St. Joseph's Church (Frankfurt-Bornheim)
| St. Josefs Church Frankfurt am Main-Bornheim |
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| length | 32.10 meters |
| width | 12.75 meters (main nave) |
| clear room height | 14.50 meters |
| Tower height | 32.00 meters |
The St. Joseph's Church in Frankfurt-Bornheim is a Frankfurt of three churches that the patron saint Joseph of Nazareth consecrated are. It is the parish church of the new type of Catholic parish St. Josef Frankfurt am Main, to which three other churches belong as parishes and in which there are also two profile churches of the Diocese of Limburg, which are also subsidiary churches of the parish. The sacred building , like the two other Josef churches in Frankfurt am Main ( St. Josef Höchst and St. Josef Eschersheim ), is in the Limburg diocese .
history
prehistory
The first Bornheim church, which was probably a half-timbered building , was mentioned for the first time in 1261. She was the martyr St. Abdon and Sennen consecrated. From a document from 1338 it can be concluded that the divine service in Bornheim was celebrated by the Frankfurt pastor or his clerk. Bornheim was subordinate to the Archbishop of Mainz Archdeaconate of the Saint Bartholomew Stift in Frankfurt. In 1492 the tower of the church is said to have been repaired with stones and even raised as a new church tower in 1520 , sponsored by the von Glauburg family .
Bornheim felt himself ecclesiastically neglected by the chapter of the Frankfurt St. Bartholomäus-Stift. For this reason, the Bornheim congregation converted to the Lutheran faith in 1527 .
The first Catholics reappeared in the Bornheim population in the 19th century. These were servants and manual workers from Bavaria , Württemberg , the Westerwald and the Fuldaer Land . These Catholics had to attend the service in Frankfurt Cathedral .
Towards the end of the German War , the Free City of Frankfurt was occupied by Prussia on July 18, 1866 and annexed soon afterwards . This brought the Catholics to the Limburg diocese, founded in 1821. In Bornheim there were around 300 Catholics among the approx. 4,000 inhabitants in the middle of the 19th century. Nevertheless, the decision was made to found their own church. The citizen Juliane Kämpf made her private house available for church purposes. On October 17, 1869, the first Roman Catholic service was celebrated in Bornheim after a break of more than 250 years. On January 1, 1870, the chaplain Dr. Heinrich Rody from St. Leonhard's Church to Bornheim.
Ascension Day in 1871 was a former painter's workshop as a half-timbered - Notkapelle used and by the municipality for 1000 guilders bought. The church was provided with a roof turret and bells . It was located on the corner of Bergerstrasse and Eichwaldstrasse (at that time still Gelnhauser Strasse and Waldstrasse). The church could be used for the service with 300 participants. In the census of October 1, 1871, 1,517 Catholics were counted in Bornheim.
founding
Due to the increase in the number of Catholics in Bornheim, a Catholic church could be built again in Bornheim. It was the first Catholic church to be built in Frankfurt since the Reformation , which had been introduced in Bornheim in 1527. On June 11, 1876, the foundation stone for the new Bornheim church was laid. It was originally located at the main entrance of the old church on Eichwaldstrasse. As a result of the renovation work, it was walled into the choir wall of the Alte Josefskirche in 1931. The new Bornheim church was the first new building of a Catholic church in Frankfurt am Main after 480 years. Until 2013, the construction was geographically in the north end , but the parish still surrounds Bornheim in terms of name and territory.
The church was consecrated during the culture war in 1877 by the Frankfurt city pastor Ernst Franz August Münzenberger . The plans for the old brick church come from Max Meckel and were based on the former Gothic St. John's Church in Frankfurt's old town, which was demolished in 1874 . Meckel used a number of spoils , including vault ribs , keystones, and window tracery . The church was provided with a roof turret and bells ("Marienglöckchen") by the Bach bell foundry from Windecken . The bell could only be rung by hand . The ropes hung through the hole in the crossing .
From 1893 to 1895, Meckel expanded the church with low extensions on both sides of the main nave , which the Bornheimers affectionately called swallow nests. The church consecration festival of the Josefskirche is celebrated on the Sunday before the Assumption of Mary (August 15th), on which the Bornheimer curb took place before .
On August 25, 1895 inaugurated the Limburger Bishop Karl Klein , the Church of the Saint Joseph .
