Bicycle traffic in Bremen
In Bremen , according to a study in 2008, cycling reached a share of 26.5% of all distances covered within the city ( inland traffic ) and is thus higher than in most other major German cities . In the modal split , Bremen, together with Hanover, achieved the highest value among the German cities of half a million at 19%. Bremen is therefore often referred to as a “ bicycle city ”.
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The city of Bremen's cycle network includes 720 kilometers of cycle paths of very different quality. In addition, many kilometers of road-independent cycle paths lead through parks , green corridors and on or behind the dikes .
The roads in the blockland may only be used by residents and are primarily used for recreational use by bicycle. In the extended 30 km / h zones , almost all one-way streets have been opened to bicycle traffic, but there is still a lot of cobblestone in the older parts of the city . In 2008/09, 400 kilometers of main routes were signposted.
In the city center there are over 2,500 parking spaces for bicycles. Added to that come ADFC - bicycle stations at the Bremen Main Station .
The Bremen 2025 Transport Development Plan proposes numerous measures for cycling, including premium cycling routes that largely correspond to high-speed cycling connections . With the start of the red-green coalition in 2007, cycling policy in Bremen gained in importance. A comparison of the federal states shows that the state government uses its room for maneuver to strengthen cycling and to raise federal funds to promote cycling.
Several long-distance cycle routes lead through Bremen, mostly on road-independent paths.
history
Beginnings
Thanks to the gradient-free topography, the bicycle became popular in Bremen at an early stage and was therefore quantitatively significant.
The reasons for building cycle paths have changed over time: around 1900, the bicycle was the vehicle with the highest driving speeds in city traffic. The lanes of almost all streets were cobblestone. The first cycle paths in Bremen were strips of better paving stones in the middle of the street. The first cycle paths on the roadside were laid out in Bremen as early as 1897. B. on Parkallee , Hollerallee and Osterdeich . Over time, bicycles became a means of mass transport, and some streets on which workers drove to their workplaces in the harbor area were given cycle paths. With the increase and acceleration of car traffic, the aim was to keep the lanes free of cyclists. With the first road traffic regulations of 1934, the compulsory use of cycle paths was introduced.
Expansion of the cycle path network
In some of the better residential streets such as Emmastraße, Bremen had already laid out cycle paths between the world wars. In the 1960s and 1970s, cycle paths were built in Bremen not only on main roads, but also in many streets with no through traffic.
In 1971, the Senator for the Building Industry in Bremen's urban development program stated that the only objective was that “primarily in the outside areas, a widely ramified and safe network of paths [for cyclists] should be available”, combined with the requirement “the network of cycle paths, particularly to the green and green spaces To develop recreational areas ”. Only from this time on did Bremen devote itself increasingly to expanding the cycle path network. In the east of Bremen in particular, a number of cycle paths were created away from car traffic.
The positive attitude of politics towards bicycles was shown, among other things, in a project for public bicycles, which, however, had to be discontinued at the beginning of the 1980s due to considerable decline. There was also a first bicycle station , still provisionally in a container on the station square . With regard to cycling in the road network, there was a polarization between building and regulating authorities in the 1970s and 1980s; For the Office for Roads and Bridges , improvements for car traffic had priority, while the head of the road traffic authority at the Senator for the Interior, Klaus Hinte, was a pioneer in promoting bicycle traffic. Bremen owes the bicycle ring lane on the Stern and the first bicycle roads in the Federal Republic of Germany to his work . The traffic sign "Dead end for foot and bicycle traffic permeable" with the pedestrian and cycle path symbol above the horizontal line was used by him in Bremen long before it was included in the StVO. In 1987 a cycle path plan was drawn up. In the answer to a major question from the SPD citizenship group to the Bremen citizenship , the Senate presented the conception of the cycle path network through Construction Senator Meyer .
