunther von Langen not in his function as abbot of the Dobrilugk monastery, but as Lord von Lübben at the time. In 1360, Margrave Friedrich von Meißen dedicated the village of Pretschen to Agnes, wife of Dietrich von Langen, as her personal treasure .

15th century

In 1423 Hans Lange had his knight's seat in Pretschen. In 1429 he was suspected of having given shelter to Hussite helpers and traitors. The accusation was unjustified and / or had no consequences, because he is still the boss in 1436. In that year Hans von Langen and his sons Hans and Friedrich bought a piece of heather on the Pretschener Spree from Hans von Biberstein and his sons Friedrich and Wenzel towards Schadow. It is the part of the Pretschen area north of the Pretschener Spree.

Probably Hans the Elder died in 1436/37, because in 1437 Emperor Sigismund confirmed the brothers Johann the Elder . J. and Friedrich von Langen the possessions, rights, uses and territorial boundaries that Abbot Dietrich von Dobrilugk had given their ancestor Gunther von Langen on May 1, 1328. In 1449 Nickel and Nickel Brothers zcum Breczin belonged to the mercy team in the country zcu Crummensprewe . One of the two nickels died soon after, because in 1462 and 1469 only one nickle is named Lange as the owner of Pretschen. In 1473 he was drinking with the wanted mugger Hans von Glaubitz in the tavern of Pretschen. 1494 enfeoffed the Saxon Elector Friedrich III. (the wise) and Johann "the constant" , Duke of Saxony and Georg "the bearded" , Duke of Saxony and Sagan von Langen with their entire hand with their possessions: Nickel the Elder at Münchehofe, Nickel the Younger and Friedrich zu Krausnick and the brothers Christoph, Hans and Anton zu (Märkisch) Buchholz. They also received Teurow (at Halbe ), Pretschen mit der Mühle and the Wildwerder that Georg Lange held. In 1505, the then Duke of Glogau and Troppau (and later King of Poland) Sigismund I , Anna, wife of Georg Langen, confirmed the villages of Pretschen and Wittmannsdorf as personal treasures. Wittmannsdorf must have been acquired by the von Langen between 1494 and 1505.

16th Century

On March 21, 1517, the Lower Lusatian Landvogt Heinrich Tunkel von Bernitzko enfeoffed Georg Langen with Pretschen and Wittmannsdorf with accessories on the occasion of the death of King Vladislav II . On May 22, 1517 Ulrich von Biberstein awarded the Nickel d. Ä. and Anton von Langen on Münchehofe and Krausnick the entitlement to Pretschen together with the Wildwerder in the event of the heirless death of Georg Langen, son of the late Nickel Langen, to Pretschen. In 1519, Bishop Dietrich von Lebus enfeoffed Georg Lange on Pretschen with the village of Pretschen and Wildwerder. This is a revival, after the reign of Beeskow passed to the Bishop of Lebus, because Georg v. Langen also sat on Pretschen as early as 1518. According to the Storkow estate register, Georg Lange von Brotzsch and Krüger von Schadow had to pay interest of one pound of ginger for fishing for the Kerckower See . For the inspection of the Lower Lusatian estates in Guben in 1520, Georg Lange appeared with a horse and a foot servant without armor, also for the inspection in 1528.