20th century
In the 20th century , the congregation grew to 18,000 members by 1914. At the end of the 1920s , on the initiative of Pastor Joseph Höhler, the Heilig-Kreuz-Kirche was founded by Martin Weber at the eastern end of Wittelsbacher Allee as a spin-off from the St. Josef parish . The reason was the expansion of the Bornheim district to the east to the Bornheimer Hang with the new Bornheimer Hang settlement of urban planner Ernst May and other buildings and the associated increase in the number of Catholics in the district.
In 1931–1932, the St. Josefs Church was expanded by the architects Hans (1872–1952) and Christoph Rummel (1881–1961). On October 25, 1931, the last service took place in the Alte Josefskirche. On Trinity Sunday , May 31, 1931, the groundbreaking ceremony for the expansion of the church took place. The construction work to expand the Josefskirche required the partial demolition of the side wall of the old church facing Berger Straße. Since the consecration of the Neue Josefskirche by Limburg Bishop Antonius Hilfrich , the Alte Josefskirche has been used as a chancel and side chapel.
The church itself was only slightly damaged by the air raids on Frankfurt am Main during World War II . The Maria-Schlaf-Chapel was destroyed by bombing and the old altars that were walled in in this chapel were badly damaged by this and by the water used by the fire brigade. On February 11, 1944, the adjoining nurses' house and the rectory were completely destroyed by further bomb hits . The Marienbellchen in the roof turret of the old Josefskirche was the only one of the first bells to remain, all bells in the tower of the new Josefskirche were removed and melted down during the war.
The war damage was repaired from 1948 to 1951. A new parsonage was built in place of the destroyed Maria Sleep Chapel. In tram circles , the Bornheimer depot of the Frankfurt am Main tram in the municipality was also referred to as the Cadol Debbo until the 1950s , as a large part of the members of the Catholic workers' movement in Bornheim were employees of the municipal vehicle fleet or the Bornheim tram depot.
In 1963 the interior of the church was renovated and modernized according to the zeitgeist . The choir was lowered. The reredos of the high altar were hung on the front wall and a new main altar was erected as a refectory on a two-tiered altar island in the middle of the choir . The church received a new light-colored plaster. The stained glass windows , the floor made of slate and the heating to be replaced. The altar island was made of red marble . The church will also receive a new baptismal font on the site of the altar of the old St. Joseph's Church . The pulpit was replaced by an ambo . The statue of the Virgin Mary and the Way of the Cross will also be renewed. The rood screen that separated the chancel from the rest of the nave of the Alte Josefskirche was demolished . In 1966 the organ was renewed and in 1971 the choir of the church was redesigned. In 1977 the outer facade was renovated and the damaged statue of Joseph on the tower facade was renewed. In 1991 the church was again in need of renovation. The electrical equipment and the interior painting were renewed. The principle behind the new artistic design of the house of God was to make the history of the church clear. The high altar was reconstructed as much as possible. The twelve figures of the apostles on the pillars of the main nave were colored. Changes that made sense for pastoral care were made. This included the design of the Old Joseph Church into a fully functional church for the weekday services, the establishment of a confessional room and the redesign of the baptism site. As a sign that the sacrament of baptism is the entrance into the church, the baptismal font now stands at the beginning of the visitor's path to the house of God. The Marienbellchen in the roof turret of the old Josefskirche received a new bell chair because the old wooden bell chair was rotten and the bell could no longer be rung. A bell motor was also installed. In 1995 the Argentine sculptor Ariel Auslender designed the cladding of the large column in the parish hall . Today the interior of the church is in the style of the 1991 renovation .
21st century
The 21st century brought the dissolution of the former St. Joseph's community and neighboring communities on 1 August 2007 Holy Cross and St. Michael . These were merged into a new parish under the name St. Josef Frankfurt-Bornheim . The previous parish churches Heilig-Kreuz and St. Michael have been affiliated churches of St. Josef since then . From that day until December 31, 2014, the parish area was again almost identical to the original area of the Bornheim Catholic community from 1869 through merger and parochialization. On August 1, 2007, on the instructions of Bishop Franz Kamphaus , the Diocese of Limburg designated the Holy Cross Church as a profile church as the center for Christian meditation and spirituality of the Diocese of Limburg . The center for bereavement counseling was set up in the church of St. Michael in Frankfurt-Nordend . Two months before this merger, the interior of the church had to be completely renovated after smoke damage caused by burning oil lights and the organ had to be thoroughly cleaned. In 2013 the facade was renovated and repainted in a red-brown color.
