Football in Paris
The beginnings of football in Paris lie in the western part of the French capital. The game developed particularly in and around the 16th arrondissement , in which, among other things, the Parc des Princes (opened in 1897, it used to be the home of the Stade Français and at times the Racing Club and now Paris Saint-Germain FC ) and the directly neighboring Stade Jean-Bouin (original home ground of the CASG ). It is no coincidence that the 16th arrondissement, located on the edge of the Bois de Boulogne , is the classiest district in Paris, which in turn shows that football in the French capital was initially reserved for the better circles.
Other clubs in the 16th arrondissement
Other historically significant clubs that were at least temporarily based in the 16th arrondissement are Standard AC (the club founded in 1892 by British people living in Paris is considered one of France's football pioneers and won the first Paris city championship in 1894) and Étoile des Deux Lacs (The club named after the two ponds in the Bois de Boulogne was created in 1898 within the Catholic parish of Saint-Honoré-d'Eylau and won the championship of the Catholic football association FGSPF several times before the First World War).
How it all started
The aforementioned Standard AC was the first great football pioneer in the French capital, as it won the Paris City Championship, which was held for the first time in 1894, and was able to successfully defend the title the following year. Three more successes came in the years 1897, 1898 and 1901. At that time, his venue was in the Bois de Boulogne, not far from the Porte Dauphine . In 1922 the club moved to the suburb of Meudon, southwest of Paris .
Another pioneer of capital city football and a serious competitor for Standard was the White Rovers team, which was also founded by the British in 1891 and was runner-up in the first four events of the capital city championship (1894 to 1897). Subsequently, however, the club, which is based in the suburb of Courbevoie north of the Bois de Boulogne, went downhill rapidly and it was dissolved as early as 1899.
The British dominance within these two clubs, which were open to all nations, provoked a French reaction, which resulted in the establishment of the Club Français in 1892 . This association, which is only open to the French was, by students of the 8th arrondissement located Collège Chaptal and located in the 16th arrondissement Lyceum Janson de Sailly been launched. The Club Français, like the aforementioned clubs Standard and White Rovers, was one of the founding members of the capital league and won the capital championship in 1896, 1899, 1900 and the championship of the LFA association in 1918. In addition, the Club Français was the first series winner of the Coupe Manier, which was held for the first time in 1897 (1897, 1898, 1899, 1900, 1901 and 1903). The club also represented France at the 1900 Olympic football tournament . After winning the Cup in 1931, the club was one of the founding members of the French professional league in 1932 , but soon withdrew from professional football and dissolved in 1940.
The spread of football in Paris
After football gained a foothold in west Paris, it quickly spread across the city. 1895 was Olympique Pantin in located on the northeastern outskirts Pantin (Master of the LFA in 1916 and Cup Winners 1918), a year later, the Gallia Club (the club won in 1905 the championship of the USFSA) and around the turn of the century was Patronage Olier (various titles gains 1908 to 1914 in the championship organized by the FGSPF) as an association of a Catholic parish in the 14th arrondissement in the south of Paris.
One of the socially and historically most important clubs outside of the 16th arrondissement, however, took place in 1897 in the Quartier du Gros-Caillou in the 7th arrondissement with Red Star FC . The first home games were played on a lawn of the Champ de Mars , located directly next to the Eiffel Tower in the same quarter . The "golden era" of Red Star FC was the 1920s when it won the French Cup four times. At that time, however, the association was already based in the industrial suburb of Saint-Ouen , which borders Paris to the north , where it has resided since 1910. Although the club had crashed into the sixth division in the meantime (currently, however, he was playing in the second division again and only just missed promotion to Ligue 1 in the 2015/16 season ) and had a correspondingly meager number of visitors in recent years, he is still considered one of the most popular clubs in Paris, with attractive opponents (48,000 against AS Saint-Étienne in the second division season 1998/99 and 50,000 in a cup game of the 2011/12 season against Olympique Marseille ) in the then required national stadium in neighboring Saint-Denis can boast correspondingly high visitor numbers.
