Tiefwerder meadows

Landscape protection area Tiefwerder-Wiesen
Bohlensteg through the Tiefwerder meadows
Geographical location	Berlin Havel / Spreetal lowlands
Tributaries	Havel
Drain	Havel arms → Stößensee → Havel
Places on the shore	Tiefwerder
Location close to the shore	Berlin-Spandau , Berlin-Charlottenburg
Data
Coordinates	52 ° 30 '59 "  N , 13 ° 12' 27"  E Coordinates: 52 ° 30 '59 "  N , 13 ° 12' 27"  E
Altitude above sea level	about 30 m
surface	66.7 ha (entire protected area)
length	about 1,600 m (entire protected area)
width	about 900 m (entire protected area)
Maximum depth	about 1 m
particularities	Natural floodplain , pike spawning area

The Tiefwerder Meadows are a radical of the former meadowland in Havel - / Spreetalniederung on the Berliner Tiefwerder and valley area of the flow Peninsula Pichelswerder in the district Wilhelmstadt of Spandau . The wet meadows are criss-crossed by old arms of the Havel and have been under protection as a landscape protection area (LSG) with an area of ​​66.7 ha since 1960  . The lazy lake , which emerged from an arm of the Havel, is located in the LSG .

The natural floodplain is the last Berlin Hecht - spawning area . Due to the sinking of the Havel water level, the accessibility of the meadows for the pike has already deteriorated dramatically since 1990. The German Unity 17 transport project , the implementation of which would result in a further drop in the water level, is an additional threat to the biotope . Endangered species such as the bladder sedge grow on the sedge-shaped wet meadows in Berlin . The LSG is an important inner-city link in the Havel biotope network . The river serves, for example, as a flight path for bats and as a migration guide for the beaver, which is back in Berlin . The State of Berlin has been examining the extension of the protection status to a nature reserve since 2007 .

Territorial boundaries

The greatly indented landscape protection area lies between the Havel, the Havelchaussee and the highway ( Federal Straße 2 / 5 ).

It begins in the north with a narrow point east of the freedom meadows on the Tiefwerder. The western boundary of the area runs to the southwest between an allotment garden / weekend settlement and a forest and meadow area, then further along the Faulen See, at the end of which it crosses the Kleiner Jürgengraben. In the lowland area south of the village of Tiefwerder, the border turns to the west and leads along the Kleiner Jürgengraben to the Havel. Along the river and the Havelseenweg, the western border stretches to the south almost to the Freybrücke and after a short detour reaches Heerstraße on the Pichelswerder .

Location of the LSG Tiefwerder-Wiesen (borders of the LSG dashed green) in the Spree - Havel lowlands

The eastern border runs from the narrow northern tip of the area - leaving out the Tiefwerder waterworks - to the south along the Havelchaussee or the Havelal arm Hohler Weg, which flows into the Stößensee . It also runs parallel to the district border with Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf , which runs along the S-Bahn embankment of the Spandauer Vorortbahn , which in turn rises a few meters from the Havelchaussee. Directly in front of the Stößensee, the LSG border crosses the Hohlen Weg to the west to the Steffenhorn, runs below the Schulzenwall and Langenwall at the main ditch back north. Then it circles the weekend settlement on a hill of Pichelswerder at the cross ditch to the Toten Mantel, turns south again below the hill and reaches Heerstraße past the Pichelswerder natural gas storage facility . The southern boundary runs along Heerstrasse for around 300 meters. The landscape protection area reaches its greatest length from north to south at around 1.6 kilometers, while the greatest width from west to east is around 900 meters.

During the division of Germany, a small part of the Tiefwerder Meadows was claimed by the GDR as an exclave of the Seeburg community . Due to the objection of the British authorities, this claim had no consequences.

Geology, natural space and climate

The Tiefwerder meadows are located in the southern area where the Spree flows into the Havel. The Spree valley runs in the glacial glacial Berlin glacial valley , which is made up of mighty sands that can be more than 20 meters thick. The Havel follows a glacial gully and crosses the glacial valley without using it over a longer distance.

Tiefwerder on a map from 1842 (detail). The Elsgraben from the Spree to the Faulen See has already been mapped.

