Únětice u Prahy
| Únětice | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Středočeský kraj | ||||
| District : | Praha-západ | ||||
| Area : | 315 hectares | ||||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 9 ' N , 14 ° 21' E | ||||
| Height: | 252 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 782 (Jan. 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 252 62 | ||||
| License plate : | S. | ||||
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| Street: | Roztoky - Horoměřice | ||||
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| Status: | local community | ||||
| Districts: | 1 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Vladimír Vytiska (Status: 2013) | ||||
| Address: | Únětice 17 252 62 Horoměřice |
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| Municipality number: | 539805 | ||||
| Website : | www.unetice.cz | ||||
| Location of Únětice in the Praha-západ district | |||||
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Únětice (German Aunietitz , also Aunjetitz ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located nine kilometers northwest of the city center of Prague and belongs to the Okres Praha-západ .
geography
Únětice is located on the edge of the Prague basin ( Pražská kotlina ) on the Prague plateau ( Pražská plošina ) in the valley of the Únětický brook. To the north rise the Stříbrník (311 m) and Řivnáč (292 m), in the northeast the Na Vršcích (297 m), east the Holý vrch, in the southeast the Kozí hřbety and northwest the Na Habří (313 m).
Neighboring towns are Chaloupky, Stříbrník, Podmoráň and Řež in the north, Žalov and Roztoky in the Northeast, Maximiliánka, Brnky, Dolní Chabry and Čimice the east, Stary Suchdol and Suchdol in the southeast, Výhledy, U Potůčku, Třešňovka and Na Skále in the south, Horoměřice and Statenice in the southwest, Černý Vůl in the west and Velké Přílepy and Úholičky in the northwest.
history
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Archaeological finds prove an early settlement of the community area. In 1879 the Czech doctor and archaeologist Čeněk Rýzner from Roztoky u Prahy discovered four bone graves during archaeological investigations on the field road from Aunjetitz to Rostoky not far from the Holý vrch hill. Rýzner carried out further excavations on Holý vrch from 1880 with the support of residents. An Early Bronze Age burial ground consisting of 70 communal stool graves was found. The graves, about one and a half meters wide, were laid out in rows with a distance of one meter. The deceased were all buried facing east and were given an earthen vessel as a burial object, and the women also carried jewelry. On the wooded ridge of Kozí hřbety there was a Stone Age settlement from the period between 2500 and 1800 BC. Found. The Prague prehistorians Karel Buchtela and Lubor Niederle named a Central European culture of the Early Bronze Age as Aunjetitz culture ( Únětická kultura ) after the Únětice site .
In the early Middle Ages, the area belonged to the estates of the Přemyslid princes , whose seat was the nearby Levý Hradec castle . The village of villa Vnetych on the Slativnice brook ( Únětický potok ) was first mentioned in writing in 1125 during the reign of Duke Soběslav I as the property of Canon Zbyhněv of the Prague Church of the Virgin Mary. He had the Church of the Assumption built in 1132. In the Únětice charter, Zbyhněv occupied the new church with the two canons Ráža and Bezděd, for whose livelihood he donated an independent estate in Únětice. Zbyhněv is documented as the owner of the estate until 1140. In 1233, King Wenceslas I confirmed the Únětice deed and the estate as the property of the Prague Cathedral Chapter of St. Vitus . From 1352 the church is listed as a parish church in the papal tithe documents of the Říp dean's office . After the outbreak of the Hussite Wars , the Prague Hussites took possession of the Únětice capitular property in 1421. After the class uprising of 1547, King Ferdinand I had the goods of the rebellious Prague citizens confiscated and returned the Únětice manor to the Cathedral Chapter of St. Vitus at Prague Castle . A brewery has been recorded since 1557. In the land register from 1610 a farm, eight hubs, two privileged Kretschen , two mills, a brewery and a forge are listed for Únětice . The oldest news about a school dates back to 1622. During the Thirty Years' War the estate was completely ruined; the villages of Únětice, Suchdol and Horoměřice were burned down in 1648. From 1667 registers were kept in Únětice. During a famine and the outbreak of the plague, around 200 people died in Únětice at the end of the 17th century. As a result, the village had only 81 inhabitants in 1700. In 1808, the cathedral chapter had the canon crypt laid out in the cemetery. In 1838 a new school building was built.
In 1843 Aunětitz , Aunetitz and Unietic consisted of 43 houses with 350 inhabitants. The parish church of the Assumption of Mary, the parish and the school were under lordly patronage. There was also a manorial farm, a Dominikales brewery, a Dominikales brandy house, a Dominikales mutton hut, an inn and two mills. Aunětitz was the parish for Groß Přilep , Schwarzochs ( Černý Vůl ), Auholiček , Horoměřitz and Sukdol . Until the mid-19th century was Aunětitz the rule Chrasstian servants.
After the abolition of patrimonial formed Ounětice / Aunětitz 1850 with the district Černý Vůl 1. díl / Black Ochs first share a municipality in the county and judicial district Smíchov . At that time the community had 394 inhabitants. In 1898 there were 424 children in Ounětice who were taught by seven teachers. In 1900 there were 481 people in Ounětice. The place name Ounětice was used until 1924 as an alternative to the current form of name introduced at the end of the 19th century. In 1927 the municipality was assigned to the Praha-venkov district and the judicial district of Praha-západ. From 1929 Únětice belonged to the judicial district Praha-sever. In 1932, the municipality of Únětice, including the district of Černý Vůl I, had 607 inhabitants. At that time, the brewery with 35 employees was the largest company in the village, and quarries were also operated on Holý vrch. In 1942, Únětice became part of the newly formed Praha-venkov-sever district. After the end of the Second World War, Únětice came to the judicial district of Praha-západ. Since 1949 the municipality has belonged to Okres Praha-západ . Černý Vůl 1. díl was reassigned to Statenice during this time . Since December 12th, 2008 Únětice has had a coat of arms and a banner. In 2009 street names were introduced in the village.
Attractions
- Baroque parish church of the Assumption, it was built between 1766 and 1770 from a simple Romanesque predecessor building from 1132. The high altar sheet created by Ignaz Raab depicts the Assumption of the Virgin Mary.
- Baroque rectory, built in 1766
- Granary, built in 1752 at the instigation of pastor Václav Nespěšný, it has been used as a museum of Aunjetice culture since the 1990s.
- Cemetery with chapel of St. Josef from 1698 on the eastern edge of the village, under the chapel is the crypt of the canons of the Prague cathedral chapter St. Vitus, laid out in 1808
- Chapel of St. Johannes von Nepomuk, in the western part of the village, it was created in 1716 at the instigation of pastor Josef Turek
- Statue of St. John of Nepomuk opposite the chapel
- Brewery, the building was probably built in 1710. The brewery belonging to the cathedral chapter was the third largest in the Smíchov district in 1897 with 21,600 hectoliters. In 1949 it was nationalized and attached to the Smíchov Brewery. This had the brewing facilities, which had only been renewed two years earlier, expanded and operations shut down. Until 1951 the cellars served as the defeat of the Smíchov brewery. Since 2011 there has been a brewery again under the name Únětický pivovar .
- Former Rademacherei
- Údolí Únětického potoka nature reserve with
Web links
- History of Únětice (Czech)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer The Kingdom of Bohemia, Vol. 13 Rakonitzer Kreis, 1845 p. 243
- ↑ http://www.unetickypivovar.cz/o-pivovaru