Red Star would be the most suitable club for at least a small local opposing position, both in terms of its potentially existing following, which is mainly recruited from the north of Paris, and in terms of its recent positive sporting development (only Paris second division team in the 2016/17 season) to the currently overpowering PSG.
Another (formerly large) club in Parisian football is the Racing Club , which was founded in 1882 by students from the Condorcet Lyceum in the 9th arrondissement , and whose football department was launched in 1896. Racing moved into its Croix-Catelan sports facility in the Bois de Boulogne (16th arrondissement) in 1885 and later the Stade Olympique Yves-du-Manoir in the Paris industrial suburb of Colombes , northwest of Paris and north of the Bois de Boulogne. In the 1935/36 season, the Racing Club was the first Paris club to win the French professional football championship. He is also the only capital club that has managed to do this alongside PSG.
The French football championship
Amateur era
The first football championship in France was held in 1893/94 and hosted by the USFSA . In the first five years, the championship was limited to the greater Paris area and from 1898/99 other regions of the country were added. The USFSA all-France championship was won only occasionally by a Parisian club: 1900/01 by Standard AC (which had also won four of the first five Paris City Championships), 1904/05 by the Gallia Club, 1906/07 by the Racing Club and during the first Several times from the CASG during World War I
From 1904/05 onwards, other associations emerged that held their own championships independently of the USFSA. It began with the parallel championship of the Catholic Association FGSPF, which was won in the first two seasons by Étoile des Deux Lacs. In the first 1904/05 season, an overall winner was held between the two associations and, surprisingly, the "church team" was able to prevail against city rivals Gallia from the larger and stronger USFSA.
From the 1906/07 season, the newly founded umbrella organization Comité Français Interfédéral (CFI) announced the Trophée de France, a competition in which all existing and soon to be newly founded associations took part, with the exception of the USFSA. With the exception of the Trophée de France, which was last held in the 1913/14 season, the winners of this competition came exclusively from Paris: Étoile des Deux Lacs (1907 and 1912), Patronage Olier (1908 and 1910) and CA Paris (1911 and 1913 ) won twice ) and once - but without a fight (!) - the JA Saint-Ouen (1909).
During the First World War, championships of the various associations continued to be held completely independently of the CFI. The USFSA even held two competitions a year: the Coupe des Allies and the Coupe Nationale . In the seasons 1914/15 to 1916/17, five of these six tournaments were won by CASG Paris. The LFA tournaments were won by Olympique Pantin in 1916 and 1917, Club Français in 1918 and Red Star in 1919. Étoile des Deux Lacs was successful in the FGSPF tournament in 1916, UA 20e Paris won the FCAF championship that same year and AS Française won the Coupe Interfédérale in 1917 .
After no national championships were held between 1919/20 and 1925/26, the CA Paris won the 1926/27 and the Stade Français in 1927/28.
Professional epoch
In the 1932/33 season the French professional football championship started with 20 clubs, four of which came from Paris: the Racing Club, the Club Français, Red Star and Cercle Athlétique. In order to reduce the league to 14 clubs in 1933/34, six teams were relegated, including Red Star and Club Français, which soon disbanded due to financial problems. A year later, Cercle Athlétique was relegated, while Red Star succeeded in immediate resurgence. Racing and Red Star represented the capital in the top division for the next four seasons and in the 1935/36 season Racing won the French football championship - as the first and only capital club in professional football before the appearance of PSG, which is now overpowering in Paris.
While there was the most constant rivalry between Racing and Red Star in Paris in the 1930s, Stade Français was added as the third club in the late 1940s and developed into the main rival of Racing in the early 1950s and again later in the early 1960s, while Red Star did not play first-class between 1948 and 1965, but represented the capital alone in the top division between 1967 and 1971. In the 1971/72 season, PSG appeared for the first time in the first division, but was replaced at the green table by Paris FC a year later. The PSG managed to return to the top division in 1974 and then only had to deal with falling competitors from their own city (Red Star 1974/75 and Paris FC 1978/79) for a short time before the 1980s Once again the Racing Club was preparing to "annoy" the PSG. After he had to relegate at the end of the 1989/90 season, there were no more competitors from their own city in the top division for the PSG.