Separated from the Havelchaussee and the S-Bahn embankment, the Schanzenwald, which also belongs to the valley sand area of ​​the Spreeniederung, joins in the east. The Schanzenwald merges into the Murellenberge and forms with them the nature reserve Murellenschlucht and Schanzenwald . The hilly area of compression and terminal moraines belongs to the northwestern edge of the Teltowplateus . Although the Tiefwerder meadows and the Schanzenwald run parallel to each other only a few meters apart on both sides of the Havelchaussee, the originally connected natural area is now separated by the S-Bahn wall of the Spandauer Vorortbahn ("Olympiabahn"). The railway was installed in the course of preparations for the Summer Olympics , which were planned for 1916, were canceled because of the First World War and only took place 20 years later in Berlin.

West of the Havelrinne lies the former Börnicker Lake (also Birnicker Lake) lowland, on whose swampy meadows the Spandauer Südpark with the Südparksee was created in 1923 . The channel runs out to Scharfen Lanke and Grimnitzsee , which is opposite the Tiefwerder meadows on the other side of the Havel. South of Heerstraße, the LSG Tiefwerder-Wiesen is followed by the Pichelswerder landscape protection area, after which the Havel canalized near Tiefwerder opens into the southern Berlin Havel chain of lakes . The Tiefwerder meadows are assigned to the Brandenburg-Potsdamer Havel area (No. 812) in the natural space unit D 12a (East German lowlands, Central Brandenburg plateaus and lowlands) .

The Tiefwerder meadows are located in a temperate climate zone in the transition area from the Atlantic climate of Northern / Western Europe to the continental climate of Eastern Europe. The climate corresponds to that of the Berlin outskirts.

→ Climate section in the Berlin article

Anthropogenic influences on flood dynamics

Meadows partially wet after heavy rainfall in November 2010

The biotope and landscape function of the Tiefwerder meadows (also known as pike-spawning meadows ) depends on their flood dynamics , which in turn are largely subject to the water level of the Havel and human influences. As a result of the storage effect of the Havel lakes, the river has relatively balanced water levels and, due to its low gradient - on average around 0.05% (i.e. 5 cm per kilometer) - runs smoothly through the country.

middle Ages

Archaeological finds - fragments of Prague type vessels - from the sixth to eighth centuries show that there was an early Slavic settlement on the east bank of the Faulen See ( Wirchen Lake until the 19th century ). The Slavic settlement period of the Middle Ages did not affect the water balance of the area. However, the names of most of the Havel oxbow lakes and the former lake name, which is very likely borrowed from the name of the settlement ( Wirchen from Slavic verch / virch = height, elevation - based on the neighboring Teltow slopes), go back to this period.

→ Section early Slavic settlement in the main article: Tiefwerder

After the German occupation increased by 1180, particularly through the mill congestion of the city of Brandenburg , Havel water level by backwater in Spandau clearly what promoted the flooding dynamics of the area. The first water regulations in the modern pre-industrial period (1500–1750) had no significant impact on the water balance of the area.

Havel regulations, Elsgraben

Havel, south port of Spandau

Until the middle of the 19th century, the widely ramified network of estuary arms of the Spree and numerous branches of the Havel flooded the valley between the Spree and Pichelswerder. In 1880 and 1881, the canalization of the Havel, which meanders strongly at Tiefwerder, and the river regulations in the course of the expansion of the southern port at Tiefwerder in 1908 had lasting effects on the water network. However, good flooding dynamics were maintained, among other things by the Elsgraben , which was created in 1832 , the flood of the Spree directly in who directed the Tiefwerder Wiesen. The moat , which was navigable until 1886 and gradually filled in until around 1930 , connected the (old) Spree across from what was then Otternbucht (approximately at the level of today's Reuter thermal power station ) with Faulen See. The ditch was supposed to protect Spandau in the event of flooding by directing the water over the Faulen See to the Havel before entering the city. The Elsgraben also drained the silting bog Fließwiese Ruhleben , a former dead ice channel and the northern continuation of the dry valley Murellenschlucht , into the Tiefwerder Wiesen.

Housing Development and Conflicts of Interest

At the beginning of the 20th century, the construction of settlements narrowed the floodplain more and more. In 1816 the fishing village of Tiefwerder was laid out on a higher-lying and flood-free area. From 1910 industrial plants were built in the northern part. In 1910/12 the construction of the Heerstraße followed, which divides the Stößensee on an embankment and also Pichelswerder. The drinking water production of the Tiefwerder waterworks led to a lowering of the groundwater from 1914, so that allotment garden colonies and weekend houses could be built south of the village and along some ditches . The freedom meadows to the north were filled with rubble after the Second World War .