Implementation of the 1997 amendment to the Road Traffic Act
In the 1980s, various working groups across Germany began to examine the effects of construction measures and traffic regulations. At that time there were two findings [which are no longer valid today in this strictness and interpretation]: The traffic climate was important for traffic safety, especially in residential streets. It was said that an excessive separation of the types of transport would be detrimental, since most accidents happen at road crossings and property exits (disregarding structural design solutions). Even on main roads heavily loaded with motor vehicle traffic, the risk of accidents for cyclists on cycle paths is higher than that of cyclists who drive on the road, it was claimed at the time. As a consequence, 30 km / h zones were set up, which quickly encompassed almost the entire road network in Bremen, except for the so-called reserve network . The principle of the 30 km / h zone and in particular the right-before-left regulation regularly used there contradict cycle paths that typically exist in priority roads . Today (2016) there are still around 100 km of such cycle paths in side streets in Bremen. The knowledge about the alleged lack of safety advantages of cycle paths was taken into account in that, after the amendment to the road traffic regulations of 1997, a planning office was commissioned to check all cycle paths with regard to their dimensions and the necessity of an obligation to use them. With a high proportion, either the qualitative prerequisites or the necessity were rated as not given. As a result, a few new signs were put up on existing cycle paths to mark the obligation to use, numerous other signs were removed, thus lifting the obligation to use. It should be noted here that the design did not have a further logical consequence, namely to expand the cycle paths. Because due to the particular constellation of advocates, the discussion was only conducted “from the street”. The consequence of all of this is that you could cycle on the carriageway in the entire 30 km / h network and on several 50 km / h streets, even if there are bike paths. However, this is an offer that only 1% of the citizens take up [source VEP]. This "on-the-road" policy probably also meant that bicycle traffic in Bremen could not increase significantly in several decades.
From cycle path network to cycle traffic network
In the 1990s, a working group initiated by Senator for Construction Konrad Kunick , made up of representatives from the authorities and the ADFC, developed a network of main routes that should connect all parts of the city away from the main car traffic axes as an attractive offer for everyday traffic. So far, only Veloroute 1 has been implemented from this network , from President-Kennedy-Platz to Burglesum. Without being signposted as a cycle route, the Beneckendorffallee was also expanded as a footpath and cycle path, financed by the Wohnliche Stadt Foundation . With the assumption of office of the Senator Bernt Schulte (CDU) in the grand coalition, the authorities again turned their attention more to car traffic and cycle paths along the road.
Inspired by similar ring projects for leisure traffic in other cities, the planning of a green ring , consisting of three rings and a few radial access routes, began in Bremen in 1998/99 . Since financial means are relatively easy to mobilize for tourism promotion, the routes of the Green Ring were signposted until 2003 and for a long time were the only route signposts alongside the long-distance cycle paths leading through Bremen.
In the years 1999 to 2001 a target network planning was carried out for the Bremen bicycle traffic with the aim of planning a multi-level bicycle traffic network for the whole city. The contractor was the engineering office Planungsgemeinschaft Verkehr (PGV) of the renowned traffic scientist Dankmar Alrutz . Due to specifications from the Bremen construction department , the planning concentrated more on routes along main roads than on those through green corridors and residential streets. Politics and administration took note of this careful inventory and planning work only hesitantly. This is how the Green Network 2002 map collection, published by the Senator for Construction at the time, was created without taking into account the well-founded concept of target network planning.
Although the tight financial situation requires the means of entertainment to be concentrated on actually used cycle paths, the clerks responsible for individual districts have not adhered to centrally specified priorities for a long time. B. renovate cycle paths in 30 km / h zones that are not worth preserving according to the current principles of traffic planning.
The target network planning was taken into account in the 2005 city map, the Bremen bicycle traffic plan, created and jointly published by the Geoinformation Bremen in accordance with the specifications of the building senator's authority with the help of the ADFC Bremen . The route planner put online by the authorities is also based on the destination network planning.
In 2008 the main route network provided for in the target network planning was also signposted. Since then, the Senate has made more efforts to promote bicycle traffic. In 2009, in the street in front of the stone gate, the area between the rails of the tram tracks was prepared for cycling with a level asphalt surface. It is provided with bicycle pictograms to support cycling in the middle of the lane. So that the road design here as well as at the Gete, in a section corresponding Arberger highway and since the summer of 2014 on the ports of the shared lanes ( " Pro rata unused lanes ") of the United States and Canada.
In 2013 and 2014, part of Wachmannstrasse, Humboldtstrasse and several smaller streets were designated as cycle streets .
Efforts to repair and renew important cycle paths have increased, including the north side of Hollerallee and now the Jan-Reiners-Weg annually . At the same time, the obligation to use most of the cycle paths along the road has been removed by removing the blue cycle path signs 237, 240 and 241 , in order to enable cyclists to choose between cycle path and road, depending on their driving style and traffic situation .