Overview of the Paris clubs in the top division
The table below shows which Paris clubs played first class in which season. There was not a single season in which at least one capital club was not represented in the top division. If two or more clubs played in the first division, the derby results are also mentioned. The team that is better placed in the final table of the respective season is always named first. From the perspective of the former team, the first result represents the home game and the second result represents the away game. Only in the opening season 1932/33 were four Paris clubs represented in the first division. However, they did not all play against each other because the league was still divided into two seasons at the time. The seasons 1939/40 to 1944/45 have no official status and are therefore not taken into account.
| season | Paris clubs | Paris derbies | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1932/33 | Racing Club , CA Paris , Red Star Olympique , Club Français | Racing Club - Club Français 4: 1, 5: 5 CA Paris - Red Star 2: 2, 4: 3 |
Red Star and Club Français are relegated. |
| 1933/34 | Racing Club , CA Paris | Racing Club - CA Paris 4-1, 4-1 | CA Paris is relegated and Red Star promoted. |
| 1934/35 | Racing Club , Red Star Olympique | Racing Club - Red Star 2-2, 2-1 | |
| 1935/36 | Racing Club , Red Star Olympique | Racing Club - Red Star 4-1, 4-1 | The Racing Club wins its only professional championship. |
| 1936/37 | Racing Club , Red Star Olympique | Racing Club - Red Star 4-2, 0-2 | |
| 1937/38 | Racing Club , Red Star Olympique | Racing Club - Red Star 4-1, 4-1 | Red Star is relegated for the second time. |
| 1938/39 | Racing Club | For the first time, Paris is represented by only one team in the first division. | |
| 1945/46 | Racing Club , Red Star Olympique | Racing Club - Red Star 1-0, 1-0 | Stade Français rise. |
| 1946/47 | Stade Français , Red Star Olympique , Racing Club | Stade Français - Red Star 0: 1, 0: 2 Stade Français - Racing Club 2: 2, 2: 4, Red Star - Racing Club 1: 3, 2: 1 |
For the first time since the opening season, more than two teams will represent the capital in the first division. |
| 1947/48 | Stade Français , Racing Club , Red Star Olympique | Stade Français - Racing Club 1: 0, 1: 5 Stade Français - Red Star 4: 0, 7: 0, Racing Club - Red Star 2: 1, 3: 1 |
Red Star is relegated for the third time. |
| 1948/49 | Racing Club , Stade Français | Racing Club - Stade Français 4-0, 0-1 | |
| 1949/50 | Racing Club , Stade Français | Racing Club - Stade Français 2: 1, 1: 2 | |
| 1950/51 | Racing Club , Stade Français | Racing Club - Stade Français 1: 1, 3: 0 | |
| 1951/52 | Racing Club | ||
| 1952/53 | Stade Français , Racing Club | Stade Français - Racing Club 5-0, 2-2 | The Racing Club as the only remaining Parisian founding member of the professional league is relegated for the first time. |
| 1953/54 | Stade Français | Stade Français are relegated and the Racing Club promoted. | |
| 1954/55 | Racing Club | ||
| 1955/56 | Racing Club | ||
| 1956/57 | Racing Club | ||
| 1957/58 | Racing Club | ||
| 1958/59 | Racing Club | Stade Français return to the first division. | |
| 1959/60 | Racing Club , Stade Français | Racing Club - Stade Français 1: 1, 3: 3 | |
| 1960/61 | Racing Club , Stade Français | Racing Club - Stade Français 3: 1, 3: 3 | |
| 1961/62 | Racing Club , Stade Français | Racing Club - Stade Français 3-1, 0-2 | |
| 1962/63 | Racing Club , Stade Français | Racing Club - Stade Français 0-2, 2-1 | |
| 1963/64 | Stade Français , Racing Club | Stade Français - Racing Club 2: 3, 2: 3 | The Racing Club is relegated for the second time. |
| 1964/65 | Stade Français | Red Star returns to the first division. | |
| 1965/66 | Stade Français , Red Star | Stade Français - Red Star 1: 1, 5: 1 | Red Star is relegated for the fourth time. |
