Schwarzenbek

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 53 ° 30 '  N , 10 ° 29'  E
Basic data
State :	Schleswig-Holstein
Circle :	Duchy of Lauenburg
Height :	44 m above sea level NHN
Area :	11.56 km 2
Residents:	16,551 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	1432 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	21493
Area code :	04151
License plate :	RZ
Community key :	01 0 53 116
City administration address :	Ritter-Wulf-Platz 1 21493 Schwarzenbek
Website :	www.schwarzenbek.de
Mayoress :	Ute Borchers-Seelig ( independent )
Location of the city of Schwarzenbek in the Duchy of Lauenburg district

Francis Church

The town hall, in the foreground the wolf sculpture on Ritter-Wulf-Platz

Schwarzenbek ( Low German : Swattenbeek ) is a small town in the Duchy of Lauenburg district in Schleswig-Holstein . It is also the seat of the Schwarzenbek-Land office .

Schwarzenbek is also known as the European city as the winner of the European Prize . Due to its central location in the south of the district, it is also called the city ​​of the middle .

geography

location

Schwarzenbek is located in the Geest in the southeast of Schleswig-Holstein. Immediately adjacent to the north-west is the Sachsenwald, the largest contiguous forest area in the state. In the west, Schwarzenbek borders on the municipality of Brunstorf , in the south on Kollow and Gülzow , in the east on Grabau and in the north on Grove .

Districts

Old forester's farm Blind paddock Bölkau

Mühlenkamp Northeast Rülau

Smith camp Lupus Park (business park) industrial area

Waters

• Black Beke

The brook gave the place its name in historical times. The Schwarze Beke rises south-east of Schwarzenbek, crosses the Rülauer Forst, an orchard and some meadows before it disappears into pipes on Meiereistraße, which, following the railway line, finally end at the Compestraße road bridge. From there the Beke flows west out of the village and flows into the Schwarze Au at Radekamp .

• Black Au

The Schwarze Au rises north of the Schwarzenbek. It flows straightened in the meadows between Sachsenwald ( Großer Radekamp ) and the new B404 in a southerly direction. It crosses under this main road at the Radekamp forester's house. After the Au has crossed the Hamburg-Berlin railway line 600 m further south and has absorbed the water of the Schwarzen Beke , it flows west through the Sachsenwald to flow into the Bille in Aumühle .

• Moor trench

The moat rises from a wetland near Grabau. It reaches the Schwarzenbeker urban area north of the industrial park and from there to the north of the train station forms a green strip. From there it flows in pipes and only emerges again to the west of Ritter-Wulf-Platz, united with the Schwarzen Beke .

• Bölkau

The Bölkau rises in the western Rülauer Forst south of the B207 , it flows north and flows into the Schwarze Beke after 1.6 km at the sewage treatment plant

• Linau

The Linau forms the southern boundary of the urban area in the Rülauer Forest.

• Jordan Valley

The Jordan Rift has its source in the wooded area south of the Forsthof. From there, the Jordan Rift flows north along the outskirts of Schwarzenbeck. From the street Grillengrund the brook is routed underground in pipes in a northeasterly direction. He reappears in a field near the Wiesengrund road. Here the stream runs north again and flows into the Schwarze Beke at the animal shelter.

history

Beginnings

Schwarzenbek emerged from clearing the border forest between Saxony and Slavs . The first documentary mention of a settlement of the knight Wulf an der Schwarzen Beke , which gave the place its name, took place in 1291 . During this time the tower hill castle was built, which was later mentioned as Marienburg and served as a protective castle for the settlement. The noble Wulf family, who were probably the founding family of Schwarzenbek, was first mentioned in 1296 with the nickname to Swartenbeke . It remained in the possession of the place until it died out in the late 15th century.

As a result, Schwarzenbek became part of the dominion of the Duchy of Saxony-Lauenburg . In 1562, under Duke Franz I, Schwarzenbeck Castle was built in the immediate vicinity of the old protective castle. Schwarzenbek was at times the residence of the duchy.

Since the 17th century

In the early 17th century, the Schwarzenbek office was formed as an administrative unit from the place Schwarzenbek, as well as 22 surrounding places and the Sachsenwald.