The dispute about one-way streets or cyclists who drove against the one-way direction and the corresponding police controls led to the establishment of the General German Bicycle Club, ADFC , which had its federal office in Bremen for a long time before moving to Berlin. Almost all one-way streets are now open to bicycle traffic in the opposite direction. In 30 km / h zones, this is usually done by using the lane in the opposite direction, in individual streets in the city center also with bike paths in the opposite direction. In Bremen there were the first areas in the 1980s with almost area-wide opening of one-way streets, so that these could be examined in depth in a corresponding nationwide research project. Starting in Bremen, this regulation is now included in the nationwide road traffic regulations (StVO) and has been practiced throughout the country in 30 km / h zones since the late 1990s. This applies in a similar way to bicycle roads , which were also used for the first time in Bremen, were included in the StVO in the 1980s and since 1997, but have only been used more frequently since the beginning of the 2010s.
Bicycle parking
Parking facilities in public spaces
In the old town there are over 2,500 parking spaces for bicycles. In the 1990s there was an initiative by the Senate to set up bicycle parking facilities on areas in residential streets that previously served as car parking spaces. The project was scaled back under the black and red coalition. Now that the political will is there again, there is a lack of funding. In order to increase the attractiveness of the city center for shopping traffic by bike, in addition to the creation of additional parking spaces, all newly designed roads such as B. Martinistraße , Faulenstraße , Bürgermeister-Smidt-Straße , Herdentorsteinweg , Kulturmeile and Wall have been equipped with cycle paths.
There are three parking garages where you can store your bike in a sheltered place. Information on this can be found in the Bremen bicycle parking plan.
Bike stations in Bremen
- The bike station at Bremen main station was opened in 2003 and offers 1,500 guarded parking spaces as well as a repair and rental service. It serves u. a. Bus, tram and train travelers as well as tourists. It also provides information on bike tours in and around Bremen.
- Parking system in the bicycle station: single tickets, season tickets (month, half-year, year), credit card
- Bicycle parking garage next to the north exit of the station on Willy-Brandt-Platz (opened in 1995): season tickets, credit card
- Bike station at the train station in Vegesack (2008–2012)
Connections to the surrounding area
Since Bremen's environs of Lower Saxony are characterized by a dense network of side roads and paved farm roads, and - apart from the Weser - there are no scenic barriers, you can reach many cities and other destinations from Bremen by bike without much traffic, often with fewer detours than on the signposted long-distance cycle paths.
Popular leisure routes
Bremen-center
with the old town , the station suburb , the Ostertor and the Steintor
- In Bremen-Mitte , a continuous cycle path leads along the Weser to the city center, the Ostertorviertel and the Steintorviertel.
- The network leads around the old town through the paths in the ramparts . In order to increase the attractiveness of the city center for shopping traffic by bike, in addition to the creation of additional parking spaces, all newly designed roads such as B. Martinistraße, Faulenstraße, Bürgermeister-Smidt-Straße, Herdentorsteinweg, Kulturmeile and Wall have been equipped with cycle paths.
Bremen-North
with Blumenthal , Burglesum and Vegesack
- In Blumenthal , popular cycle paths lead along the Weser to Rekum and Neuenkirchen , along the Beckedorfer Beeke to Beckedorf and Schwanewede or through Lüssum-Bockhorn past the Blumenthal forest cemetery.
- In Burglesum , popular cycle paths lead on both sides of the Lesum west to Vegesack and in the Werderland to Nieder- and Mittelbüren to the Moorlosenkirche or in an easterly direction to the Wümme cycle path and the Blockland.
- In Vegesack there are popular bike paths u. a. on the Weser and the Lesum on both sides with an extensive system of paths. The route connection from Vegesack via the Fährer Flur , Fährer Kämpe , Fährer Straße and Hammersbecker Weg leads to Schwanewede , district of Löhnhorst.
Bremen-East
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with Borgfeld , Hemelingen , Horn-Lehe , Oberneuland , Osterholz , Östliche Vorstadt , Schwachhausen and Vahr
- The Jan-Reiners-Radweg is not only a cycle path , but also the most important bicycle connection between Bremen and Lilienthal in rush hour traffic .
- The Kuhgrabenweg leads from the Park Avenue (downtown-eastern edge of Bürgerpark ) to the cross dike and thus Wümme bridge of Jan-Renerswegs, important for commuters between downtown Bremen and Lilienthal.