Together with its neighboring congregation Maria Rosenkranz in Seckbach , the new St. Josef congregation formed the pastoral area of Frankfurt-Bornheim until December 31, 2011 , in which there was a stronger cooperation than before. The parish of St. Josef, with almost 11,000 Catholics, was one of the largest in the Limburg diocese at that time. On January 1, 2012, the pastoral rooms in Frankfurt were restructured and the two pastoral rooms Frankfurt-Bornheim with the parishes St. Josef-Bornheim and Maria Rosenkranz in Seckbach and Frankfurt-Ost with the two parishes Heilig Geist im Riederwald and Herz Jesu In Fechenheim a new pastoral space called Frankfurt-Ost was created. This existed until December 31, 2014.
St. Josef is an international congregation. More than 30 percent of the members of the community are Catholics of other mother tongues , belonging to around 15 nationalities .
On January 1, 2015, the four parishes of the pastoral area of Frankfurt-Ost St. Josef in Bornheim, Maria Rosenkranz in Seckbach, Heilig-Geist in Riederwald and Herz-Jesu in Fechenheim became a new type of parish under the name of St. Josef Frankfurt am Main with the churches of Sankt Josef Bornheim, Maria Rosenkranz Seckbach , Heilig Geist Riederwald and Herz Jesu Fechenheim . This includes the centralization of certain tasks, such as the parish office . The parish now has around 16,500 members.
The new logo of the new type of parish consists of an X-shaped cross, which symbolizes the four individual church locations from different geographical directions. Each of the four elements stands for one of the church locations. The element for the parish of Sankt Josef Bornheim consists of a green Gothic ceiling structure, that for Maria Rosenkranz Seckbach made of purple pearls , that for Heilig Geist Riederwald yellow and red flames and that for Herz Jesu Fechenheim made of blue hearts and drops . Each church location also has its own logo, which consists of four identical elements.
The construction
The old Josefskirche was built in a neo-Gothic style in 1877 . It is a brick building with a cross-shaped floor plan . The sacred building consists of the choir with a 5/8 end, transept and nave . At the crossing , a is roof skylights in the form of a turret with a Marien - bells from 1884. The choir vault still corresponds to the model of the medieval church of St. John. The keystone of the end of the choir vault , some ornamented keystones of the central nave and the two figures from the Middle Ages under the consoles of the crossing are directly transferred and reused . It is a representation of a naked man as well as a hare and a dog. The rear part of the nave of the old church was converted into the choir of the new Josefskirche. The main axis of the new church is formed by the central arch of the old nave. The connection between the old and the new church consists of a 9 meter high and 9 meter wide triumphal arch made of solid red sandstone . It is 1.30 meters deep because it has to bear half of the old vault load and the roof load. The keystone is a supporting angel by the sculptor Martin Henrich from Frankfurt-Schwanheim . The face of this angel is said to resemble the pastor Höhler at the time. Parts of the former Johanniterkirche , which was demolished in 1874, were used as keystones and consoles .
The new Josefskirche, built in 1932, is a steel frame building . The steeple of the new Josefskirche is located directly on Berger Straße . The bell chamber shows a diamond-shaped dissolution, which results from the construction of the wind bracing in the steel frame. On the massive tower is the figure of St. Joseph by the sculptor Arnold Hensler from 1932. The original had to be replaced by a copy in 1977. The main nave is also a steel frame construction with 30 cm thick lightweight stone lining. The main nave of the Neue Josefskirche was built at an angle of 90 ° to the nave of the Alte Josefskirche.
The Gothic high altar comes from the collection of the Frankfurt city pastor Ernst Franz August Münzenberger , who donated the altar to the community in 1880. As far as is known today, the oldest parts of the altar date from the period between 1460 and 1500. Since 1932 the altar has stood in its current location in the choir of the new St. Joseph's Church. On the pillars of the main nave are the wooden statues of the twelve apostles . They were purchased around 1880. Two of the statues are smaller and older than the others. In order to achieve a uniform size, these were each placed on a raised base.
