Stams Abbey
Cistercian Abbey of Stams | |
---|---|
Stams Abbey in Tyrol |
|
location |
Austria Tyrol |
Lies in the diocese | innsbruck |
Coordinates: | 47 ° 16 '39 " N , 10 ° 59' 3" E |
Serial number according to Janauschek |
673 |
founding year | 1273 |
Year of dissolution / annulment |
persisting with brief interruptions |
Mother monastery | Kaisheim Monastery |
Primary Abbey | Morimond Monastery |
Congregation | Mehrerauer Congregation |
Daughter monasteries |
Stams Abbey (Latin Abbatia BMV et Sancti Ioannis Baptistae de Stams ) is the Cistercian Abbey (OCist) in Stams in Tyrol in Austria . It belongs to the Mehrerau congregation and the diocese of Innsbruck . The monastery church of Our Lady was elevated to a minor basilica in 1983 .
history
The monastery was founded in 1273 as a family foundation of the Counts of Görz-Tirol by Meinhard II and his wife Elisabeth von Bayern (widow of Staufer Konrad IV ). It was also intended to serve as a burial place for the Tyrolean sovereigns and, in this function, replace the parish church of Bolzano , which had not been planned before . In order to give the monastery / monastery an economic basis, the existing rulership and property rights were replaced by the founder and at the same time the parishes of Silz , St. Peter and Untermais as well as the Martinskirche zu Mals were incorporated, so that the monastery / monastery, which was also the Had jurisdiction over the village of Stams, it soon became an important economic center of the region.
The first inmates of the monastery were twelve monks and five lay brothers under Abbot Heinrich von Honstätten from the mother monastery in Kaisheim in Swabia . The monastery belonged to the filiation of the primary abbey of Morimond . From 1347 to 1350 the monastery housed the imperial regalia . In the 16th century there was a decline in the monastery. The Reformation, the damage from the Peasant Wars in 1525 and the great fire of 1593 ultimately led to the convent shrinking significantly and sometimes only consisted of three monks. In 1552 troops of Elector Moritz von Sachsen plundered the monastery and also destroyed the crypt of the sovereigns, as well as the grave of Moritz's brother, Severinus von Sachsen († 1533). The convent building was rebuilt at the beginning of the 17th century. The distinctive onion domes were created under Abbot Edmund Zoz (1690–1699). At the beginning of the 18th century, the master builder Georg Anton Gumpp redesigned the Cisterze . In the second half of the 18th century it was the place of activity of important musicians such as the Stams father Stefan Paluselli or Johann Michael Malzat from Vienna and the chronicler Cassian Primisser .
In 1807 the Bavarian government abolished the monastery / monastery. It was in 1816 after the return of Tyrol in Austria under Emperor Franz I. rebuilt. In 1938/39 the monastery was dissolved and confiscated by the National Socialist rulers and served as a resettlement home for emigrants from South Tyrol .
After the war ended in 1945, it was taken over again by Cistercian monks. They housed educational institutions in the monastery buildings and transferred lease land to the settlers.
The 18-year general renovation of the monastery was completed in 2016.
present
Today the monastery runs a museum, a monastery shop, a schnapps distillery and an alpine pasture . Stams Abbey is
- Sponsor of the Meinhardinum Stams grammar school and advanced grammar school
- Sponsor of the boarding school for skiers in Stams with boarding school, which is run as a commercial school and upper secondary school - together with the Republic of Austria and the State of Tyrol
- Headquarters of the Institute for Social Pedagogy of the Diocese of Innsbruck
- one of the locations of the church college of education - Edith Stein
Attractions
The collegiate church was consecrated in 1284. It was originally a Romanesque basilica, which was rebuilt in the high baroque style by Georg Anton Gumpp from 1729–1733 . The vaulted frescoes in the nave show scenes from the life of the Virgin and are by the Augsburg painter Johann Georg Wolcker . The magnificent stucco is a work by Franz Xaver Feuchtmayr from the Wessobrunn school . In 1984 Pope John Paul II elevated the collegiate church to the rank of minor basilica .
- The early baroque high altar in the form of a tree of life with 84 sculptures was created by the Weilheim carver Bartlme Steinle around 1610 .
- The pulpit is a work by Andreas Kölle from Fendels in the Upper Inn Valley.
- The Crucifixion and the presentation Madonna and Child opposite the pulpit created Andreas Tamasch.
- The baroque choir organ dates from 1757, was built by Andreas Jäger from Füssen and has 12 registers .
- The so-called “Austrian grave” by the Tyrolean artist Andreas Thamasch , which was built in 1684 and set into the floor in the west of the central nave, forms a counterpoint to the main altar . It is a memorial to important Tyrolean sovereigns buried in Stams and their family members with life-size carved and gilded figures.
- In fact, those buried in the collegiate church are not in the Austrian grave , but in front of the high altar, where there are two grave slabs in the floor to the left and right.
- The Holy Blood Chapel was brought into its present form in 1716 from an older building. The high altar was created by the court carpenter Sigmund Zeller , the altar statues are by Andreas Kölle , the wall paintings are by Josef Schöpf .
- A memorial plaque was inaugurated in the vestibule of the collegiate church in 2000, commemorating Konradin , the son of the founder Elisabeth von Bayern and the last Staufer.