- In Borgfeld many cycle paths lead u. a. via this' Jan-Reiners-Weg to Wümme to Horn-Lehe or to Lilienthal, via the Kuhgrabenweg past the Kuhgrabensee to the University of Bremen and to Horn-Lehe, via the Truper dike and the Lehester dike to the Wümme cycle path, via the Katrepeler Landstrasse via Hollerdeich over the Wümme cycle path to Ottersberg and Hexenberg to Grasberg , over the Katrepeler Landstrasse to Hollerdeich and Aumundsdamm to Oberneuland and over the Borgfelder Landstrasse via Am Großer Moordamm to Hexenberg to Grasberg.
- In Hemelingen there are several paths u. a. from Neue-Heimat-Straße to Osterholz, from Mahndorfer Deich and Bollener Landstrasse past Mahndorfer See to Uphusen and the Weser, from Mahndorfer Landstrasse over Ehlersdamm to Osterholz, from Hasteder Osterdeich over Osterdeich to the center of Bremen and over the Weserwehr to habenhausen and to Werdersee .
- In Horn-Lehe numerous paths lead u. a. via the Wetterungsweg to the Stadtwald and Stadtwaldsee (Uni-See), via the Kuhgrabenweg past the Kuhgrabensee to the Wümme and to the Wümme cycle path, via the Jan Reiner hiking path to the Wümme to Borgfeld and Lilienthal, via Hinter dem Riensberg and the Achterstraße , past the Riensberg cemetery and the Kleine Wümme to the city forest and across the Marcusallee , past the Rhododendron Park Bremen to Oberneuland.
- In Oberneuland popular bike paths lead u. a. to the Achterdiekpark and the Achterdieksee , over the Hollerdeich and the Aumundsdamm to the Wümme, the Wümme cycle path and to Borgfeld and Lilienthal , over the Hodenberger Deich to Ottersberg and over Nedderland / Marcusallee to the Rhododendron Park Bremen .
- In Osterholz numerous paths lead u. a. to Bultensee / Behlingsee / Königsmoor , over the Hodenberger Deich to Wümme, the Wümme cycle path and to Ottersberg as well as to Achterdieksee over the Heinrich-Boden-Weg .
- In the eastern suburb , on the right side of the Weser, a continuous path leads along the Weser and on the dike into the center of Bremen, past an allotment area and the Pauliner Marsch green corridor and sports park with the Weser stadium . On the so-called strawberry bridge ( Karl-Carstens Bridge ) and the Weserwehr the left side of the Weser can be achieved as well as Obervieland and the Neustadt with the Werderland between Weser and Small Weser.
Bremen south
Left the Weser, with Huchting , Neustadt , Obervieland , Seehausen , Strom and Woltmershausen
- In Huchting , the bike paths in the Links der Weser park , around the Sodenmattsee in the green area on the Sodenmattsee , in the Ochtum lowlands and the dike paths on the Ochtum and the Varreler Bäke are the most popular bike paths. You lead u. a. over and over On the Klaukamp , Höhpost , Achterfeldweg , Hohenhorster Weg , Heulandsweg ; Hohenhorster See , Schweinkamp , Wardamm , Westerlandweg to Altstuhr , Varrel , Moordeich and Brinkum or Woltmershausen, Neustadt, Strom and Seehausen.
- In the new town are popular bike paths u. a. on the Kleine Weser , on both sides of the Werdersee to Huckelriede and habenhausen, as well as from the Alte Neustadt through the Neustadter green spaces and in Huckelriede in the large allotment area.
- In Strom and Seehausen , electricity is developed through the cycle path on Stromer Landstrasse, which leads west to Deichhausen, Sandhausen and Delmenhorst . From Strom, at the state border, a road leads to Seehausen with the popular cycle path on the left Weser dike, which leads from the Neustadt outer harbor to the Hasenbüren sports harbor and the Ochtum barrage . There are connections to the Niedervieland marshland . Huchting is reached by the still inadequate connection of the Brokhuchtinger Landstrasse through the Ochtum lowlands.
- In Woltmershausen , cycle paths lead past the Rablinghausen u. a. on the dike of the Weser to the Weseruferpark Rablinghausen and the Lankenauer Höft . The Ochtum lowlands can be reached via the roadstead and Langer Damm . The Alter Schutzdeich cycle path leads via Wardamm to Huchting. In the middle of the district there is a connection on Butjadinger Straße , Mittelkamp and Simon-Bolivar-Straße .
Bremen West
with Blockland , Findorff (Bremen) , Gröpelingen and Walle
- In Findorff , popular bike paths lead through the Bürgerpark to Schwachhausen, to the Stadtwald with the Stadtwaldsee (Uni-See) and to the University of Bremen . In Weidedamm , paths lead through the extensive allotment gardens. The Blockland and the Wümme cycle path are easily accessible from Findorff via Hemmstraße and Südwenje (on the Semkenfahrt ).
