Court organization of the Hanseatic departments

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This article describes the judicial organization of the Hanseatic departments from 1811 to 1814.

history

After the annexation of north-west German territories on January 1, 1811 as part of the Napoleonic First French Empire , the French legal system and thus also the French judicial organization and the separation of jurisdiction from administration were introduced there.

At the level of the cantons , peace courts were introduced, at the level of the arrondissements tribunals of first instance. Commercial courts ( commercial tribunals) also existed at this level . In the capitals of the départements, imperial courts (Cour Impériale) were set up as courts of appeal. Above it stood a court of cassation and a high court of justice (haute Cour Impériale).

Assisenhöfe were set up in the capitals of the four departments for the administration of criminal justice. In addition, there was the Special Court of Hamburg under the President Hercule Comte de Serre .

In addition, there were Prevotal courts of justice, these were special military criminal courts formed in 1810 against smuggling against the continental barrier and Douanen tribunals to judge customs offenses.

French rule and with it this judicial organization came to an early end with the military defeat of the French emperor and general against Russia and Prussia (1813). After the French withdrew, the previous judicial organization was restored.

List of dishes

Note: Since the official language was French, the official names of the courts were also in French. In the literature, however, the German terms are predominantly used. The list follows that and therefore writes, for example, Friedensgericht Lauenburg instead of Justice de paix de Lauenbourg .

At higher and middle courts passed:

Tribunal of First Instance Seat Arrondissement Department
Hamburg Tribunal of First Instance Hamburg Arrondissement of Hamburg Department des Bouches de l'Elbe
Tribunal of First Instance Lübeck Lübeck Arrondissement of Lübeck Department des Bouches de l'Elbe
Tribunal of the first instance Lüneburg Luneburg Arrondissement of Lueneburg Department des Bouches de l'Elbe
Stade Tribunal of First Instance Stade Arrondissement Stade Department des Bouches de l'Elbe
Tribunal of First Instance Bremen Bremen Arrondissement of Bremen Department of the mouths of the Weser
Tribunal of First Instance Oldenburg Oldenburg Arrondissement of Oldenburg Department of the mouths of the Weser
Tribunal of First Instance Nienburg Nienburg Arrondissement of Nienburg Department of the mouths of the Weser
Tribunal of First Instance Bremerlehe Bremerlehe Arrondissement Bremerlehe Department of the mouths of the Weser
Tribunal of First Instance Osnabrück Osnabrück Arrondissement of Osnabrück Department de l'Ems-Supérieur
Lingen Tribunal of First Instance Lingen Arrondissement of Lingen Department de l'Ems-Supérieur
Minden Tribunal of First Instance Minden Arrondissement of Minden Department de l'Ems-Supérieur
Quakenbrück Tribunal of First Instance Quakenbrück Quakenbrück arrondissement Department de l'Ems-Supérieur

These included the following peace courts at canton level:

Magistrate's court Seat Tribunal of First Instance
District Court of Hamburg I Hamburg Hamburg Tribunal of First Instance
Hamburg Court of Justice II Hamburg Hamburg Tribunal of First Instance
District Court of Hamburg III Hamburg Hamburg Tribunal of First Instance
District Court of Hamburg IV Hamburg Hamburg Tribunal of First Instance
District Court of Hamburg V Hamburg Hamburg Tribunal of First Instance
District Court of Hamburg VI Hamburg Hamburg Tribunal of First Instance
Bergedorf District Court Bergedorf Hamburg Tribunal of First Instance
District Court Hamm Hamm Hamburg Tribunal of First Instance
Wilhelmsburg Peace Court Wilhelmsburg Hamburg Tribunal of First Instance
Lauenburg Peace Court Lauenburg Tribunal of First Instance Lübeck
Lübeck I Peace Court (Lübeck City) Lübeck Tribunal of First Instance Lübeck
Lübeck II Peace Court (Lübeck-Land) Lübeck Tribunal of First Instance Lübeck
Travemünde Peace Court Travemünde Tribunal of First Instance Lübeck
Moisling Niendorf and Schlutup District Court Moisling Tribunal of First Instance Lübeck
Magistrate's Court Mölln Mölln Tribunal of First Instance Lübeck
Neuhaus District Court Neuhaus Tribunal of First Instance Lübeck
Ratzeburg Peace Court Ratzeburg Tribunal of First Instance Lübeck
Schwarzenbek Peace Court Schwarzenbek Tribunal of First Instance Lübeck
Steinhorst Peace Court Steinhorst Tribunal of First Instance Lübeck
Bardowick District Court Bardowick Tribunal of the first instance Lüneburg
Buxtehude District Court Buxtehude Tribunal of the first instance Lüneburg
Harburg District Court Harburg Tribunal of the first instance Lüneburg
Hittfeld District Court Hittfeld Tribunal of the first instance Lüneburg
Lüneburg Peace Court Luneburg Tribunal of the first instance Lüneburg
Tostedt District Court Tostedt Tribunal of the first instance Lüneburg
Winsen District Court Wince Tribunal of the first instance Lüneburg
Bremervörde Peace Court Bremervörde Stade Tribunal of First Instance
Freiburg / Elbe District Court Freiburg / Elbe Stade Tribunal of First Instance
Himmelpforten Court of Justice Himmelpforten Stade Tribunal of First Instance
Horneburg Peace Court Horneburg Stade Tribunal of First Instance
Jork District Court Jork Stade Tribunal of First Instance
Neuhaus District Court (Oste) Neuhaus (Oste) Stade Tribunal of First Instance
Otterndorf Peace Court Otterndorf Stade Tribunal of First Instance
Ritzebüttel District Court Ritzebüttel Stade Tribunal of First Instance
Stade District Court Stade Stade Tribunal of First Instance
Zeven District Court Zeven Stade Tribunal of First Instance
Achim magistrate's court Achim Tribunal of First Instance Bremen
Court of Justice of Bremen West Bremen Tribunal of First Instance Bremen
Peace Court of Bremen East Bremen Tribunal of First Instance Bremen
Court of Justice of Bremen Neustadt Bremen Tribunal of First Instance Bremen
District Court of Bremen Land Bremen Tribunal of First Instance Bremen
Court of Justice Lilienthal Lilienthal Tribunal of First Instance Bremen
Ottersberg Peace Court Ottersberg Tribunal of First Instance Bremen
Rotenburg Peace Court Rotenburg Tribunal of First Instance Bremen
Syke Magistrate's Court Syke Tribunal of First Instance Bremen
Court of Justice Lilienthal Lilienthal Tribunal of First Instance Bremen
Thedinghausen District Court Thedinghausen Tribunal of First Instance Bremen
Verden magistrate's court Verden Tribunal of First Instance Bremen
Berne District Court Berne Tribunal of First Instance Oldenburg
Burhave Magistrate's Court Burhave Tribunal of First Instance Oldenburg
Delmenhorst District Court Delmenhorst Tribunal of First Instance Oldenburg
Elsfleth District Court Elsfleth Tribunal of First Instance Oldenburg
Hatten magistrate's court Had Tribunal of First Instance Oldenburg
Oldenburg Court of Justice Oldenburg Tribunal of First Instance Oldenburg
Ovelgönne District Court Ovelgönne Tribunal of First Instance Oldenburg
Rastede Peace Court Rastede Tribunal of First Instance Oldenburg
Varel District Court Varel Tribunal of First Instance Oldenburg
Westerstede Peace Court Westerstede Tribunal of First Instance Oldenburg
Bassum Peace Court Bassum Tribunal of First Instance Nienburg
Altbruchhausen Peace Court Altbruchhausen Tribunal of First Instance Nienburg
Hoya Magistrate's Court Hoya Tribunal of First Instance Nienburg
Liebenau Peace Court Liebenau Tribunal of First Instance Nienburg
Rethem Peace Court Rethem Tribunal of First Instance Nienburg
Stolzenau District Court Stolzenau Tribunal of First Instance Nienburg
Sulingen District Court Sulingen Tribunal of First Instance Nienburg
Walsrode Peace Court Walsrode Tribunal of First Instance Nienburg
Beverstedt Peace Court Beverstedt Tribunal of First Instance Bremerlehe
Bremerlehe Court of Justice Bremerlehe Tribunal of First Instance Bremerlehe
Dorum Magistrate's Court Dorum Tribunal of First Instance Bremerlehe
Hagen District Court Hagen Tribunal of First Instance Bremerlehe
Osterholz Court of Justice Osterholz Tribunal of First Instance Bremerlehe
Vegesack Peace Court Vegesack Tribunal of First Instance Bremerlehe
Bramsche Peace Court Bramsche Tribunal of First Instance Osnabrück
Dissen District Court Diss Tribunal of First Instance Osnabrück
Food court of justice eat Tribunal of First Instance Osnabrück
Iburg District Court Iburg Tribunal of First Instance Osnabrück
Lengerich District Court Lengerich Tribunal of First Instance Osnabrück
Melle District Court Melle Tribunal of First Instance Osnabrück
Osnabrück City Court of Justice Osnabrück Tribunal of First Instance Osnabrück
District Court of Osnabrück-Land Osnabrück Tribunal of First Instance Osnabrück
Ostbevern District Court Ostbevern Tribunal of First Instance Osnabrück
Ostercappeln Court of Justice Ostercappeln Tribunal of First Instance Osnabrück
Tecklenburg Peace Court Tecklenburg Tribunal of First Instance Osnabrück
Versmold District Court Versmold Tribunal of First Instance Osnabrück
Bevergern District Court Bevergern Lingen Tribunal of First Instance
Freren District Court Freren Lingen Tribunal of First Instance
Fürstenau Peace Court Fürstenau Lingen Tribunal of First Instance
Haselünne District Court Haselünne Lingen Tribunal of First Instance
Ibbenbüren District Court Ibbenbueren Lingen Tribunal of First Instance
Lingen District Court Lingen Lingen Tribunal of First Instance
Meppen District Court Meppen Lingen Tribunal of First Instance
Papenburg Peace Court Papenburg Lingen Tribunal of First Instance
Sögel Court of Justice Sögel Lingen Tribunal of First Instance
Bünde District Court Frets Minden Tribunal of First Instance
Enger District Court Tighter Minden Tribunal of First Instance
Levern Magistrate's Court Levern Minden Tribunal of First Instance
Lübbecke District Court Luebbecke Minden Tribunal of First Instance
Minden Court of Justice Minden Minden Tribunal of First Instance
Petershagen District Court Petershagen Minden Tribunal of First Instance
Quernheim Peace Court Quernheim Minden Tribunal of First Instance
Rahden District Court Rahden Minden Tribunal of First Instance
Uchte District Court Uchte Minden Tribunal of First Instance
Werther District Court Werther Minden Tribunal of First Instance
Ankum Peace Court Ankum Quakenbrück Tribunal of First Instance
Cloppenburg District Court Cloppenburg Quakenbrück Tribunal of First Instance
District Court Diepholz Diepholz Quakenbrück Tribunal of First Instance
Dinklage District Court Dinklage Quakenbrück Tribunal of First Instance
Friesoythe Magistrate's Court Friesoythe Quakenbrück Tribunal of First Instance
Löningen District Court Loeningen Quakenbrück Tribunal of First Instance
Quakenbrück District Court Quakenbrück Quakenbrück Tribunal of First Instance
Vechta District Court Vechta Quakenbrück Tribunal of First Instance
Vörden District Court Vörden Quakenbrück Tribunal of First Instance
Wildeshausen Peace Court Wildeshausen Quakenbrück Tribunal of First Instance

