Arseniy Yatsenyuk

Arseniy Yatsenjuk (2014)

Arsenij Petrowytsch Jazenjuk [ arˈsənʲi jat͡sə'nʲuk ] ( Ukrainian Арсеній Петрович Яценюк ; born May 22, 1974 in Chernivtsi , Ukrainian SSR , Soviet Union ) is a Ukrainian politician . He was Prime Minister of Ukraine from February 27, 2014 to April 14, 2016 . From December 2007 to September 2008 he was President of the Ukrainian Parliament (Verkhovna Rada) and previously Foreign Minister of his country.

Yatsenyuk initially belonged to the All-Ukrainian Association "Fatherland" and has been chairman of the Popular Front party, which he co-founded, since September 10, 2014 .

Life

Yatsenjuk is the son of a teacher and a teacher of foreign languages. From 1991 to 1996 he studied law at the University of Chernivtsi . After completing his first degree, he completed a correspondence course in economics at the Czernowitz commercial college with a focus on corporate accounting and auditing , which he completed in 2001 with a degree in economics. Yatsenjuk also received his doctorate in economics as candidatus scientiarum (CSc, candidate of science ).

Activity in finance

Yatsenjuk gained his first professional experience during his first studies in his own legal consultancy Jurek Ltd. which he led in Chernivtsi between 1992 and 1997. In 1998, he came to Kiev in the AT Avalbank (one of the largest Ukrainian banks in 2005, the Austrian has Raiffeisen Bank International (RBI) a majority interest acquired in Bank), where he made it to the advisor to the CEO and in 2001 for a short time Deputy CEO was.

Activity in public offices

Yazenjuk 2007 with the then US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice

In 2001 he was appointed to the government of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea , where he was first provisional and then fully headed the Ministry of Economic Affairs until January 2003. In January 2003 he was appointed Vice-President of the National Bank of Ukraine (NBU). Between July and December 2004 he held the office of bank president on a provisional basis, when the previous national bank president, Serhiy Tihipko , headed Viktor Yanukovych's campaign staff during the presidential election .

On March 9, 2005, the newly elected President Viktor Yushchenko named Yatsenyuk lieutenant governor of Odessa Oblast .

After Yushchenko's dismissal of the Tymoshenko government , Arseny Yatsenyuk was appointed Minister of Economy of Ukraine on September 27, 2005 .

On March 21, 2007, Yatsenyuk was elected Foreign Minister by the Ukrainian parliament at the suggestion of Yushchenko. His election was preceded by months of tug-of-war over the occupation of the Foreign Ministry, in which the presidential candidates Borys Tarasjuk and Volodymyr Ohrysko failed one after the other in parliament.

Yatsenjuk, Oleh Tjahnybok and Walentyn Nalywajtschenko , March 2013

After the parliamentary elections in 2007 he was proposed by the western-oriented parties NU-NS and BJuT as a candidate for the post of parliamentary president and elected at the parliamentary session on December 4, 2007. Before the results of the vote were announced, MPs from the Party of Regions and the Communists left the plenary hall , protesting against a violation of voting secrecy, which they accused NU-NS and BJuT.

In January 2008, Yatsenyuk signed a letter to NATO together with President Yushchenko and Prime Minister Tymoshenko requesting the initiation of the process for Ukraine to join the alliance at the upcoming NATO summit in Bucharest . This led to a political crisis, because the opposition parties saw the signature as a political statement that was inappropriate for the office of Parliament President. They asked Yatsenyuk to officially withdraw his signature and blocked the parliamentary presidium in the meeting room to prevent the Verkhovna Rada from working. When Yatsenyuk refused to withdraw his signature, calls for his resignation were raised.

After the failure of the governing coalition of NU-NS and BJuT, Yatsenjuk declared his resignation on September 17, 2008, justifying this by stating that, in his view, the prerequisites for exercising the office were no longer met. Observers suspected, however, that Yatsenyuk wanted to prepare for the upcoming new election . In October, Yatsenyuk declared that he did not want to run for elections with his own group. However, he only resigned from his post as President of Parliament when he was voted out by a majority of MPs against the votes of the BJuT in November. Then Yazenjuk founded his own political movement " Front Smin " ( German  Front of Changes ). In the 2012 general election , this movement joined the United Opposition, which was running on the list of the Fatherland Party.