After the death of King Ludwig II in the battle of Mohács in 1526, Georg Langen received another feudal letter from Heinrich Tunkel von Bernitzko for his goods Pretschen and Wittmannsdorf. Georg Langen died in 1538, and now his sons Melchior and Leonhardt were enfeoffed with Pretschen and Wittmannsdorf by Landvogt Heinrich Tunkel von Bernitzko. In 1542 Joachim, Melchior and Leonhardt sold the goods they had inherited from their father Georg, the villages of Pretschen and Wittmannsdorf to Friedrich the Elder. J. von Streumen zu Trebatsch ; his brother Heinrich on Ragow and Oegeln was also enfeoffed . Heinrich died around 1553, leaving behind two underage sons and four unmarried daughters. Leonhard Langen was married to Walpurgis von Streumen, and probably a brother-in-law of Friedrich von Streumen. In 1578, after the death of her husband, Walpurgis received a loan letter about a vacant house in Lübben behind the parish, between the house of the Wendish chaplain and the houses of Velten Breuner, small blacksmith. In 1580 Walpurgis died as a widow and left her daughters Margaretha, Anna and Barbara, who were unmarried at the time, the free house in Lübben. Friedrich von Streumen also owned the village of Groß Leine and shares in the villages of Mittweide and Skuhlen , which he sold in 1544/45. He was married to Anna von Löser. The village of Pretschen was assigned to her in 1546, but only part of it. The other part went to the son of Friedrich von Streumen. However, the daughter should also live from this personal thing until she is an adult. In the event of remarriage, she should hand over the treasure and instead receive 100 Rhenish guilders, two Malter grain and two oats and two quarters of wine from the heirs. In 1576 the late Valentin von Streumen is mentioned, probably the son of Friedrich von Streumen. He had been a guarantor for Albrecht von Quast. Now Bernd von Drauschwitz sued Winkelhof (near Spremberg ) against the guardians of Valentin von Streumen's children, who were still underage. A commission appointed in this legal dispute decided that Bernd von Drauschwitz had to be satisfied with a payment of 50 thalers. An Anna von Streumen (̝ † March 25, 1651) from the Pretschen house, probably a daughter of Valentin, was married to Heino von Pfuel (* 1550; † 1602). The estate was heavily in debt and so the governor agreed to sell the Pretschen estate to Abraham von Bredow. This was enfeoffed with Pretschen (and probably Wittmannsdorf) in 1579. In 1585 he sold both villages for 14,000 thalers to Joachim von Holzendorf. On January 23, 1589, he received the loan letter for the two villages; his brothers Dietrich and Stellanus were also enfeoffed. At that time Pretschen was "completely desolate and desolate" and Joachim von Holzendorf had to spend considerable funds on rebuilding the village. To do this, he had to borrow money. By accepting a guarantee, the creditors made him responsible. This increased his debt burden by several thousand guilders.

17th century

Joachim von Holzendorf died in 1622 and bequeathed Pretschen and Wittmannsdorf to his son Samuel von Holzendorf, chief tax collector and assessor of the Lower Lusatia regional court. In 1636 he had to sell Wittmannsdorf to his cousin Christian von Holzendorf for 6,000 thalers. In 1642, war contributions, looting and billeting had made the situation so precarious that he asked permission to sell Gut Pretschen privately. The elector granted permission for this, provided that the other co-leaners had no objection. Christian von Holzendorf in Wittmannsdorf, Stellanus on Dröschkau (part of the city of Belgern-Schildau , district of northern Saxony ) and Dietrich Stefan and his underage brother Ernst Christoph on Cöthen in Oberbarnim should be interviewed . Due to the uncertain situation, Dietrich Stefan did not dare to travel to Niederlausitz. And Christian asked for the appointment to be postponed, as he did not know anything about his brother Stellanus, who had been in the castle when Torgau was attacked. At first there was no one who was willing and financially able to pay for the Pretschen manor in cash. Samuel von Holzendorf was married to Eva von Wolfersdorf. The marriage produced a son and a daughter. The son died before 1641. The daughter Elisabeth married the Imperial General War Commissioner , Reichshofrat and later governor of Halberstadt Joachim Friedrich von Blumenthal ; it was his second marriage. Finally, this Joachim Friedrich Freiherr von Blumenthal bought the Pretschen manor in 1649 for 18,000 thalers. The debts went from this purchase price, Joachim Friedrich alone already withheld 14,038 thalers of the purchase price. The other debts exceeded the remaining almost 4,000 thalers. Debts also weighed on the Brandenburg part of the property, which lay north of the Spree and made up about a third of the property. The creditors on this share were Georg von Oppen and Manasse von Schlabrendorf auf Drewitz and Klein Glienicke . Joachim Friedrich Freiherr von Blumenthal was also able to acquire this share. He had already been raised to the status of imperial baron in 1646. His first marriage was to Elisabeth Catharina von Klitzing, who had died in 1637. The son Christoph Caspar emerged from the marriage. In 1639 he married Elisabeth von Holzendorf. No children are known from the marriage. In 1652 he bought the village of Freudenberg in Oberbarnim. Joachim Friedrich Freiherr von Blumenthal died in 1657.