Weekend settlement at the connecting ditch Toter Mantel - main ditch

The Spree flows into the Havel, on the right the Schüttmühle Berlin

Lake at the confluence of the Grosser Jürgengraben, Faulem See, Hauptgraben, Kleinem Jürgengraben

The remaining floodplain area in the Tiefwerder-Wiesen landscape protection area today only consists of a limited lowland area south of the village. In this area, the state of Berlin had a road embankment and piled-up paths removed in the 1980s and replaced the footpaths with footbridges and bridges in order to protect the wet meadows. In 2005, the Spandau Nature Conservation Office gave notice to 67 tenants who held allotment parcels on land owned by the LSG to renaturate the land. Since then, most of the parcels have been cleared and their arbours dismantled , but in 2008 the Court of Appeal approved those allotment gardeners who had sued the dismissal. Today, some residents are resisting the electric fences that were erected for the commercial keeping of water buffalo, goats and sheep and that encompass all of the former recreational areas.

German Unity Transport Project 17

Factors such as the reduction of the Spree tributaries in the Lausitz (the volume of water that the Spree supplied to the Havel was up to 1990 with 38 m³ / s compared to 15 m³ / s more than twice as high as that of the Havel itself) or The deepening of the Havel has led to a lowering of the Havel water level since 1990. In addition, the flooding dynamics continued to deteriorate, so that even the small remaining area will only be accessible for pike in some years ( see below ). For example, if the water level fell below 29.55 m above sea  level on only 220 days per year before 1990, it was already around 310 days in the 2000s.

The dynamic of the floods is threatened by the traffic project "German Unity" 17 (VDE No. 17), after which push convoys with up to 2000  tons and with a discharge depth of up to 2.8 meters can reach the Westhafen . The - for ecological reasons very controversial - federal waterway connection Rüllen - Magdeburg - Berlin implies, among other things, an expansion of the Lower Havel waterway , the Elbe-Havel Canal , and the straightening of a section of the Spree. The entire route is to be dredged to a depth of 4 meters and, depending on the bank profile, to 42 to 55 meters (in curves up to 72 meters) water level width.

In an interim report on the transport project, the Berlin House of Representatives stated in February 2009: “Due to the lowering of the water levels due to the expansion (according to the old plans 1 to a maximum of 13 cm depending on the runoff situation, low / medium / high water), the Tiefwerder meadows are no longer with the same dynamism as it is today. ”If the project is actually implemented despite all resistance and objections , the State of Berlin aims to use a compensatory measure to implement artificial irrigation of the Tiefwerder meadows with Havel water and to have fish ladders built. The Federal Waterways and Shipping Administration is planning to:

“As part of the intervention management for VDE 17, WNA B is now planning, in close coordination with the responsible district and senate administrations, the construction and operation of two small lift systems with which the water level dynamics recorded before 1990 on the pike- spawning meadows will be simulated in the future should. When the water levels are high, water from the Havel is then transferred to the lower-lying Tiefwerder meadows. In order to keep the water in the wetland for as long as possible, a natural, rough ramp is to be created in the drainage area towards the Jürgengraben, which fish can also pass. In this way, the valuable wetland biotope is sustainably protected against the effects of VDE 17, but also from use-related and climatic changes in the Havel catchment area. "

- VDE 17 - A chance for the Tiefwerder meadows, June 2008

Flora and fauna

Dog rose bush on the edge of the meadow

Boardwalk through reeds

The specially protected water sword lily in the Tiefwerder meadows

The description of the species-rich flora and fauna of the Tiefwerder Meadows refers to the existence of the 2000s.

