Kaufering

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the Kaufering market
Kaufering
Map of Germany, position of the Kaufering market highlighted

Coordinates: 48 ° 5 '  N , 10 ° 51'  E

Basic data
State : Bavaria
Administrative region : Upper Bavaria
County : Landsberg am Lech
Height : 606 m above sea level NHN
Area : 17.69 km 2
Residents: 10,251 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 579 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 86916
Area code : 08191
License plate : LL
Community key : 09 1 81 128
Market structure: 2 parts of the community

Market administration address :
Pfälzerstraße 1 86916 Kaufering
Website : www.kaufering.de
Mayor : Thomas Salzberger ( SPD )
Location of the Kaufering market in the Landsberg am Lech district
Ammersee Landkreis Aichach-Friedberg Landkreis Augsburg Landkreis Ostallgäu Landkreis Weilheim-Schongau Landkreis Starnberg Landkreis Fürstenfeldbruck Windach Weil (Oberbayern) Utting am Ammersee Unterdießen Thaining Pürgen Schwifting Schondorf am Ammersee Scheuring Rott (Landkreis Landsberg am Lech) Reichling Prittriching Vilgertshofen Penzing (Bayern) Obermeitingen Landsberg am Lech Kinsau Kaufering Igling Hurlach Hofstetten (Oberbayern) Greifenberg Geltendorf Fuchstal Finning Eresing Egling an der Paar Eching am Ammersee Dießen am Ammersee Denklingen Apfeldorfmap
About this picture
Template: Infobox municipality in Germany / maintenance / market

Kaufering is a market in the Upper Bavarian district of Landsberg am Lech and is located about five kilometers north of the large district town of Landsberg am Lech .

geography

The original village center ( Altkaufering ) is on the east bank of the Lech , the much larger settlement ( Neukaufering ) begins around 500 meters from the west bank and is on the old federal road 17 .

The municipality has two officially named parts of the municipality (the type of settlement is indicated in brackets ):

history

founding

The oldest sources in Kaufering go back to the 6th century. At that time, Germanic tribes invaded southern Germany and founded the town on the Lech . The elder of the clan at that time was probably called Kufo , the ending -ing of the current name indicates the Germanic origin. In the course of time, the place names Kiviringin , Kiviringen , Chuferingen , Kuferingen and Kufringen emerged .

The first written mention of the place Kaufering comes from the year 1033. At that time the Benediktbeuern monastery acquired an estate in the place under the abbot Gothelm .

middle Ages

View of the old town from the northwest

During the Middle Ages , Kaufering was owned by the Guelphs . The Bavarian Duke Welf V died in 1120 at Kaufering Castle, whose stables are next to the church. The most important representative of the family, Heinrich the Lion , who founded Munich with the help of the destruction of the Freising Isar Bridge, had the course of the Salt Road from Kaufering relocated a few kilometers further up the river, which resulted in the development of the neighboring town of Landsberg am Lech . As a result, Kaufering Castle lost its importance, which it soon fell into disrepair. The entire development of the place was also slowed down by the relocation of the salt road.

19th century

Only the construction of the railway in 1872 brought an upswing in the development of the community. For technical reasons, the railway line could not pass through the neighboring district town, which made Kaufering an important train station. The lines Munich - Buchloe and Augsburg - Landsberg am Lech (also called Lechfeldbahn ) cross there.

20th century

In 1944, towards the end of the Second World War, the largest concentration camp complex in the German Reich was built around Landsberg and Kaufering with 11 external concentration camps . All the concentration camp commands were called “Kaufering”. On June 18, 1944, the first transport with 1,000 prisoners from the Auschwitz concentration camp arrived in Kaufering. As part of the “Ringeltaube” armaments project, they were supposed to build three gigantic underground bunkers for the production of the Messerschmitt Me 262 jet fighter . Until March 9, 1945 , the Luxembourg concentration camp priest Jules Jost registered 28,838 Jewish concentration camp prisoners in the external commandos . Because of the inhumane accommodation, due to hunger, cold, diseases such as typhus and the exploitation of the labor force up to extermination, the prisoners called the concentration camps of Kaufering "cold crematoria". By the end of October 1944, anyone who could no longer work was sent back to Auschwitz and to the gas chambers in the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp . From November 1944, the prisoners from the Kaufering / Landsberg concentration camp command were no longer deported, but died in the camp. The bodies were buried in mass graves in the area. Only about 15,000 prisoners survived the last phase of the Holocaust in these camps and were liberated by the American army on April 27, 1945. The preserved earth huts and barracks with clay tube vaults of the Kaufering VII camp are listed. In addition to the foundation of the kitchen barracks of Kaufering III, the bunker Weingut II in the Welfen barracks and the numerous cemeteries in the district, these are the last remains of the Kaufering / Landsberg satellite camp .

After the end of the Second World War, a large refugee camp was formed between the train station and the old town center. From the late 1940s a settlement was built there, from which today's Neukaufering (also known as Kaufering-West ) arose.

