Zell (Hilpoltstein)

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Cell
City of Hilpoltstein
Coordinates: 49 ° 8 ′ 29 ″  N , 11 ° 11 ′ 12 ″  E
Height : 393 m
Residents : 497
Incorporation : January 1, 1972
Postal code : 91161
Area code : 09177
Zell (Bavaria)
Cell

Location of Zell in Bavaria

Zell is a parish village and part of the town of Hilpoltstein in the Middle Franconian district of Roth in Bavaria .

location

Zell is about 5 kilometers south of Hilpoltstein on the south-eastern edge of the Central Franconian Basin . The Roth , a right tributary of the Rednitz , runs past the village to the east .

At the beginning of the 19th century and the middle of the 20th century, the town hall was about 225 hectares .

history

The place name suggests a church foundation. Bishop Agan von Eichstätt is said to have consecrated a church to St. Walburgis between 806 and 822, which cannot be documented .

It is likely that Zell was first documented in 1169, when an Otto de Celle also attested to a certificate of exchange from the Eichstättisch-Episcopal; However, today's Wasserzell near Eichstätt could also be considered. 1186 is a "Celle" named among those goods that Pope Urban III. confirmed as possession to the cathedral chapter of Eichstätt; it belongs to those places in the document that cannot be determined with certainty. The local nobility seat of the Lords of Celle / Zell was located near the church and around 1600, as the drawing on a map from 1604 shows, had the shape of a pond . The "Celler" seated there are mentioned in a document until 1325 - provided that the names of "Celle" actually refer to today's Zell. In 1472 the Jahrsdorfer , a ministerial family of the Reichsministeriale zu Hilpoltstein, are mentioned for the first time as the owners of Zell. Through the efforts of one of them, Hans von Jahrsdorf , Zell, originally a branch of the original parish of Laibstadt , was elevated to a parish in 1480, which was also affiliated with Hofstetten as a branch; the tombstone of the deceased in 1497 has been preserved in fragments in the Zell church. He and his housewife Veronika gave the pastor of Zell their small tenth, acquired from the Eichstätter cathedral chapter, of Niederrödl with the pond in the Weitenbach; To endow the parish, they gave fields, meadows, a piece of wood (forest), a house with a barn and a garden with a fish pit. When the parish was raised, the community of Zell was obliged to hold a procession to Laibstadt twice a year. The Jahrsdorf family received the patronage rights to Zell as Eichstätter fiefs and after them the Zeller Hofmarksherren; it fell to the prince-bishop with the death of court lord Wolf Bernhard Silbermann, who had been sitting here since 1680, and was later perceived alternately by the prince-bishop and the count palatine.

The pledge of the Palatinate-Neuburg office of Hilpoltstein by Count Palatine Ottheinrich to the imperial city of Nuremberg in 1542 brought about the Reformation in the same year . In 1627, the Counter Reformation made Zell a Catholic parish again; the Hofstetten branch was repared to Hilpoltstein in 1907. In 1612, still in Protestant times, the sacristan set up a school in Zell. In 1636, the imperial lord Otto von Jahrsdorf, who was in distress, sells one or two bells from the parish church in Zell. The parish, vacated as a result of the Thirty Years' War , was reoccupied in 1665. In 1671 the rulers built a new parsonage and in 1675 a new school and sacristan's house (that is, as the sources say).

From 1702 to 1777 a Protestant branch of the von Preysing zu Neu- and Altpreysing family owned the Hofmark Zell. Christian Friedrich von Preysing († 1745) expanded the rectory in 1733, which invaded in 1831 and was rebuilt in 1834. After him, Philipp Ernst von Zehmen owned the Hofmark on Nordeck. Under him, the church was equipped with a plaster ceiling with frescoes in 1752, so it was baroque . In 1816 half of the church tower was rebuilt and a sacristy was added under Hofmarkherr Franz Karl von Strasser and his son-in-law Friderich von Boller, who was ennobled in 1816.

Towards the end of the Old Kingdom , around 1800, Zell consisted of 27 subject properties; 24 belonged to the Palatinate Hofmark Zell, three to the Palatinate-Neuburgian district judge Hilpoltstein. The high level of jurisdiction exercised the Palatinate-Neuburgische care office Heideck . The lower jurisdiction, the local court, belonged to the Patrimonial Court II. Class of the respective court lord, established in 1816 ; this comprised Zell, Tiefenbach , Oberrödel and the Lochmühle and existed under the court lord Wilhelm von Hornberg until 1848.