He was followed by his son Christoph Caspar. He inherited not only Pretschen, but also Pröttlin (Prignitz), Deibow (part of the municipality of Milow (near Grabow) , Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania), Stavenow (Prignitz), Trechwitz (part of the community of Lehnin monastery), Neuendorf and Paretz . He also acquired the neighboring village of Wittmannsdorf again. Already on December 10, 1652, the then master Johann Moritz von Nassau was made Knight of St. John. In 1658 he became commander of the Johanniterkommende Süpplingenburg , which he held until his death. In 1660 he married Luise Hedwig Freiin von Schwerin in the Berlin Cathedral . He was appointed provost of the cathedral in Brandenburg an der Havel and was the Kurbrandenburg ambassador. Due to his special merits, Christoph Caspar Freiherr von Blumenthal received a seat on the table in the Lusatian Landtag for life from the Saxon Elector in 1689, a unique event in the history of Lower Lusatia. Christoph Caspar Freiherr von Blumenthal and Luise Hedwig Freiin von Schwerin had six children, four sons and two daughters. The son Otto died on September 12, 1683 in the battle of the Kahlenberg . The son Friedrich died as a colonel in Brandenburg in Brabant. When his father's property was divided, he initially received Pretschen and Wittmannsdorf. The third brother Adam Ludwig followed him in possession of Pretschen and Wittmannsdorf. The fourth brother Bogislaw had received Pröttlin, Deibow and Paretz.

In 1683 Gustav Heros was sworn in as administrator of the Pretschen and Wittmannsdorf manors. In 1701 Adam Ludwig had Sofie Wilhelmine von Schöning, daughter of the Brandenburg War Minister and General Field Marshal Hans Adam von Schöning and Johanna Margarethe von Pöllnitz on Tamsel (now Dąbroszyn ) in what was then Neumark . In 1703 Ludwig Reichsgraf von Blumenthal leased Pretschen and Wittmannsdorf to the castle Georg Graßmann. Adam Ludwig fell in 1704 as a colonel in Brandenburg in the (second) battle of Höchstädt .

18th century

The only son Friedrich von Blumenthal (* 1702) now inherited Stavenow, Pretschen and Wittmannsdorf. From 1708 to 1718 the Pretschen estate was leased to Ludwig Eckardt. And from 1723 to 1725 Johann Andreas Kreiselmeyer followed as tenant. He died unmarried and without offspring. Heir to his property was his cousin who was also called Friedrich, son of Bogislaw. But even this one died without a physical heir. Now Adam Ludwig and Heinrich Albrecht, sons of Adam Heinrich von Blumenthal and Barbara Hedwig von Hindenburg from the Horst house, raised claims to the inheritance. They alleged that their guardian had made a feudal mistake and that while they were a minor, they failed to enfeoff them with "entire hands". Initially, the request was rejected by the Chamber Procurator. Above all, the Saxon-Polish secret cabinet minister Heinrich Graf Brühl had secured the right to the Blumenthal property in Lower Lusatia. The process now came. Brühl returned the right of succession to the elector. Finally, the Elector of Saxony, Friedrich August I, agreed to a feudal payment by paying 5,000 thalers and assuming all debts on the goods. On July 1, 1757, the brothers Adam Ludwig and Heinrich Albrecht resigned their hereditary homage and feudal obligation because of Pretschen and Wittmannsdorf. Adam Ludwig von Blumenthal now took possession of the two villages. His first marriage was to Sofie Esther von Hoym and his second marriage to Katharina Constantia von Woedtke. It was also the second marriage for the woman; her first marriage was to Franz von Günthersberg. Adam Ludwig made it up to the Prussian state and war minister, he was knight of the High Order of the Black Eagle (bestowed: 1739). In 1759 the father gave the two villages of Pretschen and Wittmannsdorf to his son Hans August Freiherr von Blumenthal. He died in Berlin in 1760. Hans August was promoted to lieutenant colonel and later commander of the Gardes du Corps . He was finally raised to the Prussian count in 1786. Hans August was married to Ulrike Countess von Wartensleben. The von Blumenthal had Pretschen and Wittmannsdorf managed by administrators. Hans August Freiherr von Blumenthal died in Berlin in 1788. On September 12, 1792, according to the loan letter, the Saxon general of the infantry Maximilian Wilhelm v. Larisch and the Johanniter order captain Johann Friedrich v. Rade on Pretschen as authorized representative of Gut Reicherskreuz to the Prussian Chamberlain and Privy Legation Councilor Carl Ernst Georg Graf v. Podewils. Was this Johanniter order captain Johann Friedrich v. Rade also authorized representative in Pretschen? Heir, however, was the only son Heinrich (* 1765, † 1830), who in 1798 sold Pretschen and Wittmannsdorf to Johann Sigismund Paschke. Johann Sigismund (born October 26, 1741 in Zützen near Luckau, † July 6, 1814 in Pretschen) had married Johanna Christiane Henriette Lepsky in Schlepzig in 1771. He was the administrator on Hollbrunn in the Lieberose estate .