From 1689 to 1815 Schwarzenbek and the duchy belonged to the Electorate of Hanover and thus to the British crown. During the reign of Napoleon I , the duchy was occupied alternately by France and Prussia , until, due to the resolutions of the Congress of Vienna, Schwarzenbek came to Denmark as part of the duchy in 1815. Sachsen-Lauenburg remained under Danish sovereignty until 1864.

After the German-Danish War and as a result of negotiations with Austria , the Duchy of Saxony-Lauenburg came to the Kingdom of Prussia after a joint Austro-Prussian administration. In 1876 Schwarzenbek formed a self-governing municipality, which also became the seat of the new Schwarzenbek office. In the middle of the 19th century, Schwarzenbek became a hub for the new transport network. In 1871, the German Chancellor Otto von Bismarck received parts of Schwarzenbeck as property with the Sachsenwald.

Time of the Second World War

During the Second World War there were also forced labor camps in Schwarzenbek. 48 children of forced laborers apparently died as a result of the inhumane conditions there.

Germany gradually lost the Second World War and it was gradually occupied. In the last days of the war, the Allied troops also approached more and more Schwarzenbek. On April 24, 1945 there was also a low-flying attack on a train in Schwarzenbek, in which the British plane was shot down. On April 30 and May 1, 1945 Schwarzenbek was finally occupied by the British. In the meantime, the Americans began to occupy the southwestern parts of Mecklenburg . The next day the executive government fled from the Eutin - Plön area, 60 kilometers further north, to Flensburg - Mürwik . The following day the British soldiers marched into neighboring Hamburg. The day after, all German troops in north-west Germany, the Netherlands and Denmark were finally capitulated . At least 112 Schwarzenbek soldiers died in World War II. The actual number is likely to be higher, however, as the missing persons were not fully recorded after the war. In addition there are 27 civilian victims of the war in Schwarzenbek.

Post-war until today

In 1950 Schwarzenbek became an office-free municipality. In 1953 the state government of Schleswig-Holstein granted the municipality of Schwarzenbek city rights. Many people moved to the city because it is conveniently located with connections to Hamburg or Lübeck . The city of Schwarzenbek has made a particular contribution to the European idea. The first significant step in this direction was taken in 1955. This year the young city entered into an urban fraternization with three European cities, namely Aubenas (France), Sierre (Switzerland), and Zelzate (Belgium). In 1960 the cities of Cesenatico (Italy) and Delfzijl (Netherlands) joined the federal government . The side streets of the fraternization ring in the north-east district are named after these cities. In 1961, the euro Europe Strasbourg gave the city Schwarzenbek as the second city in the Federal Republic for the far-emitting promote the idea of European integration and international understanding to the European price .

Schwarzenbek was at times referred to as the largest construction site in the country (in particular the Mühlenkamp development area in the northwest of the city area), apartments were needed because of the rapidly increasing population, and the city is still growing.

population

Population statistics

Schwarzenbek is the third largest city in the Duchy of Lauenburg after Geesthacht and Mölln . Most of Schwarzenbek's residents are young families and commuters.

Population development
year	1850	1900	1938	1995	2005	2010	2015
Residents	500	1,200	2,200	12,000	15,019	15,074	16,192

Denomination statistics

According to the 2011 census , in 2011 43.1% of the population were Protestant , 8.3% Roman Catholic and 48.7% were non-denominational , belonged to another religious community or did not provide any information. The number of Protestants and Catholics has fallen since then and with 55% the people who do not belong to any legally or corporately constituted religious community are a majority of the population. In 2016, 8% of the population were Catholic, 37% Protestant and 55% belonged to another or no religious community.

politics

Local election in Schwarzenbek 2018

Turnout: 40.9%

 %

40

30th

20th

10

0

30.5

28.6

16.9

14.2

9.9

CDU

SPD

Green

FWS

FDP

Gains and losses

compared to 2013

 % p

   6th

   4th

   2

   0

  -2

  -4

  -6

  -8th

+4.8

-3.3

+3.4

-6.3

+1.4

CDU

SPD

Green

FWS

FDP

City Council

In the local elections on May 6, 2018 , the CDU achieved 30.8% and regained its position as the strongest party, which it had lost to the SPD in 2013; while the SPD and the voter association FWS (Free Voters Schwarzenbek) incurred significant losses, the Greens gained over three percentage points and thus moved up to third place after five years.