| 1966/67 | Racing Paris-Sedan , Stade Paris FC | RC Paris-Sedan - Stade Français 0-0, 1-1 | The Racing Club plays in a syndicate with UA Sedan-Torcy and Stade Français changes its name to Stade Paris FC and is relegated at the end of the season. Red Star rises. |
| 1967/68 | Red Star | For the next four seasons, Red Star is the only Paris first division club. | |
| 1968/69 | Red Star | ||
| 1969/70 | Red Star | ||
| 1970/71 | Red Star | ||
| 1971/72 | Paris Saint-Germain , Red Star | PSG - Red Star 4-1, 0-0 | PSG will be transferred to the third division for violating the association's guidelines and replaced by Paris FC. |
| 1972/73 | Paris FC , Red Star | Paris FC 3-0 Red Star, 3-2 | Red Star is relegated for the fifth time. |
| 1973/74 | Paris FC | Paris FC are relegated, PSG and Red Star return to the top division. | |
| 1974/75 | Paris Saint-Germain , Red Star | PSG - Red Star 2-0, 1-1 | Red Star is relegated for the sixth and last time. |
| 1975/76 | Paris Saint-Germain | For the first time, as it has been since 1990, PSG are in the first division without city rivals. | |
| 1976/77 | Paris Saint-Germain | ||
| 1977/78 | Paris Saint-Germain | ||
| 1978/79 | Paris Saint-Germain , Paris FC | PSG - Paris FC 2-2, 1-1 | Paris FC will be relegated immediately, but will not be defeated by PSG. |
| 1979/80 | Paris Saint-Germain | ||
| 1980/81 | Paris Saint-Germain | ||
| 1981/82 | Paris Saint-Germain | ||
| 1982/83 | Paris Saint-Germain | ||
| 1983/84 | Paris Saint-Germain | The Racing Club rises. | |
| 1984/85 | Paris Saint-Germain , Racing Club | PSG - Racing Club 2-2, 1-0 | The Racing Club descends immediately. |
| 1985/86 | Paris Saint-Germain | The Racing Club is returning immediately to the top division. | |
| 1986/87 | Paris Saint-Germain , Racing Club | PSG - Racing Club 1: 2, 1: 0 | |
| 1987/88 | Matra Racing , Paris Saint-Germain , | Racing - PSG 2: 1, 1: 1 | |
| 1988/89 | Paris Saint-Germain , Matra Racing | PSG - Racing 2-1, 2-0 | |
| 1989/90 | Paris Saint-Germain , Racing Club | PSG - Racing Club 1: 2, 2: 2 | The Racing Club is relegated for the fourth and so far last time. |
| since 1990/91 | Paris Saint-Germain | Since 1990/91 PSG has been the only Paris club in the top division of France. |
Cup competitions
Parisian teams
The first major cup competition in France was the Coupe Manier, which was held between 1896/97 and 1909/10 and was won exclusively by Parisian teams. The most successful club with six titles was the Club Français, which won the cup first five times in a row (1897 to 1901) and then again (1903).
The Coupe de France , held for the first time in the 1917/18 season , was initially dominated by Parisian clubs and remained in the capital until 1923, after Red Star had won the cup three times in a row between 1921 and 1923. In the 1930s and 1940s, the Racing Club won the trophy a total of five times and is therefore on par with Red Star, who won the trophy twice in 1928 and 1942. The most successful Paris club is now the PSG, which won the trophy for the first time in 1982, but has already been successful ten times (as of 2016) and thus caught up with the previous record winner Olympique Marseille .
Paris stadiums
So far, all cup finals have been held in the greater Paris area. The first cup final in 1918 took place in the Stade de la Légion Saint-Michel in the 15th arrondissement between Olympique de Pantin and FC Lyon (3-0). After the finals were held in 1919 in the Parc des Princes , which later occasionally hosted the cup finals between 1972 and 1997, the final took place in 1920 in the Stade Bergeyre in the 19th arrondissement . The three finals between 1921 and 1923, all of which were won by Red Star, were held in the Stade Pershing in the 12th arrondissement and from 1924 the cup final took place with a few exceptions, in which the Parc des Princes (and in 1941 the Stade Municipal in Saint -Ouen ) took place in the Stade Olympique Yves-du-Manoir in Colombes . The Stade de France has been the venue for all cup finals since 1998 .