19./20. century

Their eldest son Johann Karl Sigismund took over Pretschen in 1808, the second eldest son Johann Friedrich also in 1808 Wittmannsdorf. Johann Karl Sigismund Paschke (* 1772 in Hollbrunn near Lieberose) was his first marriage to a Johanna Christine Henriette NN. married, second marriage to a Charlotte Dorothea NN. married. Interestingly, Johann Karl Sigismund was a member of the Masonic lodge Zum Leopard in Lübben. He died before 1837. Heiresses were his wife Charlotte, who had since remarried (married Loose) and their daughter Ernestine. Ernestine married Heinrich Anton von Voss (also Anton Heinrich von Voss). He is documented as the owner of Pretschen from 1849, as well as in 1853. In 1856 Ms. von Voss was born. Paschke listed as owner, also in 1879. She had the estate managed by a bailiff Feigel. At that time, a steam grinder was already operating on the estate. Ernestine died in Karlsbad in 1897. Her cousin Anna Paschke now inherited Pretschen and the Amalienhof. Anna was married to the Prussian Major General Karl von Trebra . Of their three daughters, Martha married Carl Paschke in 1896. Karl von Trebra died on February 5, 1905 in Pretschen. Pretschen was now managed by Carl Paschke and his wife. He managed the estate in Pretschen until at least 1939. After the war, the Pretschen estate became a provincial estate.

Political Affiliation

Pretschen is located in Niederlausitz , formerly the Lausitz region. In the 14th century Pretschen was a border village to the rule Storkow to the north , which was then owned by the Lords of Strehle . Until the beginning of the 16th century, the Storkow rule also belonged to Niederlausitz (formally until 1742), but together with the Beeskow rule it was an almost independent rule within Niederlausitz. In addition, in 1436 Hans von Langen was able to acquire a piece of heather north of the Pretschener Spree, which belonged to the Storkow estate. Hans von Langen was now not only the direct vassal of the Bohemian king, but also an aftervasal of the Lords of Biberstein, who owned the Storkow estate. On the northern edge of this heather, a forework, the Amalienhof, was built in the 18th century. Around 1800 the Pretschen local lords were thus Prussian and Saxon feudal vassals at the same time. The place Pretschen itself, located south of the Pretschener Spree, was Saxon. The Amalienhof and the heath between Alt-Schadow and Pretschen or the Pretschener Spree belonged to Prussia.

