Grimnitzsee (Berlin)
| Grimnitzsee | ||
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| View of the west bank. The red facades of the Birkenwäldchen settlement shimmer through the trees. | ||
| Geographical location | Berlin-Wilhelmstadt , north of Heerstrasse | |
| Drain | Grimnitzgraben (around 130 m long) to the Havel | |
| Places on the shore | Birkenwäldchen settlement (architectural and garden monument) | |
| Data | ||
| Coordinates | 52 ° 30 '54 " N , 13 ° 12' 2" E | |
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| Altitude above sea level | 29.6 m | |
| surface | 7.22 ha | |
| length | approx. 400 m | |
| width | approx. 200 m | |
| Middle deep | approx. 3 m | |
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particularities |
The lake is listed as Berlin Landscape Protection Area No. 11 |
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The Grimnitzsee is a 7.22 hectare comprehensive lake in the district Wilhelm City of Berlin Spandau . The body of water located next to the Havel and connected to the river has been designated as a landscape protection area since 1955 . The Birkenwäldchen settlement from 1926/1928, which was included in the Berlin State Monument List as a garden and architectural monument, stretches along the west bank .
Location and geology
The approximately 200 meters wide and 400 meters long Grimnitzsee is the Wilhelm townspeople local situation Pichelsdorf . It is located in the corner between Heerstraße (shared route of the federal highways B 2 and B 5 ), Pichelsdorfer Straße or Tharsanderweg and the Havel, from which it is separated by a strip of land around 80 meters wide. The approximately 130-meter-long Grimnitzgraben, which is passable for sports boats , connects the lake with the Havel. The canal runs from the northeast end of the lake in an arc to the southeast through the strip of land and reaches the Havel just before the Frey Bridge on Heerstrasse. To the east of the Havel, the Tiefwerder Wiesen nature reserve joins one of the last Berlin floodplain and spawning areas for pike . A small, non-navigable ditch leads from the southwestern tip of the lake parallel to Heerstraße through a meadow and then further below Pichelsdorfer Straße to the Südparkich in the adjoining Südpark, which was created in 1923 on the swampy meadows of Börnicker Lake.
The lake lies in one of the two large Elsterglacial drainage channels that reach the Berlin urban area from the north. The gully west of the Havel extends under the Spandau Forest in a south-easterly direction to Hakenfelde . “It continues in the Havelrinne, that of Hakenfelde under the Spandau Citadel , crossing the Spree between the mouth and Sophienwerder , over the southern port of Spandau , Grimnitzsee, Pichelssee, Schildhorn , Havelberg, Schwanenwerder , Großer Wannsee , Nikolassee to about Dreilinden and further to the south. ”Compared to today's Berlin flow systems and the Berlin glacial valley , which formed at the end of the last ice age , the Vistula Ice Age , around 18,000 years ago, this channel is the third to last ice age (from 475,000 to 370,000 years before our era) very old. It reaches down to 100 meters below sea level and, as a mighty aquifer made of glacial sediments, is of great importance for today's Berlin water management .
Landscape protection area
With an ordinance of October 11, 1955, the state of Berlin placed the lake area of the Grimnitzsee, along with the reeds and meadow meadows, under landscape protection. The area of the water body, which is now listed as landscape protection area No. 11, was given in the last amending ordinance of September 22, 1982 as 7.22 hectares. In biotope and species protection , the Senate Department for Urban Development and Environmental Protection runs the LSG under species reservoirs / connecting biotopes as type F for types of damp and wet locations (wet meadows, swamp forests, ditches, lakes). In their list of proposals for compensation measures, the Berlin nature conservation associations established in 2005 that the Tharsanderweg property owners use a strip of shore as a house garden as an extension of their property (40 in total). As an upgrading measure for the renaturation of the bank area and the development of biotope qualities, the working group demanded the evacuation of the parcels and the "removal of the illegal jetties".