In the first few years after the First World War, the Stade Pershing was often the home ground of the French national football team .
The Stade Olympique Yves-du-Manoir was the main venue for the 1924 Summer Olympics and the final venue for the 1938 World Cup . A total of three games were played at the 1938 World Cup in the Stade Olympique Yves-du-Manoir and in the Parc des Princes. Until the 1970s, the stadium in Colombes was often the home of the French national football team and was also the largest stadium in the country until the Parc des Princes in Paris was expanded in 1972.
For the next quarter of a century, Parc des Princes was the main stadium in the greater Paris area and a regular home ground for the national team. It is the only stadium in the greater Paris area that has hosted all major international national team tournaments. In addition to the 1938 World Cup, it was also the venue for the 1998 World Cup and the European Football Championships of 1960 , 1984 and 2016 . At the European Championships in 1960 and 1984 it was the only venue in the greater Paris area and also the venue for the finals. So in 1984 it was the place where the French national team (2-0 against Spain ) won their first major title. In the next two major tournaments (1998 World Cup and 2016 European Championship), however, the Parc des Princes in the greater Paris area was only “second choice”.
Among other things, it hosted the game for third place at the 1998 World Cup, while the new “national stadium” Stade de France hosted the final, in which France (3-0 against Brazil ) became world champions for the first time and so far only has been. The Stade de France was also the venue for the finals of the Euro 2016, which France lost to Portugal .
Furthermore, both the Parc des Princes and the Stade de France have already hosted European Cup finals several times . Among other things, the final of the European Champions League , which was held for the first time, took place in the Parc des Princes , and the Stade de France has already twice hosted the final of the competition, which has now been renamed the UEFA Champions League .
Overview of the most important Parisian clubs
| society | Foundation 1 | place | Ligue 1 | Most important successes | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cercle Athlétique | 1892 (N 1906) | Paris (12th arrondissement) | 1932 / 33-1933 / 34 | Winner of the Coupe Manner in 1902 (as Nationale de Saint-Mandé), 1905 and 1906 (as FC Paris) and 1907 (as CA Paris). Trophée de France: 1911 and 1913, Championat de France: 1927, Cup winners: 1920 | The first predecessor club of the CAP was formed in 1892 with Nationale de Saint-Mandé, whose football department was launched in 1896. In 1904, the soccer team, which had since split off from the main club, was renamed FC Paris and in 1906 a merger resulted in the Cercle Athlétique de Paris. |
| CASG | 1903 | Paris (16th arrondissement) | Nothing | Cup winners: 1919 and 1925 | The club was created as a company sports club of the major bank Société Générale , which is why it got its nickname (The Bankers). With the introduction of professional football, he retained the amateur status, which is why he lost the connection. |
| Club Français | 1892 (A 1940) | Paris (15th arrondissement) | 1932/33 | Master of the USFSA: 1896, Coupe Manier: 1897, 1898, 1899, 1900, 1901, 1903, Master of the LFA: 1918, Cup winner: 1931 | It was founded by students from two schools in the 8th and 16th arrondissement. The club represented France at the 1900 Olympic football tournament and was only open to French. |
| Étoile des Deux Lacs | 1898 | Paris (16th arrondissement) | Nothing | French champion: 1905, Trophée de France: 1907 and 1912 | |
| Gallia Club | 1896 (A 1926) | Paris (12th arrondissement) | Nothing | Master of the USFSA: 1905, Coupe Manner: 1904 | |
| Olympique | 1895 (A 1926) | Pantin | Nothing | Master of the LFA: 1916, Coupe Manier: 1918 | The club was based in Pantin on the northeastern outskirts of Paris and merged with Red Star to form Red Star Olympique in 1926. |