After the reign of Storkow (and Beeskow) passed to the Brandenburg electors and the Saxon elector was enfeoffed with the (remaining) Niederlausitz (1635), Pretschen was a “real” border village with a customs station between Prussia and Saxony until 1815. Even today's district was divided. While the northern part of the district (manor and watermill) belonged to the Beeskow-Storkowischen Kreis and thus to Prussia, the village itself and the district south of the Pretschener Spree was Saxon. In 1815 after the Congress of Vienna , Lower Lusatia came to Prussia. And so the Amalienhof came to the district of Lübben. However, this formed its own manor district, which was only united with the municipal district in 1928. Pretschen was then an independent municipality until 2003. It remained in the Lübben district during the district reforms of 1950 and 1952.

After the fall of the Wall in 1990, the Lübben district was renamed the Lübben district . In 1992, 14 municipalities merged to form an administrative community, the Märkische Heide office. Three other communities were assigned to the office on the instructions of the Interior Minister of the State of Brandenburg. In the district reform of 1993 in the state of Brandenburg, the districts of Königs Wusterhausen , Luckau and Lübben became the district of Dahme-Spreewald. In September 2002, eight municipalities of the Märkische Heide office merged to form the new municipality of Märkische Heide. However, the merger only became legally effective on October 26, 2003. The remaining nine municipalities of the Märkische Heide office, including Pretschen, were incorporated into the Märkische Heide municipality by law on October 26, 2003. Since then, Pretschen has been part of the Märkische Heide community in the Dahme-Spreewald district.

Church history

Pretschen had a church in the 14th century and was probably the mother church. The medieval church building was destroyed at the end of the 16th century. In 1584 a new church was built. This church building was replaced in 1893 by a new building in neo-Romanesque style . From 1718 to 1930 Pretschen was a subsidiary of Wittmannsdorf.

Monuments and sights

The list of monuments of the state of Brandenburg for the district of Dahme-Spreewald lists a whole series of architectural and ground monuments.

Soil monuments

  • No. 12503 Corridor 1,2,3: village center German Middle Ages, tower hill German Middle Ages, tower hill, modern time, stone cross modern time, cemetery modern time, cemetery German middle ages, stone cross German middle ages, village core new time, church German middle ages, church modern time
  • No. 12504 Corridor 3: Prehistory settlement , Stone Age rest and work area, Mesolithic rest and work area, Neolithic settlement
  • No. 12505 Corridor 3: Stone Age rest and work area, Prehistory settlement
  • No. 12506 Corridor 3: Stone Age rest and work area, Prehistory settlement
  • No. 12507 Hallway 4: Prehistory settlement, Iron Age settlement, Slavic Middle Ages settlement, Bronze Age settlement
  • No. 12508 Corridor 3: Prehistory settlement, Stone Age rest and work area
  • No. 12509 Corridor 2: Prehistory settlement, Stone Age rest and work area
  • No. 12510 Hall 3: Mesolithic resting and working area, Stone Age resting and working area, Neolithic settlement
  • No. 12511 Hallway 2: Iron Age settlement, Bronze Age settlement
  • No. 12512 Hallway 2: Iron Age settlement, Bronze Age settlement, Slavic Middle Ages settlement

Architectural monuments

Former distillery on Gut Pretschen
  • No. 09140619 Am Grod 8 Gutsförsterei "Weinberg", consisting of a residential building with a cellar and a farm building
  • No. 09140256 Am Landgut 1–2, Hinter Dieck 2 Pretschen estate with mansion, park with ice cellar, estate consisting of a manager's house, distillery including its historical technical equipment, coach house, calf shed, cattle shed with milk chamber, drive-through barn [structural shell] with barn chamber, pigsty , the so-called carriage halls, horse stables, farm buildings, including the open spaces of the estate with enclosures as well as the gardener's house with half-timbered barn and the gardening area

Remains of medieval fortifications lie under the manor house, which was built in its current form in 1852. The original steam engine is still in the operational distillery, which was built in 1848. In the distillery, rye was distilled into raw alcohol until 2001 .

  • No. 09140329 Pretschener Anger 26a Village church with two stone crosses (atonement crosses)

The village church of Pretschen was built in 1893 as a brick building. Inside there are stained glass windows from the construction period, donated by the church patroness Ernestine von Voss, née. Paschke. Two stone atonement crosses from the Middle Ages can be seen in front of the church.

