Court organization of the Hanseatic departments
This article describes the judicial organization of the Hanseatic departments from 1811 to 1814.
history
After the annexation of north-west German territories on January 1, 1811 as part of the Napoleonic First French Empire , the French legal system and thus also the French judicial organization and the separation of jurisdiction from administration were introduced there.
At the level of the cantons , peace courts were introduced, at the level of the arrondissements tribunals of first instance. Commercial courts ( commercial tribunals) also existed at this level . In the capitals of the départements, imperial courts (Cour Impériale) were set up as courts of appeal. Above it stood a court of cassation and a high court of justice (haute Cour Impériale).
Assisenhöfe were set up in the capitals of the four departments for the administration of criminal justice. In addition, there was the Special Court of Hamburg under the President Hercule Comte de Serre .
In addition, there were Prevotal courts of justice, these were special military criminal courts formed in 1810 against smuggling against the continental barrier and Douanen tribunals to judge customs offenses.
French rule and with it this judicial organization came to an early end with the military defeat of the French emperor and general against Russia and Prussia (1813). After the French withdrew, the previous judicial organization was restored.
List of dishes
Note: Since the official language was French, the official names of the courts were also in French. In the literature, however, the German terms are predominantly used. The list follows that and therefore writes, for example, Friedensgericht Lauenburg instead of Justice de paix de Lauenbourg .
At higher and middle courts passed:
These included the following peace courts at canton level:
Magistrate's court | Seat | Tribunal of First Instance |
---|---|---|
District Court of Hamburg I | Hamburg | Hamburg Tribunal of First Instance |
Hamburg Court of Justice II | Hamburg | Hamburg Tribunal of First Instance |
District Court of Hamburg III | Hamburg | Hamburg Tribunal of First Instance |
District Court of Hamburg IV | Hamburg | Hamburg Tribunal of First Instance |
District Court of Hamburg V | Hamburg | Hamburg Tribunal of First Instance |
District Court of Hamburg VI | Hamburg | Hamburg Tribunal of First Instance |
Bergedorf District Court | Bergedorf | Hamburg Tribunal of First Instance |
District Court Hamm | Hamm | Hamburg Tribunal of First Instance |
Wilhelmsburg Peace Court | Wilhelmsburg | Hamburg Tribunal of First Instance |
Lauenburg Peace Court | Lauenburg | Tribunal of First Instance Lübeck |
Lübeck I Peace Court (Lübeck City) | Lübeck | Tribunal of First Instance Lübeck |
Lübeck II Peace Court (Lübeck-Land) | Lübeck | Tribunal of First Instance Lübeck |
Travemünde Peace Court | Travemünde | Tribunal of First Instance Lübeck |
Moisling Niendorf and Schlutup District Court | Moisling | Tribunal of First Instance Lübeck |
Magistrate's Court Mölln | Mölln | Tribunal of First Instance Lübeck |
Neuhaus District Court | Neuhaus | Tribunal of First Instance Lübeck |
Ratzeburg Peace Court | Ratzeburg | Tribunal of First Instance Lübeck |
Schwarzenbek Peace Court | Schwarzenbek | Tribunal of First Instance Lübeck |
Steinhorst Peace Court | Steinhorst | Tribunal of First Instance Lübeck |
Bardowick District Court | Bardowick | Tribunal of the first instance Lüneburg |
Buxtehude District Court | Buxtehude | Tribunal of the first instance Lüneburg |
Harburg District Court | Harburg | Tribunal of the first instance Lüneburg |
Hittfeld District Court | Hittfeld | Tribunal of the first instance Lüneburg |
Lüneburg Peace Court | Luneburg | Tribunal of the first instance Lüneburg |
Tostedt District Court | Tostedt | Tribunal of the first instance Lüneburg |
Winsen District Court | Wince | Tribunal of the first instance Lüneburg |