21st century

Kaufering train station

The Lechtalbad in Kaufering changed hands in 2004 and is now back in the Landsberg district. In addition, the outdoor pool was converted into a self-cleaning natural pool. Built in the late 1960s, it was operated as a district bath for a long time. The spacious outdoor pool, indoor pool and sauna area were popular. In 1990 the renovated renovation of the indoor swimming pool and the sauna area was put into operation. After economic difficulties, the district decided to transfer the bathroom to a private investor who, however, disinvested it again after a short time.

Karlheinz Schreiber , German arms dealer, lived in his Kaufering villa until he moved to Canada, which was also searched as part of the investigation, and lives again in Kaufering after his trial in Augsburg in 2014.

Kaufering with its centrally located train station is a magnet for commuters to Munich, so that an expansion of the MVV tariff area ( Munich Transport and Tariff Association ) could be considered. The final stop of the S4 S-Bahn line ( Ebersberg - Geltendorf ) remains Geltendorf .

At the end of October 2007, the district council of the Landsberg am Lech district decided to build a secondary school in Kaufering. This was completed in early September 2010 and put into operation at the start of school.

On the occasion of the 975th anniversary, Kaufering was promoted to market by the Bavarian state government on September 11, 2008 .

Population development

Between 1988 and 2019 the community grew from 8,243 to 10,251 by 2,008 inhabitants or 24.4%.

politics

Municipal council

The municipal council of Kaufering consists of 24 council members and the mayor. The municipal council election on March 16, 2014 led to the following result with a turnout of 49.6%:

Party / list Share of votes Seats
CSU / Citizens' Block 26.6% 6th
SPD 13.1% 3
Green / alternative list 19.9% 5
Kauferinger center 16.6% 4th
Independent citizens' association 16.3% 4th
Free voters 7.4% 2
total 100% 24

mayor

Erich Püttner was the first mayor from April 2012 to April 2018. He was elected to this office in March 2012 with 59.8% of the valid votes. In November 2011, Klaus Bühler resigned from the office of mayor after 25 years in office. In April 2018 Bärbel Wagener-Bühler became the first mayor of Kaufering, she is the daughter of former mayor Klaus Bühler. After a little over a year, she resigned from office on August 31, 2019. Since October 6, 2019, the social democrat Thomas Salzberger has been the new mayor of the market town of Kaufering.

Town twinning

Culture and sights

Pilgrimage Church of St. Leonhard

Buildings and natural monuments

Kaufering Castle , whose owner was Baron Albrecht Sigmund von Donnersberg († after 1717) at the turn of the 17th and 18th centuries , no longer exists today.

The now no longer existing Schloss Kaufering towards the end of the 17th century, after a copper engraving by Michael Wening

See also: List of architectural monuments in Kaufering

Memorials

  • Memorial for concentration camp victims on Bahnhofsplatz, erected in 2010
    The Kaufering-Nord concentration camp cemetery at Lech barrage 18 , with its graves and a memorial stone, commemorates 48 unknown mostly Jewish victims of forced labor in the Second World War
  • 500 victims are buried at the Kaufering-Süd concentration camp cemetery ; they are commemorated with a memorial stone;
  • The concentration camp cemetery of the Kaufering IV subcamp houses 360 Jewish prisoners who were murdered shortly before the end of the war on the orders of camp doctor Max Blancke ;
  • In an allotment garden, the former site of the Kaufering III concentration camp, the first memorial stone next to the concentration camp cemeteries in the Landsberg / Kaufering area was erected in 1984 on the initiative of Anton Posset and the Landsberg citizens' association in the 20th century with a warning inscription in view of all the concentration camps Sacrifice erected. The text of this memorial stone "Vandalized and sacrificed ones admonish you - people do not let go of striving for freedom, peace and justice" was developed by Anton Posset in a discussion with Viktor Frankl . The memorial stone stands on the remaining foundations of the kitchen barrack. The then mayor Jung donated the memorial stone. At the inauguration of the memorial stone on November 11, 1984, Viktor Frankl was present as a former camp inmate and gave a memorial speech. He then faced a discussion with the district citizens and was led by Anton Posset through the remains of the Kaufering camp complex.
  • At the station there is a memorial for all the victims of the concentration camp, at the inauguration of which in 2010 survivors of the Kaufering subcamp were also present. The memorial was created by Friedrich Schreiber in collaboration with the "Verein Gedenken in Kaufering e.V." donated.

Soil monuments

See: List of archaeological monuments in Kaufering

Economy and Infrastructure

Due to the good transport connections to Munich and Augsburg, Kaufering has developed into a strong commuter place. To a lesser extent, however, the market is also the destination of commuters, mainly employees of the largest employer and trade tax payer, the German headquarters of Hilti AG . In addition, Kaufering is the seat of several medium-sized machine and apparatus manufacturing companies.

Rail transport

Kaufering station building

The double-track Allgäu Railway , which runs from Munich to Lindau , and the single-track Lechfeld Railway , which runs from Bobingen via Kaufering to Landsberg am Lech, run through Markt Kaufering . The two railway lines intersect at the only Kaufering train station in the municipality.