  • No. 09140035 Pretschener Anger 27 House with courtyard buildings

Only a few half-timbered houses have survived near the church.

Nature and conservation

Storks , wild geese and cranes live in the area, which is part of the Spreewald biosphere reserve , as well as rarer species such as kingfisher , otter and raccoon dog .

Tourism and commerce

The "Europe Hiking Trail" and the " Gurken Cycle Trail " lead through Pretschen . In addition to Landgut Pretschen GmbH, only one farmer operates agriculture. Until 1990, however, the place was predominantly agricultural. The Pretschen estate, a former manor and former state- owned company , has been a member of the Demeter cultivation association since 1999 .

literature

  • Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Mark Brandenburg and the Markgrafthum Nieder-Lausitz. Volume 3, Adolph Müller, Brandenburg 1855 ( online at Google Books ) (hereinafter abbreviated to Berghaus, Landbuch, 3 with the corresponding page number)
  • Götz Freiherr von Houwald : The Niederlausitz manors and their owners. Volume III: District of Lübben. Verlag Degener & Co., owner Gerhard Gessner, Neustadt an der Aisch 1984, ISBN 3-7686-4109-0 (hereinafter Houwald, Rittergüter, 3 with corresponding page number).
  • Rudolf Lehmann : Historical local lexicon of Niederlausitz. Volume 1, Hessisches Landesamt für Geschichtliche Landeskunde, Marburg 1979, ISBN 3-921254-96-5 (in the following abbreviated Historisches Ortslexikon Niederlausitz, 1 with corresponding page number).
  • Woldemar Lippert : Document book of the city of Lübben. III. Volume: The documents of the city and the office of Lübben, the gentlemen Zauche, Pretschen and Leuthen. Publishing house of the Wilhelm and Bertha von Baensch Foundation, Dresden 1933 (hereinafter abbreviated to Lippert Urkundenbuch III, with corresponding page number).
  • Adolph Friedrich Riedel : Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis : Collection of documents, chronicles and other source documents. Part 1 (A), Volume 20, Reimer, Berlin 1861 (hereinafter abbreviated to Riedel, Codex Diplomaticus Brandenburgensis, A 20, with the corresponding page number)