In the new Kingdom of Bavaria (1806), Zell and its castle became part of the Unterrödel tax district . The castle was rebuilt from 1822 to 1824 under Friedrich von Boller. Around 1867 a Miss Mayerhofer acquired this for her religious community and established an educational institute here, whose house chapel was designated in 1867. In 1872 the Regens-Wagner-Stiftung zu Dillingen an der Donau bought the castle and in May 1872 opened the Zell institution for deaf and dumb women and girls as a branch of the Dillingen institution, managed by the Dillingen Franciscan Sisters . Their tasks around 1937 were: “Vocational training, supervision and Care of the deaf and mute in parament embroidery , white sewing , in house u. Agriculture. Plus a kindergarten . ”Non-church associations also had flags embroidered here . In addition, restoration work was carried out on historical tapestries . An institution chapel was built in 1876 and painted in 1877 by the Enkeringen pastor Sabastian Mutzl ; he also created numerous designs for the parament embroidery there. Today the parish church is also the institutional church. In 1875 four horses, 68 cattle, 23 pigs and 22 goats were kept in the parish village with a castle. In 1904, according to the official census, the livestock consisted of three horses, 97 cattle, 63 pigs and 27 goats; In other places too, pig farming had grown rapidly in the last quarter of the 19th century.

In 1961 Zell had an elementary school; the institution for the deaf and dumb had a school for the deaf and dumb and a vocational school. Even today, Zell is supported by schools (Förderzentrum Zell - School for the Hearing Impaired), by "Regens-Wagner Zell" as a center for people with hearing impairments (with housing, day care, school preparation facilities for hearing impaired children, with school and training, with a workshop and workshop shop as well with open help and a summer festival in June).

On January 1, 1972, the municipality of Zell was incorporated into the town of Hilpoltstein as part of the municipal reform.

Residents

  • 1818: 177 (34 "fire places" = property, 40 families)
  • 1836: 179 (37 properties)
  • 1861: 221 (including 12 Protestants; 58 buildings, 1 castle, 1 church)
  • 1875: 186 (including 4 Protestants; 58 buildings, 43 residential buildings)
  • 1904: 269 (including 19 Protestants; 37 residential buildings)
  • 1937: 357 (including 7 Protestants)
  • 1950: 422 (37 residential buildings; institution for the deaf and dumb)
  • 1961: 421 (40 residential buildings)
  • 1973: 420
  • 1978: 422 (37 residential buildings)
  • 1987: 513 (85 residential buildings, 99 apartments)
  • Around 2015: 497

Catholic parish church of St. Walburga

Catholic parish church St. Walburga

This was rebuilt in place of the previous church, which was provided with a new roof structure in 1853, was extended and equipped with a new organ and new bells (1875) by the architect Professor Otto Schulz in Nuremberg in 1923/24. The equipment from the demolished previous church was reused. The two-column high altar from 1771–1789 (late rococo ) shows a figure of Walburga from around 1480 under drapery . The side altars, created around 1730, have later additions; on the left there is a late Gothic figure of Mary from around 1500. The pulpit, created around 1700, shows "original" portraits of the evangelists . In 1925 a new Bittner organ with 13 registers came into the church. In 1937 three bells hung in the tower, cast in 1875, 1925 and 1926.

In 1904 a Lourdes grotto was built in the cemetery that was enlarged opposite the church in 1875 .

Architectural monuments

In addition to the church of St. Walburga, the following are listed as architectural monuments:

  • A wing of the former castle, integrated into the institution for the deaf and dumb, which has existed since 1872,
  • the rectory from 1834, a two-storey sandstone block building with a hipped roof ,
  • the former inn, also a two-storey sandstone block building with a hipped roof from the first third of the 19th century, as well
  • the door wall on the house in Zell H 18, marked 1853.