Plants and plant communities

Sedge and reed beds

The flooded Großseggenwiesen , which dominated the Tiefwerder meadows for a long time, are declining due to the increasingly rare floods. The up to two meters high bank sedge can still be found at the edges of the water. From the genus of sedges, Schlankseggenriede characterize the wet meadow areas and fallow land. The characteristic species of the plant community , the slim sedge , is a perennial , herbaceous plant that reaches heights of between 30 and 150 cm. The bladder sedge , which is endangered in Berlin and which occasionally forms a hybrid with the slender sedge, joins the silting areas . The Schlankseggenried has a long persistence with increasing drainage, but in areas with better aerated soils it is replaced by reeds . In addition, extensive swaths of water - reeds determine the soaked, swampy areas. Also called giant swaths, up to two meters high sweet grass forms species-poor and often pure stands. In certain parts of the meadow in the sedges and reed beds, the up to 60 cm high cuckoo-light carnation with pink flowers provide for flowering aspects . From May to August, the glowing yellow blossoms bloom Pfennig herb and occasionally even from March to April or June yellow flowering marsh marigold , sometimes until October forms a weaker second bloom from July. In the later season, the buttercup family, yellow meadow rue (June to August) and, especially in June, the poison buttercup add further yellow flowering aspects. From July to September the dark purple flowers of the swamp thistle loosen up the yellow blooming pattern. Wild rose bushes like the Hunds-Rose open numerous light pink flowers on the paths and bushes edges in early summer.

Reed belts and alluvial forest relics

In the vast reed and cattail -Röhrichtgürteln the unspoilt Flussaltarme and ditches bring isolated loosestrife , Stachys palustris , water plantain and after bundesartenschutzverordnung (BArtSchV) as specially protected classified water iris purple-red, bordeaux-red, whitish and yellow splashes of color. The open shore areas and water margins characterize willows and riparian forest relics with white willow and elm . A softwood floodplain has been preserved in particular at the Toter Mantel arm of the Havel, which extends to Heerstraße . In the species-rich herb flora of these zones, marsh fern plants such as the marsh fern ( Theylpteris palustris ), marsh bedstraw , stiff sedge and common loosestrife , which was previously used in folk medicine for scurvy , diarrhea and fever , grow . The glandular balsam, which originally comes from the Himalayas , spreads strongly in moist, nutrient-rich meadows and forms dense dominant stands. The rapidly growing and rapidly multiplying neophyte was imported from Kashmir to England for the first time in 1839 and from there came to the European continent as an ornamental plant . It is one of the so-called hemerochoric plants that ethelochor - that is, specifically - was introduced. The yellow pond rose, which is protected like all water lily plants in Germany, covers large parts of the open water areas with floating leaves. Rich yellow, hermaphrodite flowers with a diameter of 4 to 12 cm protrude from their green sea of ​​leaves.

Animals

The Tiefwerder-Wiesen biotope offers a diverse habitat for fish , amphibians , reptiles , insects , birds and also mammals such as bats and beavers , which have now become firmly established after several guest visits .

fishes

Wolffish

The importance of the Tiefwerder meadows as a pike spawning area results from the predatory fish laying their eggs . The substrate spawners examined from March to April to May in flooded water meadows or shallow shore areas of standing water on, in which he, the eggs adhere to water plants, roots or branches. While the second traditional Berlin pike-spawning meadow on the Parschenkessel on the Pfaueninsel was inaccessible to pike years ago , the fish have barely been able to reach the Tiefwerder Meadows since 1990. “With water depths of less than 5 centimeters, it is only possible for young fish to swim through the connection from the main ditch. Only in wet years do some old fish manage to do this, so that at least in these years pike can spawn successfully in the Tiefwerder meadows. "

The pike, which is up to 1.5 meters long, lies in wait for white fish such as roach , black bream and rudd , which are non-predatory fish and spawn in the ditches and river arms, as well as perch . Under Appendix II of the Fauna-Flora-Habitat Directive (FFH) specially protected wolffish look for food only at night and dig during the day to the ground, where only the head and tail sticking out. The equally protected asp from the carp family come together in small schools at a young age, but develop into solitary animals when they are mature. A continuity of the waters is vital for this fish.

Mammals

The otters, which are sporadically detected in the Tiefwerder meadows, find their preferred habitat in the flat, fish-rich Havel arms and in the flood plains . This species of marten , adapted to aquatic life, is listed as threatened with extinction in the Berlin Red List of Threatened Species (status 2003) and is strictly protected under the BArtSchV . Even if the State of Berlin had special assessments made on the population and introduced measures to safeguard the population, it remains “doubtful whether the otter can firmly establish itself in Berlin, since its habitats are restricted by bank construction, water pollution and the pressure to relax, and repeated losses from traffic and fish traps may occur. " the beaver enjoys the same protection status and since 1994 on the upper Havel and Tegeler lake as" home real citizens "with several beaver lodges. From the Tegeler See the rodent visited the Tiefwerder meadows down the Havel several times as a guest. In the meantime (as of 2008) beavers are said to have settled permanently in Tiefwerder.