- The Bernhardisaal in the west wing of the abbey was built in 1720 by Georg Anton Gumpp. It serves as a ballroom and contains numerous paintings on the ceiling and walls that were created in 1722 by Franz Michael Hueber and his student Anton Zoller and depict events from the life of St. Show Bernhard von Clairvaux .
Stams of the Sanctuary Locherboden above Moetz seen from
Grave slab of the founders Meinhard II. And Elisabeth of Bavaria
Grave slab of Heinrich von Kärnten and relatives
Memorial plaque for Konradin in the vestibule of the collegiate church
Choir organ 1757 by Andreas Jäger
Abbots
- Heinrich von Honstätten , 1279–1280 1.
- 34. Vigilius Kranicher , 1766–1786
- 35. Sebastian Stoeckl , 1790–1819
- 36. Augustin Handle , 1820-1839
- 37. Alois Schnitzer , 1839–1867
- 38. Celestin Brader , 1867-1894
- 39. Stephan Mariacher , 1895–1937
- 40. Eugen Fiderer , 1949–1968
- 41. Bruno Heinrich , 1968-1970
- 42. Bernhard Slovsa , 1970/1973–1985
- 43. Josef Maria Koell , 1985-2003
- 44. German Erd , since 2003
Abbey parish churches
literature
- Franz Huter (ed.), Hanns Bachmann: Handbook of historical sites . Band: Austria. Part 2: Alpine countries with South Tyrol (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 279). 2nd, revised edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 1978, ISBN 3-520-27902-9 , pp. 530-531.
- Brigitta Lauro: The tombs of the Habsburgs. Art monuments of a European dynasty. Vienna 2007, pp. 97-104. ISBN 3-85498-433-2 .
- Gert Ammann , Gregor Peda : Stams Abbey (= Small Art Guide No. 289). 2nd edition Schnell and Steiner, Munich / Zurich 1990, ISBN 3-7954-0493-2 .
- Romedio Schmitz-Esser: The medieval and early modern inscriptions from Stams monastery. In: Tyrolean homeland . 67, 2003, pp. 63-106. ISSN 1013-8919 .
- Robert Rebitsch : Tyrol, Charles V and the prince uprising of 1552. Studies on historical research in modern times. Volume 18. Hamburg 2000. ISBN 3-8300-0246-7 .
- Alfred Strnad, Katherine Walsh (ed.): Studia Stamsensia II. From the culture and intellectual life of the Oberinntaler Cisterze in the Middle Ages and early modern times. Innsbruck-Stams 1995, ISBN 3-900538-52-2 .
- A prince's dream. Meinhard II. - The becoming of Tyrol. Catalog for the Tyrolean State Exhibition 1995 at Tyrol Castle and in Stams Abbey. Innsbruck 1995.
- Alfred Strnad (Ed.): Studia Stamsensia. Contribution to the 700th anniversary of the consecration of the church and monastery of the Cisterze Stams. Innsbruck-Stams 1984, ISBN 3-85123-082-5 .
- 700 years of Stams Abbey 1273–1973. Stams 1973.
- Kasimir Schnitzer: The Annals of Mais taken from the Annals of Stams by P. Kassian Primisser and supplemented by notes from diaries, records and letters from abbots and confreres. Corn 1808 . Rewritten and translated by Raimund Senoner. Meran 2003.
- Wolfgang Lebersorg: Chronicle of the Stams Monastery. Tyrolean history sources. Volume 42. Edition and translation by Christoph Haidacher, Innsbruck 2000, ISBN 3-901464-11-5 .
- Werner Köfler: The oldest land register of the Cistercian Abbey of Stams from its foundation to 1336. Austrian land register. Part III, 5, III. Innsbruck 1978, ISBN 3-7030-0048-1 .
- Werner Köfler: The chronicler Kasimir Schnitzer. In: the window. 12, 1973, col. 1088-1116.
- Wolfgang G. Schöpf: Handle, Augustine. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 30, Bautz, Nordhausen 2009, ISBN 978-3-88309-478-6 , Sp. 538-544.
- Wolfgang G. Schöpf: Lebersorg, Wolfgang. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 30, Bautz, Nordhausen 2009, ISBN 978-3-88309-478-6 , Sp. 865-870.
- Wolfgang G. Schöpf: Stöckl / Stoeckl, Sebastian. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 30, Bautz, Nordhausen 2009, ISBN 978-3-88309-478-6 , Sp. 1458-1465.
- Hildegard Herrmann-Schneider: Stams. In: Oesterreichisches Musiklexikon . Online edition, Vienna 2002 ff., ISBN 3-7001-3077-5 ; Print edition: Volume 5, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 2006, ISBN 3-7001-3067-8 .
- Rogerius Schranzhofer: The monks of Stams zu Wessenbrunn . With certificates . In: The collector for history and statistics of Tyrol , Volume 5, Innsbruck 1809, pp. 229-251.
See also
Web links
- Official website of the monastery
- Entry to Stams Abbey on Medal online
- Meinhardinum Stift Stams
- Ski school Stift Stams
- KPH Edith Stein
- Illuminated manuscripts from the Stams library
- Biographia Cisterciensis: List of the Abbots of Stams
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hannes Obermair : Church and city development. The parish church of Bozen in the High Middle Ages (11th – 13th centuries) . In: The Sciliar . 69th year, issue 8/9, 1995, p. 449–474, reference p. 466 ( academia.edu ).
- ↑ Stams Abbey shines in new splendor on orf.at, September 24, 2016.