The following were set up at commercial courts:

literature

  • Yearbook for the Hanseatic departments, especially for the department of the Elbe estuaries 1812, pp. 167–187, online.
  • Wolf-Rüdiger Osburg: The administration of Hamburg in the French period. Diss., 1988, ISBN 3631405758 .
  • Die Zeit: Or archive for the latest history of states and politics, Volume 27, 1811, p. 291 ff., Especially p. 391 ff., Online.
  • C. Wehrmann (ed.) : In memory of the French era, Prevotal court of the Douanen in Hamburg in the department of the mouths of the Elbe. In: Mittheilungen des Verein für Lübeckische Geschichte und Altertumskunde, Heft 6, 1893 and 1894, Lübeck 1895.
  • Jan Jelle Kähler : French civil law and French judicial constitution in the Hanseatic cities of Hamburg, Lübeck and Bremen (1806–1815). Frankfurt a. M. 2007.
  • Werner Schubert : France's plans to introduce the Code Napoléon in the Hanseatic cities (1807/1808), ZVLGA , vol. 57, 1979, pp. 138-148.
  • Hamburg address book for the year 1812, chapter authorities a. a. Corp., official information, section: Directory of the various authorities and agencies that have their headquarters in Hamburg, page X-XI, online

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Imperial decree of October 18, 1810.