Foxes and badgers raise their young in the Tiefwerder meadows. Wild boars are so numerous that the Senate Department for Urban Development cites their burrowing activity as another cause of the decline in the Großseggenwiesen. For the planned designation of the landscape protection area as a nature reserve, the state of Berlin had the bat fauna in the Tiefwerder meadows and on Pichelswerder examined in 2007. Bats as the greater mouse-eared (after BArtSchV strictly protected and in Annex II Habitats Directive listed; in Berlin from 2003 to extinction of endangered severely downgraded) or the water bat (in Berlin in 2003 by endangered to threatened heavily promoted) serves the Havel channel as a flight path and hunting area. From their quarters like the citadel or the old walls on the Pfaueninsel, the nocturnal and highly social bats hunt in the insect-rich Tiefwerder meadows to hunt.

insects

Among the insects, the occurrence of the black piston water beetle (Hydrophilus aterrimus) , which is highly endangered in Berlin, is remarkable. The water beetle , which is specially protected and heat- loving according to the BNatSchG, is very similar to the large piston water beetle and prefers larger, mostly perennial bodies of water in sun-exposed locations. Many bodies of water are suitable for the adults of the large beetle (length up to five centimeters), but not for their larvae . "Especially the 1st and 2nd larval stage require extremely flat, undisturbed shallow water areas rich in vegetation, as the young larvae, supported by the vegetation, still have to lift their food (small water snails) out of the water in order to pre-digest them outside of the body."

Adult female common frog . Due to a positive population development, the frog is no longer considered endangered in Berlin .

The critically endangered kingfisher , double bird of the year .

Various species of weevils were last detected in the Tiefwerder Meadows in the 1980s and early 1990s. Since intensive searches did not bring any further finds, the mostly small beetles (1.3–20 mm) have since been considered largely lost in Berlin . These include the Shore Kleinrüssler ( Ceutorhynchus scapularis ; recently detection August 1985 a copy), the hollow tooth Kleinrüssler ( Datonychus angulosus ; May 1990 four copies), the seam Streif Kätzchenrüssler ( Dorytomus hirtipennis ; February 1991 fifteen copies among the cattle shed a white willow ) and the broad silk weevil ( Smicronyx smreczynskii ; June 1989, one specimen). The silt weevil (Pelenomus velaris) , which prefers to live on the banks of water on vegetation-free, periodically flooded, waterlogged areas of sand and mud, and whose developing plant is not known, was first detected in Berlin with one specimen and at the same time for the last time in May 1990. In December 2003, one specimen of the brown-red willow weevil (Ellescus infirmus) was detected on the sieve ( soil sample ) of a willow in the Tiefwerder meadows .

More animals

The common frog is at home in the reed beds of the Tiefwerder meadows, and although it is particularly protected under the BNatSchG , it has not been classified as endangered on the current Berlin Red List of 2003 since a good population development established in 1991 . The grass snake, on the other hand, is still considered endangered in Berlin . It also finds its preferred habitat in the area: structurally rich, both aquatic and terrestrial wetlands.

Gray herons linger in the meadows before their autumn flight south to feed. The Tiefwerder meadows also serve as breeding, migration and wintering areas for rare and endangered bird species. The kingfisher, which is endangered in Berlin, can occasionally be seen. The species, which is strictly protected under the BNatSchG, has already been voted Bird of the Year twice, in 1973 and 2009, due to its endangerment in Germany . The pond warbler , swamp warbler , dunnock , coot and little grebe live in the sedge beds, reed beds and tall grasses . The bird of the year 1983, the sand martin , is also found in the Tiefwerder meadows. Their young birds find themselves together in large numbers on sleeping places in the reeds and willow thickets after leaving the breeding caves .

Conservation and paths

Protected areas and maintenance measures

With the “Ordinance for the Protection of Landscape Parts in the Spandau District of Berlin (Tiefwerder-Wiesen). From September 12, 1960. ” the state of Berlin placed the Tiefwerder meadows under landscape protection . The LSG is now listed under No. 24 and its area is given as 66.69 ha. Since 2007, the state has been examining the raising of the protection status as a nature reserve . Thanks to the neighboring Tiefwerder waterworks, which supplies six Berlin districts with drinking water, large parts of the LSG also belong to the narrower water protection zone II .