In May 2009, Yatsenyuk reached the minimum age of 35 to run for president and ran in the January 2010 presidential election . According to surveys in the first half of 2009, Yatsenjuk was one of the three most promising candidates for the office of Ukrainian head of state, alongside Julija Tymoshenko and Viktor Yanukovych. He received 6.69 percent of the vote and did not make it into the runoff election.

Petro Poroshenko , Vitali Klitschko , John Kerry and Jazenjuk, January 2014

In the 2012 parliamentary election, the Fatherland Party received 25.54% of the vote and got 103 seats in the Verkhovna Rada; thus it formed the second largest parliamentary group. Yatsenyuk became leader of the faction. He appeared as one of the opposition leaders at the Euromaidan protests . Together with the other leading figures of the opposition, Oleh Tjahnybok and Vitali Klitschko , he negotiated several times with President Yanukovych to resolve the crisis. Yanukovych's offer to take over the office of prime minister was turned down by Yatsenyuk in late January 2014.

After Yanukovych had fled, Yatsenyuk was elected Prime Minister of its interim government by the Verkhovna Rada on February 27, 2014 . It received 371 votes and 417 of the 450 members of parliament were present. His candidacy was also supported outside Parliament by leading members of the informal groups of the Euromaidan . The election was not in accordance with the Ukrainian constitution. According to Art. 106 (9), Yatsenyuk should have been appointed Prime Minister by Yanukovych with the consent of Parliament. However, since he had fled to Russia and the constitution did not provide for such a case, the election could not be carried out accordingly. The Financial Times named him an American favorite.

He is chairman of the Popular Front party , founded in March 2014 , which ran in the parliamentary elections in Ukraine in 2014 and became the second largest party in the Verkhovna Rada. On December 2, 2014 he formed a coalition government with his party and the parties Bloc Petro Poroshenko , Radical Party Oleh Lyashko , Fatherland Party and Self-Help .

Acting as acting Prime Minister

On March 16, Yatsenyuk threatened the ringleaders of pro-Russian separatism : “We will find them all - even if it takes a year or two - and bring them to justice and indict them in Ukrainian and international courts. The ground will burn under your feet. "

Referring to the protests of pro-Russian activists , Yatsenyuk held the prospect of decentralization and more powers in a speech addressed to the people of eastern Ukraine on March 18 . This will be part of the new constitution. Local idiosyncrasies in issues such as education , culture , history and heroes should also be taken into account . In an interview with the Süddeutsche Zeitung he said that “more federalism ” is “the first step to destroy Ukrainian sovereignty”.

War in Ukraine, September 2014

Yatsenjuk countered the demand of his Defense Minister Andrij Parubij for the introduction of visa requirements for Russian citizens that a large number of citizens, primarily in the south and east of the country, who work in Russia or have relatives, are interested in maintaining visa-free traffic .

After several economic laws had been rejected in the Ukrainian parliament, he submitted his resignation in July 2014. Among them was a law that would have made it possible for foreign investors to participate in Ukraine's gas transport system. President Poroshenko urged Yatsenyuk to stay in office. In a vote on July 31, 2014, a large majority of MPs rejected his resignation. Yatsenyuk remained in office.

On November 27, 2014, Yatsenyuk was re-elected Prime Minister by a large majority. 341 MPs voted for him (115 more than would have been necessary for re-election).

In a speech on December 11, 2014, he prepared the Ukrainians for painful reforms: he would raise the retirement age to 65, sharply increase the previously heavily subsidized gas price and cut the state budget (the Ministry of Finance is considering budget cuts of up to 25 percent). He practically declared Ukraine bankrupt and asked the West for a new $ 15 billion aid package.

On February 16, 2016, President Poroshenko called for Yatsenyuk's resignation as Prime Minister, as he has long been accused of delaying reforms. On the evening of the same day Yatsenyuk survived a vote of no confidence in the Verkhovna Rada, since only 194 instead of the necessary 226 deputies voted for his removal.