Today's organ dates from 1966 and was built by the Hindelang company from Ebenhofen in the Allgäu . It has 2934 pipes , 43 registers , 3 manuals and a pedal combination . The organ had to be thoroughly cleaned in 2007 after the smoke damage caused by a smoldering fire.
Of the original bells , only the Marien bell in the roof turret has survived . In 1942 the other bells were removed and melted down. Today's 4 bells were cast in 1948. As far as is known, material from the equestrian statue of Wilhelm I from the Deutsches Eck from Koblenz , destroyed in 1945, was used for the bells . A tower clock was built in with these bells .
The church grounds, which are located directly on the Berger Straße shopping street in Bornheim , include group rooms, a modern parish hall and a parsonage with the parish office. There was also a sausage stand on the site until the beginning of 2009 , which was unique in this form in Frankfurt. The children's daycare center Burg der Kinder in the rear building at Heidestrasse 62 also belongs to the church grounds .
The church is a listed building .
Transport links
The St. Josefs Church is located between the two tram stations Höhenstraße and Bornheim Mitte on the U4 line of the Frankfurt subway . It can be reached on foot in a few minutes from both stations.
literature
- Monika Donat, Hans-Peter Brack, Martin Hütter, Richard Steinmetz: Catholic parish church St. Josef Frankfurt am Main-Bornheim . Schnell & Steiner, Regensburg 2002, ISBN 3-7954-6408-0 .
- Richard Steinmetz, Elisabeth Apweiler, Herbert Apweiler, Hans-Peter Brack, Ernst Koch, Winfried Knies, Gabriele Seybold, Günther Welper: Courage to move on - 125 years of the community of St. Josef Frankfurt am Main - Bornheim . Catholic parish St. Josef, Frankfurt am Main 1994.
Web links
- Homepage of the parish St. Josef Frankfurt am Main (accessed on February 21, 2018)
- Homepage of the parish of St. Josef Church in Frankfurt-Bornheim (accessed on February 21, 2018)
- Homepage Heilig Kreuz - Center for Christian Meditation and Spirituality (accessed on February 21, 2018)
- Homepage St. Michael - Center for Bereavement Counseling (accessed on February 21, 2018)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Official Journal No. 52/2013, page 1562
- ↑ a b Catholic Church in the East of Frankfurt. In: homepage of the parish. Catholic Parish St. Josef Frankfurt am Main, January 2018, accessed on February 21, 2018 .
- ^ Diocese of Limburg : Decree of Bishop Franz Kamphaus of January 15, 2007. Published in the Official Gazette of the Diocese of Limburg 2007 No. 2 of 02/01/2007 No. 449: Document on the establishment of the profile church "Holy Cross - Center for Christian Meditation and Spirituality". In: Website of the parish of St. Josef Frankfurt. February 1, 2007, accessed February 21, 2018 .
- ^ Diocese of Limburg : Decree of Bishop Franz Kamphaus of January 15, 2007. Published in the Official Gazette of the Diocese of Limburg 2007 No. 2 from 02/01/2007 No. 448: Document on the establishment of the profile church "St. Michael - Center for Mourning Pastoral", Frankfurt am Main. In: Website of the parish of St. Josef Frankfurt. February 1, 2007, accessed February 21, 2018 .
- ↑ On the way to a new parish - pastoral area Frankfurt-Ost. In: homepage of the parish. Catholic Church Community of the Holy Spirit Frankfurt-Riederwald, 2013, accessed on February 20, 2018 .
- ↑ Catholic Parish St. Josef Frankfurt am Main (Ed.): Looking through - signposts through the Catholic Parish St. Josef Frankfurt am Main . Frankfurt am Main 2015.
- ^ Catholic parish St. Josef Frankfurt am Main (ed.): The new logos . Frankfurt am Main 2015.
- ↑ Lt. the member of the board of directors of the parish was the result of the family connection of Alois Normann from Koblenz-Niederberg, who became pastor of the parish in Frankfurt-Bornheim in 1950. His brother was involved as a building contractor in the removal of the destroyed monument. (Statement during a church tour on November 23, 2013)
- ↑ State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (Ed.): St. Josefs Church In: DenkXweb, online edition of cultural monuments in Hesse
Coordinates: 50 ° 7 ′ 27 ″ N , 8 ° 42 ′ 12 ″ E