The Senate Department for Urban Development and Environmental Protection stated the following objectives in the 1994 landscape and species protection program:

Dead coat

Plank walkway

“The still preserved, natural landscape elements of these lowland areas must be protected and expanded. The flow meadow Ruhleben, the Tiefwerder Meadows and the Schönower Meadows are to be maintained as extensive wet meadows. Continuous green and open spaces are to be created along the water as connecting elements and planted according to the location (wet meadows and woody trees in the alder, alluvial and oak-hornbeam forests). "

- Landscape program and species protection program 1994, Berlin

The focus of all protection and maintenance measures in the landscape protection area is the described maintenance of the flood dynamics, if necessary by means of artificial irrigation of the Tiefwerder meadows with Havel water and the creation of fish ladders . In addition, after the demolition of dams, roads, arbors and bank barriers ( see above ), softwood meadows are to be secured for the beaver. To keep the meadows open, there has been no more regular maintenance mowing since 2014 . Instead, Asian water buffalo, sheep and goats were introduced. All meadows, a total of 16 hectares of land, were surrounded with electric fences and are therefore no longer accessible to residents and visitors. Forest measures are intended to develop the forest on the adjacent Pichelswerder into a natural mixed oak forest .

Path network and connection to the Berlin green corridors

The central wetland is accessed by a circular path. A 200-meter-long boardwalk built in 1996 leads through the wet meadows and wooden bridges lead over several trenches and the Toten Mantel. A long pedestrian bridge over the Kleiner Jürgengraben connects the meadows with Dorfstraße in Tiefwerder and two footpaths with Heerstraße.

To the south, the area is connected to the Havelhöhenweg via Pichelswerder and the Grunewald , and to the east to the natural area of ​​the Murellenberge and the flow meadow of Ruhleben on the north edge of the Teltown. In 2004, in a plan for the West Berlin area , the Senate Department for Urban Development proposed a high path on the north edge of the Teltown , which would create an almost continuous green corridor from Tiefwerder-Wiesen along the Spree via Charlottenburg Palace and the Great Tiergarten to City West . In 2007, DB ProjektBau also completed the Bullengraben green belt as a replacement measure under nature conservation law for the damage to nature and the landscape caused by the construction project for the high-speed line from Hanover to Berlin . The green corridor leads from the Havel along the Bullengraben around 4.5 kilometers west to Staaken . Since the Bullengrabengrünzug meets the Havel only about a kilometer north of the village of Tiefwerder, the Senate Administration suggested connecting it with a footbridge over the river to Tiefwerder and thus to the Tiefwerder-Wiesen and Teltow-Hangkantenweg.

The Tiefwerder meadows in the Havel biotope network

View from the Frey Bridge to the Havel and the Tiefwerder meadows (right)

The biotope network is playing an increasingly important role as a connection between habitats for the conservation of threatened species and has been anchored in the Nature Conservation Act as a new protection goal. The Havel and its continuity are of great importance for migratory fish, as a flight path for bats, as a breeding, migratory and wintering area for birds or as a migratory guide for beavers and otters. In 2000, the Berlin nature conservation associations therefore included the Havel as a connecting landscape element as a biotope network in their list of proposals for subsequent registration of protected areas in accordance with Article 10 of the European Fauna-Flora-Habitat Directive (FFH) for the State of Berlin. In Berlin alone, the Havel network connects ten landscape protection and three nature reserves, including the NSG Insel Imchen near Kladow , the NSG Pfaueninsel and the LSG Spandauer Forst . In the entire course, it connects existing FFH areas such as the Uckermärkische Seenlandschaft or the Tegeler Fließ and established SPA areas such as the Havelländische Luch or the lowlands of the lower Havel . Together with the neighboring Luch landscapes Rhinluch , Havelländisches Luch, Dossebruch and Jäglitz lowlands , the lower Havel lowlands form the largest contiguous inland wetland in western Central Europe . In this network of biotopes, the centrally located Tiefwerder Meadows represent an important inner-city link and, for many species, “a stepping stone for crossing the urban area” .