Bremervörde Peace Court | Bremervörde | Stade Tribunal of First Instance |
Freiburg / Elbe District Court | Freiburg / Elbe | Stade Tribunal of First Instance |
Himmelpforten Court of Justice | Himmelpforten | Stade Tribunal of First Instance |
Horneburg Peace Court | Horneburg | Stade Tribunal of First Instance |
Jork District Court | Jork | Stade Tribunal of First Instance |
Neuhaus District Court (Oste) | Neuhaus (Oste) | Stade Tribunal of First Instance |
Otterndorf Peace Court | Otterndorf | Stade Tribunal of First Instance |
Ritzebüttel District Court | Ritzebüttel | Stade Tribunal of First Instance |
Stade District Court | Stade | Stade Tribunal of First Instance |
Zeven District Court | Zeven | Stade Tribunal of First Instance |
Achim magistrate's court | Achim | Tribunal of First Instance Bremen |
Court of Justice of Bremen West | Bremen | Tribunal of First Instance Bremen |
Peace Court of Bremen East | Bremen | Tribunal of First Instance Bremen |
Court of Justice of Bremen Neustadt | Bremen | Tribunal of First Instance Bremen |
District Court of Bremen Land | Bremen | Tribunal of First Instance Bremen |
Court of Justice Lilienthal | Lilienthal | Tribunal of First Instance Bremen |
Ottersberg Peace Court | Ottersberg | Tribunal of First Instance Bremen |
Rotenburg Peace Court | Rotenburg | Tribunal of First Instance Bremen |
Syke Magistrate's Court | Syke | Tribunal of First Instance Bremen |
Court of Justice Lilienthal | Lilienthal | Tribunal of First Instance Bremen |
Thedinghausen District Court | Thedinghausen | Tribunal of First Instance Bremen |
Verden magistrate's court | Verden | Tribunal of First Instance Bremen |
Berne District Court | Berne | Tribunal of First Instance Oldenburg |
Burhave Magistrate's Court | Burhave | Tribunal of First Instance Oldenburg |
Delmenhorst District Court | Delmenhorst | Tribunal of First Instance Oldenburg |
Elsfleth District Court | Elsfleth | Tribunal of First Instance Oldenburg |
Hatten magistrate's court | Had | Tribunal of First Instance Oldenburg |
Oldenburg Court of Justice | Oldenburg | Tribunal of First Instance Oldenburg |
Ovelgönne District Court | Ovelgönne | Tribunal of First Instance Oldenburg |
Rastede Peace Court | Rastede | Tribunal of First Instance Oldenburg |
Varel District Court | Varel | Tribunal of First Instance Oldenburg |
Westerstede Peace Court | Westerstede | Tribunal of First Instance Oldenburg |
Bassum Peace Court | Bassum | Tribunal of First Instance Nienburg |
Altbruchhausen Peace Court | Altbruchhausen | Tribunal of First Instance Nienburg |
Hoya Magistrate's Court | Hoya | Tribunal of First Instance Nienburg |
Liebenau Peace Court | Liebenau | Tribunal of First Instance Nienburg |
Rethem Peace Court | Rethem | Tribunal of First Instance Nienburg |
Stolzenau District Court | Stolzenau | Tribunal of First Instance Nienburg |
Sulingen District Court | Sulingen | Tribunal of First Instance Nienburg |
Walsrode Peace Court | Walsrode | Tribunal of First Instance Nienburg |
Beverstedt Peace Court | Beverstedt | Tribunal of First Instance Bremerlehe |
Bremerlehe Court of Justice | Bremerlehe | Tribunal of First Instance Bremerlehe |
Dorum Magistrate's Court | Dorum | Tribunal of First Instance Bremerlehe |
Hagen District Court | Hagen | Tribunal of First Instance Bremerlehe |
Osterholz Court of Justice | Osterholz | Tribunal of First Instance Bremerlehe |
Vegesack Peace Court | Vegesack | Tribunal of First Instance Bremerlehe |
Bramsche Peace Court | Bramsche | Tribunal of First Instance Osnabrück |
Dissen District Court | Diss | Tribunal of First Instance Osnabrück |
Food court of justice | eat | Tribunal of First Instance Osnabrück |
Iburg District Court | Iburg | Tribunal of First Instance Osnabrück |
Lengerich District Court | Lengerich | Tribunal of First Instance Osnabrück |
Melle District Court | Melle | Tribunal of First Instance Osnabrück |
Osnabrück City Court of Justice | Osnabrück | Tribunal of First Instance Osnabrück |