In the city council, which had grown from originally 27 to 29 seats due to two overhang mandates, the CDU initially won 9 seats, the SPD 8, the Greens 5, the FWS 4 and the FDP 3 seats. After later parliamentary group changes and resignations, the SPD currently has 9, the CDU 8 and the Greens 2 seats, and 3 city councilors became non-attached.

Mayoral elections

In the mayoral election on June 15, 2014, the independent applicant Ute Borchers-Seelig prevailed with 51.1% of the votes against the former Bundestag member Christian Carstensen from Hamburg, who had run as the top candidate of an SPD / CDU / Greens / FDP coalition.

The next mayoral election will take place on September 27, 2020. In addition to the non-party youth worker Norbert Lütjens, the mayor Matthias Schirmacher (Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen) will take part. The current mayor, Ute Borchers-Seelig, is not running for office again.

coat of arms

Blazon : "In gold, a black wolf with a red tongue rising above a black wavy bar in the base of the shield." Schwarzenbek was founded around 1250 as a clearing settlement on the edge of the border forest between Saxony and Slavs. The wolf as the main character of the coat of arms is a reference to the old Lauenburg noble family Wulf. Based on a moated castle on the upper reaches of the Schwarzenbek, she was probably one of the first colonizers in this area. The family is first mentioned in 1296 with the nickname "Swartenbeke". At the same time, the figure is intended to indicate that the first settlers, who may have often encountered the wolf in the still inhospitable area, had to have the characteristics ascribed to this animal such as endurance, strength and defensiveness in their struggle for survival. The black wavy bar in the coat of arms describes the place name as a " talking " figure. The location of the place on the "black Bek" led to the transfer of the name of the water to the settlement. The colors of the coat of arms gold and black are the historical colors of the Duchy of Lauenburg.

The coat of arms was designed by the Brunsbüttel heraldist Willy "Horsa" Lippert .

flag

The flag shows on a yellow background not far from the upper and lower edge a continuous black wavy band, in the middle a black soaring wolf with a red tongue.

The coat of arms and flag were approved on June 15, 1953.

Town twinning

Town twinning has existed since 1955 with Aubenas in France, Sierre in Switzerland and Zelzate in Belgium. In 1960 the two partnerships with Cesenatico in Italy and Delfzijl in the Netherlands were added.

In 2009 Schwarzenbek also entered into a partnership with the Chinese city of Haimen . This makes Schwarzenbek the first municipality in Schleswig-Holstein with a twin town in China.

Child and Youth Advisory Board

The city of Schwarzenbek has had a child and youth advisory board since 2009. This consists of seven representatives who are elected every two years shortly before the summer holidays by all Schwarzenbeck children and young people between 12 and 21.

Culture and sights

The Schwarzenbek Theater has existed since January 17, 1947 . In addition, the Aral Open Air events take place every year. In Schwarzenbek there are two registered cultural monuments in addition to the Franziskuskirche: the former district court, which was built from 1785 to 1788 as an office, registry and prison, and the magistrate's house.

The list of cultural monuments in Schwarzenbek includes the cultural monuments entered in the list of monuments of Schleswig-Holstein.

Magistrates' House

The magistrate's house with justice garden

The former domicile of the Schwarzenbek magistrate, which was built between 1765 and 1767, is located in a park with old trees. During the reign of the Electorate of Hanover, it served as an apartment for the clerks. The property also included a barn, a carriage shed and a horse stable with servants' room. From 1870 to 1968 the magistrates' house with its garden served the Schwarzenbek magistrates as a domicile.