Kaufering station was opened in 1872 by the Royal Bavarian State Railways as a through station on the Buchloe – Kaufering – Landsberg line. A year later, the entire Munich – Kaufering – Buchloe line was put into operation, so that the station became a separation station and direct train connections to Munich were possible. Kaufering station received a three-storey reception building with a hipped roof , which is still occupied by a dispatcher today. With the opening of the railway line to Bobingen in 1877, the station became a crossing station . Direct rail connections to Augsburg could be offered. Due to the DAG ammunition factory and the Kaufering subcamp, the Deutsche Reichsbahn expanded the station by six tracks during the Second World War . At the end of the 1980s and 1990s, the station building was modernized and some of the track systems were dismantled. A park-and-ride car park has now been created on the former area of ​​the tracks for the DAG .

As the crossing station between the Allgäu and Lechfeldbahn, the station now has five platform tracks on two central platforms and a house platform , which are connected to one another by a pedestrian underpass . The platforms are covered and equipped with a digital train destination display. However, the two central platforms are not barrier-free . There is a public waiting room in the reception building. From Kaufering there are half-hourly connections to Munich and Buchloe with the Regional Express trains to Munich , Memmingen , Füssen and Kempten and the alex to Munich, Lindau and Oberstdorf . Landsberg am Lech can also be reached by regional trains every half hour; trains to Augsburg via Bobingen only run every hour. The state capital Munich and the city of Augsburg can be reached by train in around 40 minutes.

Established businesses

Personalities

literature

  • Landsberg Citizens' Association in the 20th Century: From Hitler's fortress imprisonment to War Crimes Prison N ° 1: The Landsberg Prison in the Mirror of History ISBN 3-9803775-0-4 .
  • Citizens' Association Landsberg in the 20th Century: Death March and Liberation - Landsberg in April 1945: The End of the Holocaust in Bavaria ISBN 3-9803775-1-2 .
  • Landsberg Citizens' Association in the 20th Century: The National Socialist Place of Pilgrimage "Landsberg: 1933–1937: The" Hitler City "becomes the" City of Youth " ISBN 3-9803775-2-0 .
  • Landsberg citizens' association in the 20th century: The Kaufering concentration camp command 1944/45: The extermination of the Jews in the "Ringeltaube" armaments project ISBN 3-9803775-3-9 .
  • Landsberg Citizens' Association in the 20th Century: The Landsberg SS Labor Camp 1944/45: French resistance fighters in the German concentration camp ISBN 3-9803775-4-7 .
  • Landsberg Citizens' Association in the 20th Century: Landsberg 1945–1950: The Jewish New Beginning after the Shoah - The future came from the Landsberg DP camp ISBN 3-9803775-5-5 .
  • Peter Johann Gardosch (pseudonym: Peter Herzog): The reparation. Trafo-Verlag Berlin, ISBN 3-89626-506-7 .

Web links

Commons : Kaufering  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Weblinks on the subject of KZ Kommando Kaufering / Landsberg

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ^ Kaufering municipality in the local database of the Bavarian State Library Online . Bavarian State Library, accessed on September 8, 2019.
  3. ↑ Allegra, Rachel, Suzanne, Laura: Jüdische Schicksale im KZ-Subcamp Kaufering VII. Monumente 1, 2016, p. 34 f.
  4. ↑ Karlheinz Schreiber turns 80: Kaufering instead of jail in Abendzeitung-muenchen.de (accessed April 25, 2014)
  5. ^ Bulletin of the municipality of Kaufering from October 2008
  6. ↑ StBA Area: changes from 01.01. until December 31, 2008
  7. ^ Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing
  8. ↑ Between “stimulating figure” and man with a lot of knowledge , on augsburger-allgemeine.de
  9. ↑ Kaufering's mayor Bärbel Wagener-Bühler resigns . https://www.kreisbote.de , May 27, 2019, accessed on October 24, 2019 .
  10. ↑ Thomas Salzberger is Kaufering's new mayor . https://www.kreisbote.de , October 7, 2019, accessed on October 24, 2019 .
  11. ↑ a b Michael Wening : Description of the Elector and Duchy of Upper and Nidern Bavaria. Part I, Munich 1701, p. 140.
  12. ↑ Memorial sites for the victims of National Socialism. A documentation. Volume 1, Federal Agency for Civic Education, Bonn 1995, ISBN 3-89331-208-0 , p. 153 f.
  13. ^ Walter Rothschild : Another Memorial Van: At Kaufering. In: HaRakevet 109 (June 2015), p. 13 (109: 7, VI).
  14. ↑ In memory of the 30000kreisboten.de, April 15, 2009, accessed on May 8, 2020.
  15. ^ History of the Kaufering train station. In: kaufering.de. Markt Kaufering, accessed on February 16, 2014 .
  16. ↑ Peter Rasch: The branch lines between Ammersee, Lech and Wertach. With the Ammerseebahn, Pfaffenwinkelbahn & Co around the Bavarian Rigi . EOS Verlag, St. Ottilien 2011, ISBN 978-3-8306-7455-9 , pp. 66-72 .
  17. ↑ Kaufering: After 54 years a political veteran ceases. In: Augsburger Allgemeine . April 22nd, 2020, accessed on April 28th, 2020 (introduction only, full article is behind payment barrier).