On the shores of the Grimnitzsee there are occasional reeds and weeping willows (Salix alba 'Tristis') determine the landscape on the banks . In the shallower lake areas, pond roses and white water lilies dominate . Foreign water lilies have been planted here and there. After the lake was dredged in 1956 to remove the silt layer , crab claws , swan flowers and arrowheads disappeared . Ducks and rails are at home on the lake . Due to the connection channel to the river, the fish population corresponds to that of the Havel, i.e. in addition to pike mainly eel , pikeperch , perch , roach , tench and carp .
Etymology and Slavic settlement
The name Grimnitzsee is of Slavic origin. After Winfried Schich the name is derived from the Slavic gremęc = 'thundering', 'noisy'. However, Reinhard E. Fischer gives the same name for the Grimnitzsee in Brandenburg - without mentioning the basic Slavic word - the meaning of lake surrounded by bushes or lake with bushes .
The Grimnitzsee belonged to the sphere of influence of the independent city of Spandau until 1920 , which is significantly older than the Berlin founding parts Cölln and Berlin. A Slavic settlement on the lake, proven by finds, was part of a settlement chamber in the catchment area of Heveller - Spandau Castle . There are no finds from the Suebian or earlier settlement times.
Environment and development
Colony Grimnitzsee and Plastik Apoll
Three quarters of the east bank is taken up by the Grimnitzsee colony, which is enclosed like a peninsula by the Heerstraße separating south, the Grimnitzseeostufer, the Grimnitzgraben to the Havel and the Havel itself. Water sports clubs and smaller single-family houses occupy the area that is not accessible to the public in the bank areas, apart from a narrow strip northwest of the Frey Bridge. To the north of the Grimnitzgraben there are meadows. The Wildwuchs eco-project , part of the Wilhelmstadt youth center, is located at the southern tip of the lake . The facility sees itself as a stand-alone and independent environmental educational project with district-related and cross-district tasks, activities and offers. Among other things, it offers a large sports and leisure area based on an ecological concept with an organic garden, a stable with small animals and a clay oven .
The sculpture Apoll is located on the south-western meadow at the corner of Heerstraße / Pichelsdorfer Straße . She represents Apollo , in Greek and Roman mythology the god of light, spring , moral purity and moderation, as well as prophecy and the arts , especially music , poetry and song . The work of an unknown artist and an unknown date of origin was placed here in 1964 and shows a seated, naked god with a kithara . The bronze - casting formerly owned Hermann Goering and was part of its collection in Carin Hall . The land on the Tharsanderweg and then the Birkenwäldchen settlement follow the meadow to the north.
Birkenwäldchen settlement
The Birkenwäldchen settlement stands as a whole and the open spaces of the settlement are protected as a garden monument . The settlement comprises the residential blocks Pichelsdorfer Strasse 28–48, Genfenbergstrasse 3–16 and 17–31, Götelstrasse 59 (part of the block Genfenbergstrasse 17–31) and Grimnitzseeweg 3–15. The buildings date from 1926 to 1928 and the gardens from 1928. The architect of the buildings and designer of the open spaces was the senior building officer Richard Ermisch , who designed the building complex of the Wannsee lido among other Berlin buildings . In both cases, the execution was up to the client Richard Steil.
As with other settlements, Ermisch also used expressive means of expression for the four-story low-rise buildings, including variously varied wall connections. The facades are in two shades of red, from which the white windows and attics stand out. The elongated block of flats at Götelstrasse 59 / Genfenberstrasse 17–31, which follows the course of Genfenbergstrasse in a closed arc, stands out as a particularly striking building. The open spaces are kept as open lawns, interspersed with some birch trees and ornamental plants such as the Japanese cherry on the buildings . On Pichelsdorfer Strasse, a colonnade loosens up the building ensemble. The protected green area has a children's playground . The areas continue as a park-like arrangement to the banks of the Grimnitzsee, whereby the wide, light meadows in this part are made up of some deciduous trees next to birches .