The building has been a listed building since 1982. In 1988 it was restored and has served the city of Schwarzenbek as a cultural center ever since. It has become known nationwide through the exhibitions and cultural events that take place there. So far, works by Christian Modersohn , Harald Duwe , Günter Grass , Vicco von Bülow , Heinrich Vogeler , A. Paul Weber and Klaus Staeck have been exhibited there. The district judge's house has been sponsored by the Duchy of Lauenburg Foundation since January 2005 .

St. Francis Church

Francis Church

After almost a year of construction, the neo-Gothic Franziskuskirche was consecrated as a Protestant church on October 20, 1895. It replaced the half-timbered church of the same name, which stood in the same place and was built in 1748 and demolished in 1894 due to its dilapidation. Today's church, with a high tower by Lauenburg standards , was built by the master builder Johann Prösch according to the plans of the Hamburg architect Pieper.

Inside the church there are numerous art treasures, such as the bells from 1628 and 1645 and the oil paintings showing the pastors Wagner and Genzken. A copy of a painting by the Flemish painter Peter Paul Rubens shows the Lamentation of Christ and dates from 1650. There are also gilded goblets from the 17th and 18th centuries, wafer boxes and boxes, a silver communion jug and an altar candlestick from 1603 .

The original altar windows, which showed biblical scenes and represented the Reformation story, were destroyed in World War II. After the Second World War they were walled up until they were reopened in 1993 and redesigned with representations of St. Francis .

St. Michael Church

For the Catholics there is the St. Michael Church, which is right next to the primary school.

Low German language

Schwarzenbek is a pioneer with bilingual signposting in Schleswig-Holstein. On the recommendation of the Low German Council and the regional association of the Heimatbund and through the commitment of Schwarzenbek Irene Schnoor's honorary Low German representative, the place-name signs with the High German name of the town were replaced by High-German-Low German place-name signs on July 2, 2008. Previously, the spelling of the Low German name Swattenbeek was determined by a referendum . The regional differences in Low German and the historical name of the city were taken into account for the selection.

Leisure and sports facilities

Schwarzenbek has several sports facilities, including two sports fields, five sports halls, a shooting range, two tennis facilities (open air), a dance sports center, some football fields and a sports center for tennis, squash and dancing.

Regular events

• March: Daffodil Festival
• April / May: European week
• April-August: Aral Open Air (5-7 concerts)
• May: Rifle Festival of the Schwarzenbek rifle guild from 1894
• June: Wine Festival
• December: Festival of Lights

In addition, the farmers' market takes place every two years, as last in September 2011.

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

The Schwarzenbek station is on the Berlin – Hamburg railway and is served by the RE 1 regional transport line (Hamburg Hbf - Bergedorf - Schwarzenbek - Büchen - Hagenow (Land) - Schwerin - Rostock). Hamburg main station can be reached from Schwarzenbek in about 20 minutes, Berlin main station (with a change in Büchen to EuroCity ) in about 130 minutes.

Schwarzenbek is in tariff zone 706 of the Hamburger Verkehrsverbund .

The Schwarzenbek – Bad Oldesloe railway was in operation until 1985, and passenger traffic was discontinued in 1976.

Furthermore, several federal highways cross in Schwarzenbek:

• the federal highway 404 from the Elbe crossing at Geesthacht to Kiel
• the federal highway 207 , as Old Salt Road coming from Lübeck, to Hamburg-Bergedorf and
• the federal road 209 as the old salt road via Lauenburg / Elbe to Lüneburg .

The federal motorway 24 can be reached in a few minutes by car via the B 404 or B 207.

Resident companies (selection)

• Hauni Primary GmbH
• LMT Group

education

The elementary and community school, which emerged from the merger of the elementary and secondary school Friedrich-Wilhelm-Compe-Schule and the Realschule Schwarzenbek, the elementary and regional school of the Schwarzenbek Nordost school association and the European school Gymnasium Schwarzenbek an der Buschkoppel are located in Schwarzenbek , which offers space for around 1200 students and which moved into a new building in April 2008. After the grammar school has moved, the primary and community school pupils are now visiting the renovated former grammar school. The Centa-Wulf-Schule special needs school and the Schwarzenbek adult education center are also located in Schwarzenbek.