Web links

Commons : Pretschen  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Main statutes of the municipality of Märkische Heide from February 17, 2009, PDF ( Memento of the original from December 17, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.maerkische-heide.de
  2. ↑ Pretschen wins silver for Brandenburg
  3. ↑ Ernst Eichler : The place names of Niederlausitz. VEB Domowina publishing house, Bautzen 1975, p. 89.
  4. ↑ a b Friedrich Wilhelm August Bratring: Statistical-topographical description of the entire Mark Brandenburg: for statisticians, businessmen, especially for camera operators. Volume 2: Containing the Mittelmark and Uckermark. Maurer, Berlin 1805, online at Google Books , p. 454.
  5. ^ Riedel, Codex Diplomaticus Brandenburgensis, A 20, p. 502 Online at Google Books
  6. ^ August Schumann (continued by Albert Schiffner): Complete State, Post and Newspaper Lexicon of Saxony. Volume 14: Ahe-Bückgen. Zwickau, Gebr. Schumann 1827, online at Google Books , p. 678.
  7. ↑ Page no longer available , search in web archives: BrandenburgViewer: Windmühle (longer loading time!)@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / isk.geobasis-bb.de
  8. ↑ Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Frankfurth ad O. G. Hayn, Berlin 1820, p. 202.
  9. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government of Potsdam and the City of Berlin. Born in 1835, extra sheet for issue 41 of October 2, 1835, online at Google Books , p. 510.
  10. ^ JC Müller: Handbook to the Atlas of Prussia in 27 maps; or a geographical-statistical-topographical description of the Prussian monarchy and a list of all localities of the same; Half 2: Complete list of all cities, towns, villages, hamlets, colonies of Pustkowien, farmsteads, courtyards, mills, individual houses, with details of the fireplace and number of inhabitants, the government district, district, court district, office and rulership, military District, the parish, the nearest post office, as well as everything that the place offers anything strange of general interest, Volume 1: Complete geographical-statistical-topographical dictionary of the Prussian state: A - E. Müller, Erfurt 1835, online at Google Books
  11. ↑ Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Frankfurt ad O. Gustav Harnecker's bookstore, Frankfurt a. Cit. 1844, online at Google Books , p. 173.
  12. ↑ a b August von Sellentin: Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Potsdam and the city of Berlin. Sander, Berlin 1841, p. 254.
  13. ^ Sabine Bohle-Heintzenberg, Manfred Hamm: Architecture & Beauty: the Schinkel School in Berlin and Brandenburg. Transit, Berlin 1997, snippet at Google Books , p. 224.
  14. ↑ Ingrid Reisinger, Walter Reisinger: Well-known, unknown and forgotten manor houses and manor houses in the state of Brandenburg. An inventory. Volume 1, Stapp Verlag, Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-87776-082-6 , pp. 44-45.
  15. ↑ a b c Wilhelm Heinrich Riehl, J. Scheu: Berlin and the Mark Brandenburg with the Markgrafthum Nieder-Lausitz in their history and in their present existence. J. Scheu, Berlin 1861, online at Google Books
  16. ↑ a b Berghaus, Landbuch 3, p. 671 .
  17. ↑ a b Historisches Ortslexikon Niederlausitz, 1, pp. 214–215.
  18. ↑ Topographical-statistical manual of the government district of Frankfurt a. O. Verlag von Gustav Harnecker u. Co., Frankfurt a. Cit. 1867, online at Google Books , p. 201.
  19. ↑ a b P. Ellerholz, H. Lodemann, H. von Wedell: General address book of manor and estate owners in the German Empire. I. Kingdom of Prussia. I. Delivery to the province of Brandenburg. Nicolaische Verlags-Buchhandlung R. Stricker, Berlin 1879, PDF , p. 237.
  20. ↑ Contribution to the statistics of the State Office for Data Processing and Statistics, Historical Community Directory of the State of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005 19.3 District Dahme-Spreewald, PDF
  21. ↑ Pretschen wins with strong cohesion and commitment. In: Berliner Morgenpost . July 27, 2013.
  22. ↑ a b Lippert, Urkundenbuch, III, p. 56.
  23. ↑ Lippert, Urkundenbuch, III, p. 17.
  24. ↑ Lippert, Urkundenbuch, III, p. 49.
  25. ↑ Lippert, Urkundenbuch, III, p. 47.
  26. ↑ a b Lippert, Urkundenbuch, III, p. 54.
  27. ^ Lippert, Urkundenbuch, III, pp. 5–7.
  28. ↑ Lippert, Urkundenbuch, III, p. 110.
  29. ↑ Lippert, Urkundenbuch, III, p. 132.
  30. ^ Lippert, Urkundenbuch, III, p. 145.
  31. ^ Lippert, Urkundenbuch, III, p. 186.
  32. ^ Lippert, Urkundenbuch, III, p. 235.
  33. ^ Lippert, Urkundenbuch, III, p. 251.
  34. ^ Riedel, Codex Diplomaticus Brandenburgensis, A 20, p. 503 Online at Google Books