Street names
The street names of the settlement provide further information on the history of the area. The Götelstraße is named after the Götelwiesen or Götelfeld, which were located north of the Grimnitzsee and were probably called Jätelwiesen or Jätelfeld in the past (see also the historical map above). The street was named before 1879. Genfenbergstraße bears the name of the teacher Johannes Genfenberg, who is mentioned as director in the oldest document of the Spandau city school from 1330. The Tharsanderweg bears the pseudonym of the theologian and writer Georg Wilhelm Wegner , whose extensive library, which has been partially preserved, forms a large part of the historical holdings of the church library in the museum of the St. Nikolai community in Spandau .
See also
literature
- Südpark-See and Grimnitzsee . In: Klaus-Dieter Wille: Berliner Landseen II , Haude and Spener , Berlin 1974, pp. 53–56. ISBN 3-7759-0170-1 .
Web links
References and comments
- ↑ a b Bernhard Forner, Wolfgang Goßel: Conception of a resource-saving water management for the Berlin region. Part 1, history of a landscape and its water. Publisher: Federation for the Environment and Nature Conservation Germany Landesverband Berlin e. V. (BUND Berlin), 1996, p. 19 wolfgang-gossel.de (PDF; 7.2 MB)
- ^ Ordinance on the protection of a part of the landscape in the Spandau administrative district of Berlin. From October 11, 1955 (PDF; 19 kB)
- ↑ Berlin, Protected Areas property set 11
- ↑ Landscape Program , Species Protection Program 1994, pp. 73, 79 (PDF; 2.2 MB) Senate Department for Urban Development and Environmental Protection
- ↑ List of suggestions from the Berlin nature conservation associations for compensation measures. Ed .: Berliner Landesarbeitsgemeinschaft Naturschutz e. V., Berlin 2005, p. 20 (as of April 2009 there were no changes as of April 2009) bln-berlin.de ( Memento of the original from July 3, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 470 kB)
- ↑ Südpark-See and Grimnitzsee . In: Klaus-Dieter Wille: Berliner Landseen II . Haude and Spener , Berlin 1974, ISBN 3-7759-0170-1 , p. 54 f.
- ↑ Winfried Schich: The emergence of the medieval city of Spandau . In: Wolfgang Ribbe (ed.): Slavic castle, state fortress, industrial center. Studies on the history of the city and district of Spandau. Colloqium-Verlag, Berlin 1983, p. 90, ISBN 3-7678-0593-6 . (Schich refers to information from Reinhold Trautmann.)
- ↑ Reinhard E. Fischer: The place names of the states of Brandenburg and Berlin , Volume 13 of the Brandenburg Historical Studies on behalf of the Brandenburg Historical Commission, be.bra Wissenschaft verlag, Berlin-Brandenburg 2005, p. 69 ISBN 3-937233-30-X , ISSN 1860-2436 .
- ↑ Eberhard Bohm: The last 150 years of the Hevellian Alt-Spandau . In: Wolfgang Ribbe (ed.): Slavic castle, state fortress, industrial center. Studies on the history of the city and district of Spandau. Colloqium-Verlag, Berlin 1983, pp. 21, 26, ISBN 3-7678-0593-6 .
- ^ Eberhard Bohm: The early history of the Berlin area (6th century BC to the 12th century AD) . In: Wolfgang Ribbe (Ed.), Publication of the Historical Commission in Berlin: History of Berlin . 1. Volume, Verlag CH Beck, Munich 1987, ISBN 3-406-31591-7 , pp. 71, 88.
- ↑ Stiftung Naturschutz Berlin ( Memento of the original from September 8, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Ecological project "Wildwuchs"
- ↑ Sculpture in Berlin ( Memento of the original from August 4, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Apollo
- ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List
- ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List
- ↑ Richard Ermisch. In: arch INFORM .
- ↑ Götelstrasse. In: Street name lexicon of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein (near Kaupert )
- ↑ Genfenbergstrasse. In: Street name lexicon of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein (near Kaupert )
- ↑ Tharsanderweg. In: Street name lexicon of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein (near Kaupert )
- ↑ Evangelische Kirchengemeinde St. Nikolai Berlin-Spandau ( Memento of the original from June 14, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Museum, library, archive
- ↑ Evangelical Church Community St. Nikolai Berlin-Spandau ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF) Looked through the keyhole, insights into the Spandau church library