Personalities

Honorary citizen

• Hans Koch (1909–1993) was mayor of the city from 1950 to 1974 and is considered to be the pioneer of Schwarzenbek as a European city.

sons and daughters of the town

• Heinrich Ernst Bornemann (1780–1820), lawyer
• Johann Friedrich Christian Bornemann (1791–1868), spa doctor
• Konrad Freiberg (* 1951), 2000–2010 federal chairman of the GdP , 2013–2015 mayor of Schwarzenbek
• Johann Heinrich Vincent Nölting (1736–1806), theologian and philosopher, professor at the Academic Gymnasium in Hamburg
• Walter Seestern-Pauly (1829–1888), lawyer

Other personalities associated with the city

• Friedrich Wilhelm Compe (1751–1827), bailiff of Schwarzenbek
• Niclas Dombrowski (* 1991), handball player, lives in Schwarzenbek
• Ernst Genzken (1811–1882), pastor in Schwarzenbek from 1846 to 1882
• Oliver Hörner (* 1967), actor, lives in Schwarzenbek
• Gerd Krämer (* 1951), politician and district administrator, 1992–2002 mayor of Schwarzenbek
• Dirk Kruse (* 1964), writer, former pupil of the high school in Schwarzenbek
• Ernst Schefe (1875–1944), SPD politician, perished in Neuengamme concentration camp
• Stefan Schwab (* 1987), track and field athlete from TSV Schwarzenbek
• Friedrich Seestern-Pauly (1789–1866) was a bailiff in Schwarzenbek from 1827 to 1866
• Franz Erdmann von Sachsen-Lauenburg (1629–1666), Duke of Sachsen-Lauenburg , died in Schwarzenbek
• The Hamburg punk band Montreal originally comes from Schwarzenbek

Individual evidence

1. ↑ North Statistics Office - Population of the municipalities in Schleswig-Holstein 4th quarter 2019 (XLSX file) (update based on the 2011 census) ( help on this ).
2. ↑ Lübecker Nachrichten, November 26, 2014
3. ↑ National Day of Mourning. Schwarzenbeker memorial stones about war and persecution. Colorful letters against forgetting , p. 3, from: April 2012; accessed on: May 29, 2018
4. ^ Lübecker Nachrichten : The air raids on Geesthacht and Büchen , from: April 11, 2015; accessed on: May 27, 2018
5. ^ Lübecker Nachrichten : The air raids on Geesthacht and Büchen , from: April 11, 2015; accessed on: May 27, 2018
6. ^ Lübecker Nachrichten : Last fighting in spring 1945 , from: April 14, 2015; accessed on: May 29, 2018
7. ↑ National Day of Mourning. Schwarzenbeker memorial stones about war and persecution , p. 1, from: April 2012; accessed on: May 29, 2018
8. ^ City of Schwarzenbek Religion , 2011 census
9. ↑ City of Schwarzenbek facts and figures , accessed on October 6, 2019
10. ↑ http://wahlen.schwarzenbek.de
11. ↑ Homepage Free Voters Schwarzenbek (FWS)
12. ↑ Change from CDU to SPD - in Schwarzenbek it simmers. Norddeutscher Rundfunk, June 5, 2018, accessed on May 2, 2019 . 
13. ↑ Holger Marohn: Schwarzenbeker city councilor changes from the CDU to the SPD. Lübecker Nachrichten, June 1, 2018, accessed on May 2, 2019 . 
14. ^ City of Schwarzenbek: City Representation. Retrieved May 2, 2019 . 
15. ↑ Bergedorfer Zeitung from June 15, 2014
16. ↑ Lübecker Nachrichten of February 14, 2020
17. ↑ Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen Kreisverband Herzogtum Lauenburg / OV Schwarzenbek: Mayoral election in Schwarzenbek (May 17, 2020)
18. ↑ Lauenburger online newspaper March 11, 2020
19. ↑ ^{a b} Schleswig-Holstein's municipal coat of arms
20. ↑ Their roots are in the European city in: Bergedorfer Zeitung of October 10, 2009. Accessed on July 19, 2011.

Web links

Commons : Schwarzenbek  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• City of Schwarzenbek