The results of Jazenjuk's work as Prime Minister were judged to be insufficient in the fight against corruption. In the parliamentary group there were repeated allegations of corruption against high-ranking politicians. The national currency has lost almost 80 percent of its value. Most recently, Jazenjuks polled 0.6 percent. Within two years, however, according to Leszek Balcerowicz, Ukraine would have coped with the shocks from the legacy of the former president and the Russian military and economic aggression through an embargo. This is thanks to Jazenyuk and Jaresko . Jazenjuk's neoliberal recipes fizzled out with no effect. The remaining reforms should include privatization, as the state still owns many loss-making companies from which money would be diverted.

On April 10, 2016, Yatsenyuk announced his resignation as prime minister in a televised address. On April 14, 2016, the Verkhovna Rada confirmed Yatsenyuk's resignation with 257 votes and with the same vote elected Volodymyr Hroysman as his successor as prime minister.

Corruption investigation

On March 15, 2016, the Prosecutor General's Office began an investigation into Yatsenyuk for allegedly taking a $ 3 million bribe regarding Volodymyr Ishchuk's appointment as Director General of the National Television and Radio Corporation (RRT) . This information was released by the Public Prosecutor's Office shortly after Yatsenyuk announced his resignation at the request of MP Dobrodomov.

Jazenjuks “main financier” Mykola Martynenko was investigated in Switzerland from 2013 onwards for money laundering.

Private

Yatsenjuk is married, has two daughters and is a member of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church . Various media and observers reported that he had disguised his Jewish ancestry because of possible anti-Semitic moods.

Yazenjuk was the founder of the Open Ukraine Foundation in 2007 , which is supported by American, British and other international partners - u. a. from the US-Ukraine Foundation , the United States Department of State , NATO , Chatham House , Swedbank , the Black Sea Trust for Regional Cooperation, a project of the German Marshall Fund , and the National Endowment for Democracy (NED) - as well was funded by the Ukrainian Viktor Pinchuk Foundation . The Open Ukraine Foundation website and Facebook page were shut down in 2014. The website has been online again since the beginning of March 2014, including the logos of the aforementioned partner organizations.

literature

• Arseniy Yatsenjuk : Банківська таємниця часів Помаранчевої революції ( Banking Secrecy since the Orange Revolution ), Kiev 2008, ISBN 978-966-8618-22-2 .

Web links

Commons : Arsenij Yatsenjuk  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Arseniy Yatsenyuk
• Interview , Focus 44/2015, October 24, 2015