literature

• Biotope types and FFH habitat type mapping for the NSG Murellenschlucht and Schanzenwald, NSG Fließwiese Ruhleben and adjacent areas . Client: Senate Department for Urban Development, Planland (Landscape Development Planning Group), Berlin 2006.
• Wolfgang Ribbe (Ed.): Slavic castle, state fortress, industrial center. Studies on the history of the city and district of Spandau . Colloqium-Verlag, Berlin 1983, ISBN 3-7678-0593-6 .
• Landscape protection area Tiefwerder Wiesen . In: Senate Department for Urban Development Berlin: Berlin of course! Nature conservation and NATURA 2000 areas in Berlin. Verlag Natur & Text, Berlin 2007, pp. 114–119, ISBN 978-3-9810058-3-7 .
• HJ Mahnkopf: Tiefwerder - Pike spawning meadows. The pike as an "environmentalist" . In: Berliner Naturschutzblätter, Berlin 1988, vol. 32, pp. 10-12.
• Winfried Schich : The Havel as a waterway in the Middle Ages: bridges, dams, mills, flood channels. Inaugural lecture at the Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin , Philosophical Faculty I, Institute for Historical Studies, November 24, 1992 Excerpt (the full text with all evidence was published in the Yearbook for Brandenburg State History, Volume 45 (1994); PDF; 299 kB).

Web links

Commons : Tiefwerder Wiesen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Landscape protection area Tiefwerder Wiesen Senate Department for Urban Development (factual data with map link)
• Ordinance on the protection of parts of the landscape in the Spandau district of Berlin (Tiefwerder Wiesen). From September 12, 1960 (PDF; 29.43 kB) Senate Department for Urban Development
• VDE 17 - A chance for the Tiefwerder meadows. (PDF; 433.65 kB) Press release Federal Waterways and Shipping Administration, New Waterways Construction Office, Berlin, from June 26, 2008