District Court of Osnabrück-Land | Osnabrück | Tribunal of First Instance Osnabrück |
Ostbevern District Court | Ostbevern | Tribunal of First Instance Osnabrück |
Ostercappeln Court of Justice | Ostercappeln | Tribunal of First Instance Osnabrück |
Tecklenburg Peace Court | Tecklenburg | Tribunal of First Instance Osnabrück |
Versmold District Court | Versmold | Tribunal of First Instance Osnabrück |
Bevergern District Court | Bevergern | Lingen Tribunal of First Instance |
Freren District Court | Freren | Lingen Tribunal of First Instance |
Fürstenau Peace Court | Fürstenau | Lingen Tribunal of First Instance |
Haselünne District Court | Haselünne | Lingen Tribunal of First Instance |
Ibbenbüren District Court | Ibbenbueren | Lingen Tribunal of First Instance |
Lingen District Court | Lingen | Lingen Tribunal of First Instance |
Meppen District Court | Meppen | Lingen Tribunal of First Instance |
Papenburg Peace Court | Papenburg | Lingen Tribunal of First Instance |
Sögel Court of Justice | Sögel | Lingen Tribunal of First Instance |
Bünde District Court | Frets | Minden Tribunal of First Instance |
Enger District Court | Tighter | Minden Tribunal of First Instance |
Levern Magistrate's Court | Levern | Minden Tribunal of First Instance |
Lübbecke District Court | Luebbecke | Minden Tribunal of First Instance |
Minden Court of Justice | Minden | Minden Tribunal of First Instance |
Petershagen District Court | Petershagen | Minden Tribunal of First Instance |
Quernheim Peace Court | Quernheim | Minden Tribunal of First Instance |
Rahden District Court | Rahden | Minden Tribunal of First Instance |
Uchte District Court | Uchte | Minden Tribunal of First Instance |
Werther District Court | Werther | Minden Tribunal of First Instance |
Ankum Peace Court | Ankum | Quakenbrück Tribunal of First Instance |
Cloppenburg District Court | Cloppenburg | Quakenbrück Tribunal of First Instance |
District Court Diepholz | Diepholz | Quakenbrück Tribunal of First Instance |
Dinklage District Court | Dinklage | Quakenbrück Tribunal of First Instance |
Friesoythe Magistrate's Court | Friesoythe | Quakenbrück Tribunal of First Instance |
Löningen District Court | Loeningen | Quakenbrück Tribunal of First Instance |
Quakenbrück District Court | Quakenbrück | Quakenbrück Tribunal of First Instance |
Vechta District Court | Vechta | Quakenbrück Tribunal of First Instance |
Vörden District Court | Vörden | Quakenbrück Tribunal of First Instance |
Wildeshausen Peace Court | Wildeshausen | Quakenbrück Tribunal of First Instance |
The following were set up at commercial courts:
- Hamburg Commercial Tribunal
- Bremen Commercial Tribunal
- Lübeck Commercial Tribunal
- Osnabrück Commercial Tribunal
- Travemünde Commercial Tribunal
literature
- Yearbook for the Hanseatic departments, especially for the department of the Elbe estuaries 1812, pp. 167–187, online.
- Wolf-Rüdiger Osburg: The administration of Hamburg in the French period. Diss., 1988, ISBN 3631405758 .
- Die Zeit: Or archive for the latest history of states and politics, Volume 27, 1811, p. 291 ff., Especially p. 391 ff., Online.
- C. Wehrmann (ed.) : In memory of the French era, Prevotal court of the Douanen in Hamburg in the department of the mouths of the Elbe. In: Mittheilungen des Verein für Lübeckische Geschichte und Altertumskunde, Heft 6, 1893 and 1894, Lübeck 1895.
- Jan Jelle Kähler : French civil law and French judicial constitution in the Hanseatic cities of Hamburg, Lübeck and Bremen (1806–1815). Frankfurt a. M. 2007.
- Werner Schubert : France's plans to introduce the Code Napoléon in the Hanseatic cities (1807/1808), ZVLGA , vol. 57, 1979, pp. 138-148.
- Hamburg address book for the year 1812, chapter authorities a. a. Corp., official information, section: Directory of the various authorities and agencies that have their headquarters in Hamburg, page X-XI, online
Individual evidence
- ^ Imperial decree of October 18, 1810.