Others

  • Herbal labyrinth of the Regens-Wagner-Foundation for people with and without disabilities

traffic

Zell is about six kilometers west of the A 9 motorway , which can be reached via the Hilpoltstein (AS 56) driveway.

literature

  • Johann Georg Hieri: The institution for the deaf and dumb Zell, Freiburg i. Br. 1912
  • Wolfgang Wiessner: Historical Atlas of Bavaria. Part Franconia, series I, issue 24: Hilpoltstein. Munich 1978
  • Franz Heidingsfelder (arr.): The Regesta of the Bishops of Eichstätt , Erlangen: Palm & Enke 1938
  • Felix Mader (arr.): The art monuments of Bavaria. Middle Franconia administrative region. III. District office Hilpoltstein , Munich 1929, reprint Munich / Vienna 1983
  • Cell . In: Franz Xaver Buchner: The Diocese of Eichstätt, Volume II: Eichstätt 1938, pp. 813–820

Web links

Commons : Zell (Hilpoltstein)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Franz Tichy: Geographical Land Survey: The natural spatial units on sheet 163 Nuremberg. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1973. →  Online map (PDF; 4 MB)
  2. ↑ Wiessner, p. 41
  3. ↑ a b c Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official city directory for Bavaria, territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census . Issue 260 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1964, DNB  453660959 , Section II, Sp. 798 ( digitized version ).
  4. ↑ a b Buchner, p. 813
  5. ↑ Heidingsfelder, p. 141 (No. 446)
  6. ^ Pastoral sheet of the diocese of Eichstätt, No. 49 of December 8, 1860, p. 210; Heidingsfelder, p. 151 (No. 473)
  7. ↑ Mader, p. 318
  8. ↑ Wiessner, pp. 19, 127, 146, 159; Mader, p. 320
  9. ↑ a b Wiessner, p. 175; Buchner, p. 813 f.
  10. ↑ Buchner, p. 814
  11. ↑ Buchner, p. 815 f.
  12. ↑ Wiessner, p. 238; Königlich-Baierisches Intellektivenblatt for the Upper Danube District, Eichstätt, March 30, 1816, Col. 273 f .; Georg Döllinger; Area of ​​activity of the patrimonial courts, 2nd class , Augsburg 1845, p. 53
  13. ↑ a b c Wiessner, p. 258
  14. ↑ Buchner, p. 820
  15. ↑ Claudia Grund: The Eichstätt Cathedral in the 19th Century , Wiesbaden 1992, p. 37
  16. ↑ Susanne Peither: Sebastian Mutzl. An Eichstatt Nazarene . In: Collection sheet of the Histor. Eichstätt Association 84 (1991), p. 132
  17. ↑ Buchner, p. 816 f.
  18. ↑ a b Kgl. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to districts, administrative districts, court districts and municipalities, including parish, school and post office affiliation ... with an alphabetical general register containing the population according to the results of the census of December 1, 1875 . Adolf Ackermann, Munich 1877, 2nd section (population figures from 1871, cattle figures from 1873), Sp. 892 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00052489-4 ( digitized ).
  19. ↑ a b K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Directory of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria, with alphabetical register of places . LXV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1904, Section II, Sp. 1222 ( digitized version ).
  20. ↑ hilpoltstein.de
  21. ↑ a b hilpoltstein.de
  22. ↑ Alphabetical index of all the localities contained in the Rezatkkreis according to its constitution by the newest organization: with indication of a. the tax districts, b. Judicial Districts, c. Rent offices in which they are located, then several other statistical notes . Ansbach 1818, p. 196 ( digitized version ).
  23. ↑ Th. D. Popp: Register of the Bissthumes Eichstätt . Eichstätt: Ph. Brönner 1836, p. 165 (No. 199)
  24. ^ Joseph Heyberger, Chr. Schmitt, v. Wachter: Topographical-statistical manual of the Kingdom of Bavaria with an alphabetical local dictionary . In: K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Bavaria. Regional and folklore of the Kingdom of Bavaria . tape 5 . Literary and artistic establishment of the JG Cotta'schen Buchhandlung, Munich 1867, Sp. 716 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb10374496-4 ( digitized version ).
  25. ↑ Buchner, p. 818
  26. ↑ Wiessner, p. 18
  27. ↑ Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing (Ed.): Official local directory for Bavaria, territorial status: May 25, 1987 . Issue 450 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich November 1991, DNB  94240937X , p. 348 ( digitized version ).
  28. ↑ Buchner, p. 816
  29. ↑ Mader, p. 320; Georg Dehio: Handbook of the German art monuments. Bavaria I: Franconia. 2nd, revised and supplemented edition, Munich: Deutscher Kunstverlag 1999, p. 1232
  30. ↑ Buchner, p. 817 f.
  31. ↑ Buchner, p. 817
  32. ↑ Kerstin Söder: 111 places in the Franconian Lake District that you have to see , Emons-Verlag 2015, No. 51