  35. ^ Riedel, Codex Diplomaticus Brandenburgensis, A 20, p. 511 Online at Google Books
  36. ↑ Lippert, Urkundenbuch, III, p. 252.
  37. ↑ Lippert, Urkundenbuch, III, p. 271.
  38. ↑ a b c Lippert, Urkundenbuch, III, p. 236.
  39. ^ A b c Carl von Eickstedt: Contributions to a newer land book of the Brandenburg brands: Prelates, knights, cities, fiefdoms, or horse service and fiefdom. Creutz, Magdeburg 1840, online at Google Books , p. 19. (While Houwld only mentions the two brothers Melchior and Leonhard, three brothers v. Langen can be found in Eickstedt)
  40. ^ Siegmund Wilhelm Wohlbrück : History of the former diocese of Lebus and the country of this taking. Second part. self-published by the author, Berlin 1829, p. 446.
  41. ^ Berliner Revue, Volume 11, p. 408. Online at Google Books
  42. ↑ Adolf Wilhelm Ernst von Winterfeld: History of the Knightly Order of St. Johannis from the Hospital in Jerusalem: with special consideration of the Brandenburg Balli or the Sonnenburg Lordship. Berendt, Berlin 1859, online at Google Books , p. 782
  43. ^ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Swearing-in of the administrator of Pretschen and Wittmannsdorf, Gustav Heros. 1683
  44. ^ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Lease of the Pretschen and Wittmannsdorf goods by Ludwig Reichsgraf von Blumenthal to the locksmith Georg Graßmann. 1703-1704
  45. ↑ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: reports from the leaseholder of Pretschen and Wittmannsdorf, Ludwig Eckardt, to the von Blumenthal family on economic issues. 1708-1718
  46. ^ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Economic affairs of Pretschen and Wittmannsdorf under the tenant Johann Andreas Kreiselmeyer. 1723-1725
  47. ^ Houwald, Rittergüter, 3, p. 281.
  48. ^ German gender book (Genealogisches Handbuch bürgerlicher Familien), Volume 158, 1971, p. 275, snippets from Google Books
  49. ^ Karlheinz Gerlach: The Freemasons in Old Prussia 1738–1806. The boxes between the middle Oder and the Lower Rhine. Volume 1, StudienVerlag, 2007, p. 310, snippets at Google Books
  50. ↑ Topography of the lower courts of the Kurmark Brandenburg and the associated parts of the country. Oehmigke, Berlin 1837, online at Google Books , p. 4.
  51. ^ Official Journal of the Government of Frankfurt ad Oder. Extraordinary supplement to Official Gazette No. 41 of the Royal Prussian Government in Frankfurt ad O. of October 8, 1856, online at Google Books (p. 19; unfortunately bad copy, text is cut off on the left)
  52. ↑ Dresdner Journal and Anzeiger. No. 200 of July 22, 1849, online at Google Books , p. 1601.
  53. ^ Karl Friedrich Rauer: Hand register of the manors represented in all circles of the Prussian state on district and state parliaments. Reinhold Kühn, Berlin 1857, online at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf , p. 112.
  54. ^ Berghaus, Landbuch 3, p. 672 .
  55. ^ Address book for merchants, manufacturers and tradespeople in Brandenburg and Berlin. Verlag C. Leuchs & Comp., Nuremberg, 1877 (Volume 8 of the 31-volume new edition of the large address book of all countries in the world) Online at Goole Books , p. 4.
  56. ^ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: correspondence, reports and instructions on the management of the provincial estates Pretschen and Sarkow. 1945-1950
  57. ↑ Formation of the offices of Niemegk and Märkische Heide. Announcement of the Minister of the Interior of October 29, 1992. In: Official Journal for Brandenburg. Joint ministerial journal for the state of Brandenburg. Volume 3, number 94, December 8, 1992, p. 2128.
  58. ^ Formation of a new community in Märkische Heide. Announcement of the Ministry of the Interior of September 4, 2002. In: Official Journal for Brandenburg. Joint ministerial journal for the state of Brandenburg. Volume 13, number 39, September 18, 2002, p. 843, PDF .
  59. ↑ Sixth law on state-wide municipal reform concerning the districts of Dahme-Spreewald, Elbe-Elster, Oberspreewald-Lausitz, Oder-Spree and Spree-Neiße (6th GemGebRefGBbg) of March 24, 2003 . In: Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Brandenburg, I (Laws). 2003, No. 05, p. 93.
  60. ↑ List of monuments of the state of Brandenburg. District of Dahme-Spreewald. Status: December 31, 2016, PDF ( Memento of the original from July 16, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bldam-brandenburg.de
  61. ^ Jens Eschrich in Dehio, Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler , Brandenburg , Deutscher Kunstverlag , Munich Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-422-03054-9 , p. 892.