| Paris FC | 1969 | Paris (13th arrondissement) | 1972 / 73-1973 / 74, 1978/79 | Nothing | The beginnings of the association are closely linked to the other Parisian “retort association” PSG (below). |
| PSG | 1970 | Paris (16th arrondissement) | 1971/72, since 1974/75 | Champions: 1986, 1994, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016. Cup winners: 1982, 1983, 1993, 1995, 1998, 2004, 2006, 2010, 2015, 2016. European Cup Winners' Cup: 1996 | The club's beginnings are closely related to the other Parisian “test tube club” Paris FC (above). |
| Patronage Olier | 1899 | Paris (14th arrondissement) | Nothing | Trophée de France: 1908 and 1910 | |
| Racing Club | 1882 (F 1896) | Colombes | 1932 / 33–1952 / 53, 1954 / 55–1963 / 64, 1966/67 (syndicate with Sedan), 1984/85, 1986 / 87–1989 / 90 | Champion: 1936. Cup winners: 1936, 1939, 1940, 1945 and 1949. USFSA Champion: 1907 | The club was founded by students of the Lycée Condorcet in the 9th arrondissement and moved into its first own sports facility in 1885 in the 16th arrondissement. |
| Red Star | 1897 | Saint-Ouen | 1932/33, 1934 / 35–1937 / 38, 1945 / 46–1947 / 48, 1965/66, 1971 / 72–1972 / 73, 1974/75 | Cup winners: 1921, 1922, 1923, 1928 and 1942. Coupe Manier: 1909 | The club was founded by Jules Rimet , who was FIFA President from 1921 to 1954 and after whom the World Cup trophy , which was played from 1930 to 1970 , was named. |
| Stade Français | 1883 (F 1900) | Paris (16th arrondissement) | 1946 / 47–1950 / 51 (1948/49 and 1949/50 as Spielgemeinschaft Stade Français Red Star), 1952 / 53–1953 / 54, 1959 / 60–1966 / 67 | Paris City Champion of the USFSA: 1909, Championat de France: 1928 | The association was founded in the 6th arrondissement. |
| Standard AC | 1892 | Originally located in the 16th arrondissement , the association has been based in the suburb of Meudon, southwest of Paris, since 1922 | Nothing | Masters of the USFSA: 1894, 1895, 1897, 1898, 1901 | As one of the oldest football clubs in the French capital, Standard was founded by British people living in the Paris area. When the first championship (USFSA) was introduced, he became the first series champion. |
| White Rovers | 1891 (A 1899) | Courbevoie | Nothing | USFSA runner-up: 1984, 1895, 1896 and 1897 | As one of the oldest pure football clubs in the French capital, the White Rovers were founded by British people living in the Paris region, but were dissolved again in 1899. |
1 The founding year of the association is always given as the year of foundation. In the case of a sports club in which a football department was not established until later, the year of its establishment is added in brackets with the addition F (for football department). If the association no longer exists, the year of dissolution is added in brackets with the addition A (for dissolution). If the association was founded under a different name or was created as a result of a merger, the year it was first founded is given and the year in which the association was given its current name is added in brackets under N (for today's name). This applies, for example, to CA Paris, whose first predecessor club Nationale de Saint-Mandé was founded in 1892 (football department in 1896) and which initially became FC Paris before the Cercle Athlétique was formed through a merger brought about in 1906. Smaller (and mostly only temporary) name changes, such as from Racing Club to Matra Racing, AS Red Star to Red Star FC or Stade Français in Stade de Paris are not taken into account for the sake of clarity.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hardy Greens : Encyclopedia of European Football Clubs. The first division teams in Europe since 1885. 2., completely revised. Edition. AGON Sportverlag, Kassel 2000, ISBN 3-89784-163-0 , p. 148.
- ↑ Red Star - Histoires d'un siècle . Club du Red Star, Paris 1999. ISBN 2-95125621-3 , p. 12
- ↑ Hardy Greens: Encyclopedia of European Football Clubs , p. 145
- ↑ Article on the game between AS Red Star and AS Saint-Étienne (1: 2) on March 10, 1999 (French)
- ↑ Article on the game between Red Star 93 and Olympique Marseille (0: 5) on January 7, 2012 (French)
- ↑ 11 Friends: The Displaced (video documentary: Red Star Paris - the alternative to PSG)