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Prime Minister of Ukraine and composition of Government appointed. In: website of the Ukrainian government, www.kmu.gov.ua. February 27, 2014, accessed April 24, 2014 . 
2. ↑ Jatzenjuk placed at the head of the “Popular Front” party , ukrinform.ua on September 10, 2014
3. ↑ Nina Jeglinski: Mercilessly against the Ukrainian system. In: Der Tagesspiegel . February 16, 2014, accessed March 3, 2014 . 
4. ↑ Яценюка избрали спикером ВР. (No longer available online.) In: NEWSru.ua . December 4, 2007, archived from the original on February 1, 2014 ; Retrieved March 3, 2014 (Russian). 
5. ↑ Высшее руководство Украины просит у НАТО присоединения Украины к ПДЧ. (No longer available online.) In: NEWSru.ua. January 15, 2008, archived from the original on April 9, 2014 ; Retrieved March 3, 2014 (Russian). 
6. ↑ Ющенко. сторонники НУ-НС хотят отставки Яценюка. (No longer available online.) In: NEWSru.ua. February 7, 2008, archived from the original on April 9, 2014 ; Retrieved March 3, 2014 (Russian). 
7. ↑ Спикер Яценюк подал заявление об отставке. (No longer available online.) NEWSru.ua, September 17, 2008, archived from the original on February 19, 2014 ; Retrieved March 3, 2014 (Russian). 
8. ↑ Яценюк отказался от своего блока. In: Komsomolskaya Pravda Ukraina . Retrieved March 3, 2014 (Russian). 
9. ↑ ВР відправила Яценюка у відставку. (No longer available online.) In: NEWSru.ua. November 12, 2008, archived from the original on February 19, 2014 ; Retrieved March 3, 2014 (Ukrainian). 
10. ↑ Яценюк уже может бороться за президентское кресло - ему сегодня 35 лет. (No longer available online.) In: NEWSru.ua. May 22, 2009, archived from the original on April 9, 2014 ; Retrieved March 3, 2014 (Russian). 
11. ↑ Ukraine. After the presidential elections- How to consolidate Ukrainian democracy ?, page 81 / (9). Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung , accessed on April 23, 2014 . 
12. ↑ Ukraine. Opposition leader Yatsenyuk does not want to become head of government. RIA Novosti , January 28, 2014, accessed March 3, 2014 . 
13. ↑ Government of Ukraine: Yatsenjuk is Prime Minister. fr-online.de , February 27, 2014, accessed on April 22, 2014 . 
14. ↑ Arseni Yatsenjuk elected head of the Ukrainian government. derwesten.de , February 27, 2014, accessed on April 22, 2014 . 
15. ↑ Crimea is becoming a hot spot. Swiss television, February 28, 2014, accessed on March 3, 2014 . 
16. ^ Sächsische.de Andrea Schawe, One wins , sächsische.de, February 26, 2014.
17. ↑ The Ukrainian Prime Minister Arseniy Yatsenyuk was elected chairman of the Popular Front Party on Interfax.ua, accessed on October 24, 2014
18. ↑ Election poll of October 23, 2014 , accessed on October 24, 2014
19. ^ Second Yatsenjuk cabinet on Ukraine News of December 2, 2014
20. ↑ Ukraine Prime Minister Issues Warning to Pro-Russia Separatists , CBS News on March 16, 2014
21. ↑ Ukraine will conduct decentralization - Yatseniuk , Interfax-Ukraine on March 18, 2014
22. ↑ Crisis in Ukraine: Kiev's government risks a civil war , Spiegel Online on March 25, 2014
23. ^ Crimean dispute: Ukraine introduces visa requirements for Russians , RIA Novosti on March 19, 2014
24. ↑ Government will not rush introduction of visa regime with Russia , web portal of the Council of Ministers on March 20, 2014
25. ↑ SPIEGEL Online v. July 24, 2014: Power struggle in Kiev: Ukrainian government resigns
26. ↑ Ukrajinska Pravda : Рада оставила Яценюка в кресле премьера
27. ↑ Ukraine: Yatsenjuk remains head of government at Spiegel Online , November 27, 2014 (accessed November 28, 2014).
28. ↑ spiegel.de December 12, 2014: Economic crisis in Ukraine: Yatsenjuks billions
29. ↑ Poroshenko calls for head of government to resign on bild.de on February 16, 2016; accessed on February 16, 2016
30. ↑ Arseni Yatsenjuk survives the vote of no confidence in Die Welt on February 16, 2016; accessed on February 16, 2016
31. ↑ ^{a b} Yatsenjuk cleared the way into the unknown , Der Tagesspiegel, April 10, 2016
32. ↑ “Our plan is Kiev's last chance for reforms” , NZZ, October 19, 2016
33. ^ Prime Minister Yatsenjuk resigns in FAZ on April 10, 2016; Retrieved April 10, 2016
34. ↑ Ukraine: Hrojsman as head of government fix in ORF.at from April 14, 2016; accessed on April 14, 2016
35. ↑ Яценюка подозревают в получении миллионной взятки , Korrespondent.net, April 12, 2016
36. ↑ В ГПУ подтвердили существование расследования по факту получения Яценюком 3 млн долл. взятки , channel 112, April 12, 2016
37. ↑ Catholic Bishop: Kiev Prime Minister not a Scientologist. Kathpress , March 6, 2014, accessed March 13, 2014 . 
38. ↑ Harriet Salem, Who exactly is governing Ukraine? , The Guardian, March 4, 2014
39. ↑ Ben Judah, Ukraine: The Rise of Yatsenyuk , ISN Network at ETH Zurich, August 5, 2009
40. ↑ http://www.usukraine.org/
41. ↑ http://pinchukfund.org/en/projects/16/
42. ↑ http://www.openukraine.org/
43. ↑ http://www.openukraine.org/en ( Memento from July 26, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
44. ↑ Partner area of ​​the website of Arsenij Jazenjuks Foundation, with logos of NATO, the US State Department, the National Endowment for Democracy etc.