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Natural spatial structure overview of Germany with main units (old and new system).
2. ↑ ^{a b} List for the subsequent registration of protected areas according to the FFH Directive for the State of Berlin from the Berlin nature conservation associations. (PDF; 110 kB) Editing: Ulrike Kielhorn, Manfred Schubert; Publisher: Berliner Landesarbeitsgemeinschaft Naturschutz e. V., Berlin 2000, p. 28.
3. ↑ Winfried Schich : The Havel as a waterway in the Middle Ages: bridges, dams, mills, flood channels . Inaugural lecture ..., p. 6
4. ^ Winfried Schich: Castle, city and surrounding area in the Middle Ages . In: Wolfgang Ribbe (ed.): Slavic castle, state fortress, industrial center . ..., pp. 25, 90
5. ↑ Winfried Schich: The Havel as a waterway in the Middle Ages: bridges, dams, mills, flood channels . Inaugural lecture ..., pp. 12, 22
6. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l} landscape protection area Tiefwerder Wiesen . In: Senate Administration […] (see literature).
7. ↑ Wolfgang Ribbe: Spandau in the age of industrialization . In: Wolfgang Ribbe (ed.): Slavic castle, state fortress, industrial center . ..., p. 242
8. ↑ Elsgrabenweg. In: Street name lexicon of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein (near  Kaupert )
9. ↑ Sebastian Eberle: Court accuses nature conservation office of arbitrariness . In: Berliner Morgenpost , May 24, 2008
10. ^ Association of Friends of Small Venice eV: Tiefwerder is in danger , accessed on October 12, 2015.
11. ↑ ^{a b} VDE 17 - A chance for the Tiefwerder meadows . (PDF; 444 kB) Federal Waterways and Shipping Administration, New Waterways Construction Office, Berlin, press release from June 26, 2008.
12. ↑ Announcement - for information - urban and environmentally friendly expansion of the Spree and Havel (new) (old: Qualified completion of the German Unity Transport Project 17 - design expansion of the Havel and Spree in a manner that is environmentally friendly and urban). (PDF) Retrieved June 1, 2019 . 
13. ↑ Stop expanding the Havel! River rescuers show their colors. ( Memento from May 28, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) BUND , Landesverband Berlin e. V.
14. ↑ Peter Neumann, Uwe Aulich: With lanterns and torches against the expansion of the Havel . In: Berliner Zeitung , May 23, 2008
15. ↑ Flora-Web on the endangerment and protection of the bladder sedge.
16. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Information board on site, Nature Conservation and Green Space Office Spandau, status: 1996
17. ↑ Pisci Page Asp , Habitat and Biology (and click on "Distribution, Endangerment")
18. ↑ Jürgen Klawitter, Rainer Altenkamp u. a .: Red list and total species list of mammals (Mammalia) from Berlin. (PDF; 203 kB) Processing status: December 2003. In: The State Commissioner for Nature Conservation and Landscape Management / Senate Department for Urban Development (ed.): Red Lists of Endangered Plants and Animals of Berlin , pp. 6, 12
19. ↑ Jürgen Klawitter, Rainer Altenkamp u. a .: Red list and total species list of mammals (Mammalia) from Berlin. (PDF; 203 kB) Processing status: December 2003. In: The State Commissioner for Nature Conservation and Landscape Management / Senate Department for Urban Development (ed.): Red Lists of Endangered Plants and Animals of Berlin , p. 10
20. ↑ Susanne Rosenau: Investigations into the bat fauna on Pichelswerder and in the Tiefwerder meadows in Berlin Spandau (species protection contribution for the planned designation of the area as NSG) , Berlin 2007, unpublished.
21. ↑ Jürgen Klawitter, Rainer Altenkamp u. a .: Red list and total species list of mammals (Mammalia) from Berlin . (PDF; 203 kB) Processing status: December 2003. In: The State Commissioner for Nature Conservation and Landscape Management / Senate Department for Urban Development (Ed.): Red Lists of Endangered Plants and Animals of Berlin , pp. 1, 5, 8, 13
22. ↑ Lars Hendrich: Red list and total species list of the water beetles of Berlin (Coleoptera: Hydradephaga, Hydrophiloidea part., Staphylinoidea part., Dryopoidea part.) ( Memento of January 2, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 938 kB) Status: September 2004 . In: The State Commissioner for Nature Conservation and Landscape Management / Senate Department for Urban Development (Ed.): Red Lists of Endangered Plants and Animals of Berlin , pp. 23, 35
23. ↑ Lars Hendrich, Michael Balke: On the occurrence of the piston water beetles, Hydrophilus aterrimus (Eschscholtz) and Hydrophilus piceus (L.), in Berlin (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) - distribution, habitat binding, endangerment, protective measures. , 1995, Berliner Naturschutzblätter 39 (3), manuscript version for the Berliner Naturschutzblätter. About the occurrence on the Tiefwerder meadows p. 4, quotation from p. 5.
24. ↑ Christoph Bayer, Herbert Winkelmann: Red list and total species list of the weevils of Berlin (Curculionidae). (PDF; 759 kB) Processing status: March 2004. In: The State Commissioner for Nature Conservation and Landscape Management / Senate Department for Urban Development (ed.): Red Lists of Endangered Plants and Animals of Berlin , pp. 31f, 37f, 40, 59, 72, 40
25. ↑ German species names of the beetles from: Überfamilie Curculionidea In: F. Köhler, B. Klausnitzer (Hrsg.): Directory of beetles in Germany. - Entomological news and reports . Supplement 4, pp. 1–185, Dresden 1998; First addendum to the register of beetles in Germany . In: Ent. News , Ber. 44, pp. 60-84, Dresden 2000
26. ↑ Klaus-Detlef Kühnel, Andreas Krone, Axel Biehler: Red list and total species list of amphibians and reptiles of Berlin . ( Memento from September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 146 kB) Processing status: December 2003. In: The State Commissioner for Nature Conservation and Landscape Management / Senate Department for Urban Development (ed.): Red Lists of Endangered Plants and Animals of Berlin , p . 2, 5, 6, 9, 12
27. ^ Ordinance on the protection of parts of the landscape in the Spandau district of Berlin (Tiefwerder Wiesen). From September 12, 1960 (PDF; 29.43 kB) Senate Department for Urban Development
28. ↑ Landscape protection area Tiefwerder-Wiesen . (PDF) Senate Department for Urban Development
29. ^ Ordinance establishing the water protection area for the Tiefwerder waterworks (Water Protection Area Ordinance Tiefwerder) . (PDF; 41 kB) Senate Department Environment, September 1, 1978
30. ↑ Landscape program, species protection program 1994 . (PDF; 2.2 MB) Senate Department for Urban Development and Environmental Protection, p. 62.
31. ↑ Plan work West Berlin. Goals, strategies and landscape planning model . ( Memento from January 7, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 1.4 MB) Ed .: Senate Department for Urban Development, Kulturbuch Verlag, Berlin 2004, pp. 9, 13, 19, 27, 29 ISBN 3-88961-185- 0
32. ↑ Deutsche Bahn receives 1st prize for compensatory measure . Press release Deutsche Bahn, May 20, 2009, Gustav Meyer Prize 2008 for Bullengraben green corridor in Spandau .

This article was added to the list of excellent articles on September 6, 2009 in this version .