- In Gröpelingen and Blockland , a central bike and footpath leads in a west-east direction through an elongated green zone from Oslebshausen through Ohlenhof and the Gröpelingen district to Walle to the city center. Popular destinations for cyclists are the Blockland with the Wümme cycle path and the Blocklander Hemmstraße on the Kleine Wümme as well as the allotment garden area In den Wischen to the Waller Feldmarksee .
- In Walle , a green corridor with a cycle and hiking path runs along the longitudinal axis from Bremen-Mitte through Walle to Gröpelingen. The Waller Straße and the Waller Damm lead past the allotment areas Hohweg into the Waller Feldmark , to the Blockland and to the Wümme with the Wümme cycle path.
Long-distance cycle routes
- The Weser Cycle Path is a long-distance cycle path with a length of around 500 km. It is one of the most attractive riverside cycle paths in Germany along the Weser from Hann. Münden via Bremen, Bremerhaven to the mouth of the Weser in the North Sea .
- The Wümme-Radweg is a long -distance cycle path from Bremen ( Wümme estuary) through the Wümmeniederung via Lilienthal to the Heideort Wilsede .
- The North Sea Cycle Route is a 5,942 km long international long -distance cycle route that touches Bremerhaven .
- The long-distance cycle route Hamburg – Bremen has a length of 150 km. It has a connection to the Weser cycle path.
- The Bremen – Osnabrück long-distance cycle path , known as the bridge cycle path , is around 300 km in length. It connects the cities on two largely parallel routes.
- The 450 km long cycle path from Teufelsmoor to the Wadden Sea leads through the Elbe-Weser triangle and along the North Sea.
See also
- The Allgemeine Deutsche Fahrrad-Club , a traffic club for cycling, was founded in 1979 in Bremen.
- The ADFC Federal Association was based in Bremen until 2012.
- There is an ADFC regional association in Bremen with a district association in Bremerhaven and a district group in Bremen-Nord .
- Dachgeber is the name of a Germany-wide network for cyclists. The processing takes place in Bremen.
Web links
- Bremen by bike - city map with bike path evaluation and route recommendations
- Pages of the responsible body of the Senate for cycling
- Green Ring Bremen
- Cycle route planner Bremen
- Interview 2012 with Klaus Polzin , head of the transport department at the Bremen Senator for Environment, Building and Transport, about cycling in Bremen
- Traffic information Bremen for pedestrians and cyclists
literature
- Free Hanseatic City of Bremen, Geoinformation Bremen, General German Bicycle Club: Radverkehrsplan Bremen . 2005, ISBN 3-923017-46-4 ., Current edition from 2015
- Bielefelder Verlag: ADFC regional map 1: 75,000 Bremen and the surrounding area . 2005, ISBN 3-87073-352-7 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ SrV 2008 TU-Dresden (PDF; 1.3 MB), there Tab. 11 (a)
- ↑ Mobility in the Hanover Region 2011. (PDF; 1.3 MB) Report. infas (Institute for Applied Social Science GmbH), 2013, p. 48 , accessed on September 24, 2018 .
- ↑ including 6 km of cycle lanes, database of the office for traffic ecology
- ^ VEP Bremen
- ↑ Arne Jungjohann: To govern ecologically. An analysis of the government practice of Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen in the field of ecological modernization. Heinrich Böll Foundation, January 15, 2019, accessed on February 4, 2019 .
- ↑ Lukas Paustian, Alexander Vogel: Planning of a bicycle expressway from Bremen main station to Bremen Airport City. University of Bremen, semester thesis 2011.
- ↑ Senator for the Building Industry: City Development Program Bremen, Bremen June 1971, p. 40
- ↑ Citizenship: minutes of the 33rd session of January 29, 1987
- ↑ Grüner Ring Region Bremen, tourist portal
- ^ Press office of the Bremen Senate: Target network planning
- ↑ TAZ of February 21, 2012: The transport department is gradually reducing the number of cycle paths that must be used.
- ^ D. Alrutz , W. Angenendt, W. Draeger, D. Gündel: Traffic safety in one-way streets with opposite bicycle traffic . In: Road traffic technology . No. 6 , 2002 ( PDF at pgv-hannover.de - results of the research project).
- ↑ bike-wide - direct connections by bike
- ^ ADFC regional association Bremen